CN112295727A - Method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings - Google Patents
Method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN112295727A CN112295727A CN202010992110.6A CN202010992110A CN112295727A CN 112295727 A CN112295727 A CN 112295727A CN 202010992110 A CN202010992110 A CN 202010992110A CN 112295727 A CN112295727 A CN 112295727A
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- ore
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- separation
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- ilmenite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
Abstract
A method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out first ball milling separation after feeding, and carrying out first magnetic separation after finishing the first ball milling separation; s2, performing first magnetic separation, and performing second ball milling separation on the magnetically separated ores; s3, conveying the tailings which do not pass through the first magnetic separation and the second magnetic separation into a drum screen; s4, feeding the separated ore into a permanent magnet machine, magnetizing and adsorbing the ore, and sucking out the magnetized ore; grading the sucked ore; s5, roughly selecting the ore after ore sand separation, finely selecting the ore after rough selection, and magnetically selecting the finely selected ore for the third time to obtain the titanium concentrate powder. The invention can simultaneously extract titanium concentrate and iron concentrate from the tailings, improves the ore utilization rate through further processing the tailings, reduces the tailing discharge amount, and has obvious economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and particularly relates to a method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings.
Background
Ilmenite, also known as titanomagnetite, is an oxide mineral of iron and titanium and is the main ore for the extraction of titanium. Ilmenite is heavy, grey to black, with a little metallic luster. The crystals are generally plate-shaped, are aggregated together to be blocky or granular, have the composition of FeTiO3 and the content of TiO2 of 52.66 percent, and are main minerals for extracting titanium and titanium dioxide. In Panzhihua iron ore in Sichuan China, ilmenite is distributed among magnetite particles or in cracks and forms a large deposit.
Ilmenite tailings are waste discharged from ore dressing plants after grinding ores and selecting useful components. The main components of the solid industrial waste in the ilmenite tailings can be regarded as a composite mineral material such as silicate/carbonate, and the content of the main useful components in the tailings is called the grade of the tailings, and the ilmenite tailings still contain a small amount of useful ores.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings.
The invention discloses a method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, performing first ball milling separation after feeding to enable the particle size of the ore to be below 0.3 mm, and performing first magnetic separation after finishing the first ball milling separation;
s2, after the first magnetic separation, performing second ball milling separation on the magnetically separated ores to enable the particle size of the ores to reach 0.15-0.25 mm, and performing second magnetic separation; obtaining iron concentrate powder through second magnetic separation;
s3, delivering tailings which do not pass through the first magnetic separation and the second magnetic separation into a drum screen, and separating ores with larger particle sizes and sands with smaller particle sizes in the tailings;
s4, feeding the separated ore into a permanent magnet machine, magnetizing and adsorbing the ore, and sucking out the magnetized ore; feeding the sucked ore into a spiral flow for ore classification;
s5, roughly selecting the ore after ore sand separation, finely selecting the ore after rough selection, and magnetically selecting the finely selected ore for the third time to obtain the titanium concentrate powder.
Preferably, in step S5, the ore that has not passed through concentration is returned to the spiral chute for re-ore separation and the subsequent step S5.
Preferably, in step S5, the ore that has not passed through the roughing is subjected to a first scavenging, the ore that has passed through the first scavenging is subjected to the concentration, and the ore that has not passed through the first scavenging is subjected to a second scavenging, and the ore that has passed through the second scavenging is the titanium ore powder.
Preferably, ore that has not passed the second pass is re-fed to the first sweep.
Preferably, the spiral process in step S4 is implemented by using a spiral chute. .
By adopting the method for extracting the titanium concentrate and the iron concentrate by utilizing the ilmenite tailings, the titanium concentrate and the iron concentrate can be simultaneously extracted from the tailings, the ore utilization rate is improved by further processing the tailings, the tailing discharge amount is reduced, and the method has obvious economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the method for extracting ilmenite concentrate and iron concentrate using ilmenite tailings according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of mineral content with particle size in mineral powder after magnetic separation, wherein the abscissa represents mesh number of the mineral powder, and the ordinate represents mineral content percentage.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the present invention.
The method for extracting the titanium concentrate and the iron concentrate by using the ilmenite tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, performing first ball milling separation after feeding to enable the particle size of the ore to be below 0.3 mm, and performing first magnetic separation after finishing the first ball milling separation;
the magnetic separation is to utilize the difference of magnetic conductivity of minerals in the tailings to make them pass through a magnetic field, because the different minerals react with the magnetic field differently, the iron-containing minerals with high magnetic conductivity are sucked up by the magnetic disk, and then fall down after losing magnetism, and are collected by the aggregate hopper, and the iron-containing minerals with low magnetic conductivity are not sucked up, and are left in the material or taken out as tailings along with the rotating belt, so as to be separated.
S2, after the first magnetic separation, performing second ball milling separation on the magnetically separated ores to further reduce the particle size of the ores, generally 0.15-0.25 mm, and performing second magnetic separation; obtaining iron concentrate powder through second magnetic separation;
through two ball milling separation, the ore is changed into mineral powder, the purity of the titanium-containing powder and the iron-containing powder is improved, and the titanium-containing powder and the iron-containing powder are easier to be separated by magnetic separation. After two ball milling and separation, the mineral powder can be further crushed to 80-100 meshes.
S3, delivering tailings which do not pass through the first magnetic separation and the second magnetic separation into a drum screen, and separating ores with larger particle sizes and sands with smaller particle sizes in the tailings;
the ore and the gravel in the ore are further separated through a drum screen, and a drum device is obliquely arranged on the frame. The motor is connected with the roller device through the speed reducer and the shaft coupling, and drives the roller device to rotate around the axis of the roller device. After the materials enter the roller device, the materials on the screen surface are overturned and rolled due to the inclination and rotation of the roller device, so that the qualified materials (undersize products) are discharged through a discharge hole at the bottom of the rear end of the roller, and the unqualified materials (oversize products) are discharged through a discharge hole at the tail part of the roller. Because the material is upset, the roll in the cylinder, make the material of card in the sieve mesh can be popped out, prevent that the sieve mesh from blockking up.
S4, feeding the separated ore into a permanent magnet machine, magnetizing and adsorbing the ore, and sucking out the magnetized ore; feeding the sucked ore into a spiral chute for ore classification;
the permanent magnet machine magnetizes ores with magnetic elements, such as iron ores and titanium ores, entering the internal magnetization cavity of the permanent magnet machine, the magnetism of the ores subjected to permanent magnet magnetization is enhanced and can be kept for a period of time, and the magnetized ores are sucked out. The magnetic separator can adopt a wet flat permanent magnetic separator with the magnetic field intensity of about 1 Tesla
The composition of the particle size of the magnetic concentrate is shown in table 1; because of the permanent magnetic separation tailing discarding experiment, the vanadium element detection is carried out on the fine-grained permanent magnetic concentrate only by carrying out the chemical detection on valuable elements on the collected concentrate and comprehensively considering the characteristics of the Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite and the distribution state of Fe in the raw ore, and the detection result is shown in the table 2; the distribution of valuable elements in the permanent magnet concentrate in each size fraction is shown in table 3.
As can be seen from tables 1, 2 and 3:
the permanent magnet concentration tailings are removed, the permanent magnet concentrate grade is obviously improved, and the permanent magnet concentration can effectively improve the Fe and Ti grades of the concentrate.
Secondly, through permanent magnetic concentration, TiO2 and FeO occurrence state in the obtained permanent magnetic concentrate still show positive correlation, and Fe2O3 is basically unchanged along with the change of particle size and is stabilized at 5 +/-0.5 percent in the concentrate. Compared with the raw ore, the content of TiO2 in the permanent magnet concentrate is obviously increased, but the increase amount of the TiO2 in the permanent magnet concentrate is larger along with the change of the granularity, and the increase amount is larger from 17.53% increase of +20 meshes to 97.97% increase of-100 meshes when the granularity is finer. And with the thinning of the granularity, the TiO2 and FeO grade in the permanent magnet concentrate are in a remarkable rising trend, the TiO2 grade in-100-mesh permanent magnet concentrate and + 20-mesh permanent magnet concentrate is increased by 3.05 times, and the FeO grade is increased by 1.07 times. Therefore, when the iron and the titanium of the permanent magnet concentrate are separated in the later period, the concentrate is recommended to be ground to be below 60 meshes and then sorted. The changes of FeO, TiO2 and Fe2O3 along with the changes of the particle size are shown in figure 2.
Thirdly, valuable elements Fe and Ti in the permanent magnet concentrate are still concentrated in minerals with fine granularity, wherein the minerals with the size of less than 0.5mm account for 72.69 percent of the total mineral amount, but Ti accounts for 87.39 percent of the total amount, and Fe accounts for 80.59 percent of the total amount. The proportion of valuable elements in the fine-grained titanium concentrate is further increased by comprehensively considering the factors of insufficient collection amount of the fine-grained permanent magnetic concentrate and the like in the industrial test process.
Fourthly, the content of FeO in the permanent magnetic concentrate is far higher than that of TiO2, the difference values of different particle sizes are inconsistent, and the content of the permanent magnetic concentrate is increased from 8.76% to 17.15% along with the thinning of the particle size. From the structural formula of the ilmenite phase (FeO. tio2), it is known that the quality of FeO and the quality of TiO2 should be substantially the same in the ilmenite phase. It is suggested that a certain amount of magnetite phase may be present in the permanent magnet concentrate. Therefore, to improve the grade of the titanium concentrate, the separation technology of the magnetite phase in the permanent magnet concentrate should be comprehensively considered.
And fifthly, the content of TiO2 in the comprehensive ore and the content of FeO in the permanent magnet concentrate are both low, and the average addition difference between the content of TiO2 and the content of FeO in each size fraction is larger, wherein the difference between TiO2 and FeO is 2.08 percent, and the difference between FeO and FeO is 3.26 percent. The sampling of the permanent magnet concentrate is not uniform; the weighted average is more convincing after the grading is seen overall and is closer to the theoretical value.
Sixthly, the vanadium content in the fine-grained permanent magnetic concentrate is low, the extraction value is not high, and meanwhile, the quality influence on the titanium concentrate is avoided.
The spiral flow can be realized by adopting a spiral chute, and the spiral chute has the working characteristic that the tail end in the chute is respectively intercepted by fine tailings, medium tailings and tailings. The spiral groove is a main body part of the equipment and is formed by connecting spiral sheets made of glass fiber reinforced plastics by bolts. The inner surface of the spiral groove is coated with a wear-resistant lining, usually polyurethane wear-resistant glue or epoxy resin doped with artificial silicon carbide. And pasting the spiral groove body, and simultaneously carrying a wear-resistant layer containing pyroxene powder on the inner surface of the spiral groove body. An ore separator and an ore feeding groove are arranged above the spiral groove; the lower part is provided with a product interceptor and an ore receiving groove. The whole equipment is vertically erected by channel steel.
The typical spiral chute consists of six parts, namely an ore feeding uniform separator, an ore feeding groove, a spiral groove, a product intercepting groove, an ore receiving hopper and a groove bracket. Taking the spiral chute produced by the cigarette taixin sea plant as an example, the spiral groove consisting of the spiral sheets is a main component. The spiral sheet is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (glass fiber reinforced plastic), and the glass fiber reinforced plastic spiral sheet is connected together by bolts and is light and firm. The head end of the tank is provided with a multi-pipe type ore feeding uniform separator, so that ore separation is uniform, and control is simple and convenient. After the mineral powder is added with a proper amount of water, the evenly divided mineral pulp is slowly fed onto the surface of the spiral groove through the feeding oranges. The tail end of the spiral groove is provided with a valve block type product intercepting groove, and the separated ore flow is divided into a plurality of products according to the grade. The position of the valve block is adjusted to change the cut width of each product. The ore receiving hopper is a concentric annular cylinder, and a plurality of intercepted ore flows are respectively collected and led out according to products.
S5, roughly selecting the ores subjected to ore classification through the spiral chute, finely selecting the roughly selected ores, and magnetically selecting the finely selected ores for the third time to obtain titanium concentrate powder.
The roughing usually adopts a gravity separation or flotation method to discard a large amount of tailings and remove slime to obtain rough concentrate, the discarding of tailings can reduce the ore amount entering a concentration stage, the mineral processing capacity is improved, the mineral processing cost is reduced, and the desliming can reduce the influence of the slime on a subsequent separation process.
The roughing can adopt a permanent magnet full flow, and a heavy-magnetic combined roughing process flow which takes a cast iron spiral, a spiral chute, an SHP type permanent magnet separator and the like as main equipment, the permanent magnet separator can better recover fine-grained ilmenite, and the grade of electrically-separated tailings is high.
The gravity separation operation can adopt a GL spiral full flow (GL spiral-coarse grinding-flotation-electric separation flow), the full-grain-level separation is realized, the electric separation production is normal, the yield and the recovery rate of concentrate are high, and a certain desliming effect is realized.
The rough separation refers to the operation of preliminary separation of selected mineral raw materials during mineral separation. The roughed product is not qualified product, and the sorting is required to be carried out continuously.
And in the fine separation, in order to improve the content of useful components of the rough concentrate and enable the rough concentrate to meet the industrial quality requirement, the rough concentrate is further subjected to enrichment separation operation.
During ore dressing, the sorting operation for further recovering useful components from the rough tailings is called scavenging.
To further improve ore recovery, in step S5, ore that has not passed through beneficiation is returned to the spiral chute for re-ore separation and subsequent step S5.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the ore that has not passed through the roughing is first scavenged, the ore that has passed through the first scavenging is concentrated, and the ore that has not passed through the first scavenging is continued to be second scavenged, and the ore that has passed through the second scavenging is titanium middlings. By the treatment mode, the titanium ore powder can be further obtained. Ore that has not passed the second pass may also be re-fed to the first sweep.
By adopting the method for extracting the titanium concentrate and the iron concentrate by utilizing the ilmenite tailings, the titanium concentrate and the iron concentrate can be simultaneously extracted from the tailings, the ore utilization rate is improved by further processing the tailings, the tailing discharge amount is reduced, and the method has obvious economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, wherein the preferred embodiments are not obviously contradictory or subject to any particular embodiment, and any combination of the preferred embodiments may be combined in any overlapping manner, and the specific parameters in the embodiments and examples are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the inventor's invention verification process and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims and the equivalent structural changes made by the description and drawings of the present invention are also intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for extracting titanium concentrate and iron concentrate by using ilmenite tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing first ball milling separation after feeding to enable the particle size of the ore to be below 0.3 mm, and performing first magnetic separation after finishing the first ball milling separation;
s2, after the first magnetic separation, performing second ball milling separation on the magnetically separated ores to enable the particle size of the ores to reach 0.15-0.25 mm, and performing second magnetic separation; obtaining iron concentrate powder through second magnetic separation;
s3, delivering tailings which do not pass through the first magnetic separation and the second magnetic separation into a drum screen, and separating ores with larger particle sizes and sands with smaller particle sizes in the tailings;
s4, feeding the separated ore into a permanent magnet machine, magnetizing and adsorbing the ore, and sucking out the magnetized ore; feeding the sucked ore into a spiral flow for ore classification;
s5, roughly selecting the ore after ore sand separation, finely selecting the ore after rough selection, and magnetically selecting the finely selected ore for the third time to obtain the titanium concentrate powder.
2. The method for extracting ilmenite concentrate and iron concentrate from ilmenite tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the ore that has not passed through concentration is returned to the spiral chute for ore separation and subsequent step S5.
3. The method for extracting ilmenite concentrates and iron concentrates using ilmenite tailings of claim 1, wherein in step S5, the ore that has not passed through the roughing is subjected to a first scavenging, the concentration is performed by the ore that has passed through the first scavenging, and the ore that has not passed through the first scavenging is continued to be subjected to a second scavenging, and the ore that has passed through the second scavenging is ilmenite powder.
4. A process for the extraction of titanium and iron concentrates from ilmenite tailings as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the ore that has not passed the second scavenging is re-fed to the first scavenging.
5. The method for extracting ilmenite concentrate and iron concentrate using ilmenite tailings of claim 1, wherein the spiral flow in the step S4 is implemented using a spiral chute.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1117766A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1982-02-09 | Jose Marcio Jardim Paixao | Process for beneficiation of titanium ores |
| CN102166542A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-08-31 | 四川龙蟒矿冶有限责任公司 | Beneficiation method for comprehensively utilizing low-grade lean ore and external ore of vanadium titano-magnetite |
| CN103433127A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-11 | 攀钢集团矿业有限公司 | Recycling process for ultrafine grained titanium iron ore in medicated chosen ilmenite tailings |
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2020
- 2020-09-21 CN CN202010992110.6A patent/CN112295727A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| CN110038716A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-23 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Vanadium titano-magnetite tailing recycles technique |
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Application publication date: 20210202 |