CN112290567A - Three-phase power quality compensation device and method based on half-bridge converter - Google Patents
Three-phase power quality compensation device and method based on half-bridge converter Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase power quality compensation device and method based on a half-bridge converter, wherein the device comprises a power gridElectric networkElectric networkLoad, and method of operating the sameLoad, and method of operating the sameLoad, and method of operating the sameFilter inductorFilter inductorCurrent sensorAnd a support capacitorSwitch tubeAnd anti-parallel diode(ii) a Support capacitorSwitch tubeAnd anti-parallel diodeForming a half-bridge converter. The invention adopts single-phase half-bridge back-to-back topology, reduces the number of switching tubes and current sensors and detects the three-phase load current in real time. The three-phase power quality compensation method of the invention adoptsThe active component and reactive component reference values of the compensation current under the online voltage reference system are obtained through transformation and cross transformation, dq decoupling control is carried out on the compensation current under a rotating coordinate system, and no static error of current tracking can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric energy compensation devices, and particularly relates to a three-phase electric energy quality compensation device and method based on a half-bridge converter.
Background
At present, most civil loads in a low-voltage distribution network in China are mainly single-phase loads, and due to randomness and fluctuation of power consumption of users, the problems of three-phase imbalance and reduction of power factors of the distribution network often occur. Imbalance of the three-phase system can cause the voltage and the current to contain a large amount of negative sequence and zero sequence components, and normal operation of electrical equipment is influenced. A reduction in power factor results in less capacity utilization of the equipment, increased line current, and increased losses. The current scheme of three-phase power quality compensation mainly comprises switching parallel capacitors and using a three-phase active power filter. The scheme of switching the capacitor is cheap, the principle is simple, but the reactive power can not be accurately compensated, the dynamic compensation can not be realized, and when the system has harmonic waves, parallel resonance can also occur. The three-phase active power filter generates specific compensation current through an internal inverter, and feeds the compensation current into a power grid to offset unbalanced current and reactive current on the side of the power grid. However, the three-phase active power filter needs to use more switching devices and current sensors, so that the cost is high, and because the target compensation current is an alternating current signal, a steady-state error occurs when transient current control is adopted, and good current tracking performance is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of three-phase power quality compensation and provides a three-phase power quality compensation device and method based on a half-bridge converter.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a three-phase power quality compensation device based on a half-bridge converter comprises a power gridElectric networkElectric networkLoad, and method of operating the sameLoad, and method of operating the sameLoad, and method of operating the sameFilter inductorFilter inductorCurrent sensorAnd a support capacitorSwitch tubeAnd anti-parallel diode;
Electric networkRespectively with the filter inductorAnd a current sensorIs connected with one end of the grid, and the negative electrode of the grid is respectively connected with the gridNegative pole and electric networkThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; electric networkRespectively with the filter inductorAnd a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; electric networkPositive electrode and current sensorIs connected with one end of the supporting capacitor, and the connection point of the supporting capacitor is connected with the supporting capacitorAnd a supporting capacitorIs connected with the connecting point connected with one end of the connecting rod; current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; load(s)Respectively with the other end of the loadAnother end and a loadThe other end of the first and second connecting rods is connected; filter inductorAnother terminal and a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; filter inductorAnother terminal and a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; current sensorThe other end of the switch tube is respectively connected with the switch tubeEmitter, anti-parallel diodeAnode and switch tubeCollector and anti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; switch tubeRespectively with anti-parallel diodesNegative electrode and supporting capacitorAnother end of (1), a switch tubeCollector and anti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; current sensorThe other end of the switch tube is respectively connected with the switch tubeEmitter, anti-parallel diodeAnode and switch tubeCollector and anti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; switch tubeRespectively with anti-parallel diodesPositive electrode and supporting capacitorAnother end of (1), a switch tubeEmitter and anti-parallel diodeThe positive electrode of (1) is connected;
support capacitorSwitch tubeAnd anti-parallel diodeForming a half-bridge converter; load(s)Load, and method of operating the sameAnd a loadForming an unbalanced load;
current sensorAre all used for measuring load current, current sensorAndfor measuring the compensation currents of the a-phase and the B-phase, respectively.
Based on the system, the invention also provides a three-phase power quality compensation method based on the half-bridge converter, which comprises the following steps:
s1: locking the phase of the network side voltage by using a phase-locked loop, and acquiring the phase of the three-phase network side voltage;
s2: according to the phase of the three-phase network side voltage, performing rotation coordinate conversion on the A-phase network side voltage, the three-phase load current and the compensation current to obtain an active component and a reactive component of the A-phase network side voltage, an active component and a reactive component of the three-phase load current and an active component and a reactive component of the compensation current;
s3: the active component and the reactive component of the three-phase load current, the active component and the reactive component of the compensating current and the active current for maintaining the stability of the direct current voltage are carried outConverting to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current under a phase voltage reference system;
s4: performing cross transformation on an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in a phase voltage reference system to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in a line voltage reference system;
s5: according to the active component and the reactive component of the A-phase network side voltage, carrying out dq decoupling control on the active component and the reactive component of the compensation current and an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in an online voltage reference system to obtain the active component and the reactive component of a modulation signal of a half-bridge converter;
s6: carrying out inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter to obtain the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter;
s7: and performing PWM modulation on the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter to obtain a driving signal of a switching tube of the half-bridge converter, and completing three-phase power quality compensation based on the half-bridge converter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the active balance and the reactive power of the three phases are zero, the active component and the reactive component of the network side current meet the expression of the step S2; to maintain the capacitance at the DC sideVoltage is stable, the closed-loop output of the direct-current side capacitor voltage is required to be used as active current for dynamic adjustment, and the active current is injected into compensation current to obtain an expression of a voltage ring; according to kirchhoff's current law and the condition that three-phase balance and reactive power are zeroAnd (6) transforming. In the three-phase three-wire system circuit, the C-phase compensation current is the opposite number of the sum of the A-phase compensation current and the B-phase compensation current, so that only the A-phase compensation current and the B-phase compensation current need to be controlled, when the A-phase compensation current and the B-phase compensation current meet the formula in the step S32, the three-phase network side current is in a balanced state, and the power factor is 1; because the converter is connected with the network side line voltage, the compensation current is injected into the network side phase current, and 30-degree phase angle difference exists between phase lines, angle conversion is needed; the active component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the compensation current in the line voltage reference system are also actual compensation current reference values in the control system.
The invention provides a three-phase power quality compensation device based on a half-bridge converter, which adopts a single-phase half-bridge back-to-back topology, reduces the quantity of switching tubes and current sensors, detects three-phase load current in real time, and compared with the traditional parallel capacitor, the three-phase power quality compensation device can dynamically compensate reactive power, can also dynamically compensate active power imbalance and is not easy to generate resonance. Compared with the traditional three-phase active power filter, the three-phase active power filter has the advantages that two switching tubes and one current sensor can be reduced, the cost is reduced, and the economy is high. The three-phase power quality compensation method of the invention adoptsThe active component and reactive component reference values of the compensation current under the online voltage reference system are obtained through transformation and cross transformation, dq decoupling control is performed on the compensation current under a rotating coordinate system, no static error can be realized in current tracking, good current tracking performance is achieved, three-phase imbalance and reactive dynamic compensation are realized, the method can be applied to diode clamping multilevel topology and Modular Multilevel (MMC) topology, and the method has strong applicability and ductility.
Further, in step S2, the formula for performing the rotation coordinate conversion on the a-phase grid-side voltage is:
the formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the A-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the a-phase grid side voltage,the reactive component of the A phase network side voltage is shown, a second-order transformation matrix for performing rotation coordinate transformation on the A phase network side voltage is a P matrix,the voltage on the a-phase network side is shown,a virtual voltage representing a phase lag from the a-phase grid side voltage,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,the active component of the a-phase compensation current is represented,denotes A phase compensationThe reactive component of the current is the reactive component of the current,which represents the load current of the a-phase,representing a virtual current with a phase lagging the a-phase load ac,the a-phase compensation current is shown,a virtual current representing a phase lag from the a-phase compensation current,representing the grid angular frequency, t representing time;
the formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the B-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase load current,the active component of the B-phase compensation current is represented,representing the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current,indicates that phase B is negativeThe current of the load is carried by the load,representing a virtual current with a phase lagging the B-phase load ac,the B-phase compensation current is shown,a virtual current representing a phase lag from the B-phase compensation current;
formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the C-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase compensation current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase compensation current,which represents the C-phase load current,representing a virtual current with a phase lagging the C-phase load ac,represents a C phaseThe current is compensated for in such a way that,representing a virtual current that lags in phase the C-phase compensation current.
Further, in step S2, the real component and the reactive component of the three-phase grid-side current satisfy the expression:
wherein,a reference value representing the active component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing an active component of the B-phase grid-side current,a reference value representing the active component of the C-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the B-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the C-phase grid side current,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,representing the real component of the C-phase load current.
Further, step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s31: injecting the closed-loop output of the DC side capacitor voltage into the compensation current to obtain the active current for maintaining the DC voltage stable;
S32: for active and reactive components of three-phase load current, active and reactive components of compensating current and active current for maintaining stable DC voltageTo carry outAnd transforming to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current under the phase voltage reference system.
Further, in step S31, the active current for maintaining the dc voltage stableThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, S represents a complex frequency,a first control parameter indicative of the voltage loop,a second control parameter indicative of the voltage loop,parameter representing DC side voltageThe value of the reference is determined by the reference,indicating the dc side voltage.
Further, in step S32, the active component and the reactive component of the a-phase load current, the active component and the reactive component of the compensation current, and the active current for maintaining the dc voltage stable are comparedTo carry outThe transformation formula is respectively:
for active component and reactive component of B-phase load current, active component and reactive component of compensation current and active current for maintaining stable DC voltageTo carry outThe transformation formula is respectively:
wherein,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,a reactive component representing a B-phase load current;
in step S32, according to kirchhoff' S current law, the expressions that the real component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the grid-side current, the real component and the reactive component of the load current, and the real component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the compensation current satisfy under the phase voltage reference system are:
wherein,represents the A phase network sideThe reference value of the active component of the current,a reference value representing an active component of the B-phase grid-side current,a reference value representing the active component of the C-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the B-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the C-phase grid side current,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase load current,the active component reference value of the C-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,and the reactive component reference value of the C-phase compensation current under a phase voltage reference system is shown.
Further, the formulas for performing cross transformation on the active component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the a-phase compensation current in the phase voltage reference system are respectively as follows:
the formulas for performing cross transformation on the active component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the B-phase compensation current in the phase voltage reference system are respectively as follows:
wherein,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current in a line voltage reference system is shown,is represented by AThe active component reference value of the phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,and the reactive component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a phase voltage reference system is shown.
Further, in step S5, the formula for dq decoupling control on phase a is:
the formula for dq decoupling control of phase B is as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the real component of the B-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the B-phase modulated signal,a third control parameter representing a current loop,a fourth control parameter representing a current loop,representing the real component of the a-phase grid side voltage,representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side voltage, S the complex frequency,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current in a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component of the a-phase compensation current is represented,the active component of the B-phase compensation current is represented,representing the reactive component of the a-phase compensation current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current,which represents the angular frequency of the power grid,the a-phase filter inductance is shown,representing the B-phase filter inductance.
Further, the formula for performing inverse rotational coordinate transformation on the active component and the reactive component of the a-phase modulation signal is as follows:
the formula for performing inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the B-phase modulation signal is as follows:
wherein,represents the modulation signal of the A-phase switch tube,represents the modulation signal of the B-phase switch tube,a virtual signal representing the constructed hysteretic a-phase switch tube modulated signal,a virtual signal representing the constructed hysteretic B-phase switch tube modulation signal,representing the real component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the real component of the B-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the B-phase modulated signal,a second-order transformation matrix representing the angular frequency of the power grid, t representing time, and performing inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter isAnd (4) matrix.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a three-phase power quality compensating apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a three-phase power quality compensation method;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a grid side voltage waveform and three phase grid side current waveforms before and after compensation.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a three-phase power quality compensation based on a half-bridge converter, which comprises a power gridElectric networkElectric networkLoad, and method of operating the sameLoad, and method of operating the sameLoad, and method of operating the sameFilter inductorFilter inductorCurrent sensorAnd a support capacitorSwitch tubeAnd anti-parallel diode;
Electric networkRespectively with the filter inductorAnd a current sensorIs connected with one end of the grid, and the negative electrode of the grid is respectively connected with the gridNegative pole and electric networkThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; electric networkRespectively with the filter inductorAnd a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; electric networkPositive electrode and current sensorIs connected with one end of the supporting capacitor, and the connection point of the supporting capacitor is connected with the supporting capacitorAnd a supporting capacitorIs connected with the connecting point connected with one end of the connecting rod; current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; load(s)Respectively with the other end of the loadAnother end and a loadThe other end of the first and second connecting rods is connected; filter inductorAnother terminal and a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; filter inductorAnother terminal and a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; current sensorThe other end of the switch tube is respectively connected with the switch tubeEmitter, anti-parallel diodeAnode and switch tubeCollector and anti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; switch tubeRespectively with anti-parallel diodesNegative electrode and supporting capacitorAnother end of (1), a switch tubeCollector and anti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; current sensorThe other end of the switch tube is respectively connected with the switch tubeEmitter, anti-parallel diodeAnode and switch tubeCollector and anti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; switch tubeRespectively with anti-parallel diodesPositive electrode and supporting capacitorAnother end of (1), a switch tubeEmitter and anti-parallel diodeThe positive electrode of (1) is connected;
support capacitorSwitch tubeAnd anti-parallel diodeForming a half-bridge converter; load(s)Load, and method of operating the sameAnd a loadForming an unbalanced load;
current sensorAre all used for measuring load current, current sensorAndfor measuring the compensation currents of the a-phase and the B-phase, respectively.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 1,point is electric networkPositive electrode and current sensorAnd a phase filter inductorOutput terminal connectionPoint;point is electric networkPositive electrode and current sensorAnd a B-phase filter inductorOutput terminal connectionPoint;point is electric networkPositive electrode and current sensorAnd the DC side upper and lower support capacitorsIs connected toAnd (4) point.
Based on the above system, the present invention further provides a three-phase power quality compensation method based on a half-bridge converter, as shown in fig. 2, including the following steps:
s1: locking the phase of the network side voltage by using a phase-locked loop, and acquiring the phase of the three-phase network side voltage;
s2: according to the phase of the three-phase network side voltage, performing rotation coordinate conversion on the A-phase network side voltage, the three-phase load current and the compensation current to obtain an active component and a reactive component of the A-phase network side voltage, an active component and a reactive component of the three-phase load current and an active component and a reactive component of the compensation current;
s3: the active component and the reactive component of the three-phase load current, the active component and the reactive component of the compensating current and the active current for maintaining the stability of the direct current voltage are carried outConverting to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current under a phase voltage reference system;
s4: performing cross transformation on an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in a phase voltage reference system to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in a line voltage reference system;
s5: according to the active component and the reactive component of the A-phase network side voltage, carrying out dq decoupling control on the active component and the reactive component of the compensation current and an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in an online voltage reference system to obtain the active component and the reactive component of a modulation signal of a half-bridge converter;
s6: carrying out inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter to obtain the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter;
s7: and performing PWM modulation on the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter to obtain a driving signal of a switching tube of the half-bridge converter, and completing three-phase power quality compensation based on the half-bridge converter.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S2, the formula for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the a-phase grid-side voltage is as follows:
the formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the A-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the a-phase grid side voltage,the reactive component of the A phase network side voltage is shown, a second-order transformation matrix for performing rotation coordinate transformation on the A phase network side voltage is a P matrix,the voltage on the a-phase network side is shown,a virtual voltage representing a phase lag from the a-phase grid side voltage,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,representing the active component of the A-phase compensation current,Representing the reactive component of the a-phase compensation current,which represents the load current of the a-phase,representing a virtual current with a phase lagging the a-phase load ac,the a-phase compensation current is shown,a virtual current representing a phase lag from the a-phase compensation current,representing the grid angular frequency, t representing time;
the formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the B-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase load current,the active component of the B-phase compensation current is represented,reactive for representing B-phase compensation currentThe components of the first and second images are,which represents the load current of the B-phase,representing a virtual current with a phase lagging the B-phase load ac,the B-phase compensation current is shown,a virtual current representing a phase lag from the B-phase compensation current;
formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the C-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase compensation current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase compensation current,which represents the C-phase load current,indicating phase lag behind C-phase load ACThe virtual current of (a) is calculated,which represents the compensation current of the C-phase,representing a virtual current that lags in phase the C-phase compensation current.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S2, the real component and the reactive component of the three-phase grid-side current satisfy the following expression:
wherein,a reference value representing the active component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing an active component of the B-phase grid-side current,a reference value representing the active component of the C-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the B-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the C-phase grid side current,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,representing the real component of the C-phase load current.
In the invention, when the active balance and the reactive of the three phases are zero, the active component and the reactive component of the network side current meet the expression.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s31: injecting the closed-loop output of the DC side capacitor voltage into the compensation current to obtain the active current for maintaining the DC voltage stable;
S32: for active and reactive components of three-phase load current, active and reactive components of compensating current and active current for maintaining stable DC voltageTo carry outAnd transforming to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current under the phase voltage reference system.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S31, the active current for maintaining the dc voltage stable isThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, S represents a complex frequency,a first control parameter indicative of the voltage loop,a second control parameter indicative of the voltage loop,a reference value representing the voltage on the dc side,indicating the dc side voltage.
In order to maintain the stability of the dc-side capacitor voltage, the closed-loop output of the dc-side capacitor voltage needs to be injected into the compensation current as an active current for dynamic adjustment, so as to obtain an expression of the voltage loop.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S32, the active component and the reactive component of the a-phase load current, the active component and the reactive component of the compensation current and the active current for maintaining the dc voltage stable are comparedTo carry outThe transformation formula is respectively:
for active component and reactive component of B-phase load current, active component and reactive component of compensation current and active current for maintaining stable DC voltageTo carry outThe transformation formula is respectively:
wherein,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,a reactive component representing a B-phase load current;
in step S32, according to kirchhoff' S current law, the expressions that the real component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the grid-side current, the real component and the reactive component of the load current, and the real component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the compensation current satisfy in the phase voltage reference system are:
wherein,a reference value representing the active component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing an active component of the B-phase grid-side current,a reference value representing the active component of the C-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the B-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the C-phase grid side current,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase load current,the active component reference value of the C-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,and the reactive component reference value of the C-phase compensation current under a phase voltage reference system is shown.
In the invention, the method is carried out according to kirchhoff current law and the conditions of three-phase balance and zero reactive powerAnd (6) transforming. In the three-phase three-wire system circuit, the C-phase compensation current is the opposite number of the sum of the A-phase compensation current and the B-phase compensation current, so that only the A-phase compensation current and the B-phase compensation current need to be controlled. When the a-phase and B-phase compensation currents satisfy the formula in step S32, the three-phase grid-side currents will be in a balanced state, and the power factor is 1. The relation between the reference value of the active and reactive components of the compensation current under the phase voltage reference system and the active and reactive components of the load current and the active current for maintaining the stability of the direct current voltage is expressed as a four-row six-column matrix multiplication operation which is called asAnd transforming, wherein the expression is as follows:
in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S4, the formulas for performing cross transformation on the active component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the a-phase compensation current in the phase voltage reference system are respectively:
the formulas for performing cross transformation on the active component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the B-phase compensation current in the phase voltage reference system are respectively as follows:
wherein,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current in a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,denotes A phase compensationThe reactive component reference value of the current under the phase voltage reference system,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,and the reactive component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a phase voltage reference system is shown.
In the invention, because the converter is connected with the network side line voltage, the compensation current is injected into the network side phase current, and the phase angle difference of 30 degrees exists between the phase lines, the angle conversion is needed. The active component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the compensation current in the line voltage reference system are also actual compensation current reference values in the control system.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S5, the formula for dq decoupling control on phase a is as follows:
the formula for dq decoupling control of phase B is as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the real component of the B-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the B-phase modulated signal,a third control parameter representing a current loop,a fourth control parameter representing a current loop,representing the real component of the a-phase grid side voltage,representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side voltage, S the complex frequency,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current in a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component of the a-phase compensation current is represented,the active component of the B-phase compensation current is represented,representing the reactive component of the a-phase compensation current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current,which represents the angular frequency of the power grid,the a-phase filter inductance is shown,representing the B-phase filter inductance.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S6, the formula for performing inverse rotation coordinate transformation on the active component and the reactive component of the a-phase modulation signal is as follows:
the formula for performing inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the B-phase modulation signal is as follows:
wherein,represents the modulation signal of the A-phase switch tube,represents the modulation signal of the B-phase switch tube,a virtual signal representing the constructed hysteretic a-phase switch tube modulated signal,a virtual signal representing the constructed hysteretic B-phase switch tube modulation signal,representing the real component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the real component of the B-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the B-phase modulated signal,a second-order transformation matrix representing the angular frequency of the power grid, t representing time, and performing inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter isAnd (4) matrix.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, the voltage waveform of the grid side and the current waveforms of the three-phase grid side before and after compensation are shown, the unbalance degree before compensation is 67.50%, the power factor is 0.8090, the unbalance degree after compensation is 2.63%, and the power factor is 0.9999, and the result shows that the three-phase power quality compensation device can effectively improve the three-phase unbalance and the power factor.
The working principle and the process of the invention are as follows: in the present invention, the sum of the current generated by the half-bridge converter and the current of the unbalanced load is balanced, so that the current of the three-phase network is balanced, and therefore, the half-bridge converter is a compensation device for compensating the unbalanced current caused by the unbalanced load. The three-phase power quality compensation device based on the half-bridge converter needs four switching tubes and five current sensors, and is compared with a three-phase active power filterTwo switching tubes, one current sensor, can be reduced. And performing phase locking on the three-phase network side voltage by using a phase-locked loop to obtain the phase of the three-phase network side voltage, acquiring the A-phase network side voltage, the three-phase load current and the two-phase compensation current, and performing rotation coordinate transformation to obtain the active component and the reactive component of the A-phase network side voltage, the three-phase load current and the two-phase compensation current. According to the conditions that the three-phase network side is balanced and the reactive power is zero and the direct current voltage is maintained to be stable, the active component and the reactive component of the load current and the active current for maintaining the direct current voltage to be stable are carried outConverting to obtain an active component and a reactive component of the compensation current under a phase voltage reference system, because the output end of the converter is connected with a three-phase network side line voltage, and a reference phase of the rotating coordinate conversion is the phase of the phase voltage, and an angle difference exists between the two phases, reactive power is introduced under the line voltage reference system, therefore, the reference value of the compensation current needs to be subjected to cross conversion, a certain reactive component is injected into the reference value of the active component of the compensation current, a certain active component is injected into the reference value of the reactive component of the compensation current to obtain the active component and the reactive component of the compensation current under the line voltage reference system, dq decoupling control is carried out on the active component and the reactive component of the compensation current under the line voltage reference system to obtain the active component and the reactive component of the modulation signal, the modulation signal of the converter is obtained through inverse conversion of the rotating coordinate, and obtaining a driving signal of the switching tube.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a three-phase power quality compensation device based on a half-bridge converter, which adopts a single-phase half-bridge back-to-back topology, reduces the quantity of switching tubes and current sensors, detects three-phase load current in real time, and compared with the traditional parallel capacitor, the three-phase power quality compensation device can dynamically compensate reactive power, can also dynamically compensate active power imbalance and is not easy to generate resonance. Compared with the traditional three-phase active power filter, the three-phase active power filter has the advantages that two switching tubes and one current sensor can be reduced, the cost is reduced, and the economy is high.
The three-phase power quality compensation method of the invention adoptsThe active component and reactive component reference values of the compensation current under the online voltage reference system are obtained through transformation and cross transformation, dq decoupling control is performed on the compensation current under a rotating coordinate system, no static error can be realized in current tracking, good current tracking performance is achieved, three-phase imbalance and reactive dynamic compensation are realized, the method can be applied to diode clamping multilevel topology and Modular Multilevel (MMC) topology, and the method has strong applicability and ductility.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A three-phase power quality compensation device based on a half-bridge converter is characterized by comprising a power gridElectric networkElectric networkLoad, and method of operating the sameLoad, and method of operating the sameLoad, and method of operating the sameFilter inductorFilter inductorCurrent sensorAnd a support capacitorSwitch tubeAnd anti-parallel diode;
The power gridRespectively with the filter inductorAnd a current sensorIs connected with one end of the grid, and the negative electrode of the grid is respectively connected with the gridNegative pole and electric networkThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; the power gridRespectively with the filter inductorAnd a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the power gridPositive electrode and current sensorIs connected with one end of the supporting capacitor, and the connection point of the supporting capacitor is connected with the supporting capacitorAnd a supporting capacitorIs connected with the connecting point connected with one end of the connecting rod; the current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the current sensorAnother end and a loadIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the loadRespectively with the other end of the loadAnother end and a loadThe other end of the first and second connecting rods is connected; the filter inductorAnother terminal and a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the filter inductorAnother terminal and a current sensorIs connected with one end of the connecting rod; the current sensorThe other end of the switch tube is respectively connected with the switch tubeEmitter, anti-parallel diodeAnode and switch tubeCollector electrode andanti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; the switch tubeRespectively with anti-parallel diodesNegative electrode and supporting capacitorAnother end of (1), a switch tubeCollector and anti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; the current sensorThe other end of the switch tube is respectively connected with the switch tubeEmitter, anti-parallel diodeAnode and switch tubeCollector and anti-parallel diodeThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; the switch tubeRespectively with anti-parallel diodesPositive electrode and supporting capacitorAnother end of (1), a switch tubeEmitter and anti-parallel diodeThe positive electrode of (1) is connected;
the support capacitorSwitch tubeAnd anti-parallel diodeForming a half-bridge converter; the loadLoad, and method of operating the sameAnd a loadForming an unbalanced load;
2. A three-phase power quality compensation method based on a half-bridge converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: locking the phase of the network side voltage by using a phase-locked loop, and acquiring the phase of the three-phase network side voltage;
s2: according to the phase of the three-phase network side voltage, performing rotation coordinate conversion on the A-phase network side voltage, the three-phase load current and the compensation current to obtain an active component and a reactive component of the A-phase network side voltage, an active component and a reactive component of the three-phase load current and an active component and a reactive component of the compensation current;
s3: the active component and the reactive component of the three-phase load current, the active component and the reactive component of the compensating current and the active current for maintaining the stability of the direct current voltage are carried outConverting to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current under a phase voltage reference system;
s4: performing cross transformation on an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in a phase voltage reference system to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in a line voltage reference system;
s5: according to the active component and the reactive component of the A-phase network side voltage, carrying out dq decoupling control on the active component and the reactive component of the compensation current and an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current in an online voltage reference system to obtain the active component and the reactive component of a modulation signal of a half-bridge converter;
s6: carrying out inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter to obtain the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter;
s7: and performing PWM modulation on the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter to obtain a driving signal of a switching tube of the half-bridge converter, and completing three-phase power quality compensation based on the half-bridge converter.
3. The half-bridge converter based three-phase power quality compensation method of claim 2, wherein in step S2, the formula for performing the rotating coordinate transformation on the a-phase grid side voltage is:
the formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the A-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the a-phase grid side voltage,the reactive component of the A phase network side voltage is shown, a second-order transformation matrix for performing rotation coordinate transformation on the A phase network side voltage is a P matrix,the voltage on the a-phase network side is shown,a virtual voltage representing a phase lag from the a-phase grid side voltage,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,the active component of the a-phase compensation current is represented,representing the reactive component of the a-phase compensation current,which represents the load current of the a-phase,representing a virtual current with a phase lagging the a-phase load ac,the a-phase compensation current is shown,a virtual current representing a phase lag from the a-phase compensation current,representing the grid angular frequency, t representing time;
the formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the B-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase load current,the active component of the B-phase compensation current is represented,representing the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current,which represents the load current of the B-phase,representing a virtual current with a phase lagging the B-phase load ac,the B-phase compensation current is shown,a virtual current representing a phase lag from the B-phase compensation current;
formulas for performing rotation coordinate conversion on the C-phase load current and the compensation current are respectively as follows:
wherein,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase compensation current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase compensation current,which represents the C-phase load current,representing a virtual current with a phase lagging the C-phase load ac,which represents the compensation current of the C-phase,representing a virtual current that lags in phase the C-phase compensation current.
4. The half-bridge converter based three-phase power quality compensation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the real component and the reactive component of the three-phase grid side current satisfy the following expression:
wherein,a reference value representing the active component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing an active component of the B-phase grid-side current,a reference value representing the active component of the C-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the B-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the C-phase grid side current,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,representing the real component of the C-phase load current.
5. The half-bridge converter based three-phase power quality compensation method according to claim 2, wherein the step S3 comprises the following sub-steps:
s31: injecting the closed-loop output of the DC side capacitor voltage into the compensation current to obtain the active current for maintaining the DC voltage stable;
S32: for active and reactive components of three-phase load current, active and reactive components of compensating current and active current for maintaining stable DC voltageTo carry outAnd transforming to obtain an active component reference value and a reactive component reference value of the compensation current under the phase voltage reference system.
6. The half-bridge converter based three-phase power quality compensation method of claim 5, wherein in the step S31, the active current for maintaining the DC voltage stable is obtainedThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
7. The half-bridge converter based three-phase power quality compensation method of claim 5, wherein in step S32, the active and reactive components of the A-phase load current, the active and reactive components of the compensation current and the active current for maintaining the DC voltage stable are treatedTo carry outThe transformation formula is respectively:
for active component and reactive component of B-phase load current, active component and reactive component of compensation current and active current for maintaining stable DC voltageTo carry outThe transformation formula is respectively:
wherein,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,a reactive component representing a B-phase load current;
in step S32, according to kirchhoff' S current law, the expressions that the real component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the grid-side current, the real component and the reactive component of the load current, and the real component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the compensation current satisfy under the phase voltage reference system are:
wherein,a reference value representing the active component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing an active component of the B-phase grid-side current,a reference value representing the active component of the C-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the B-phase network side current,a reference value representing the reactive component of the C-phase grid side current,representing the real component of the a-phase load current,representing the real component of the B-phase load current,represents the real component of the C-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the a-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase load current,representing the reactive component of the C-phase load current,the active component reference value of the C-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,and the reactive component reference value of the C-phase compensation current under a phase voltage reference system is shown.
8. The half-bridge converter based three-phase power quality compensation method of claim 2, wherein in step S4, the formulas for cross-converting the real component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the a-phase compensation current in the phase voltage reference system are respectively:
the formulas for performing cross transformation on the active component reference value and the reactive component reference value of the B-phase compensation current in the phase voltage reference system are respectively as follows:
wherein,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current in a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under the phase voltage reference system is shown,and the reactive component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a phase voltage reference system is shown.
9. The half-bridge converter based three-phase power quality compensation method of claim 2, wherein in step S5, the formula for dq decoupling control of the a phase is as follows:
the formula for dq decoupling control of phase B is as follows:
wherein,representing the real component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the real component of the B-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the B-phase modulated signal,a third control parameter representing a current loop,a fourth control parameter representing a current loop,representing the real component of the a-phase grid side voltage,representing the reactive component of the a-phase grid side voltage, S the complex frequency,the active component reference value of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the active component reference value of the B-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the A-phase compensation current under a line voltage reference system is shown,the reference value of the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current in a line voltage reference system is shown,represents phase AThe active component of the compensation current is,the active component of the B-phase compensation current is represented,representing the reactive component of the a-phase compensation current,representing the reactive component of the B-phase compensation current,which represents the angular frequency of the power grid,the a-phase filter inductance is shown,representing the B-phase filter inductance.
10. The half-bridge converter based three-phase power quality compensation method of claim 2, wherein in step S6, the formula for performing inverse rotational coordinate transformation on the active component and the reactive component of the a-phase modulation signal is as follows:
the formula for performing inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the B-phase modulation signal is as follows:
wherein,represents the modulation signal of the A-phase switch tube,represents the modulation signal of the B-phase switch tube,a virtual signal representing the constructed hysteretic a-phase switch tube modulated signal,a virtual signal representing the constructed hysteretic B-phase switch tube modulation signal,representing the real component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the real component of the B-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the a-phase modulated signal,representing the reactive component of the B-phase modulated signal,a second-order transformation matrix representing the angular frequency of the power grid, t representing time, and performing inverse transformation of the rotation coordinate on the active component and the reactive component of the modulation signal of the half-bridge converter isAnd (4) matrix.
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CN112909947B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-11-18 | 广西水利电力职业技术学院 | Active power balancing method of alternating current-direct current converter |
CN116582006A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-11 | 西南交通大学 | Coordination control method for three-phase-single-phase multi-level converter |
CN116582006B (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2024-03-12 | 西南交通大学 | Coordination control method for three-phase-single-phase multi-level converter |
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