CN112286793A - Automatic generating method of car lamp controller test case based on state machine - Google Patents
Automatic generating method of car lamp controller test case based on state machine Download PDFInfo
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- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
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- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
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- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
- G06F11/3668—Software testing
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a method for automatically generating a test case of a vehicle lamp controller based on a state machine, which abstracts system requirements of the vehicle lamp controller into a finite automatic state machine model by marking all states and trigger events of the vehicle lamp controller by symbols one by one respectively. According to the model, automatically generating a test case of the car lamp controller by a tool; the state flow chart of the car lamp controller is abstracted into a state machine model, all test cases are automatically generated through a tool, the efficiency is high, the labor is saved, errors are not easy to occur, and an effective basis is provided for counting the coverage rate required by the test; the defect that the workload is large and fussy in the process in the prior art is overcome, and careless omission during manual operation is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile lamps, in particular to an automatic generation method of a test case of an automobile lamp controller based on a state machine.
Background
With the wider application of automobile lamp software, the importance of whether the actually realized function of the software can meet the requirement defined by a customer is more and more prominent, and the system test is an essential key link for verifying the functional correctness of the software. The current system test is mainly carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, a tester designs a test case according to the system requirements of the car lamp controller to cover the functions of the system as much as possible. The test case mainly comprises preconditions, test steps, expected results and the like.
And secondly, building a test environment of the car lamp product, wherein the test environment comprises a direct-current power supply, a wiring harness, a switch box, a car lamp controller and a car lamp panel. The tester controls the on and off of the car lamp through manually operating the switch box.
And thirdly, executing the test case by the tester according to the detailed steps of the test case. The tester compares the actual state of the car lamp with the expected result in the test case by observing the actual state of the car lamp, and judges whether the test case passes or not.
At present, the software complexity of the automobile lamp is higher and higher, and the following problems can occur:
1. in the process of designing the test cases, a tester needs to manually complete all the test cases, and the process is large in workload, very complicated and easy to make mistakes.
2. The coverage rate of the test requirements consisting of all test cases can not be effectively counted, so that the corresponding test verification is effectively proved to be carried out on all the requirements
In view of the above problems, the automatic generation tool for the test case of the vehicle lamp controller based on the state machine is a key for solving the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for automatically generating a test case of a vehicle light controller based on a state machine, wherein all states and trigger events of the vehicle light controller are respectively marked by symbols one by one, so as to abstract system requirements of the vehicle light controller into a finite automatic state machine model. According to the model, automatically generating a test case of the car lamp controller by a tool; the state flow chart of the car lamp controller is abstracted into a state machine model, all test cases are automatically generated through a tool, the efficiency is high, the labor is saved, errors are not easy to occur, and an effective basis is provided for counting the coverage rate required by the test; the defect that the workload of the process is large and tedious in the prior art is overcome, careless omission during manual operation is avoided, and the problem in the background art is solved.
The invention aims to provide a method for automatically generating a test case of a vehicle lamp controller based on a state machine, which marks all states and trigger events of the vehicle lamp controller one by using symbols respectively, so that the system requirements of the vehicle lamp controller are abstracted into a finite automatic state machine model, and the test case of the vehicle lamp controller is automatically generated by a tool according to the model, so that the method has high efficiency, saves manpower, is not easy to make mistakes, and provides an effective basis for counting the coverage rate of test requirements;
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: modeling a state flow chart according to the function of the vehicle lamp controller;
step two: different states and events in the state flow diagram are replaced by different symbols;
step three: abstract to a finite state machine composed of symbols;
step four: listing all events starting from the state and the next state arriving through the events by taking a single state as a starting point to form a state switching index;
step five: taking a proper state (such as S1) as a starting point, and switching the state according to the state switching index until a repeated state appears to form a test case scene;
step six: traversing and generating all test case scenes;
step seven: in a case scene, an initial state is used as a test premise, an event is used as a test step, and a jumped state is used as an expected test result to form a test case;
step eight: the symbols are represented as different states and events, and become readable test cases.
The further improvement lies in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the customer requirements, modeling the functions to be realized by the vehicle lamp controller into a state flow chart, wherein in a sleep state, after ignition, the vehicle lamp controller enters an awakening state, and the vehicle lamp can be in a closed state or an ignition state; when the vehicle lamp is in the state of awakening and turning off the vehicle lamp, receiving a command of turning on the vehicle lamp and entering a state of turning on the vehicle lamp; when the parallel vehicle lamp closing state is awakened, a vehicle lamp closing command is received, and the vehicle lamp closing state is kept; when the parallel lamps are awakened to be in the lighting state, a lamp turning-off command is received, and the parallel lamps enter the lamp turning-off state; when the parallel lamps are awakened to be in the lighting state, a lamp turning-on command is received, and the lighting state of the lamps is kept; in the awakening state, after flameout, the vehicle lamp controller enters the sleeping state;
step two: replacing the state in step one with a different symbol, wherein S1 represents sleep, S2 represents wake-up and lights are off, and S3 represents wake-up and lights are on;
replacing the event in step one with a different symbol, wherein E1 represents ignition, E2 represents ignition off, E3 represents a lamp turn-off command, and E4 represents a lamp turn-on command;
step three: abstracting the car lamp controller function modeling state flow chart into a finite state machine consisting of the symbols in the step two;
step four: taking a single state as a starting point, enumerating all events starting from the state and the next state arriving through the events to form a state switching index;
wherein:
when the current state is S1, the first case is to toggle to the next state S2 when event E1 occurs; when the current state is S1, the second case is to toggle to the next state S3 when event E1 occurs;
when the current state is S2, when an event E2 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S1; when the current state is S2, when an event E3 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S2; when the current state is S2, when an event E4 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S3;
when the current state is S3, when an event E2 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S1; when the current state is S3, when an event E3 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S2; when the current state is S3, when an event E4 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S3;
step five: with S1 as an initial state, the tool of the invention can switch states (state switching of the states S1, S2 and S3) according to the state switching index until repeated states occur, so as to form a test case scene;
step six: all test case scenes are generated by traversing the tool, and all functional requirements are covered by 100%;
step seven: in a case scene, an initial state is used as a test premise, an event is used as a test step, and a next skipped state is used as an expected test result to form a test case; taking the first test case scenario of the sixth step as an example, the initial state S1 is taken as a test premise, the event E1 is taken as a first step of the test step, the state S2 is taken as an expected test result of the first step, the event E2 is taken as a second step of the test step, and the state S1 is taken as an expected test result of the second step, thereby forming a test case. The description principle of the composition description of other test cases is the same as that of the above example, and is not repeated;
step eight: using states and events instead of symbols, taking the first test case as an example, the test is premised on sleep, the test step is ignition first, the expected result of the first step is to wake up and turn off the lights, the second step is to turn off the lights, and the expected result of the second step is to sleep. The second test case is tested on the premise of sleep, the first step of the test is ignition, the expected result of the first step is a command for waking up and turning off the vehicle lamps, the second step is a command for turning off the vehicle lamps, and the expected result of the second step is waking up and turning off the vehicle lamps. And by analogy, all test cases are obtained by replacing symbols with states and events.
The further improvement lies in that: the tester executes the test cases according to the obtained test cases, ensures that each test case is tested, compares the actual test result with the expected test result, and passes the test if the actual test result is consistent with the expected test result; if the actual test result does not match the expected test result, the test fails and the tester will submit a question in the defect management tool.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention marks all states and trigger events of the vehicle lamp controller by symbols respectively, thereby abstracting the system requirements of the vehicle lamp controller into a finite automatic state machine model. According to the model, a test case of the vehicle lamp controller is automatically generated by the tool.
The state flow chart of the car lamp controller is abstracted into a state machine model, all test cases are automatically generated through a tool, the efficiency is high, the labor is saved, errors are not easy to occur, and an effective basis is provided for counting the coverage rate of test requirements.
According to the invention, in the process of designing the test cases, all the test cases are completed by software generation without manual operation of testers, so that the defects of large workload and complexity in the process in the prior art are overcome, and the accuracy can be improved by the generation of the software; all test case scenes are generated by traversing the tool, all functional requirements can be covered by 100%, and all test case scenes are automatically generated by the tool, so that careless omission during manual operation is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a state flow diagram for generating test cases for the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a finite state machine comprised of symbols used in generating test cases in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for automatically generating a test case of an automotive lamp controller based on a state machine, in which all states and trigger events of the automotive lamp controller are respectively marked by symbols one by one, so that system requirements of the automotive lamp controller are abstracted into a finite automatic state machine model, and according to the model, the test case of the automotive lamp controller is automatically generated by a tool, so that the method is high in efficiency, labor-saving, less prone to error, and provides an effective basis for counting the coverage rate of test requirements;
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the functions that need to be implemented by the vehicle lamp controller are modeled into a state flow diagram according to the customer requirements, as shown in figure 2,
in the sleep state, after ignition, the vehicle lamp controller enters the awakening state, and the vehicle lamp can be in the off state or the lighting state; when the vehicle lamp is in the state of awakening and turning off the vehicle lamp, receiving a command of turning on the vehicle lamp and entering a state of turning on the vehicle lamp; when the parallel vehicle lamp closing state is awakened, a vehicle lamp closing command is received, and the vehicle lamp closing state is kept; when the parallel lamps are awakened to be in the lighting state, a lamp turning-off command is received, and the parallel lamps enter the lamp turning-off state; when the parallel lamps are awakened to be in the lighting state, a lamp turning-on command is received, and the lighting state of the lamps is kept; in the awakening state, after flameout, the vehicle lamp controller enters the sleeping state;
step two: replacing the state in step one with a different symbol, wherein S1 represents sleep, S2 represents wake-up and lights are off, and S3 represents wake-up and lights are on;
replacing the event in step one with a different symbol, wherein E1 represents ignition, E2 represents ignition off, E3 represents a lamp turn-off command, and E4 represents a lamp turn-on command;
step three: abstracting the lamp controller function modeling state flow chart of fig. 2 into a finite state machine which is shown in fig. 3 and consists of the symbols in the step two;
step four: taking a single state as a starting point, enumerating all events starting from the state and the next state arriving through the events to form a state switching index;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the current state is S1, the first case is to toggle to the next state S2 when event E1 occurs; when the current state is S1, the second case is to toggle to the next state S3 when event E1 occurs;
when the current state is S2, when an event E2 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S1; when the current state is S2, when an event E3 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S2; when the current state is S2, when an event E4 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S3;
when the current state is S3, when an event E2 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S1; when the current state is S3, when an event E3 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S2; when the current state is S3, when an event E4 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S3;
step five: with S1 as an initial state, the tool of the invention can switch states (state switching of the states S1, S2 and S3) according to the state switching index until repeated states occur, so as to form a test case scene;
taking S1 as an initial state, performing state switching to S2 through an event E1, and then performing state switching to S1 through an event E2, where the state of S1 is the above-mentioned state in which repetition occurs, a test case scenario is formed as an example below;
taking S1 as a starting point, performing state switching to S2 through an event E1, and then performing state switching to S2 through an event E3, where the state of S2 is the above-mentioned state in which repetition occurs, thereby forming a test case scenario;
the principle of the state switching of the other step five is the same as that of the above example, and is not described again.
Step six: all test case scenes are generated by traversing the tool, and all functional requirements are covered by 100%;
step seven: in a case scene, an initial state is used as a test premise, an event is used as a test step, and a next skipped state is used as an expected test result to form a test case; taking the first test case scenario of the sixth step as an example, the initial state S1 is taken as a test premise, the event E1 is taken as a first step of the test step, the state S2 is taken as an expected test result of the first step, the event E2 is taken as a second step of the test step, and the state S1 is taken as an expected test result of the second step, thereby forming a test case. The principle of the description of the composition of other test cases is the same as that of the above example, and the description is omitted.
Step eight: using states and events instead of symbols, taking the first test case as an example, the test is premised on sleep, the test step is ignition first, the expected result of the first step is to wake up and turn off the lights, the second step is to turn off the lights, and the expected result of the second step is to sleep. The second test case is tested on the premise of sleep, the first step of the test is ignition, the expected result of the first step is a command for waking up and turning off the vehicle lamps, the second step is a command for turning off the vehicle lamps, and the expected result of the second step is waking up and turning off the vehicle lamps. And by analogy, all test cases are obtained by replacing symbols with states and events.
The tester executes the test cases according to the obtained test cases, ensures that each test case is tested, compares the actual test result with the expected test result, and passes the test if the actual test result is consistent with the expected test result; if the actual test result does not match the expected test result, the test fails and the tester will submit a question in the defect management tool.
According to the automatic generating tool for the test case of the vehicle lamp controller based on the state machine, all test cases are generated through software in the process of designing the test case without manual operation of testers, the defects of large workload and complexity in the process in the prior art are overcome, and the accuracy can be improved through the generation of the software; all test case scenes are generated by traversing the tool, all functional requirements can be covered by 100%, and all test case scenes are automatically generated by the tool, so that careless omission during manual operation is avoided.
Claims (3)
1. A method for automatically generating a test case of a vehicle lamp controller based on a state machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: all states and trigger events of the car lamp controller are respectively marked by symbols one by one, so that the system requirement of the car lamp controller is abstracted into a finite automatic state machine model, and a test case of the car lamp controller is automatically generated by a tool according to the model, so that the efficiency is high, the labor is saved, errors are not easy to occur, and an effective basis is provided for counting the coverage rate of the test requirement;
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: modeling a state flow chart according to the function of the vehicle lamp controller;
step two: different states and events in the state flow diagram are replaced by different symbols;
step three: abstract to a finite state machine composed of symbols;
step four: listing all events starting from the state and the next state arriving through the events by taking a single state as a starting point to form a state switching index;
step five: taking a proper state (such as S1) as a starting point, and switching the state according to the state switching index until a repeated state appears to form a test case scene;
step six: traversing and generating all test case scenes;
step seven: in a case scene, an initial state is used as a test premise, an event is used as a test step, and a jumped state is used as an expected test result to form a test case;
step eight: the symbols are represented as different states and events, and become readable test cases.
2. The method for automatically generating the test case of the state machine-based vehicle lamp controller according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the customer requirements, modeling the functions to be realized by the vehicle lamp controller into a state flow chart, wherein in a sleep state, after ignition, the vehicle lamp controller enters an awakening state, and the vehicle lamp can be in a closed state or an ignition state; when the vehicle lamp is in the state of awakening and turning off the vehicle lamp, receiving a command of turning on the vehicle lamp and entering a state of turning on the vehicle lamp; when the parallel vehicle lamp closing state is awakened, a vehicle lamp closing command is received, and the vehicle lamp closing state is kept; when the parallel lamps are awakened to be in the lighting state, a lamp turning-off command is received, and the parallel lamps enter the lamp turning-off state; when the parallel lamps are awakened to be in the lighting state, a lamp turning-on command is received, and the lighting state of the lamps is kept; in the awakening state, after flameout, the vehicle lamp controller enters the sleeping state;
step two: replacing the state in step one with a different symbol, wherein S1 represents sleep, S2 represents wake-up and lights are off, and S3 represents wake-up and lights are on;
replacing the event in step one with a different symbol, wherein E1 represents ignition, E2 represents ignition off, E3 represents a lamp turn-off command, and E4 represents a lamp turn-on command;
step three: abstracting the car lamp controller function modeling state flow chart into a finite state machine consisting of the symbols in the step two;
step four: taking a single state as a starting point, enumerating all events starting from the state and the next state arriving through the events to form a state switching index;
wherein:
when the current state is S1, the first case is to toggle to the next state S2 when event E1 occurs; when the current state is S1, the second case is to toggle to the next state S3 when event E1 occurs;
when the current state is S2, when an event E2 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S1; when the current state is S2, when an event E3 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S2; when the current state is S2, when an event E4 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S3;
when the current state is S3, when an event E2 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S1; when the current state is S3, when an event E3 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S2; when the current state is S3, when an event E4 occurs, the trigger is switched to the next state S3;
step five: with S1 as an initial state, the tool of the invention can switch states (state switching of the states S1, S2 and S3) according to the state switching index until repeated states occur, so as to form a test case scene;
step six: all test case scenes are generated by traversing the tool, and all functional requirements are covered by 100%;
step seven: in a case scene, an initial state is used as a test premise, an event is used as a test step, and a next skipped state is used as an expected test result to form a test case; taking the first test case scenario of the sixth step as an example, the initial state S1 is taken as a test premise, the event E1 is taken as a first step of the test step, the state S2 is taken as an expected test result of the first step, the event E2 is taken as a second step of the test step, and the state S1 is taken as an expected test result of the second step, thereby forming a test case. The description principle of the composition description of other test cases is the same as that of the above example, and is not repeated;
step eight: using states and events instead of symbols, taking the first test case as an example, the test is premised on sleep, the test step is ignition first, the expected result of the first step is to wake up and turn off the lights, the second step is to turn off the lights, and the expected result of the second step is to sleep. The second test case is tested on the premise of sleep, the first step of the test is ignition, the expected result of the first step is a command for waking up and turning off the vehicle lamps, the second step is a command for turning off the vehicle lamps, and the expected result of the second step is waking up and turning off the vehicle lamps. And by analogy, all test cases are obtained by replacing symbols with states and events.
3. The method for automatically generating the test case of the state machine-based automotive lamp controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: the tester executes the test cases according to the obtained test cases, ensures that each test case is tested, compares the actual test result with the expected test result, and passes the test if the actual test result is consistent with the expected test result; if the actual test result does not match the expected test result, the test fails and the tester will submit a question in the defect management tool.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113704093A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-26 | 卡斯柯信号(成都)有限公司 | Universal interlocking software test case generation method |
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| CN111506509A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-07 | 上海元城汽车技术有限公司 | Automatic testing method, device, equipment and storage medium for automobile software unit |
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| US20080294941A1 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2008-11-27 | Bernardo Copstein | Method and System for Test Case Generation |
| CN106706329A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-05-24 | 大陆汽车电子(长春)有限公司 | Method for testing automobile sunroof controller |
| CN106814730A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-06-09 | 中国铁路总公司 | Train operation control system security critical software method for generating test case |
| CN111506509A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-07 | 上海元城汽车技术有限公司 | Automatic testing method, device, equipment and storage medium for automobile software unit |
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| CN113704093A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-26 | 卡斯柯信号(成都)有限公司 | Universal interlocking software test case generation method |
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Application publication date: 20210129 |