CN112283047A - Load monitoring method and system based on wind turbine clearance monitoring - Google Patents

Load monitoring method and system based on wind turbine clearance monitoring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112283047A
CN112283047A CN202010945657.0A CN202010945657A CN112283047A CN 112283047 A CN112283047 A CN 112283047A CN 202010945657 A CN202010945657 A CN 202010945657A CN 112283047 A CN112283047 A CN 112283047A
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load
real
time
clearance
wind turbine
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CN112283047B (en
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王磊
廖戡武
李小孟
巫发明
李慧新
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CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0264—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for stopping; controlling in emergency situations
    • F03D7/0268—Parking or storm protection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F03D7/043—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller characterised by the type of control logic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a load monitoring method and a system based on clearance monitoring of a wind turbine generator, wherein a database is established, real-time clearance and a clearance threshold value are compared, when the real-time clearance is greater than the clearance threshold value, corresponding real-time blade root load, real-time transmission chain load, real-time tower top load and real-time tower bottom load are obtained by acquiring state data of the wind turbine generator and combining the real-time clearance; when any one of the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load is larger than or equal to the corresponding blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold or the tower bottom load threshold, the wind turbine generator is stopped; the system comprises a clearance monitoring and judging module, a load monitoring and judging module and a wind generating set state data module; the estimation of the load of the wind turbine generator is realized by combining the real-time clearance with the state data of the wind turbine generator, so that the safe operation of the wind turbine generator is better guaranteed, the cost is lower, and equipment does not need to be additionally input again.

Description

Load monitoring method and system based on wind turbine clearance monitoring
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of load monitoring of wind turbines, in particular to a load monitoring method and system based on clearance monitoring of a wind turbine.
Background
The flexibility is increased along with the longer and longer blades; in addition, the wind turbine generator is huge in cost and pressure, the allowance of clearance in the design process of the wind turbine generator is smaller and smaller, a clearance monitoring system is configured for the wind turbine generator, clearance data in the operation process of the wind turbine generator is measured in real time, the need is increased, and in order to guarantee safe operation of the wind turbine generator, monitoring of loads of the wind turbine generator is also necessary.
In the prior art, a clearance is mostly used, namely, a method for monitoring or measuring the distance between a blade and a tower drum is adopted, or a blade root load and a tower top load are measured through a sensor and compared with a threshold load, so that whether a wind turbine generator needs to be shut down or not is determined, and the safe operation of the wind turbine generator is guaranteed; in the monitoring method in the prior art, clearance monitoring and load monitoring are carried out separately, so that the investment on equipment is large, the monitoring process is complicated, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a load monitoring method based on wind turbine clearance monitoring, which is characterized in that a database of corresponding relations among clearance, blade root load, transmission chain load, tower top load, tower bottom load and wind turbine state data is established, real-time clearance data is utilized to judge blade root load, transmission chain load, tower top load and tower bottom load in a wind turbine, and further judge whether the wind turbine is stopped or is in load reduction operation, so that the safety of the wind turbine is ensured.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
a load monitoring method based on wind turbine clearance monitoring is characterized in that a corresponding relation database among clearance, blade root load, transmission chain load, tower top load, tower bottom load and wind turbine state data is established by knowing a wind turbine clearance threshold, a blade root load threshold, a transmission chain load threshold, a tower top load threshold and a tower bottom load threshold, and comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring real-time headroom; in the method, the real-time clearance data can be obtained by measuring through a distance measuring sensor.
S2, comparing the real-time clearance with a clearance threshold value, and stopping the wind turbine generator when the real-time clearance is smaller than or equal to the clearance threshold value; and when the real-time clearance is larger than the clearance threshold, entering a load judgment stage, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s21, acquiring state data of the wind turbine generator, and combining the real-time clearance to obtain corresponding real-time blade root load, real-time transmission chain load, real-time tower top load and real-time tower bottom load;
and S22, comparing the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load with the blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold and the tower bottom load threshold, and stopping the wind turbine generator when any one of the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load is larger than or equal to the corresponding blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold or the tower bottom load threshold.
Further, the wind turbine state data includes generated power, wind wheel rotation speed, generator torque, pitch angle, nacelle acceleration and pitch rate.
Further, in order to establish an effective database, a corresponding relation database among the clearance, the blade root load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load, the tower bottom load and the wind turbine state data is obtained by actual measurement and is verified by actual measurement data of the wind turbine; the database obtained through actual measurement is effective in actual verification and can be repeatedly used, along with the increase of the actual measurement, the database is more perfect, and the monitoring and comparison precision is higher.
Further, the clearance threshold, the blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold and the tower bottom load threshold are preset in a database; the clearance threshold, the blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold and the tower bottom load threshold are preset in the design process of the wind turbine generator.
Further, the real-time headroom is measured by a ranging sensor.
Further, in order to more accurately convert the real-time headroom data into the real-time load data, when the combination of the wind turbine state data and the real-time headroom has no direct corresponding data in the database, linear interpolation calculation is carried out according to the two groups of data which are closest to each other.
The invention also provides a load monitoring system based on wind turbine clearance monitoring, which solves the implementation problem of the method, and realizes the judgment of the blade load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load and the tower bottom load in the wind turbine through the cooperation of the clearance monitoring judgment module, the load monitoring judgment module and the wind turbine state data module, thereby completing the operation of stopping the wind turbine.
The system comprises a clearance monitoring and judging module, a load monitoring and judging module and a wind generating set state data module, wherein the clearance monitoring and judging module comprises a distance measuring sensor for monitoring real-time clearance, a data receiving and comparing module and a first judging module; the load monitoring and judging module comprises a net idle load module, a load database and a second judging module, wherein the net idle load module comprises a corresponding relation database among a net clearance, a blade root load, a transmission chain load, a tower top load, a tower bottom load and wind generating set state data.
The specific principle is as follows: measuring real-time clearance by a distance measuring sensor, entering a load judging step after the clearance judging step, combining wind turbine generator state data detected by a wind turbine generator state data module, comparing the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load by a database in a clearance load transferring module and calculating linear interpolation, comparing the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load with a blade root load threshold value, a transmission chain load threshold value, a tower top load threshold value and a tower bottom load threshold value in a load database, and comparing by a second judging module when any one of the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load is more than or equal to a corresponding blade root load threshold value, transmission, And when the tower top load threshold value and the tower bottom load threshold value are met, the wind turbine generator stops or reduces the load.
The beneficial effects are as follows:
according to the method, the corresponding relation database among the clearance, the blade root load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load, the tower bottom load and the wind turbine state data is established, the real-time clearance data is utilized to judge the blade root load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load and the tower bottom load in the wind turbine, and further judge whether the wind turbine is stopped or is in load reduction operation, so that the safety of the wind turbine is guaranteed, the cost is lower, and additional equipment investment is not needed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a load monitoring system based on clearance monitoring of a wind turbine generator in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
As shown in fig. 1, the load monitoring system based on clearance monitoring of a wind turbine generator provided in this embodiment includes a clearance monitoring and determining module 1, a load monitoring and determining module 2, and a wind turbine generator state data module 3, where the clearance monitoring and determining module 1 includes a distance measuring sensor 10 for monitoring real-time clearance, a data receiving and comparing module 11, and a first determining module 12; the clearance monitoring and judging module 1 and the wind turbine state data module 3 are used as input and are connected with the load monitoring and judging module 2; the load monitoring and judging module 2 comprises a net idle load module 20, a load database 21 and a second judging module 22, and the net idle load module 20 comprises a corresponding relation database 23 among net idle, blade root load, transmission chain load, tower top load, tower bottom load and wind generating set state data.
The system working principle in the embodiment is as follows: the distance measuring sensor 10 measures a real-time clearance, the clearance is judged and then enters a load judgment step, the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load are obtained by combining with the wind turbine state data detected by the wind turbine state data module 3 through database comparison and linear interpolation calculation in the clearance load conversion module 2, the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load are compared with a blade root load threshold value, a transmission chain load threshold value, a tower top load threshold value and a tower bottom load threshold value in the load database 21, and when any one of the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load is more than or equal to a corresponding blade root load threshold value, transmission chain load threshold value, And when the tower top load threshold value and the tower bottom load threshold value are met, the wind turbine generator stops or reduces the load.
The embodiment further provides a load monitoring method based on clearance monitoring of the wind turbine generator, which specifically includes:
under the condition of the known clearance threshold, blade root load threshold, transmission chain load threshold, tower top load threshold and tower bottom load threshold of the wind turbine generator, specifically, the clearance threshold, the blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold and the tower bottom load threshold are preset in a database.
Establishing a corresponding relation database among clearance, blade root load, transmission chain load, tower top load, tower bottom load and wind generating set state data; the state data of the wind turbine generator set comprise generating power, wind wheel rotating speed, generator torque, pitch angle, cabin acceleration and pitch rate.
In order to establish an effective database, the corresponding relation database among the clearance, the blade root load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load, the tower bottom load and the wind generating set state data is obtained by the actual measurement of the wind generating set; the database obtained through actual measurement is effective in actual verification and can be repeatedly used, along with the increase of the actual measurement, the database is more perfect, and the monitoring and comparison precision is higher.
As shown in table 1 below, the database mapping relationship among the headroom, the blade root load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load, the tower bottom load and the wind turbine generator status data is as follows:
clearance A1 A2 ... An
Blade root load B1 B2 ... Bn
Load of transmission chain C1 C2 ... Cn
Tower top load D1 D2 ... Dn
Load at the bottom of the tower E1 E2 ... En
Generated power F1 F2 ... Fn
Rotational speed of wind wheel G1 G2 ... Gn
Rotating speed of generator H1 H2 ... Hn
Generator torque I1 I2 ... In
Pitch angle J1 J2 ... Jn
Acceleration of engine room K1 K2 ... Kn
Variable pitch rate L1 L2 ... Ln
TABLE 1
With reference to table 1, the specific monitoring method includes the following steps:
s1, in the embodiment, the obtained real-time headroom is A1(ii) a In this embodiment, the real-time headroom data may be measured by the ranging sensor.
S2, comparing the real-time clearance A1With a headroom threshold, when the real-time headroom is A1When the clearance is smaller than or equal to the clearance threshold value, the wind turbine generator is stopped; when the real-time headroom is A1And when the clearance is larger than the clearance threshold, entering a load judgment stage, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s21, according to the table 1, when the state data of the wind turbine generator obtained in the embodiment is F1、G1、H1、I1、J1、K1、L1In combination with said real-time headroom A1Obtaining the corresponding real-time blade root load B1Real time drive chain load C1Real time tower top load D1And real time tower bottom load E1；
S22, comparing the real-time blade root load B1Real time drive chain load C1Real time tower top load D1And real time tower bottom load E1The blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold and the tower bottom load threshold, when the real-time blade root load B1Real time drive chain load C1Real time tower top load D1And real time tower bottom load E1When any one of the root loading threshold value, the transmission chain loading threshold value, the tower top loading threshold value or the tower bottom loading threshold value is larger than or equal to the corresponding root loading threshold value, the wind turbine generator is stopped.
In this embodiment, in order to more accurately convert the real-time headroom data into the real-time load data, when the combination of the wind turbine generator state data and the real-time headroom has no direct corresponding data in the database, linear interpolation calculation is performed according to the two sets of data that are closest to each other.
In the embodiment, by establishing the database of the corresponding relationship among the clearance, the blade root load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load, the tower bottom load and the wind turbine state data, namely table 1 in the embodiment, the judgment of the blade root load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load and the tower bottom load in the wind turbine is realized by using the real-time clearance data, and then whether the wind turbine is stopped or is in load shedding operation is judged, so that the safety of the wind turbine is ensured, the cost is lower, and the equipment does not need to be additionally input again.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A load monitoring method based on wind turbine clearance monitoring is characterized in that a wind turbine clearance threshold, a blade root load threshold, a transmission chain load threshold, a tower top load threshold and a tower bottom load threshold are known, a database of corresponding relations among the clearance, the blade root load, the transmission chain load, the tower top load, the tower bottom load and wind turbine state data is established, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring real-time headroom;
s2, comparing the real-time clearance with a clearance threshold value, and stopping the wind turbine generator when the real-time clearance is smaller than or equal to the clearance threshold value; and when the real-time clearance is larger than the clearance threshold, entering a load judgment stage, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s21, acquiring state data of the wind turbine generator, and combining the real-time clearance to obtain corresponding real-time blade root load, real-time transmission chain load, real-time tower top load and real-time tower bottom load;
and S22, comparing the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load with the blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold and the tower bottom load threshold, and stopping the wind turbine generator when any one of the real-time blade root load, the real-time transmission chain load, the real-time tower top load and the real-time tower bottom load is larger than or equal to the corresponding blade root load threshold, the transmission chain load threshold, the tower top load threshold or the tower bottom load threshold.
2. The method for wind turbine headroom monitoring based load monitoring of claim 1, wherein the wind turbine state data comprises generated power, rotor speed, generator torque, pitch angle, nacelle acceleration, and pitch rate.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the database of the correspondence between the headroom, the blade root load, the drive train load, the tower top load, the tower bottom load, and the wind turbine state data is obtained from measurements and verified with the measured wind turbine data.
4. The wind turbine headroom monitoring based load monitoring method of claim 1, wherein the headroom threshold, the blade root load threshold, the drive train load threshold, the tower top load threshold, and the tower bottom load threshold are preset in a database.
5. The method of wind turbine headroom monitoring based on claim 1 wherein the real-time headroom is measured by a ranging sensor.
6. The method of claim 1 where the combination of the wind turbine state data and the real-time headroom has no direct correspondence in the database, linear interpolation is performed based on the two sets of data that are closest.
7. A load monitoring system based on wind turbine clearance monitoring is characterized by comprising a clearance monitoring judgment module, a load monitoring judgment module and a wind turbine state data module; the clearance monitoring and judging module comprises a distance measuring sensor for monitoring real-time clearance, a data receiving and comparing module and a first judging module; the clearance monitoring and judging module and the wind turbine state data module are used as input and are connected with the load monitoring and judging module; the load monitoring and judging module comprises a net idle load module, a load database and a second judging module, wherein the net idle load module comprises a corresponding relation database among a net clearance, a blade root load, a transmission chain load, a tower top load, a tower bottom load and wind generating set state data.
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