CN112279362B - Coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device and method for river sewage draining outlet drainage - Google Patents

Coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device and method for river sewage draining outlet drainage Download PDF

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CN112279362B
CN112279362B CN202010969140.5A CN202010969140A CN112279362B CN 112279362 B CN112279362 B CN 112279362B CN 202010969140 A CN202010969140 A CN 202010969140A CN 112279362 B CN112279362 B CN 112279362B
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sewage
main body
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unit
water
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CN112279362A (en
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朱亮
成沛金
周颖
徐向阳
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a coupling carbon-based membrane bioreaction device and a method thereof for drainage of a river sewage outlet, wherein the device comprises a main body unit and an overrunning unit which are positioned in a pool body; a sewage discharge outlet is formed in the side wall of the tank body at the water inlet end of the main body unit, and sewage is discharged into the main body unit through the sewage discharge outlet by an external sewage discharge pipe; the water outlet end of the main body unit is provided with an overflow weir, and the other end of the overflow weir is provided with an overrunning unit; the overflow weir completely separates the main body unit and the overrunning unit; the main body unit comprises a filler module, an aeration device, an MBR membrane module and a suction pump; the surpassing unit comprises a sewage intercepting hanging basket and a permeation module; the invention can carry out high-efficiency treatment on the water discharged from the river mouth with different water quality and water quantity, the water discharged from the rain and sewage mixed discharge port in the dry period is all treated by the main body unit, when the water quantity is large in the rich period and the water quality is better, the water quantity exceeding the treatment capacity of the main body unit flows to the surpassing unit through the overflow weir, and is discharged into the river channel after being primarily filtered and adsorbed by the permeable material, thereby ensuring the water quality improvement and ecological restoration of the river to the maximum extent.

Description

Coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device and method for river sewage draining outlet drainage
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device and a method thereof for drainage of a river sewage outlet, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment and water body environment treatment.
Background
With the continuous development of economy and the continuous increase of urban population, the pollution generated by point sources, urban and rural non-point sources, water body sediments and the like far exceeds the self-cleaning capacity of water bodies, so that the black and odorous water bodies in urban riverways generally exist. The main reason is that the urban shore sewage intercepting pipe network is imperfect, and the phenomena of sewage leakage in sunny days and pollution overflow discharge in rainy days are caused.
The river-entering sewage outlet is an outlet for collecting rainwater and sewage runoff by urban drainage pipelines, and is also a source and a channel for a large amount of pollutants in the rainwater and sewage runoff to enter a river channel. In view of the relatively laggard sewage interception management plan of some local sewage outlets in cities and the laggard requirements on black and odorous river regulation, the sewage discharge problem of many urban sewage outlets can not be solved temporarily, so that the purification of the sewage outlets becomes the problem to be solved urgently in the treatment of the current black and odorous river, and the establishment of the sewage outlet purification and sewage interception measures is very important.
The treatment mode to the river course drain mainly has bypass clean system, flower bed formula purification tank, drain purification tank, normal position purification corridor etc. and current clean system ubiquitous throughput is on the low side, the characteristics of play water quality deviation, especially to the better, the higher receiving water body of requirement of quality of water this problem is more outstanding, in addition, the change of income river drain quality of water yield is big in rich water phase and dry season, has proposed higher requirement to treatment system's adaptability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device and a method thereof for drainage of a river sewage outlet.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device for discharging water from a river sewage outlet comprises a main body unit and an overrunning unit which are positioned in a pool body; a sewage discharge outlet is formed in the side wall of the tank body at the water inlet end of the main body unit, and sewage is discharged into the main body unit through the sewage discharge outlet by an external sewage discharge pipe; the water outlet end of the main body unit is provided with an overflow weir, and the other end of the overflow weir is provided with an overrunning unit; the overflow weir completely separates the main body unit and the overrunning unit;
the main body unit comprises a filler module, an aeration device, an MBR membrane module and a suction pump; the filler module comprises fillers and a filler frame, the fillers are uniformly loaded on the filler frame, the bottom of the filler frame is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tank body, the filler frame is vertical to the direction of water flow, and two sides of the filler frame are respectively connected and fixed with the side wall of the tank body, so that the water flow flows to the rear after being completely treated by the fillers; the packing modules are arranged at intervals;
an aeration device and an MBR membrane module are arranged between the adjacent filler modules, the aeration device is fixed at the bottom of the tank body, and the MBR membrane module is positioned above the aeration device; the water outlet end of the MBR membrane component is externally connected with a water outlet pipe, and a suction pump is arranged on the water outlet pipe and used for discharging water flow in the main body unit;
the overrunning unit comprises a sewage interception hanging basket and a permeation module; the sewage interception hanging basket is fixed at the upper part of the tank body where the surpassing unit is positioned, and the top part of the sewage interception hanging basket is lower than the top part of the overflow weir; the sewage intercepting hanging basket completely covers the horizontal cross section of the tank body at the position, and the water flow flowing out of the overflow weir is completely screened; the lower part of the sewage intercepting hanging basket is provided with a permeation module, and an adsorption material is filled in the permeation module; and a seepage hole is formed in the tank body at the bottom of the seepage module, and water flow flowing out of the bottom of the seepage module can be discharged from the seepage hole.
Preferably, the filler is an elastic filler, and the effective filling rate of the filler is 10-30%.
Further, the filler is polyolefin or polyamide stereo elastic filler.
Preferably, the MBR membrane module is a hollow fiber membrane module, and the pore size of the membrane is in a microfiltration grade.
Preferably, the height of the overflow weir is 0.1-0.3 m higher than the water level in the dry season in the main body unit.
Preferably, the sewage interception hanging basket comprises a hanging basket body and a sewage interception mesh bag, and the sewage interception mesh bag is fixed in the hanging basket body; the hanging basket is provided with a plurality of holes, and the sewage intercepting mesh bag adopts 100-300 g/m 2 The geotextile of (1).
Preferably, the adsorbing material is an upper-layer ceramsite and a lower-layer granular activated carbon.
The invention also aims to provide a method for treating the drainage of a river sewage outlet by using any one of the coupled carbon-based membrane biological reaction devices, which comprises the following steps:
sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe firstly enters the main body unit; when the sewage is contacted with the filler module, the sewage is biologically treated under the action of the microorganisms loaded on the filler; an aeration device arranged at the bottom of the tank body of the main body unit aerates the sewage and provides oxygen for the growth of microorganisms on the filler; a suction pump arranged on a water outlet pipe of the MBR membrane module provides pressure difference for a water inlet end and a water outlet end of the MBR membrane module, so that sewage in the main body unit enters the MBR membrane module for treatment and flows out of the main body unit along the water outlet pipe;
when the water level of the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe in the main body unit is lower than the height of the overflow weir, all the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe does not enter the overrunning unit, is treated by the main body unit and is discharged out of the coupled carbon-based membrane biological reaction device through the water outlet pipe;
when the water level of the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe in the main body unit is higher than the height of the overflow weir, the sewage treated by the main body unit overflows through the overflow weir and enters the overrunning unit; primarily intercepting and filtering suspended matters in the sewage through a sewage intercepting hanging basket, then enabling the sewage to enter a permeation module, and further treating the sewage through the adsorption effect of an adsorption material in the permeation module; meanwhile, the biological membrane generated on the surface of the adsorption material can carry out biodegradation on the sewage.
Preferably, the aeration device provides aeration according to the gas-water ratio of 24: 1.
Preferably, when the main body unit is in a low water period water level, granular biochar is further added into the main body unit so as to prolong the service life of the MBR membrane module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the device comprehensively utilizes the MBR coupled carbon base to endow the device with the characteristics of high microbial retention and rich flora structure, can efficiently remove organic and inorganic pollutants in inlet water, and reduce the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD in outlet water;
2) the device has high treatment efficiency; the concentration of activated sludge (MLSS) in the device is up to 8000-15000 mg/L, the micro-filtration membrane is added for filtration, the removal rate of COD is about 90%, the ammonia nitrogen of effluent can be controlled to be 1mg/L and the total phosphorus is below 0.2mg/L, and suspended matters (SS) and turbidity are close to zero;
3) the device can adapt to the change of the quality and the quantity of the sewage in different rainy seasons, and has impact load resistance; the device is divided into two units, so that an efficient treatment scheme aiming at different water quality and water quantity is realized, and the discharged rain sewage can be completely treated even if the water quality and the water quantity change suddenly in the full water period, and can be fully purified before being completely mixed with river water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a reaction apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the change of COD removal of wastewater in the example;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the removal of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus from wastewater in the example;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the changes in comparison of the operational performances of the R1 and R2 processes in the example, wherein (a) is the comparison of the removal rates of COD and ammonia nitrogen, and (b) is the comparison of the change of transmembrane pressure difference;
in the figure: the sewage treatment system comprises a sewage discharge pipe 1, a tank body 2, a filler 3, a filler frame 4, an aeration device 5, an MBR (membrane bioreactor) membrane module 6, a river bank 7, a suction pump 8, a water outlet pipe 9, a sewage interception hanging basket 10, a permeation module 11 and an overflow weir 12.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
The method is mainly characterized in that a Membrane Biological Reactor (MBR) reaction system for enriching coupling carbon-based enhanced functional flora is adopted for implementing a repair process on the gully, activated sludge and macromolecular organic matters are intercepted by utilizing membrane separation equipment, the concentration of the activated sludge is improved, and the hydraulic retention time and the sludge retention time are effectively controlled. In order to adapt to the outstanding problem of large water quality fluctuation of a rainwater and sewage mixed drainage port, the invention provides a coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device for drainage of a river sewage discharge port, which comprises a main body unit and an overrunning unit which are positioned in a tank body 2.
As shown in figure 1, a sewage discharge port is formed in the wall surface of one side of a tank body 2 of a main body unit and serves as a water inlet end of the whole coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device, and an external sewage discharge pipe 1 discharges sewage into the main body unit through the sewage discharge port. Along the water flow direction, the other side of the main body unit pool body 2 is provided with an overflow weir 12 as the water outlet end of the main body unit. One side of the overflow weir 12 is provided as a body unit, and the other side is provided as an overtaking unit, and the overflow weir 12 completely separates the body unit and the overtaking unit. The height of weir 12 can be adjusted to suit the actual situation. The height of the overflow weir 12 is higher than the water level in the main unit in the dry season and lower than the water level in the main unit in the rich season, and the height of the overflow weir 12 is generally set to be 0.1 to 0.3m higher than the water level in the main unit in the dry season. The water level in the main body unit in the dry season refers to the water level of sewage drained into the main body unit from the sewage draining pipe 1 when the local area is in a dry season or the rainfall is low, the sewage needing to be treated is less, and the sewage cannot enter the overrunning unit through the overflow weir 12 after entering the main body unit. The water level in the water-rich period in the main body unit refers to the water level of the sewage which is discharged into the main body unit from the sewage discharge pipe 1 when the local rainfall is large, the water quantity to be treated is large at the moment, and the sewage can enter the overrunning unit through the overflow weir 12 after entering the main body unit to realize further treatment.
The main body unit is a reinforced MBR treatment unit and comprises a filler module, an aeration device 5, an MBR membrane module 6 and a suction pump 8. The packing module includes filler 3 and filler frame 4, and filler 3 evenly loads on filler frame 4, and filler frame 4 bottom and 2 bottom fixed connection of cell body, filler frame 4 and the perpendicular both sides of water flow direction and filler frame 4 are connected fixedly with the lateral wall of cell body 2 respectively for the rivers flow through and just flow to the rear after filler 3 is handled completely. The packing modules can be arranged in a plurality of and adjacent packing modules at intervals. The filler 3 can adopt polyolefin or polyamide three-dimensional elastic filler which has the advantages of large specific surface area, no agglomeration, easy film formation, long service life, low price and the like. The effective filling rate of the filler 3 is 10-30%, the effective filling rate refers to the volume occupied by the filler/the total effective volume of the pool body, and considering the problems of land occupation of the membrane module, the water quality characteristics of the gully, the economic cost and the like, the effective filling rate of the elastic filler is preferably 15%. Set up the filler in main part unit so that the microorganism biofilm formation biofilm growth forms the biomembrane, the effect of filler is on the one hand to improve the biomass and guarantee throughput, and on the other hand provides the attachment point of fixed growth for the microorganism, avoids losing in the river course in a large number under the flow sudden great condition.
An aeration device 5 and an MBR membrane module 6 are arranged between the adjacent filler modules, the aeration device 5 is fixed at the bottom of the tank body 2, and the MBR membrane module 6 is positioned above the aeration device 5. The MBR membrane module 6 is a hollow fiber membrane module, and the membrane aperture is in a microfiltration level. The water outlet end of the MBR membrane module 6 is externally connected with a water outlet pipe 9, and a suction pump 8 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 9 to provide pressure difference for discharging water flow in the main body unit.
The main body unit can effectively remove COD and NH at the rain and sewage mixed discharge port in the normal flow state 4 + N, TP, bacteria, viruses and the like, the effluent quality reaches IV and above indexes, and the water quality is a core part of the whole process, and the estimated hydraulic retention time is 6 h.
The override unit comprises a sewage intercepting hanging basket 10 and a permeation module 11. The sewage interception hanging basket 10 is fixed on the upper part of the tank body 2 where the surpassing unit is positioned, and the top part of the sewage interception hanging basket is lower than the top part of the overflow weir 12. The sewage interception hanging basket 10 completely covers the horizontal cross section of the tank body 2 where the sewage interception hanging basket is positioned, and the water flow flowing out of the overflow weir 12 is completely screened and filtered. The sewage-intercepting hanging basket 10 comprises a hanging basket and a sewage-intercepting mesh bag, wherein the sewage-intercepting mesh bag is fixed in the hanging basket, a plurality of holes are formed in the hanging basket, and the sewage-intercepting mesh bag adopts 100-300 g/m 2 Is made of the geotextile. After rain sewage enters the runoff weir, larger garbage (such as plastics, branches, silt and the like) in runoff is intercepted by the intercepting hanging basket.
The lower part of the sewage intercepting hanging basket 10 is provided with a penetration module 11, and the penetration module 11 is filled with an adsorption material. The adsorption material and the attached biomembrane are utilized to treat the flowing wastewater through the effects of physical filtration, adsorption, biological metabolism and the like, so that the steep-increase-amount drainage of the gully in the rich period can be efficiently purified. The adsorbing material can adopt a filling mode of an upper-layer ceramsite and a lower-layer granular activated carbon. The biochar has huge specific surface area, porous structure and abundant surface functional groups and mineral components, and can fully play the roles of adsorption and fixation and strengthening the degradation of microorganisms to pollutants in rainwater. A seepage hole is arranged on the tank body 2 at the bottom of the seepage module 11, and water flow flowing out from the bottom of the seepage module 11 can be discharged from the seepage hole.
The transcendental part is a biological interception processing unit, and the bottom of the transcendental part is paved with a composite permeable material, which can intercept, adsorb and subsequently biologically purify pollutants in an instantaneous flow state. The middle of the two parts is separated by an overflow weir, and the drainage of the rain and sewage mixed drainage port in dry seasons or in medium and small rainfall is completely processed by the main body processing unit; when the rainfall is heavy, the water quantity is large and the water quality is better, and the water quantity exceeding the processing capacity of the processing unit flows to the biological interception processing unit through the overflow weir and is discharged into the river channel after being primarily filtered and adsorbed by the permeable material.
The method for treating the drainage of the river sewage outlet by using the coupled carbon-based membrane biological reaction device comprises the following specific steps:
the sewage discharged from the sewage drain pipe 1 first enters the main body unit. When the sewage contacts with the filler module, the sewage is biologically treated by the action of the microorganisms loaded on the filler 3. The aeration device 5 arranged at the bottom of the tank body of the main body unit aerates sewage and provides oxygen for the growth of microorganisms on the filler 3, and the aeration device 5 can provide aeration according to the air-water ratio of 24: 1. The suction pump 8 arranged on the water outlet pipe 9 of the MBR membrane module 6 provides pressure difference for the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the MBR membrane module 6, so that the sewage in the main body unit enters the MBR membrane module 6 for treatment and flows out of the main body unit along the water outlet pipe 9.
When the water level of the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe 1 in the main body unit is lower than the height of the overflow weir 12, all the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe 1 does not enter the overrunning unit, and is treated by the main body unit and then is discharged out of the coupled carbon-based membrane biological reaction device from the water outlet pipe 9. During dry seasons or rainy seasons with medium and small rainfall, granular biochar is added into the main body processing unit to enhance the processing capacity, and the biochar can enhance the pollutant removal and sludge retention capacity of the MBR system through ways such as adsorption, nucleation, flora regulation and the like, improve the properties of mixed liquor, further effectively relieve the pollution of the MBR membrane and prolong the service life of the MBR membrane module 6.
When the water level of the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe 1 in the main unit is higher than the height of the overflow weir 12, the sewage treated by the main unit overflows through the overflow weir 12 into the overrun unit. Suspended matters in the sewage are intercepted and filtered through the sewage intercepting hanging basket 10, then the sewage enters the permeation module 11, and the sewage is further treated through the adsorption effect of the adsorption materials in the permeation module 11. Meanwhile, the biomembrane generated on the surface of the adsorbing material can carry out biodegradation on the sewage.
Examples
In this example, the simulation under laboratory conditions was performed on the Zhejiang changxing harbor phoenix cell river-entry drain treatment. According to the local hydrological water quality data, the water quality of the discharged water at the discharge outlet is of bad V class, COD and NH 4 + The average concentration of N and TP in the dry period and the rich period is 250, 3, 1.5mg/L and 200, 2, 1mg/L respectively. The configuration of the laboratory reactor also adopts the coupled carbon-based membrane bioreactor, the specific structure of the device is as described above, and the details are not repeated.
Specifically, the treatment capacity of the main body unit is 4L/h, the volume of the main body unit is 12L, and the specification is an organic glass container with the length of 30cm, the width of 20cm and the height of 20 cm. The stuffing adopts polyolefine or polyamide stereo elastic stuffing, and the specification is that the diameter of a strand silk is 4cm, and the length of the strand silk is 15 cm. Three groups of packing modules are placed in the main body unit, and four groups of elastic packing are tied on each group of packing frames. The hollow fiber membrane components are placed on the adjacent filler modules, the hollow fiber membrane components are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), the outer diameter of a shell of the membrane component is selected to be 50mm, the total length is 180mm, the average pore diameter is 0.22um, and the membrane components are divided into two groups. BSD-Q-192 spherical crown type microporous aerators are adopted at the bottom of the tank body, and aeration quantity is provided according to a steam-water ratio of 24: 1.
According to empirical data obtained by actually measuring the water volume in the water-rich period, the water volume change coefficient of the mixed drainage outlet is selected to be 2.6, and the coefficient covers the water volume change caused by 90% of rainstorm intensity in the local area, so that the treatment of the rain sewage in most rainstorm conditions can be met, and the calculated surpassing unit simulated treatment water volume is 6.4L/h. The bottom of the unit is paved with a penetration module of a composite adsorbing material of 'ceramic particles and granular biochar', the total height of the penetration module is 10cm, the ceramic particles are on the lower layer and 5cm in height, the granular biochar is on the upper layer and 5cm in height, and the actual retention time of the rain sewage flowing through the penetration module is 0.4 h. The height of an overflow weir between the main body unit and the overrunning unit is 2cm higher than the water level in the simulated dry season.
The operation process of the coupling carbon-based membrane biological reaction device for treating the drainage of the simulated sewage draining outlet is as follows: the reactor is operated for 60 days, the first stage is operated from the beginning of the operation to the 20 th day, the second stage is operated from the 21 st to the 30 th days, the third stage is operated from the 31 st to the 50 th days, and the fourth stage is operated from the 51 st to the 60 th days. Wherein, the first and third stages simulate the drainage in the dry period, and the second and fourth stages simulate the drainage in the rich period. First and third stage water inlet COD and NH 4 + The concentration of N and TP is about 250, 3 and 1.5mg/L, and the water inlet flow rate is 4L/h. Second and fourth stage water inlet COD and NH 4 + The concentration of N and TP is about 200, 2 and 1mg/L, wherein the water inlet flow rate of the second stage is 7L/h, and the water inlet flow rate of the fourth stage is 10.4L/h.
Meanwhile, in order to compare the effect of adding the carbon-based material in the present invention, the comparative tests R1 and R2 were also provided in this example. The R1 reactor is added with granular biochar in the main body unit, and the lower layer beyond the unit permeation module is the granular biochar; the R2 reactor is a control group, no granular biochar is added into the main body unit, and a single homogeneous filtering material ceramsite is filled in the transcend unit permeation module.
As shown in figure 2, in the continuous operation time of the coupled carbon-based membrane bioreactor, the COD removal rate of four stages is about 90%, the COD concentration of effluent is below 30mg/L, and the coupled carbon-based membrane bioreactor shows good treatment performance. Wherein, the COD concentration of the effluent of the first and third stages is less than that of the effluent of the second and fourth stages, and can be basically controlled below 20 mg/L. The reaction device has better performance in the dry season in the aspect of removing COD. FIG. 3 shows that the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of the effluent water under continuous operation can be controlled below 1mg/L and the total phosphorus is controlled below 0.2mg/L after treatment, which shows that the reaction device has excellent nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance and can effectively reduce nutrient substances entering a river so as to relieve the occurrence of river eutrophication.
As shown in FIG. 4, compared with the control group, the COD and ammonia nitrogen removal rates of the reaction device are higher than those of the control group, which indicates that the addition of biomass carbon has an obvious effect on improving the treatment performance. And the transmembrane pressure difference rising rate is slower than that of a control group, which indicates that the biochar addition has a promoting effect on relieving membrane pollution of the MBR. In the reaction device, the biochar enhances the pollutant removal and sludge retention capacity of an MBR system through adsorption, nucleation, flora regulation and other ways, improves the properties of mixed liquor, and further effectively relieves the pollution of an MBR membrane.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for treating sewage discharged from a river sewage outlet by using a coupled carbon-based membrane biological reaction device is characterized in that the coupled carbon-based membrane biological reaction device comprises a main body unit and an overrunning unit which are positioned in a tank body (2); a sewage discharge outlet is formed in the side wall of the tank body (2) at the water inlet end of the main body unit, and sewage is discharged into the main body unit through the sewage discharge outlet by an external sewage discharge pipe (1); the water outlet end of the main body unit is provided with an overflow weir (12), and the other end of the overflow weir (12) is provided with an overrunning unit; the overflow weir (12) completely separates the main body unit and the overrunning unit; the main body unit comprises a filler module, an aeration device (5), an MBR membrane module (6) and a suction pump (8); the packing module comprises packing (3) and a packing frame (4), the packing (3) is uniformly loaded on the packing frame (4), the bottom of the packing frame (4) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tank body (2), the packing frame (4) is vertical to the direction of water flow, and two sides of the packing frame (4) are respectively connected and fixed with the side wall of the tank body (2), so that the water flow flows to the rear after being completely treated by the packing (3); the packing modules are arranged at intervals; an aeration device (5) and an MBR membrane module (6) are arranged between adjacent filler modules, the aeration device (5) is fixed at the bottom of the tank body (2), and the MBR membrane module (6) is positioned above the aeration device (5); the water outlet end of the MBR membrane component (6) is externally connected with a water outlet pipe (9), and a suction pump (8) is arranged on the water outlet pipe (9) and used for discharging water flow in the main body unit; the overrunning unit comprises a sewage interception hanging basket (10) and a permeation module (11); the sewage interception hanging basket (10) is fixed at the upper part of the tank body (2) where the surpassing unit is positioned, and the top of the sewage interception hanging basket is lower than the top of the overflow weir (12); the sewage intercepting hanging basket (10) completely covers the horizontal cross section of the tank body (2) at the position, and the water flow flowing out of the overflow weir (12) is completely screened; the lower part of the sewage intercepting hanging basket (10) is provided with a penetration module (11), and the penetration module (11) is filled with an adsorption material; a seepage hole is formed in the tank body (2) at the bottom of the seepage module (11), and water flow flowing out of the bottom of the seepage module (11) can be discharged from the seepage hole;
the adsorbing material is an upper-layer ceramsite and a lower-layer granular activated carbon;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe (1) firstly enters the main body unit; when the sewage is contacted with the filler module, the sewage is biologically treated under the action of the microorganism loaded on the filler (3); an aeration device (5) arranged at the bottom of the tank body of the main body unit aerates the sewage and provides oxygen for the growth of microorganisms on the filler (3); a suction pump (8) arranged on a water outlet pipe (9) of the MBR membrane module (6) provides pressure difference for the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the MBR membrane module (6), so that the sewage in the main body unit enters the MBR membrane module (6) for treatment and flows out of the main body unit along the water outlet pipe (9);
when the water level of the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe (1) in the main body unit is lower than the height of the overflow weir (12), all the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe (1) does not enter the overrunning unit, is treated by the main body unit and is discharged out of the coupled carbon-based membrane biological reaction device from the water outlet pipe (9);
when the water level of the sewage discharged from the sewage discharge pipe (1) in the main body unit is higher than the height of the overflow weir (12), the sewage treated by the main body unit overflows into the overrunning unit through the overflow weir (12); the suspended matters in the sewage are primarily intercepted and filtered through the sewage intercepting hanging basket (10), then the sewage enters the permeation module (11), and the sewage is further treated through the adsorption effect of the adsorption material in the permeation module (11); meanwhile, the biomembrane generated on the surface of the adsorbing material can carry out biodegradation on the sewage;
when the main body unit is in a low water period water level, granular biochar is added into the main body unit to prolong the service life of the MBR membrane module (6).
2. The method for treating the drainage of the sewage outfeed into the river as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filler (3) is an elastic filler, and the effective filling rate of the filler is 10% -30%.
3. A method for treating sewage draining into a river according to claim 2, wherein the stuffing (3) is polyolefin or polyamide stereo elastic stuffing.
4. The method for treating sewage outlet of river according to claim 1, wherein the MBR membrane module (6) is a hollow fiber membrane module, and the membrane aperture is in microfiltration grade.
5. The method for treating sewage discharged from a river sewage draining exit according to claim 1, wherein the height of the overflow weir (12) is 0.1-0.3 m higher than the water level in the dry season in the main unit.
6. A method for treating sewage draining from a river sewage draining outlet according to claim 1, wherein the sewage intercepting hanging basket (10) comprises a hanging basket and a sewage intercepting mesh bag, and the sewage intercepting mesh bag is fixed in the hanging basket; the hanging basket is provided with a plurality of holes, and the sewage intercepting mesh bag adopts 100-300 g/m 2 The geotextile of (1).
7. A method for treating sewage draining into a river according to claim 1, wherein the aeration device (5) provides aeration according to a gas-water ratio of 24: 1.
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