CN112271735A - Analysis method for reactive power balance of 220kV and below voltage level power grid - Google Patents

Analysis method for reactive power balance of 220kV and below voltage level power grid Download PDF

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CN112271735A
CN112271735A CN202011204377.0A CN202011204377A CN112271735A CN 112271735 A CN112271735 A CN 112271735A CN 202011204377 A CN202011204377 A CN 202011204377A CN 112271735 A CN112271735 A CN 112271735A
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power
reactive
power grid
grid
balance
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刘进
李童
徐明宇
陈晓光
郝文波
胡远婷
刘智洋
穆兴华
张睿
张美伦
雷雪婷
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State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Co Ltd Electric Power Research Institute
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Co Ltd Electric Power Research Institute
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1871Methods for planning installation of shunt reactive power compensators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The method for analyzing the reactive power balance of the power grid with the voltage class of 220kV or below solves the problem that the existing power balance analysis method is not suitable for analyzing the regional power grid, and belongs to the technical field of planning and construction of power distribution networks. The method comprises the following steps: determining whether a 220kV power grid of a regional power grid to be analyzed and local 110kV and below power grids reach reactive layered balance or not according to the basic condition of the regional power grid to be analyzed and by combining a reactive overall balance equation of the power grid; the overall balance equation is 0 ═ Q1+Q2+…Q5+Q8+Q9+…+Q13(ii) a The invention can analyze the power generation power and the reactive load power of the reactive power supply under the conditions of large load and small load, determine whether the area to be analyzed can keep reactive layered balance with a superior power grid and a subordinate power grid or not, determine whether enough reactive power supply reserves exist or not, and judge the adjustability of the reactive power compensation device of a 220kV power grid and a local 110kV power grid or below.

Description

Analysis method for reactive power balance of 220kV and below voltage level power grid
Technical Field
The invention relates to an analysis method for reactive power balance of a power grid with a voltage class of 220kV or below, and belongs to the technical field of planning and construction of power distribution networks.
Background
The grid planning, also known as transmission system planning, is based on load prediction and power supply planning. The power grid planning determines when and where to put on what type of transmission line and the number of loops thereof so as to achieve the transmission capacity required in the planning period, and the cost of the transmission system is minimized on the premise of meeting various technical indexes.
The reactive power balance conditions of the power system are as follows: the reactive power that a reactive power source in an electric power system may generate should be greater than or at least equal to the sum of the reactive power required by the load and the reactive power losses in the network, while the system must be configured with a certain reactive reserve capacity in order to guarantee operational reliability and to accommodate the increase in reactive loads.
The conventional reactive power balance analysis method is generally only used for chain transmission projects, and the reactive power requirements of main transformers of substations on the section-by-section lines and two sides of the section-by-section lines are calculated by taking the section-by-section lines as a center.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the existing active power balance analysis method is not suitable for analyzing regional power grids, the invention provides an analysis method for reactive power balance of a power grid with a voltage level of 220kV or below.
The invention discloses an analysis method for reactive power balance of a 220kV and following voltage class power grid, which comprises the following steps:
determining whether a 220kV power grid of a regional power grid to be analyzed and local 110kV and below power grids reach reactive layered balance or not according to the basic condition of the regional power grid to be analyzed and by combining a reactive overall balance equation of the power grid;
the overall balance equation is 0 ═ Q1+Q2+…Q5+Q8+Q9+…+Q13
Q1Represents the total reactive power injected into the 220kV power grid from the outside;
Q2the reactive power generated at the generator end of the 220kV power grid and the power grid with the voltage class below the voltage class is represented;
Q3representing reactive losses on a 220kV line;
Q4the reactive power consumption of the booster transformer part of the auxiliary power/unit of the power plant of the 220kV power grid and the power grid with the lower voltage level is represented;
Q5the charging reactive power of the power grid line of the voltage class of 220kV and below is represented;
Q8the reactive power generated by the generator end of the regional 110kV or below voltage level power grid is represented;
Q9the reactive power generated by the capacitor of the capacitance belonging to the power grid with the voltage level of 110kV or below in the region is represented;
Q10the reactive power generated by the capacitor of the user of the power grid with the voltage level of 110kV or below in the region is represented;
Q11agricultural capacitor input generator for power grid with voltage class of 110kV or below in regionIs idle;
Q12the reactive loss of distribution lines and transformers of the regional 110kV and below voltage level power grid is represented;
Q13representing the reactive consumption of the load of the area to be analyzed.
Preferably, Q5L × a ÷ 100, where L denotes the total length of the grid line in kilometers for voltage classes 220kV and below, and a denotes the charging power per 100 km.
Preferably, 0. ltoreq.Q1≤Q1max,Q1max=5110MVar。
Preferably, Q2min≤Q2≤Q2max,Q2max=7312.46MVar,Q2min=1652MVar。
The invention has the advantages that the invention can analyze the power generation power and the reactive load power of the reactive power supply under the conditions of large load and small load, determine whether the 220kV power grid and the local 110kV and below power grids in the area to be analyzed reach the reactive layered balance, whether the power grid and the superior and subordinate power grids can keep the reactive layered balance, and whether enough reactive power supplies are reserved, and judge the adjustability of the reactive power compensation device of the 220kV power grid and the local 110kV and below power grids.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The method for analyzing the reactive power balance of the 220kV and following voltage class power grid in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
determining whether a 220kV power grid of a regional power grid to be analyzed and local 110kV and below power grids reach reactive layered balance or not according to the basic condition of the regional power grid to be analyzed and by combining a reactive overall balance equation of the power grid;
the overall balance equation is 0 ═ Q1+Q2+…Q5+Q8+Q9+…+Q13
Q1All the reactive power injected into the 220kV power grid from the outside is represented, namely the reactive power injected by the 500kV power grid;
Q2the reactive power generated at the generator end of the 220kV power grid and the power grid with the voltage class below the voltage class is represented;
Q3representing reactive losses on a 220kV line;
Q4the reactive power consumption of the booster transformer part of the auxiliary power/unit of the power plant of the 220kV power grid and the power grid with the lower voltage level is represented;
Q5the charging reactive power of the power grid line of the voltage class of 220kV and below is represented;
Q8the reactive power generated by the generator end of the regional 110kV or below voltage level power grid is represented;
Q9the reactive power generated by the capacitor of the capacitance belonging to the power grid with the voltage level of 110kV or below in the region is represented;
Q10the reactive power generated by the capacitor of the user of the power grid with the voltage level of 110kV or below in the region is represented;
Q11the reactive power generated by the agricultural capacitor of the regional 110kV and below voltage level power grid is represented;
Q12the reactive loss of distribution lines and transformers of the regional 110kV and below voltage level power grid is represented;
Q13representing the reactive consumption of the load of the area to be analyzed.
The specific embodiment is as follows: reactive power compensation equipment for A-area power grid and reactive power balance basic condition
By the end of 2019, the total capacity of a parallel compensation capacitor of a 220kV transformer substation in a power grid in the area A is 1607.848MVar, the total capacity of a parallel reactor is 530MVar, and the total capacity of a capacitor in the whole grid is 9116.14 MVar.
The predicted reactive power balance of the 220kV power grid in the area A in 2019 is detailed in the following table, and the negative part in the table represents reactive power consumption.
220kV and below voltage class power grid reactive power balance condition table in 12019 years
Figure RE-GDA0002828016790000031
Figure RE-GDA0002828016790000041
1. Establishing a reactive overall balance equation: according to table 1, the balance equation of the reactive condition of the 220kV and following voltage class power grid in the area a is as follows:
0=∑Q=Qi+Q8+Q9+…+Q13
wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0002828016790000042
Figure RE-GDA0002828016790000043
the reactive power sum of local power grids is changed from the 220kV main side to the middle and low voltage side.
Since the 220kV power grid in the area A is separated from the B power grid, Q1Namely injecting all the reactive power of the 220kV power grid in the area A from the outside; q3The statistic is a pure loss part, and the charging reactive power of the line is already counted into a reactive power part; q12Only the pure loss is counted;
it can be seen that, under the condition of large load of the power grid, the reactive power injected by 220kV is about 3752 MVar; under the condition of small load, the reactive power of the 220kV injection is about 2520MVar, and the 220kV power grid and the local power grid reach reactive layered balance.
2. Specifically analyzing the balance conditions of the generated power and the reactive load power of the reactive power supply part:
under the condition of large load of the power grid, the generated power of all reactive power supplies of the power grid with 220kV and the following voltage classes in the province is fully calculated:
∑Qhair-like device=Q1+Q2+Q5+Q8+Q9+Q10+Q11=17685.14MVar
Under the condition of small load of the power grid, the generated power of all the reactive power supplies of the power grid with the voltage class of 220kV or below is fully saved:
∑Qhair-like device=Q1+Q2+Q5+Q8+Q9+Q10+Q11=11137.72MVar
Wherein, the reactive load part:
the reactive load part of the 220kV and following voltage class power grid in the A area comprises:
therefore, under the condition of large load of the power grid, the power of all reactive loads of the power grid with the voltage class of 220kV and below is fully saved:
∑Qload(s)=Q3+Q4+Q12+Q13=-17704MVar
Under the condition of small load of the power grid, the power of all the loads of the reactive power supply of the power grid with the voltage class of 220kV or below is fully saved:
∑Qload(s)=Q3+Q4+Q12+Q13=-11157.55MVar
3. Other singles of the reactive power supply:
1) reactive (Q) injected by 500kV system1)
Since the tap position of the 500/220kV main transformer is determined, the reactive power injected by the 500kV system can be given according to the load condition of 2019 and the corresponding power flow calculation result.
From the power flow calculation result, Q1=979MVar。
The value shows that the grid structure of 500kV and 220kV of the power grid is uniform, and the positions of the main transformer taps are reasonable. According to the actual operation condition of the power grid and the simulation calculation result, the main transformer power factors in the load center and the power supply center have larger difference.
The above analysis shows that under the condition of large load of the power grid, the 500kV system and the 220kV system keep reactive layered balance. When the 220kV power grid needs voltage support, reactive power and voltage support can be further provided.
If the active power of the 500kV power grid is further increased, the reactive power of the 500kV power grid is also increased. Because the 500kV transformation capacity is 20416.0MVA, the maximum value of 500kV reactive power is assumed that the active power reaches 10500MW under the condition of keeping the power factor to be 0.9 unchanged, and the maximum value is:
Q1max≈48.67%×10500MVar≈5110MVar
and the reactive power is not transmitted back under the condition of the valley by the minimum value of the 500kV reactive power, namely the reactive power is considered as 0.
Then, 0 is not more than Q1≤Q1max
2)220kV line charging reactive power (Q)5)
TABLE 2 equivalent capacitance and hundred kilometers charging power for different types of conductors
Figure RE-GDA0002828016790000051
According to equivalent capacitance and charging power of different types of wires listed in table 2, the total length of a 220kV line of a power grid in an area A is 15528.77km, wherein the length of two split wires is basically the same as that of a single wire, so that the charging power per 100km is 14MVar, and the charging power of the 220kV power grid line is taken as follows:
Q5≈15528.77km×14MVar÷100km≈2173.92MVar
it can be seen that the charging reactive power of the 220kV line is only related to the line length and the wire type. The charging reactive power of the 220kV line of the power grid is basically a fixed value.
3) Reactive (Q) for generator to access network2)
The power factors of 220kV grid-connected generators can reach 0.85 except that the power factors of a #3 unit and a #4 unit (single 600MW) of the Kazakh-Sanjie plant and a hydroelectric generating set are 0.9.
Under the condition of a large load of a power grid, a 220kV grid-connected generator generates 10620MW active power, and the starting capacity is approximately 11800MW when the average load rate of a unit is considered to be 90%. Assuming that the power factor of the starting mode is 0.85, the maximum reactive power generation capacity is as follows:
Q2max≈61.97%×11800MVar≈7312.46MVar
under the condition of not considering the phase advance, the minimum reactive power generation capacity of the 220kV grid-connected unit can be considered according to a power factor of about 0.99, so that:
Q2min≈14%×11800MVar≈1652MVar
it is known that Q2min≤Q2≤Q2max
4) The capacitive reactive power compensator generates reactive power
By the end of 2019, the total capacity of a parallel compensation capacitor of a 220kV transformer substation in a power grid in the area A is 1607.848MVar, the total capacity of a parallel reactor is 530MVar, and the total capacity of a capacitor in the whole grid is 9116.14 MVar.
According to the actual operation condition of the power grid and the actual maintenance condition of the reactive power compensation devices in various regions, the device investment rate of the 220kV power grid can be calculated according to 90%, and the device investment rate of the regional power grid can be calculated according to 80%.
Q220kVmax≈90%×1607.848MVar≈1447.06MVar
QBelonged max≈80%×(Q9+Q10+Q11)=80%×6117.478MVar≈4893.98MVar
When the valley time in winter is up, all the 220kV capacitive reactive compensation devices are adjustable, but part of the capacitors are not cut off in a low-load mode, and the capacitors are considered in calculation according to the input capacity of 100 MVar. The regional capacitive compensation device has low adjustment capability, only the 110kV equipment which is controlled by the ground and large users sensitive to voltage can be adjusted in time, and the rest equipment can be adjusted or not adjusted according to seasons.
5) Reactive (Q) of inductive reactive power compensation device9)
According to the reactive power statistics, the total amount of the inductive reactive power compensation devices of the 220kV voltage class power grid in the area A is 530MVar, and the devices are mainly reactors and are used for absorbing surplus reactive power in the power grid. For various reasons, part of the reactor is not cut off in a heavy load mode. Under the condition that the power grid is under a large load, the reactor which is not cut off in the reactive balance table is considered according to 150 MVar. Under the condition of small load, the reactor input is calculated according to 450 MVar. The calculated value basically accords with the actual operation condition of the power grid.
And (4) analyzing and concluding: the reactive power supply of the power grid of 220kV and below in the area A has sufficient reserve, and meets the requirement that the reactive power supply is larger than the maximum natural reactive load in the technical guidance of power system voltage and reactive power. Under the conditions of large load and small load, the A area power grid can keep reactive layered balance with the upper level power grid and the lower level power grid, and has enough reactive power supply reserve. The reactive power compensation device of the 220kV substation of the power grid in the area A is switched to regulate the voltage along with the voltage condition, and the reactive power compensation device of the power grid in the area A is poor in regulation performance. With the further increase of the load peak-valley difference of the provincial power grid, the importance of the reactive power compensation device of the 220kV substation is more obvious.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims (4)

1. The method for analyzing the reactive power balance of the power grid with the voltage class of 220kV or below is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining whether a 220kV power grid of a regional power grid to be analyzed and local 110kV and below power grids reach reactive layered balance or not according to the basic condition of the regional power grid to be analyzed and by combining a reactive overall balance equation of the power grid;
the overall balance equation is 0 ═ Q1+Q2+…Q5+Q8+Q9+…+Q13
Q1Represents the total reactive power injected into the 220kV power grid from the outside;
Q2the reactive power generated at the generator end of the 220kV power grid and the power grid with the voltage class below the voltage class is represented;
Q3representing reactive losses on a 220kV line;
Q4the reactive power consumption of the booster transformer part of the auxiliary power/unit of the power plant of the 220kV power grid and the power grid with the lower voltage level is represented;
Q5the charging reactive power of the power grid line of the voltage class of 220kV and below is represented;
Q8the reactive power generated by the generator end of the regional 110kV or below voltage level power grid is represented;
Q9the reactive power generated by the capacitor of the capacitance belonging to the power grid with the voltage level of 110kV or below in the region is represented;
Q10the reactive power generated by the capacitor of the user of the power grid with the voltage level of 110kV or below in the region is represented;
Q11the reactive power generated by the agricultural capacitor of the regional 110kV and below voltage level power grid is represented;
Q12the reactive loss of distribution lines and transformers of the regional 110kV and below voltage level power grid is represented;
Q13representing the reactive consumption of the load of the area to be analyzed.
2. The method for analyzing reactive power balance of 220kV and below voltage class power grid according to claim 1, wherein Q is Q5L × a ÷ 100, where L denotes the total length of the grid line in kilometers for voltage classes 220kV and below, and a denotes the charging power per 100 km.
3. The method for analyzing reactive power balance of 220kV and below voltage level power grid according to claim 1, wherein Q is 0 ≦ Q1≤Q1max,Q1max=5110MVar。
4. The method of claim 1The method for analyzing the reactive power balance of the power grid with the voltage class of 220kV or below is characterized in that Q2min≤Q2≤Q2max,Q2max=7312.46MVar,Q2min=1652MVar。
CN202011204377.0A 2020-11-02 2020-11-02 Analysis method for reactive power balance of 220kV and below voltage level power grid Pending CN112271735A (en)

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CN103414197A (en) * 2012-11-22 2013-11-27 陕西省电力公司规划评审中心 Reactive-load compensation equipment configuration method for large-scale wind power delivery system
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Application publication date: 20210126