CN112271052A - Superconducting magnet cryogenic system - Google Patents
Superconducting magnet cryogenic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112271052A CN112271052A CN202011264008.0A CN202011264008A CN112271052A CN 112271052 A CN112271052 A CN 112271052A CN 202011264008 A CN202011264008 A CN 202011264008A CN 112271052 A CN112271052 A CN 112271052A
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- temperature heat
- cold
- heat insulation
- insulation container
- refrigerator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/04—Cooling
Abstract
The invention discloses a superconducting magnet cryogenic system which sequentially comprises a low-temperature heat insulation container, a medium-temperature heat insulation container and a normal-temperature heat insulation container from inside to outside, wherein the medium-temperature heat insulation container and the normal-temperature heat insulation container are kept in vacuum; a refrigerator is hermetically arranged on the normal-temperature heat insulation container, and a cold head for cold conduction of the refrigerator is positioned in vacuum interlayers of the medium-temperature heat insulation container and the normal-temperature heat insulation container; the low-temperature heat insulation container is internally provided with a central cold conduction ring and a coil hoop assembly which can realize rapid heat transfer; a cold guide part is arranged between a cold head of the refrigerator and the central cold guide ring, a cold guide part is arranged between the central cold guide ring and the coil hoop assembly, and the cold head of the refrigerator transmits cold energy to the coil assembly through the central cold guide ring and the coil hoop assembly; the invention adopts a heat transfer mode to transfer cold energy, and saves the consumption of low-temperature liquid such as liquid helium compared with a refrigeration mode of adopting liquid helium to reach superconducting temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of superconducting equipment, in particular to a superconducting magnet cryogenic system.
Background
The low-temperature superconducting material NbTi needs to work under the temperature condition of about 4K, liquid helium is widely used for cooling in the field of the superconducting magnet at present, and the low-temperature environment required by the low-temperature superconducting material NbTi superconducting wire is provided by a cooling mode of soaking the liquid helium in a container with the liquid helium. In the process from temperature reduction to steady-state operation, more low-temperature liquid is consumed, and the cost of liquid helium is high, so that the cost is not reduced.
For those skilled in the art, how to reduce the cryogenic liquid used in the refrigeration process of the superconducting cryogenic environment is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a superconducting magnet low-temperature system, which transfers the cold energy of a refrigerator in a heat conduction mode, does not need low-temperature liquid in the refrigeration process, and reduces the cost, and the specific scheme is as follows:
a superconducting magnet cryogenic system comprises a low-temperature heat insulation container, a medium-temperature heat insulation container and a normal-temperature heat insulation container which are nested layer by layer, wherein the medium-temperature heat insulation container and the normal-temperature heat insulation container are kept in vacuum;
a refrigerator is hermetically arranged on the normal-temperature heat insulation container, and a cold head for cold conduction of the refrigerator is positioned in vacuum interlayers of the medium-temperature heat insulation container and the normal-temperature heat insulation container;
a central cold conducting ring and a coil hoop assembly are arranged in the low-temperature heat-insulating container; and a cold guide part is arranged between the cold head of the refrigerator and the central cold guide ring, a cold guide part is arranged between the central cold guide ring and the coil hoop assembly, and the cold head of the refrigerator transmits cold energy to the coil assembly through the central cold guide ring and the coil hoop assembly.
Optionally, a double-layer sealing groove is formed in the outer wall of the normal-temperature heat insulation container, and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove to keep the normal-temperature heat insulation container and the refrigerator sealed.
Optionally, the central cold-conducting ring is mounted on the stainless steel framework, and the central cold-conducting ring is symmetrically distributed at the symmetric center of the low-temperature heat-insulating container; the central cold conducting ring is connected with the cold head of the refrigerator through a soft copper wire harness in a heat conducting mode.
Optionally, the central cold conducting ring is a copper cylinder; the central cold guide ring is formed by splicing two semicircular rings.
Optionally, the coil hoop assembly is a copper cylinder; the coil hoop component is formed by splicing two semicircular rings; and 1-2 layers of stainless steel wires or aluminum wires are wound on the outer surface of the coil hoop component so as to tightly hoop the coil hoop component to the outer surface of the coil component.
Optionally, the central cold conducting ring and the coil hoop assembly are connected through copper foil to transfer heat.
Optionally, an exhaust pipe is communicated with the upper portion of the low-temperature heat insulation container, and the exhaust pipe penetrates through the medium-temperature heat insulation container and the normal-temperature heat insulation container and can inject a cooling medium into the low-temperature heat insulation container.
Optionally, the cold head of the refrigerator includes a primary cold head and a secondary cold head, and the secondary cold head is connected to the central cold conducting ring in a heat conducting manner;
the first-stage cold head is in heat conduction connection with the medium-temperature heat insulation container through a soaking wire.
Optionally, a heat equalizing wire is connected between the middle part of the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe and the medium-temperature heat-insulating container.
The invention provides a superconducting magnet cryogenic system, which sequentially comprises a low-temperature heat insulation container, a medium-temperature heat insulation container and a normal-temperature heat insulation container from inside to outside, wherein the medium-temperature heat insulation container and the normal-temperature heat insulation container are kept in vacuum; a refrigerator is hermetically arranged on the normal-temperature heat insulation container, and a cold head for cold conduction of the refrigerator is positioned in vacuum interlayers of the medium-temperature heat insulation container and the normal-temperature heat insulation container; the low-temperature heat insulation container is internally provided with a central cold conduction ring and a coil hoop assembly which can realize rapid heat transfer; a cold guide part is arranged between a cold head of the refrigerator and the central cold guide ring, a cold guide part is arranged between the central cold guide ring and the coil hoop assembly, and the cold head of the refrigerator transmits cold energy to the coil assembly through the central cold guide ring and the coil hoop assembly; the invention adopts a heat transfer mode to transfer cold energy, and saves the consumption of low-temperature liquid such as liquid helium compared with a refrigeration mode of adopting liquid helium to reach superconducting temperature.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a superconducting magnet cryogenic system provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial structural view of a refrigerator mounted on a room temperature heat-insulating container;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a central cold-conducting ring;
fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the cooperation between the central cold conducting ring and the coil hoop assembly.
The figure includes:
the low-temperature heat insulation container 1, the medium-temperature heat insulation container 2, the soaking line 21, the normal-temperature heat insulation container 3, the double-layer sealing groove 31, the refrigerator 4, the primary cold head 41, the secondary cold head 42, the central cold conducting ring 5, the soft copper wire harness 51, the coil hoop assembly 6, the copper foil 61, the coil assembly 7 and the exhaust pipe 8.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a superconducting magnet low-temperature system, the cold energy of a refrigerator is transferred in a heat conduction mode, the refrigeration process can be carried out without low-temperature liquid, and the cost is reduced.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the superconducting magnet cryogenic system of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a superconducting magnet cryogenic system provided by the present invention; the superconducting magnet low-temperature system comprises a low-temperature heat insulation container 1, a medium-temperature heat insulation container 2 and a normal-temperature heat insulation container 3 which are nested layer by layer, wherein the low-temperature heat insulation container 1, the medium-temperature heat insulation container 2 and the normal-temperature heat insulation container 3 play a heat insulation role, the low-temperature heat insulation container 1 can be a 4K container, the medium-temperature heat insulation container 2 can be a 50K container, and the normal-temperature heat insulation container 3 can.
The low-temperature heat insulation container 1 is positioned in the medium-temperature heat insulation container 2, and the medium-temperature heat insulation container 2 is positioned in the normal-temperature heat insulation container 3. The medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2 and the normal-temperature heat-insulating container 3 are kept in vacuum, the good sealing effect is kept between the medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2 and the normal-temperature heat-insulating container 3, and a cylindrical vacuum interlayer is formed between the medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2 and the normal-temperature heat-insulating container 3.
A refrigerator 4 is hermetically arranged on the normal-temperature heat-insulation container 3, a flange of the refrigerator 4 is fixedly arranged on the wall of the normal-temperature heat-insulation container 3, one part of the refrigerator 4 is positioned outside the normal-temperature heat-insulation container 3, and the main part is positioned inside the normal-temperature heat-insulation container 3; the cold head of the refrigerator 4 for cold conduction is positioned in the vacuum interlayer of the medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2 and the normal-temperature heat-insulating container 3, and cold energy is transferred to the interior of the normal-temperature heat-insulating container 3 through the cold head of the refrigerator 4, so that the temperature is reduced.
A central cold conducting ring 5 and a coil hoop component 6 are arranged in the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1; the central cold conducting ring 5 and the coil hoop assembly 6 are both made of materials with high heat conductivity and can conduct cold quickly. A cold guide part is arranged between a cold head of the refrigerator 4 and the central cold guide ring 5, a cold guide part is arranged between the central cold guide ring 5 and the coil hoop assembly 6, and cold energy is transferred to the coil assembly 7 by the cold head of the refrigerator 4 through the central cold guide ring 5 and the coil hoop assembly 6.
The coil assembly 7 is placed in the low-temperature heat insulation container 1, and is kept in heat insulation with the outside through three layers of heat insulation structures of the low-temperature heat insulation container 1, the medium-temperature heat insulation container 2 and the normal-temperature heat insulation container 3, when the refrigerator 4 works, cold energy is gradually transmitted to the central cold conduction ring 5 and the coil hoop assembly 6 through a cold head of the refrigerator, the temperature of the coil assembly 7 is gradually reduced, and finally the coil assembly 7 reaches the temperature required by superconduction. The invention adopts the heat conduction structure of the low-temperature heat insulation container 1, so that the coil assembly 7 can still realize excitation and long-term stable closed-loop operation under the working condition of no liquid helium soaking, and the consumption of low-temperature liquid such as liquid helium is saved. Compared with the traditional refrigeration structure, the invention cancels a cold head container, and directly extends the cold head of the refrigerator 4 into the low-temperature heat insulation container 1, thereby effectively reducing the heat leakage of the low-temperature heat insulation container 1 positioned in the medium-temperature heat insulation container 2.
On the basis of the above scheme, as shown in fig. 2, it is a partial structure diagram of the refrigerator 4 mounted on the normal temperature heat insulation container 3; according to the invention, the double-layer sealing grooves 31 are arranged on the outer wall of the normal-temperature heat-insulating container 3, each sealing groove 31 is annular, a sealing ring is respectively arranged in each sealing groove 31, and the sealing between the normal-temperature heat-insulating container 3 and the refrigerator 4 is kept through the double-layer sealing rings, so that the vacuum sealing effect is ensured.
Specifically, the central cold-conducting ring 5 is arranged on a stainless steel framework, the stainless steel framework supports the central cold-conducting ring 5, and the central cold-conducting ring 5 can be in contact with the inner surface of the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1 or be separated from the inner surface by a certain distance; the central cold conducting rings 5 are symmetrically distributed at the symmetric center of the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1, as shown in fig. 1, the central cold conducting rings 5 are arranged at the center line of the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1, and the distances from the left to the right are equal, so that equal heat can be transmitted to the left and the right respectively.
The central cold conducting ring 5 is connected with the cold head of the refrigerator 4 through the soft copper wire harness 51 in a heat conducting manner, the soft copper wire harness 51 has a good heat conducting effect and certain deformability, and stress caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold generated during temperature change can be offset.
As shown in fig. 3, it is a schematic structural view of the central cold conducting ring 5; the central cold conducting ring 5 is a copper cylinder, and adopts a higher RRR value (residual resistivity, i.e. the ratio of normal temperature resistance to low temperature resistance in the same size) and a certain amount of thickness to ensure good heat conducting effect. The central cold guide ring 5 is formed by splicing two semicircular rings, and is convenient to mount and dismount.
Correspondingly, the coil hoop component 6 is a copper cylinder; the coil hoop component 6 is formed by splicing two semicircular rings, and the coil hoop component 6 is similar to the central cold conducting ring 5 in structure and structure, so that similar technical effects can be achieved.
The outer surface coiling 1 ~ 2 layers of stainless steel wire or aluminium silk of coil staple bolt subassembly 6 to the surface of coil subassembly 7 is cramped to coil staple bolt subassembly 6, makes coil staple bolt subassembly 6 and coil subassembly 7 closely laminate, guarantees heat-conducting effect.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the cooperation between the central cooling conductive ring 5 and the coil hoop assembly 6, and fig. 4 is a view corresponding to the top view of fig. 1; the central cold conduction ring 5 and the coil hoop assemblies 6 are connected through copper foils 61 to transfer heat, the copper foils 61 are copper sheets which can deform to a certain degree and can offset stress generated by temperature change, one central cold conduction ring 5 and a plurality of coil hoop assemblies 6 are arranged as shown in fig. 4, and each coil hoop assembly 6 is in thermal connection with the central cold conduction ring 5 through a plurality of copper foils 61 to realize heat transfer; the copper foil has good heat conductivity, so that the cold energy is transferred quickly.
On the basis of any one of the technical schemes and the combination of the technical schemes, the upper part of the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 8, the exhaust pipe 8 is communicated with the interior of the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1, the exhaust pipe 8 extends outwards to extend through the medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2 and the normal-temperature heat-insulating container 3 and is connected with an air source, and a cooling medium can be injected into the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1.
In the precooling stage, if the cooling rate needs to be increased, liquid nitrogen can be injected into the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1 through the exhaust pipe 8, so that the coil assembly 7 is in contact with the liquid nitrogen to complete the process of cooling from 300K to 77K; when liquid helium needs to be injected, the coil assembly 7 is cooled from 77K to 4K, so that the cooling rate is accelerated; when the coil assembly 7 is excited in a liquid helium-free state, the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1 can be vacuumized to below 10Pa through the exhaust pipe 8 in a temperature range of 40K, and the coil assembly 7 works in a vacuum state.
The cold head of the refrigerator 4 comprises a first-stage cold head 41 and a second-stage cold head 42, the second-stage cold head 42 is connected with the central cold conduction ring 5 in a heat conduction mode, low-temperature glue is evenly coated between the soft copper wire harness 51 and the second-stage cold head 42, and the model is Apizon N to improve thermal contact; as shown in fig. 1, the primary cold head 41 is thermally connected to the medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2 through the soaking wire 21, and conducts cold to the medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2, so that the medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2 is kept at a low temperature of 50K.
A heat equalizing line 21 is connected between the middle part of the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 8 and the medium-temperature heat-insulating container 2, the middle part of the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 8 is kept at low temperature through the heat equalizing line 21, and the influence of the external temperature on the internal temperature of the low-temperature heat-insulating container 1 through the exhaust pipe 8 is reduced.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A superconducting magnet cryogenic system is characterized by comprising a low-temperature heat insulation container (1), a medium-temperature heat insulation container (2) and a normal-temperature heat insulation container (3) which are nested layer by layer, wherein the medium-temperature heat insulation container (2) and the normal-temperature heat insulation container (3) are kept in vacuum;
a refrigerator (4) is hermetically arranged on the normal-temperature heat-insulating container (3), and a cold head of the refrigerator (4) for cold conduction is positioned in vacuum interlayers of the medium-temperature heat-insulating container (2) and the normal-temperature heat-insulating container (3);
a central cold conduction ring (5) and a coil hoop component (6) are arranged in the low-temperature heat insulation container (1); and a cold guide part is arranged between a cold head of the refrigerator (4) and the central cold guide ring (5), a cold guide part is arranged between the central cold guide ring (5) and the coil hoop assembly (6), and the cold head of the refrigerator (4) transmits cold energy to the coil assembly (7) through the central cold guide ring (5) and the coil hoop assembly (6).
2. A superconducting magnet cryogenic system according to claim 1, wherein a double-layer sealing groove (31) is arranged on the outer wall of the normal temperature heat insulation container (3), and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove (31) to maintain the seal between the normal temperature heat insulation container (3) and the refrigerator (4).
3. A superconducting magnet cryogenic system according to claim 1, wherein the central cold conducting ring (5) is mounted on a stainless steel skeleton, the central cold conducting ring (5) being symmetrically distributed in the symmetrical center of the cryogenic insulating vessel (1); the central cold conducting ring (5) is in heat conducting connection with the cold head of the refrigerator (4) through a soft copper wire harness (51).
4. A superconducting magnet cryogenic system according to claim 3, wherein the central cold conducting ring (5) is a copper cylinder; the central cold guide ring (5) is formed by splicing two semicircular rings.
5. A superconducting magnet cryogenic system according to claim 3, wherein the coil hoop assembly (6) is a copper cylinder; the coil hoop component (6) is formed by splicing two semicircular rings; and 1-2 layers of stainless steel wires or aluminum wires are wound on the outer surface of the coil hoop component (6) so as to hoop the coil hoop component (6) to the outer surface of the coil component (7).
6. A superconducting magnet cryogenic system according to claim 1, wherein heat is transferred between the central cold conducting ring (5) and the coil hoop assembly (6) via a copper foil (61) connection.
7. Superconducting magnet cryogenic system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an exhaust pipe (8) is communicated with the upper part of the cryogenic insulating container (1), the exhaust pipe (8) penetrates through the medium-temperature insulating container (2) and the normal-temperature insulating container (3), and a cooling medium can be injected into the cryogenic insulating container (1).
8. A superconducting magnet cryogenic system according to claim 7, wherein the coldhead of the refrigerator (4) comprises a primary coldhead (41) and a secondary coldhead (42), the secondary coldhead (42) being thermally connected to the central cold conducting ring (5);
the primary cold head (41) is in heat conduction connection with the medium-temperature heat insulation container (2) through a heat equalizing wire (21).
9. Superconducting magnet cryogenic system according to claim 8, characterized in that a soaking wire (21) is connected between the middle of the tube wall of the exhaust tube (8) and the medium temperature insulated vessel (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011264008.0A CN112271052A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Superconducting magnet cryogenic system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011264008.0A CN112271052A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Superconducting magnet cryogenic system |
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| CN112271052A true CN112271052A (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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| CN202011264008.0A Pending CN112271052A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Superconducting magnet cryogenic system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113993236A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-01-28 | 国核铀业发展有限责任公司 | Liquid helium-free superconducting induction heating device |
-
2020
- 2020-11-12 CN CN202011264008.0A patent/CN112271052A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113993236A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-01-28 | 国核铀业发展有限责任公司 | Liquid helium-free superconducting induction heating device |
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Address after: 315300 No. 427, Gaoke Avenue, Cixi High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: Ningbo Jianxin Superconducting Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 315301 No.427, Gaoke Avenue, Cixi hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Applicant before: NINGBO JANSEN NMR TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |