CN112267066B - Hot rolled steel plate for 1800 MPa-grade hot stamping wheel rim and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Hot rolled steel plate for 1800 MPa-grade hot stamping wheel rim and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
Abstract
The invention discloses a hot rolled steel plate for a 1800 MPa-level hot stamping wheel rim and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 0.33% -0.35%, Si: 0.01% -0.10%, Mn: 1.10% -1.45%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.004%, Al: 0.015% -0.055%, Nb: 0.025-0.040%, V: 0.02 to 0.04%, Mo: 0.26-0.35%, B: 0.002-0.004%, rare earth element La + Ce: 0.020-0.034%, N less than or equal to 0.003% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steel plate for an automobile, in particular to a hot rolled steel plate for a hot stamping wheel rim with good surface quality and impact property and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, in order to meet the goals of safety, environmental protection and energy conservation, automobile enterprises have increasingly put forward the requirements of light weight of the whole automobile and safety of collision. In order to meet the development requirements of the automobile industry, steel enterprises continuously develop products such as high-strength steel, advanced high-strength steel, ultrahigh-strength steel, hot forming steel and the like, correspondingly develop advanced steel plate deep processing technologies such as hot forming, hydraulic forming, spinning forming and the like, and ensure that high-performance materials are widely applied to automobile body manufacturing. As an important component of an automobile, the development of light weight of automobile wheels is continuously accelerated, and the production of the wheels by adopting high-strength and ultrahigh-strength steel with excellent performance is an effective way for realizing the aims of light weight and safety. At present, along with the improvement of the production process of automobile wheels, steel is required to have good strength indexes and forming performance indexes, and also required to have good surface quality, dimensional accuracy, impact toughness and the like so as to meet the requirements of use, forming and appearance of the steel. In view of the good characteristics of the hot stamping technology, steel mills and automobile wheel production enterprises at home and abroad introduce the hot stamping technology into the field of automobile wheel manufacturing at present, and the aims of light weight and safety of the wheels can be achieved to a great extent. However, when the conventional hot stamping steel is used for manufacturing wheels, the problems of surface quality, impact performance and the like generally exist, the manufacturing requirements of automobile wheels are not met, and the hot stamping steel is particularly not suitable for a process for producing wheel rims by performing in advance before hot stamping.
In view of the above problems, it is imperative to develop hot rolled steel sheets for hot stamped wheel rims having good surface quality and impact properties.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art and aiming at the development requirements of light weight and safety of automobiles, the invention provides a hot-rolled steel plate for a hot-stamping wheel rim with good surface quality and impact property and a manufacturing method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hot rolled steel plate for a 1800 MPa-grade hot stamping wheel rim is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.33% -0.35%, Si: 0.01% -0.10%, Mn: 1.10% -1.45%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.004%, Al: 0.015% -0.055%, Nb: 0.025-0.040%, V: 0.02 to 0.04%, Mo: 0.26-0.35%, B: 0.002-0.004%, rare earth element La + Ce: 0.020% -0.034%, and N is less than or equal to 0.003%: the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The tensile strength of the hot rolled steel plate is 480-530MPa, the yield strength is 330-380MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 28 percent, the band structure is less than or equal to 1.0 grade, and the grade of the non-metallic inclusions is less than or equal to 1.0 grade; the thickness specification of the steel plate is 3-6mm, and the surface of the steel plate has no defects of scale stripes, color difference, cracks and the like.
When the steel plate is used for manufacturing the wheel rim, after more than 70% of predeformation and hot stamping forming, the steel plate structure is a full martensite structure, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1800MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 1450MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 8%, and the impact energy at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ is more than or equal to 110J.
The manufacturing method of the hot rolled steel plate for the 1800 MPa-grade hot stamping wheel rim comprises the following steps of:
1. adopting RH + LF process, strictly controlling H, O content, H less than or equal to 0.0002%, O less than or equal to 0.0015%;
2. calcium treatment is carried out in the refining process, and w (Ca)/w (Al) is ensured to be 0.09-0.14;
3. electromagnetic stirring and soft reduction technology are put into the continuous casting process, the casting blank pulling speed is less than or equal to 1.1m/min, and stacking and slow cooling are carried out after the casting blank is off line;
4. heating the casting blank with the thickness of 170 plus 230mm to 1220 +/-20 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5-2 hours;
5. two-stage controlled rolling is adopted, the reduction rate of a non-recrystallization area is more than 92 percent, and the finish rolling temperature is 910-; after the final rolling, adopting a front-section rapid cooling mode, wherein the cooling speed is more than 60 ℃/s, cooling the steel plate to 670-;
6. the thickness of the finished hot rolled steel plate is 3-6 mm.
The steel plate of the invention mainly comprises the following components:
and C, ensuring the strength of the steel plate by using carbon, wherein the carbon content is too low, the strength of the steel plate after hot stamping cannot reach the expected target, the carbon content is too high, and the strength of the steel plate after hot rolling and coiling is high, so that the steel plate is not beneficial to predeformation. Meanwhile, the improvement of the carbon element is beneficial to improving the hardenability of the steel, and the optimal range of C in the invention is 0.33-0.35%.
Si: silicon is a solid-solution strengthening element, and has an effect of improving the strength of a steel sheet by a solid-solution strengthening effect and also improving the hardenability of the steel sheet. However, too high Si content causes a large amount of scale, color difference, etc. on the surface of the hot rolled steel sheet. The steel plate provided by the invention adopts a low-Si component system, and the Si content is 0.01-0.10%.
Mn: manganese also has the effect of improving the strength of the steel sheet by solid solution strengthening, and can also significantly improve the hardenability of the steel. However, the Mn content is too high, which deteriorates the uniformity of the steel sheet structure during the smelting and hot rolling processes and tends to cause severe band-shaped structure defects in the structure. In the invention, the Mn content is selected to be 1.10-1.45%.
P, S: phosphorus and sulfur are harmful elements, P is easy to cause the casting blank to have segregation defect, S can form MnS inclusion to deteriorate the microstructure, mechanical property and impact property of the steel plate, P is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, and S is less than or equal to 0.004 percent.
Al: the aluminum plays a role in deoxidation and nitrogen determination in the smelting process and can effectively improve the oxidation resistance of the steel plate, but excessive aluminum can cause a large amount of aluminum inclusions. The range of Al in the invention is 0.015% -0.055%.
Mo: molybdenum is a medium-strength carbide forming element and can improve the strength and toughness of the steel plate; mo can obviously improve the stability of austenite, increase the hardenability of steel and facilitate the transformation from austenite to martensite in the hot stamping process. The Mo content of the invention is 0.26-0.35%.
Nb: niobium mainly plays roles of fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening and the like in steel. At high temperature, niobium exists in austenite in a solid solution state, can inhibit austenite grain growth and static and dynamic recrystallization in a thermal deformation process, and can improve the recrystallization termination temperature and the finish rolling temperature; meanwhile, the niobium carbonitride precipitation can also delay recrystallization, thereby preventing austenite grains from growing large, having obvious fine grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening effects, effectively reducing the steel plate banded structure grade and improving the impact property. The optimum range of niobium content in the present invention is between 0.025 and 0.040%.
V: the vanadium has remarkable precipitation strengthening and fine-grain strengthening effects, the vanadium effect is mainly realized by forming precipitates with carbon and nitrogen, particularly VN precipitation formed by the vanadium and the nitrogen can greatly improve the strength of the steel plate, BN precipitation can be inhibited, and strength reduction caused by B precipitation is avoided. In addition, the addition of V can be combined with H to improve the delayed fracture resistance of the steel plate. The optimum range of vanadium in the present invention is 0.02-0.04%.
B: boron is added into the steel, so that the hardenability of the steel can be obviously improved, and the strength stability of the steel plate can be ensured after quenching. When the content of B is too low, the effect is not obvious, and when the content of B is too high, the B and N in the steel can easily form a compound of B, so that the performance of the steel plate is reduced. The content of B in the invention is 0.002-0.004%.
RE: the rare earth has strong deoxidizing and desulfurizing capacities, can change the appearance of sulfide inclusions, can improve the plasticity of the steel plate and reduce the anisotropy; the rare earth can improve the fatigue property of the steel plate, improve the welding property of the steel plate and simultaneously improve the cold forming property of the steel plate. The content of the rare earth (La + Ce) in the invention is 0.020-0.034%.
N: for B-containing steel, the lower the content of N, the better, but the lower the content of N, the production difficulty and the cost increase are caused, so the content of N is less than or equal to 0.003 percent in the invention.
The steel plate is designed by adopting low Si components, Nb, V, Mo, B and rare earth elements are added in a compounding way, the microstructure of the steel plate is effectively refined, the grades of the banded structure and the inclusion of the steel plate can be obviously reduced by matching with a reasonable hot rolling process, the impact property of the hot-stamped steel plate is improved, and the surface quality of the steel plate is good. The low strength of the steel plate is beneficial to the pre-deformation before hot stamping, and the addition of each alloy element ensures that the steel plate has good hardenability, ensures that the steel plate obtains a full martensite structure after hot stamping, and ensures that the strength of the steel plate reaches the expected target.
The hot rolled steel plate for the hot stamping wheel rim with excellent impact property has the following beneficial effects: the Si content in the components is low, and the surface quality of the steel plate is good; the coiling temperature is relatively high, the coiled steel plate is placed in a heat-insulating cover after being coiled, the strength of the steel plate is lower than 530MPa, and the smooth pre-deformation of the rim under the normal temperature condition before hot stamping is ensured; by adding rare earth elements into the components, strictly controlling the P, S content, carrying out wire feeding treatment in the smelting process, putting into electromagnetic stirring and light pressing and other measures, the steel plate has a banded structure and inclusion grade below 1.0 grade, and the forming requirement of the steel plate is met; the steel plate structure is refined through the action of alloy elements such as Nb, V, Mo and the like, and the hot stamped steel plate has good structural property uniformity and impact toughness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure of a hot rolled steel sheet according to example 3;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of a hot stamped steel sheet according to example 3.
Detailed Description
The following description is given with reference to specific examples:
the specific composition, temperature profile, and structure and properties of the steel sheet of 5 examples of the present invention are shown in tables 1 to 3. The mechanical properties of the steel sheet after pre-deformation and hot stamping in the rim manufacturing process are shown in table 4. The microstructure of the steel sheet of example 3 is shown in fig. 1, and is ferrite and pearlite; the structure of the steel sheet after hot stamping is fully martensitic, see fig. 2.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of inventive examples (wt%)
TABLE 2 temperature regime for the examples of the invention
TABLE 3 organization and mechanical Property parameters of embodiments of the invention
TABLE 4 mechanical Properties after Hot stamping of the examples of the invention
As can be seen from tables 1-4 and FIGS. 1-2, the hot rolled steel plate provided by the invention has lower strength and good structural uniformity, the steel plate meets the requirements of pre-deformation and hot stamping forming in the manufacturing process of the automobile rim, the tensile strength after hot stamping can reach more than 1800MPa, the elongation is higher than 8.0%, the hot rolled steel plate has good impact resistance, and the hot rolled steel plate can be used for manufacturing the automobile rim and can achieve remarkable light weight effect and safety target.
Claims (3)
1. A hot rolled steel plate for a 1800 MPa-grade hot stamping wheel rim is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.33% -0.35%, Si: 0.01% -0.10%, Mn: 1.10% -1.45%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.004%, Al: 0.015% -0.055%, Nb: 0.025-0.040%, V: 0.02 to 0.04%, Mo: 0.26-0.35%, B: 0.002-0.004%, rare earth element La + Ce: 0.020-0.034%, N is less than or equal to 0.003%, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities; the manufacturing method of the steel plate comprises the steps of adopting an RH + LF process, carrying out calcium treatment in a refining process, putting electromagnetic stirring and light reduction technologies in a continuous casting process, heating a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm, performing two-stage controlled rolling, wherein the reduction rate of a non-recrystallization zone is more than 92%, and the final rolling temperature is 910-; after the final rolling, adopting a front-section rapid cooling mode, wherein the cooling speed is more than 60 ℃/s, cooling the steel plate to 670-; the tensile strength of the steel plate is 480-530MPa, the yield strength is 330-380MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 28 percent, the band structure is less than or equal to 1.0 grade, and the grade of the non-metallic inclusion is less than or equal to 1.0 grade; when the steel plate is used for manufacturing the rim, after more than 70% of predeformation and hot stamping forming, the structure is a full martensite structure, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1800MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 1450MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 8%, and the impact energy at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ is more than or equal to 110J.
2. The hot rolled steel sheet for the 1800MPa class hot stamped wheel rim according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness specification of the steel plate is 3-6 mm.
3. A manufacturing method of the hot rolled steel plate for the 1800 MPa-level hot stamping wheel rim according to the claim 1 or 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. adopting RH + LF process, strictly controlling H, O content, H less than or equal to 0.0002%, O less than or equal to 0.0015%;
b. performing calcium treatment in a refining process to ensure that w (Ca)/w (Al) = 0.09-0.14;
c. electromagnetic stirring and soft reduction technology are put into the continuous casting process, the casting blank pulling speed is less than or equal to 1.1m/min, and stacking and slow cooling are carried out after the casting blank is off line;
d. heating the casting blank with the thickness of 170 plus 230mm to 1220 +/-20 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5-2 hours;
e. two-stage controlled rolling is adopted, the reduction rate of a non-recrystallization area is more than 92 percent, and the finish rolling temperature is 910-; and (3) after finishing rolling, adopting a front-section rapid cooling mode, cooling the steel plate to 670-.
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| CN114836696B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-06-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 390 MPa-level steel for automobile axle housing for hot stamping and production method thereof |
| CN116770173A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-09-19 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Low-cost high-strength thermoforming wheel and production method thereof |
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