CN112264941A - Novel superhard abrasive group and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel superhard abrasive group and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112264941A CN112264941A CN202011163219.5A CN202011163219A CN112264941A CN 112264941 A CN112264941 A CN 112264941A CN 202011163219 A CN202011163219 A CN 202011163219A CN 112264941 A CN112264941 A CN 112264941A
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- ceramic bond
- abrasive
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- superhard abrasive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
- B24D3/10—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements for porous or cellular structure, e.g. for use with diamonds as abrasives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of abrasive manufacturing, in particular to a novel superhard abrasive group and a preparation method thereof, wherein the novel superhard abrasive group comprises a solder alloy layer and a ceramic bond superhard abrasive, wherein the solder alloy layer externally coats the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and the solder alloy layer comprises a solder alloy and the superhard abrasive; the ceramic bond super-hard abrasive is formed by sintering a super-hard abrasive and a ceramic bond. In the high-temperature sintering process, the solder alloy in the solder alloy layer can generate wetting on the interface of the superhard abrasive and the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and forms metallurgical bonding based on element diffusion. Because the ceramic bond has air holes, the wetted solder alloy fills the air holes to form gradient distribution of the solder alloy, thereby realizing reliable connection of the solder alloy and the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and improving the strength of the ceramic bond superhard abrasive. Avoiding the problems of integral fragmentation, abrasive particle peeling and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of abrasive manufacturing, in particular to a novel superhard abrasive group and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-speed heavy-load high-efficiency grinding is a branch of grinding, and the processing environment is worse than that of common grinding, so that the high-speed heavy-load high-efficiency grinding tool has high requirements. Because of its ultra-high hardness and wear resistance, superabrasive represented by diamond and cubic boron nitride is widely used in the field of abrasive tool manufacturing. The manufacture of composite abrasive tools by making superabrasive materials into consolidated grains or segments is a new direction in current mold manufacture. The production of consolidated grains or segments of superabrasive material has become a critical issue in this direction.
The ceramic binder has the characteristics of good self-sharpening property, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and is a high-performance binder. However, the strength of the ceramic binder is not high and the impact resistance is not good. The metal bond has good strength and toughness. Ceramic-metal composite binders prepared from ceramic binders and metal binders have been widely used. However, when the composite bond faces load impact, the problems of integral fragmentation, abrasive particle peeling and the like still occur. Therefore, a novel superabrasive group and a preparation method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a novel superhard abrasive group and a preparation method thereof, which have the characteristics of improving the strength of the ceramic bond superhard abrasive and improving the grinding efficiency of the prepared particles, and solve the problems of integral fragmentation and abrasive particle peeling of the existing composite bond when the existing composite bond is subjected to load impact.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a novel superhard abrasive group comprises a solder alloy layer and a ceramic bond superhard abrasive, wherein the solder alloy layer coats the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and the solder alloy layer comprises a solder alloy and the superhard abrasive; the ceramic bond super-hard abrasive is formed by sintering a super-hard abrasive and a ceramic bond.
Preferably, the super-hard abrasive is one or a combination of diamond and cubic boron nitride, and the grain diameter is 0.001-5 mm.
A preparation method of a novel superhard abrasive material group comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the ceramic bond raw materials, ball-milling for 4-8h, and sieving;
s2, placing the sieved raw materials in a resistance furnace, keeping the smelting temperature at 1200-1500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3h, and then performing water quenching, crushing, grinding and sieving to obtain a basic ceramic bond;
s3, mixing the powdery metal raw materials, ball-milling for 4-8h, and sieving to obtain a brazing filler metal;
s4, adding 1-10% of brazing filler metal into the basic ceramic bond, and performing ball milling and sieving to obtain the ceramic bond;
s5, mixing the ceramic bond, the super-hard abrasive and the temporary bond, putting the mixture into a die, and dry-pressing the mixture into a blank under the pressure of 100-200 MPa;
s6, drying the blank at 50-300 ℃ to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material with a specified shape, crushing and sieving the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material with a random shape;
s7, mixing 50-80% of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive with 5-30% of brazing alloy, 5-20% of super-hard abrasive and 5-19% of temporary bonding agent by mass percent, uniformly mixing, and taking out to obtain an unfired blank;
s8, placing the green blank in a high-temperature sintering furnace, sintering at 750-.
Preferably, the ceramic bond raw material is 30-80 wt% of SiO2、5-30wt％Al2O3、10-40wt％B2O3、3-10wt％Na2O、3-10wt％K2O、3-10wt％Li2O、3-10wt％CeO2、3-10wt％ZrO2、3-10wt％ZnO、3-10wt％CaO、3-10wt％MgO、3-10wt％BaO、3-10wt％PbO、3-10wt％Sb2O3And 3-10 wt% of P2O5。
Preferably, the brazing filler metal raw material comprises 50-90 wt% of Cu, 10-40 wt% of Sn, 10-40 wt% of Ti, 1-10 wt% of Fe, 1-10 wt% of Co, 1-10 wt% of Ni and 1-10 wt% of Cr.
Preferably, the super-hard abrasive is one or a combination of diamond and cubic boron nitride, and the grain diameter is 0.001-5 mm.
Preferably, the temporary bonding agent is one or more of liquid resin, liquid paraffin, polyvinyl acetate, perchloroethylene, polyisobutylene and polyvinyl alcohol.
The invention provides a novel superhard abrasive group and a preparation method thereof, wherein in the high-temperature firing process, a solder alloy in a solder alloy layer can be wetted on an interface between the superhard abrasive and a ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and a metallurgical bond is formed based on element diffusion. Because the ceramic bond has air holes, the wetted solder alloy fills the air holes to form gradient distribution of the solder alloy, thereby realizing reliable connection of the solder alloy and the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and improving the strength of the ceramic bond superhard abrasive. Avoiding the problems of integral fragmentation, abrasive particle peeling and the like. The brazing filler metal alloy layer realizes that a plurality of layers of brazing superhard abrasive particles are introduced outside the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and the grinding efficiency of the prepared particles can be improved. The invention has the characteristics of simple manufacturing process, convenient operation and low preparation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylindrical brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond superabrasive material according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a solder alloy; 2. a superabrasive material; 3. and (3) ceramic bond.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a novel superhard abrasive group comprises a solder alloy layer and a ceramic bond superhard abrasive, wherein the solder alloy layer coats the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and the solder alloy layer comprises a solder alloy 1 and a superhard abrasive 2; the ceramic bond superhard abrasive is formed by sintering a superhard abrasive 2 and a ceramic bond.
Abrasives are sharp, hard materials used to grind softer material surfaces. The abrasives include two types, namely natural abrasives and artificial abrasives. Two categories of superabrasive and common abrasive are classified according to hardness.
A preparation method of a novel superhard abrasive material group comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the ceramic bond raw materials, ball-milling for 4-8h, and sieving;
s2, placing the sieved raw materials in a resistance furnace, keeping the smelting temperature at 1200-1500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3h, and then performing water quenching, crushing, grinding and sieving to obtain a basic ceramic bond;
s3, mixing the powdery metal raw materials, ball-milling for 4-8h, and sieving to obtain a brazing filler metal;
s4, adding 1-10% of brazing filler metal into the basic ceramic bond, and performing ball milling and sieving to obtain a ceramic bond 3;
s5, mixing the ceramic bond 3, the super-hard abrasive 2 and the temporary bond, putting the mixture into a die, and dry-pressing the mixture into a blank under the pressure of 100-;
s6, drying the blank at 50-300 ℃ to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material with a specified shape, crushing and sieving the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material with a random shape;
s7, mixing 50-80% of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive with 5-30% of brazing alloy 1, 5-20% of super-hard abrasive 2 and 5-19% of temporary bonding agent by mass percent, uniformly mixing, and taking out to obtain an unfired blank;
s8, placing the green blank in a high-temperature sintering furnace, sintering at 750-.
Example 1
A process for preparing the super-hard abrasive from SiO2、10wt％Al2O3、15wt％B2O3、7wt％Na2O、3wt％Li2Mixing O and 3 wt% ZnO, ball milling for 3h, sieving, smelting at 1200 deg.C for 1h, water quenching, crushing, grinding, and sieving to obtain the basic ceramic binder. The solder alloy raw materials are mixed and ball milled for 2 hours to obtain solder alloy 1, and the solderThe material alloy 1 is Cu-20 wt% Sn-15 wt% Ti. In the basic ceramic bond, solder alloy 1 accounting for 3 percent of the mass of the basic ceramic bond is added, and the ceramic bond 3 is obtained after ball milling and sieving. Ceramic bond 3, monocrystalline cubic boron nitride with the grain diameter of 0.035mm and liquid resin are mixed and put into a die with a specified shape, and the mixture is dried and pressed into a blank under the pressure of 100MPa and then dried at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive with the specified shape. Uniformly stirring the ceramic bond superabrasive (50 mass percent) and a mixture of brazing filler metal alloy 1 (30 mass percent), superabrasive 2 (15 mass percent) and liquid resin (5 mass percent), and taking out the mixture to obtain an unfired blank. And (3) placing the green blank in a high-temperature sintering furnace, keeping the sintering temperature at 880 ℃ for 1h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond super-hard abrasive.
Example 2
A process for preparing the super-hard abrasive from SiO2、8wt％Al2O3、13wt％B2O3、5wt％Na2O、2wt％Li2Mixing O and 2 wt% ZnO, ball milling for 3h, sieving, smelting at 1300 deg.C for 2h, water quenching, crushing, grinding, and sieving to obtain the basic ceramic binder. And mixing and ball-milling the solder alloy raw materials for 2h to obtain a solder alloy 1, wherein the solder alloy 1 is Cu-25 wt% Sn-15 wt% Ti. In the basic ceramic bond, solder alloy 1 accounting for 3.5 percent of the mass of the basic ceramic bond is added, and the ceramic bond 3 is obtained after ball milling and sieving. Ceramic bond 3, monocrystalline diamond with the grain diameter of 0.035mm and liquid resin are mixed and put into a mould, and then are dried and pressed into a blank under the pressure of 150MPa, and then are dried at the temperature of 150 ℃, and then are crushed and sieved to obtain the ceramic bond super-hard abrasive with random shapes. Uniformly stirring the ceramic bond superabrasive (the mass percentage is 60 percent) and a mixture of brazing filler metal alloy 1 (the mass percentage is 20 percent), superabrasive 2 (the mass percentage is 10 percent) and liquid resin (the mass percentage is 10 percent), and taking out the mixture to obtain an unfired blank. And (3) placing the green blank in a high-temperature sintering furnace, sintering at 900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond superhard abrasive.
Example 3
A process for preparing the super-hard abrasive from SiO2、12wt％Al2O3、10wt％B2O3、8wt％Na2O、2wt％Li2Mixing O and 2 wt% MgO, ball milling for 6 hr, sieving, smelting at 1300 deg.c for 2 hr, water quenching, crushing, grinding and sieving to obtain the basic ceramic binder. And mixing and ball-milling the solder alloy raw materials for 2h to obtain a solder alloy 1, wherein the solder alloy 1 is Cu-25 wt% Sn-15 wt% Ti. In the basic ceramic bond, solder alloy 1 accounting for 3 percent of the mass of the basic ceramic bond is added, and the ceramic bond 3 is obtained after ball milling and sieving. Ceramic bond 3, the combination of single crystal diamond with the grain diameter of 0.035mm and single crystal cubic boron nitride and liquid resin are mixed, put into a die with a specified shape, and are dried and pressed into a blank under the pressure of 200MPa, and then are dried at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive with the specified shape. Uniformly stirring the ceramic bond superabrasive (70 mass percent) and a mixture of brazing filler metal alloy 1 (10 mass percent), superabrasive 2 (12 mass percent) and liquid resin (8 mass percent), and taking out the mixture to obtain an unfired blank. And (3) placing the green blank in a high-temperature sintering furnace, sintering at 900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond superhard abrasive.
Example 4
A process for preparing the super-hard abrasive from SiO2、15wt％Al2O3、30wt％B2O3、5wt％Na2O、2wt％Li2Mixing O and 2 wt% MgO, ball milling for 6 hr, sieving, smelting at 1300 deg.c for 2 hr, water quenching, crushing, grinding and sieving to obtain the basic ceramic binder. And mixing and ball-milling the solder alloy raw materials for 2h to obtain a solder alloy 1, wherein the solder alloy 1 is Cu-25 wt% Sn-15 wt% Ti. In the basic ceramic bond, solder alloy 1 accounting for 3 percent of the mass of the basic ceramic bond is added, and the ceramic bond 3 is obtained after ball milling and sieving. The ceramic bond 3, the combination of monocrystalline cubic boron nitride with the grain diameter of 0.04mm and liquid resin are mixed and put into a die with a specified shape, and then the mixture is dried and pressed into a blank under the pressure of 200MPa, and then the blank is dried at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive with the specified shape. Bonding the ceramic to the ceramicAnd uniformly stirring the hard abrasive (80 mass percent) and a mixture of brazing alloy 1 (10 mass percent), the superhard abrasive 2 (5 mass percent) and liquid resin (5 mass percent), and taking out to obtain an unfired blank. And (3) placing the green blank in a high-temperature sintering furnace, sintering at 900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond superhard abrasive.
According to the brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond superhard abrasive prepared by the invention, the brazing filler metal alloy 1 is coated outside the ceramic bond 3, so that the brazing filler metal alloy 1 is metallurgically bonded with the ceramic bond superhard abrasive in a high-temperature environment, the brazing filler metal alloy 1 is coated and permeates into the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, the formed gradient distribution improves the strength of the ceramic bond superhard abrasive, and the grinding efficiency of the prepared abrasive can be further improved by introducing a plurality of layers of brazing superhard abrasives outside the ceramic bond superhard abrasive.
The brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond superhard abrasive prepared by the method can be used for preparing rough grinding, precision grinding and ultra-precision grinding tools.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A novel superabrasive cluster, comprising: the brazing filler metal alloy clad with the ceramic bond super-hard abrasive comprises a brazing filler metal alloy layer and a ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, wherein the brazing filler metal alloy layer coats the ceramic bond super-hard abrasive, and the brazing filler metal alloy layer comprises a brazing filler metal alloy and the super-hard abrasive; the ceramic bond super-hard abrasive is formed by sintering a super-hard abrasive and a ceramic bond.
2. A novel superabrasive cluster according to claim 1, wherein: the superhard abrasive is one or the combination of diamond and cubic boron nitride, and the grain diameter is 0.001-5 mm.
3. A preparation method of a novel superhard abrasive group is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the ceramic bond raw materials, ball-milling for 4-8h, and sieving;
s2, placing the sieved raw materials in a resistance furnace, keeping the smelting temperature at 1200-1500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3h, and then performing water quenching, crushing, grinding and sieving to obtain a basic ceramic bond;
s3, mixing the powdery metal raw materials, ball-milling for 4-8h, and sieving to obtain a brazing filler metal;
s4, adding 1-10% of brazing filler metal into the basic ceramic bond, and performing ball milling and sieving to obtain the ceramic bond;
s5, mixing the ceramic bond, the super-hard abrasive and the temporary bond, putting the mixture into a die, and dry-pressing the mixture into a blank under the pressure of 100-200 MPa;
s6, drying the blank at 50-300 ℃ to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material with a specified shape, crushing and sieving the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material to obtain the ceramic bond superhard abrasive material with a random shape;
s7, mixing 50-80% of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive with 5-30% of brazing alloy, 5-20% of super-hard abrasive and 5-19% of temporary bonding agent by mass percent, uniformly mixing, and taking out to obtain an unfired blank;
s8, placing the green blank in a high-temperature sintering furnace, sintering at 750-.
4. A method of making a novel population of superabrasive materials according to claim 3, wherein: the ceramic bond raw material is 30-80 wt% of SiO2、5-30wt％Al2O3、10-40wt％B2O3、3-10wt％Na2O、3-10wt％K2O、3-10wt％Li2O、3-10wt％CeO2、3-10wt％ZrO2、3-10wt％ZnO、3-10wt％CaO、3-10wt％MgO、3-10wt％BaO、3-10wt％PbO、3-10wt％Sb2O3And 3-10 wt% of P2O5。
5. A method of making a novel population of superabrasive materials according to claim 3, wherein: the brazing filler metal comprises the raw materials of 50-90 wt% of Cu, 10-40 wt% of Sn, 10-40 wt% of Ti, 1-10 wt% of Fe, 1-10 wt% of Co, 1-10 wt% of Ni and 1-10 wt% of Cr.
6. A method of making a novel population of superabrasive materials according to claim 3, wherein: the superhard abrasive is one or the combination of diamond and cubic boron nitride, and the grain diameter is 0.001-5 mm.
7. A method of making a novel population of superabrasive materials according to claim 3, wherein: the temporary bonding agent is one or a mixture of more of liquid resin, liquid paraffin, polyvinyl acetate, perchloroethylene, polyisobutylene and polyvinyl alcohol.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114193345A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-18 | 南京固华机电科技有限公司 | Novel abrasive group |
| CN114670128A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-28 | 南通市锋芒复合材料科技有限公司 | Nanoscale high-temperature sintered ceramic abrasive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111659317A (en) * | 2020-06-06 | 2020-09-15 | 南京惠诚工具制造有限公司 | Preparation method of self-sharpening superhard material accumulated abrasive |
| CN111716258A (en) * | 2020-06-06 | 2020-09-29 | 南京惠诚工具制造有限公司 | Preparation method of brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond superhard abrasive |
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- 2020-10-27 CN CN202011163219.5A patent/CN112264941A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111659317A (en) * | 2020-06-06 | 2020-09-15 | 南京惠诚工具制造有限公司 | Preparation method of self-sharpening superhard material accumulated abrasive |
| CN111716258A (en) * | 2020-06-06 | 2020-09-29 | 南京惠诚工具制造有限公司 | Preparation method of brazing filler metal alloy coated ceramic bond superhard abrasive |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114193345A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-18 | 南京固华机电科技有限公司 | Novel abrasive group |
| CN114670128A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-28 | 南通市锋芒复合材料科技有限公司 | Nanoscale high-temperature sintered ceramic abrasive and preparation method thereof |
| CN114670128B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-05-03 | 南通市锋芒复合材料科技有限公司 | Nanoscale high-temperature sintered ceramic abrasive and preparation method thereof |
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