CN112260579B - Time-sharing driving actuation method of piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement in outage state - Google Patents
Time-sharing driving actuation method of piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement in outage state Download PDFInfo
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- CN112260579B CN112260579B CN202010956819.0A CN202010956819A CN112260579B CN 112260579 B CN112260579 B CN 112260579B CN 202010956819 A CN202010956819 A CN 202010956819A CN 112260579 B CN112260579 B CN 112260579B
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
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Abstract
A piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement in a power-off state and a time-sharing driving actuation method are disclosed, the actuator comprises a shell, a rhombic ring which is positioned in the shell and is connected with an output rod through a bottom screw, a plurality of piezoelectric stacks and an upper cover which is connected to the shell, wherein the long shaft at the inner part of the rhombic ring is provided with the piezoelectric stacks; the output rod at the end part of the long shaft of the rhombic ring is connected with an external structure through the through hole of the upper cover; in the power-off displacement keeping interval of the actuator, when the output rod retracts, negative voltage is applied to each piezoelectric stack to reach U1 and then is reduced to 0V, the displacement d1 can be kept, and when the displacement d1 needs to be kept to be increased, the negative voltage U1 needs to be increased; when the output rod extends, forward voltage is applied to each piezoelectric stack in sequence to reach U2 and then drops to 0V, so that the displacement d2 can be kept, and when the displacement d2 needs to be kept to be increased, the forward voltage U2 needs to be increased. The invention provides an effective solution for power-off displacement maintaining and high-precision actuation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a piezoelectric material actuator, in particular to a piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement in a power-off mode and an actuating method of time-sharing driving.
Background
The micro-displacement actuation and the large-deformation actuation technology based on the extremely high precision are core technologies in the fields of scientific instruments, precise pointing of spacecrafts, material engineering, high-precision machining and the like. At present, most of core actuation tasks are executed by piezoelectric materials, the piezoelectric materials can provide material bases for precise adjustment, and the piezoelectric materials can be matched with a mechanism to realize high-precision displacement control. Actuators with a power-off locking function developed based on a piezoelectric effect all need a locking mechanism, and mostly adopt a mode of driving and locking by an electric component, however, because the size of the mechanism is increased and higher requirements are made on a driving controller, the actuation precision is mostly single-step displacement length (>100nm), and the actuators are limited in the field of small volume and high actuation precision (1-100nm) and are difficult to further develop.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a piezoelectric actuator capable of maintaining displacement in a power-off manner and an actuating method of time-sharing driving, and an effective solution is provided for the actuating technology of power-off displacement maintenance, small mechanism size, small positive and negative displacement overshoot and high precision.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement after power failure comprises a shell 1, a rhombic ring 3 with an output rod, a plurality of piezoelectric stacks and an upper cover 2, wherein the rhombic ring 3 is positioned in the shell 1 and connected through a bottom screw 5; the diamond-shaped ring 3 is in interference fit with the plurality of piezoelectric stacks; an output rod at the end part of the long shaft of the diamond ring 3 is connected with an external structure through a through hole of the upper cover 2; the lead wires of the plurality of piezoelectric stacks are led out through the lead holes of the shell 1; the upper cover 2 provides a packaging function, and the whole working process is not contacted with the end face of the diamond ring 3.
The actuating displacement and actuating force provided by the output rod of the diamond-shaped ring 3 are provided by the thrust of the piezoelectric stack and the elastic force of the diamond-shaped ring 3.
The upper cover 2 is connected to the housing 1 by fixing screws 6.
The number of the piezoelectric stacks is 5, the piezoelectric stacks are rectangular, and the long sides of the rectangles are consistent with the long axis direction of the diamond-shaped ring 3.
According to the actuation method of the time-sharing drive of the piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement by power failure, when the piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric stack is periodically loaded, the piezoelectric stack has two displacement states in each voltage state, and when the excitation voltage spans 0V, two displacement states exist at 0V, and the displacement states are related to the loading history; in the power-off displacement keeping interval of the actuator, when the output rod retracts, a time-sharing driving mode is adopted for the piezoelectric stacks, negative voltage is applied to each piezoelectric stack to reach U1 and then is reduced to 0V, the displacement d1 can be kept after the voltage exciting process is applied to the piezoelectric stacks, and when the displacement d1 needs to be kept to be increased, the negative voltage U1 is increased; in the actuator power-off displacement holding interval, when the output rod extends, the piezoelectric stacks are driven in a time-sharing mode, forward voltage is applied to each piezoelectric stack in sequence to reach U2 and then is reduced to 0V, after the voltage excitation process is applied to all the piezoelectric stacks, the displacement d2 can be held, and when the displacement d2 needs to be increased, the forward voltage U2 is increased.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) compared with the traditional piezoelectric material actuator technology with the power-off locking function, the piezoelectric material actuator structure does not need an electric part to drive a locking structure, realizes the power-off displacement maintaining function of the piezoelectric material through loading history, and is small in size.
2) Compared with the strain memory alloy, the invention has the advantages of continuously adjustable power-off maintaining displacement and high actuating precision of the actuator.
3) Compared with a single piezoelectric stack mode, the mode of time-sharing driving of the plurality of piezoelectric stacks has smaller positive and negative displacement overshoot.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a piezoelectric actuator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the action process of a single piezoelectric stack when acting.
Fig. 3 is a time-sharing driving diagram of a plurality of piezoelectric stacks of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement without power failure comprises a shell 1, a rhombic ring 3 with an output rod, a plurality of piezoelectric stacks and an upper cover 2, wherein the rhombic ring 3 is arranged in the shell 1 and connected through a bottom screw 5, the plurality of piezoelectric stacks are assembled in the rhombic ring 3, and the upper cover is connected to the shell 1 through a fixing screw 6; the diamond-shaped ring 3 is in interference fit with the plurality of piezoelectric stacks; an output rod at the end part of the long shaft of the diamond ring 3 is connected with an external structure through a through hole of the upper cover 2; the lead wires of the plurality of piezoelectric stacks are led out through the lead holes of the housing 1.
The actuating displacement and actuating force provided by the output rod of the diamond-shaped ring 3 are provided by the thrust of the piezoelectric stack and the elastic force of the diamond-shaped ring 3.
The upper cover 2 provides a packaging function, and the whole working process is not contacted with the end face of the diamond ring 3.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shape of the piezoelectric stacks is a rectangle, the number of the piezoelectric stacks is 5, and the piezoelectric stacks are respectively a first piezoelectric stack 4-1, a second piezoelectric stack 4-2, a third piezoelectric stack 4-3, a fourth piezoelectric stack 4-4 and a fifth piezoelectric stack 4-5.
According to the actuating method of the time-sharing drive of the piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement by power failure, as shown in fig. 2, when the piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric stack is periodically loaded, the piezoelectric stack has two displacement states in each voltage state, and when the excitation voltage crosses 0V, two displacement states are also available at 0V, and the displacement states are related to the loading history; in the actuator power-off displacement holding interval, when the output rod retracts, as shown in fig. 3, a time-sharing driving mode is adopted for the multiple piezoelectric stacks, negative voltage is applied to each piezoelectric stack in sequence to reach U1 and then is reduced to 0V, the displacement d1 can be held after the voltage excitation process is applied to the multiple piezoelectric stacks, and when the displacement d1 needs to be increased, the negative voltage U1 is increased; in the actuator power-off displacement holding interval, when the output rod extends, the piezoelectric stacks are driven in a time-sharing mode, forward voltage is applied to each piezoelectric stack in sequence to reach U2 and then is reduced to 0V, after the voltage excitation process is applied to all the piezoelectric stacks, the displacement d2 can be held, and when the displacement d2 needs to be increased, the forward voltage U2 is increased.
Claims (4)
1. The time-sharing driving actuation method of the piezoelectric actuator capable of keeping displacement by power failure comprises a shell (1), a diamond-shaped ring (3) which is positioned in the shell (1) and is connected through a bottom screw (5) and provided with an output rod, a plurality of piezoelectric stacks arranged on a long shaft in the diamond-shaped ring (3), and an upper cover (2) connected to the shell (1); the diamond-shaped ring (3) is in interference fit with the piezoelectric stacks; an output rod at the end part of the long shaft of the diamond-shaped ring (3) is connected with an external structure through a through hole of the upper cover (2); the lead wires of the plurality of piezoelectric stacks are led out through the lead holes of the shell (1); the upper cover (2) plays a role in packaging, and the whole working process is not contacted with the end face of the diamond-shaped ring (3);
the method is characterized in that: the actuating method of the time-sharing drive comprises the following steps: when the piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric stack is periodically loaded, the piezoelectric stack has two displacement states in each voltage state, and when the excitation voltage crosses 0V, the piezoelectric stack also has two displacement states at 0V, and the displacement states are related to the loading history; in the power-off displacement keeping interval of the actuator, when the output rod retracts, a time-sharing driving mode is adopted for the piezoelectric stacks, negative voltage is applied to each piezoelectric stack to reach U1 and then is reduced to 0V, the displacement d1 can be kept after the voltage exciting process is applied to the piezoelectric stacks, and when the displacement d1 needs to be kept to be increased, the negative voltage U1 is increased; in the actuator power-off displacement holding interval, when the output rod extends, the piezoelectric stacks are driven in a time-sharing mode, forward voltage is applied to each piezoelectric stack in sequence to reach U2 and then is reduced to 0V, after the voltage excitation process is applied to all the piezoelectric stacks, the displacement d2 can be held, and when the displacement d2 needs to be increased, the forward voltage U2 is increased.
2. The time-sharing driving method of a piezoelectric actuator capable of maintaining displacement without power interruption as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the actuating displacement and the actuating force provided by the output rod of the diamond-shaped ring (3) are provided by the thrust of the piezoelectric stack and the elastic force of the diamond-shaped ring (3).
3. The time-sharing driving method of a piezoelectric actuator capable of maintaining displacement without power interruption as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper cover (2) is connected to the shell (1) through a fixing screw (6).
4. The time-sharing driving method of a piezoelectric actuator capable of maintaining displacement without power interruption as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the piezoelectric stacks is 5, the piezoelectric stacks are rectangular, and the long sides of the rectangles are consistent with the long axis direction of the diamond-shaped ring (3).
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Effective date of registration: 20231025 Address after: 1st Floor, Northwest Building of Eleven Science and Technology, No. 532 Shenzhousan Road, National Civil Aerospace Industry Base, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710100 Patentee after: XI'AN LANGWEI TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Beilin District Xianning West Road 710049, Shaanxi city of Xi'an province No. 28 Patentee before: XI'AN JIAOTONG University |
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