CN112260394A - Redundant system of automobile power supply loop - Google Patents
Redundant system of automobile power supply loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN112260394A CN112260394A CN202011159764.7A CN202011159764A CN112260394A CN 112260394 A CN112260394 A CN 112260394A CN 202011159764 A CN202011159764 A CN 202011159764A CN 112260394 A CN112260394 A CN 112260394A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/08—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems requiring starting of a prime-mover
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automobile power supply loop redundancy system, which comprises a generator, a main battery, a power supply switching module and a redundancy battery, wherein the generator and the main battery are used as main power supplies, and the redundancy battery is used as a redundancy power supply; the positive pole of the generator is electrically connected with the positive pole of the main battery, and the negative pole of the generator is grounded with the negative pole of the main battery; the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are respectively and electrically connected with the starter, the B-class main load and the C-class load, and the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are electrically connected with the A-class load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load through the power supply switching module; the negative pole of the redundant battery is grounded; the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the B-type redundant load and the C-type load, and the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the A-type load through the power supply switching module. The invention aims to provide a redundant system of an automobile power supply loop, aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the redundant system can realize the rapid switching between a main power supply loop and a redundant power supply loop.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to an automobile power supply loop redundancy system.
Background
The power redundancy scheme in the prior art has narrow applicable area, and each redundancy system needs to be matched with customized and developed special hardware equipment to adapt to the redundancy power system, so that the overall application of the system is difficult and the cost is high.
Meanwhile, a power redundancy system is a complex system with multiple subsystems working in a matched mode, each component is required to meet specific conditions to achieve overall performance indexes, existing power redundancy schemes in various fields do not replace a method for setting key matching parameters, the consequences caused by adaptation problems among systems can exist, particularly the problem of power failure and restarting of parts possibly caused in the process of switching from a main power supply short circuit to a power supply is particularly important along with continuous improvement of safety requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a redundant system of an automobile power supply loop, aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the redundant system can realize the rapid switching between a main power supply loop and a redundant power supply loop.
The invention provides an automobile power supply loop redundancy system, which comprises a generator, a main battery, a power supply switching module and a redundancy battery, wherein the generator and the main battery are used as main power supplies, and the redundancy battery is used as a redundancy power supply; the positive pole of the generator is electrically connected with the positive pole of the main battery, and the negative pole of the generator is grounded with the negative pole of the main battery; the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are respectively and electrically connected with the starter, the B-class main load and the C-class load, and the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are electrically connected with the A-class load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load through the power supply switching module; the negative pole of the redundant battery is grounded; the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the B-type redundant load and the C-type load, and the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the A-type load through the power supply switching module; the power supply switching module reads vehicle state information from the CAN bus, adjusts the internal switch state of the power supply switching module according to the vehicle state information, and adjusts the power supply state of a main power supply or a redundant power supply of the A-type load, the B-type main load, the B-type redundant load and the C-type load. The system also comprises a main battery intelligent sensor and a redundant battery intelligent sensor, wherein the main battery intelligent sensor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the main battery, and the redundant battery intelligent sensor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the redundant battery; the main battery intelligent sensor and the redundant battery intelligent sensor are electrically connected with an external display device
In the above technical scheme, when the vehicle normally runs, the generator mainly supplies power to the class a load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load, and the main battery supplies power to the class a load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load in an auxiliary manner.
In the technical scheme, fuses are arranged on power output branches of the generator, the main battery and the redundant battery and on power input branches of the B-class main load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load.
In the above technical solution, the power switching module includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch. When the system is not in fault, 4 switches are all in a closed state. Or the battery charging system can be customized by a user, for example, the switch is turned off after the engine is turned off, so that the redundant battery is prevented from being over-discharged. The positive pole of the generator is electrically connected with the positive pole of the redundant battery through a first switch and a second switch which are mutually connected in series, and a third switch and a fourth switch are mutually connected in series and are connected in parallel at two ends of the first switch and the second switch; the power input end of the A-type load is electrically connected between the third switch and the fourth switch; two ends of the first switch are connected with a first diode in parallel, two ends of the second switch are connected with a second diode in parallel, two ends of the third switch are connected with a third diode in parallel, and two ends of the fourth switch are connected with a fourth diode in parallel; cathodes of the first diode and the third diode are electrically connected with an anode of the generator, and cathodes of the second diode and the fourth diode are electrically connected with an anode of the redundant battery.
In the technical scheme, when a power output loop of the generator or the main battery is short-circuited, the voltage of the power loop is rapidly reduced, and the control module drives the first switch and the third switch in the power switching module to be disconnected; and the fuses on the power output branches of the generator and the main battery are disconnected. The short circuit of the power output loop of the generator or the main battery causes the current passing through the power switching module to exceed a calibrated value and be automatically disconnected, and the short circuit of the main loop or the redundant loop can be judged according to the direction of the short circuit current.
In the technical scheme, when a power output loop of the redundant battery is short-circuited, the voltage of the power loop is rapidly reduced, and the control module drives the second switch and the fourth switch in the power switching module to be disconnected; the fuse on the power supply output branch of the redundant battery is opened. The current passing through the power supply switching module is automatically disconnected due to the fact that the power supply output circuit of the redundant battery is short-circuited and exceeds a calibrated value, and whether the main circuit or the redundant circuit is short-circuited can be judged according to the direction of the short-circuited current.
In the technical scheme, when a power input loop of the class A load is short-circuited, the control module drives a third switch and a fourth switch in the power switching module to be switched off; when a power input loop of a B-type main load or a B-type redundant load is short-circuited, a fuse on a power input branch circuit is disconnected; when the C-type load power supply input branch loop is short-circuited, the control module judges that the power supply of the main power supply or the redundant power supply loop is failed through signal interaction, and switches to another power supply loop with normal power supply to supply power.
In the technical scheme, when the engine fails or the circuit of the power output branch circuit of the engine is open, the main battery and the redundant battery supply power for the A-type load, the B-type main load, the B-type redundant load and the C-type load together, and the control module feeds back the detected power supply voltage abnormal information of the loads to the external display device. The general load power supply voltage abnormity can be detected by a chip in the load, and if the power supply fails and does not work, the load which has signal interaction with the chip can report the fault that the XX signal is not received.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, still include main battery intelligent sensor and redundant battery intelligent sensor, main battery intelligent sensor is connected with the negative pole electricity of main battery, and redundant battery intelligent sensor is connected with the negative pole electricity of redundant battery. The intelligent battery sensor can detect information such as voltage, current and electric quantity of the storage battery, when the main storage battery is invalid and the electric quantity is insufficient or a line of a power output branch circuit is opened, the intelligent main battery sensor can detect the information according to the current voltage, and the intelligent main battery sensor feeds the abnormal information back to an external display device; when the redundant storage battery is invalid, the electric quantity is insufficient or the circuit of the power output branch circuit is open, the redundant main battery intelligent sensor can detect the current voltage and feed back abnormal information to the external display device through the redundant main battery intelligent sensor. The battery intelligent battery sensor can be connected with the whole vehicle device through a bus or a single signal line.
In the above technical solution, the lowest voltage U1 when the fuse blows due to a short circuit of the main power supply circuit or the redundant power supply circuit is less than the lowest voltage U2 when the fuse blows due to a short circuit of each single load in the circuit. The lowest voltage refers to the supply voltage.
The switching time ts and the switching voltage Us of the power supply switching module meet the conditions that Us is more than U1 and less than Um and ts is less than min (t2 and t 4);
each load can bear the transient voltage and reduce to the lowest voltage Um, and the transient voltage lasts for t1 without working abnormity;
wherein, in the transient voltage falling duration t1, the voltage falling edge time t2, the lowest voltage Um duration t3 and the voltage rising edge time t4 are t 1-t 2+ t3+ t 4.
In the above technical solution, the short-circuit fault of the B, C-class load branch circuit does not need to be detected, and at this time, it is to be ensured that the calibrated current value triggered by the switching of the power switching module is greater than the maximum current value of the B, C-class load branch circuit from the occurrence of the short circuit to the fuse blowing. When the class A load is short-circuited, the third switch and the fourth switch are switched off at the same time, and the switches can be made of a Mosfet product. Therefore, the power supply switching module can ensure that one path of power supply supplies power to the A-type load only when the main loop is in short circuit, and the power supply can be completely disconnected when the A-type load branch loop is in fault. Since the class a load has a certain power redundancy requirement, the hardware cannot provide 2 loads with independent power interfaces. The system is not a core part of a whole vehicle redundant system, such as an automatic driving vehicle, and the A-type load can be a display part such as an instrument and the like, but can not be a system which is strongly related to safety, such as vehicle steering, braking and the like. And the reliability of the arrangement of the A-type load branch loop can be improved optionally, such as in a cockpit or by adding external protection, and the safety level is improved.
The invention provides a power supply redundancy scheme for vehicles, and A, B, C loads can be key functional parts or systems defined by users, so that the parts or systems can be quickly switched to another power supply circuit for power supply under the condition that one power supply circuit fails, the functions of the parts or systems are not influenced by the failure of the power supply circuit, and the functional safety level is improved. A. B, C-class loads can be set as specific systems according to requirements, and the power supply redundancy requirement that specific systems (such as a gateway, an automatic driving related controller, a laser radar, an electro-hydraulic steering module, an electronic braking module and the like) need to work continuously when a user cannot take over the vehicle at the first time under the condition that a main power supply loop of the existing vehicle fails in specific use scenes (such as automatic driving) is solved. The power supply system has wide use area, can meet A, B, C types of loads with different types, basically covers the type of mainstream loads on the current vehicle, reduces the cost rise caused by customizing and developing system loads for power supply redundancy, and solves the problem that part of system parts cannot realize power supply redundancy or need brand new customization and development due to the limitation of hardware conditions at present. The power supply switching module can read signals of the rotating speed, the speed and the like of an engine from the bus, when a vehicle stops running, the power supply switching module disconnects the main power supply loop from the redundant power supply loop, the redundant battery can not participate in the normal electric load (namely the load which needs to be supplied with power when the vehicle stops) of the main power supply loop and the starting action of the starter, namely the redundant battery can select the battery with the capacity far smaller than that of the main battery according to the actual situation, and simultaneously, because the redundant battery does not participate in the starting action, the current passing through the power supply switching module is greatly reduced, and the cost can be effectively reduced. The B-type load can be directly connected in parallel to a power supply network, and two power supplies simultaneously supply power to the load during normal operation. Adopt a pair of "back to back" diode in the power switching module, can realize the voltage small-amplitude differentiation between two way powers, if under normal operating mode, redundant power supply circuit is lower than main power supply circuit one or more diode drop (as 0.7V), thereby make main circuit supply current be greater than redundant circuit supply current, even all by main circuit power supply, can reduce the electric current through power switching module, the cost, the volume of power switching module, the heat dissipation demand can all corresponding decline like this, effective cost and safety risk of reduction. The invention also provides a method for setting key parameters, so that the method has very good practicability, can ensure that the load needing redundancy continuously works when the main power supply main loop/the redundancy power supply main loop is short-circuited, can avoid the false triggering of a switch caused by the short circuit of a single load in the loop, and achieves the purposes of accurately judging a fault mode and switching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic wiring diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the setting of key parameters according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention, but are for clear understanding.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a redundant system of an automotive power supply circuit, which includes a generator, a main battery, a power switching module, and a redundant battery, wherein the generator and the main battery are used as main power supplies, and the redundant battery is used as a redundant power supply; the positive pole of the generator is electrically connected with the positive pole of the main battery, and the negative pole of the generator is grounded with the negative pole of the main battery; the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are respectively and electrically connected with the starter, the B-class main load and the C-class load, and the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are electrically connected with the A-class load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load through the power supply switching module; the negative pole of the redundant battery is grounded; the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the B-type redundant load and the C-type load, and the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the A-type load through the power supply switching module; the power supply switching module reads vehicle state information from the CAN bus, adjusts the internal switch state of the power supply switching module according to the vehicle state information, and adjusts the power supply state of a main power supply or a redundant power supply of the A-type load, the B-type main load, the B-type redundant load and the C-type load.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, still include main battery intelligent sensor and redundant battery intelligent sensor, main battery intelligent sensor is connected with the negative pole electricity of main battery, and redundant battery intelligent sensor is connected with the negative pole electricity of redundant battery. The intelligent battery sensor can detect information such as voltage, current and electric quantity of the storage battery, when the main storage battery is invalid and the electric quantity is insufficient or a line of a power output branch circuit is opened, the intelligent main battery sensor can detect the information according to the current voltage, and the intelligent main battery sensor feeds the abnormal information back to an external display device; when the redundant storage battery is invalid, the electric quantity is insufficient or the circuit of the power output branch circuit is open, the redundant main battery intelligent sensor can detect the current voltage and feed back abnormal information to the external display device through the redundant main battery intelligent sensor. The battery intelligent battery sensor can be connected with the whole vehicle device through a bus or a single signal line.
In the technical scheme, fuses are arranged on power output branches of the generator, the main battery and the redundant battery and on power input branches of the B-class main load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load.
The three types of loads can be set differently according to the requirements of users:
a type load: the load is provided with only one power supply, the interior of the load is not provided with a redundant power supply loop, and the load is also the most common load type on the current vehicle.
Load of type B: the system is provided with two or more independent hardware, each hardware is provided with a single power supply, and the hardware realizes function switching through signal interaction judgment. The main load realizes all functions of the system, and the redundant load realizes all or part of functions with specific requirements, so that the cost can be effectively reduced. Like an EBS system, the redundant controller may only need to implement basic retard braking related functions.
Load of class C: one hardware has two or more power inputs, each of which can supply power to all or a specific key functional module. And the switching of functions and power supplies is realized through signal interaction inside the hardware.
The system has the following working logic and fault coping modes:
(1) and (3) normal running of the vehicle: the generator is responsible for mainly supplying power to related loads of a main power supply main loop and related loads of a redundant power supply main loop, and the storage battery is used for supplying power in an auxiliary way,
(2) short circuit of the power supply branch loop:
the A-type load power supply branch loop is short-circuited, is self-protected by the interior of the power supply switching module, and cuts off the power supply of the branch loop to protect a line and a load;
the B-type load power supply branch loop is short-circuited, the line and load protection is realized by fusing the fuse, at the moment, the power supply switching module does not act, the load system judges that the power supply of the main or redundant load fails through signal interaction, and the other load with normal power supply executes work.
The C-type load power supply branch loop is short-circuited, the fuse is fused to realize line and load protection, the power supply switching module does not act at the moment, the load system judges that the power supply of the main or redundant loop is invalid through signal interaction, and the power supply system is switched to another power supply loop with normal power supply to carry out internal power supply.
The load system comprises the load and the controller, only the controller or the load is needed, and if the function needs redundancy, all parts related to the function need redundancy.
(3) Short circuit of the power supply main loop:
the main power main loop is short-circuited, and the voltage is rapidly reduced. At this time, the power switching module is activated, and the first switch S1 and the third switch S3 are turned off rapidly, thereby isolating the main/redundant power main circuit. And (3) at the moment, the load on the main power supply main loop is completely failed, and the redundant storage battery supplies power to the redundant main loop in the fault mode in the short circuit of the equivalent (2) power supply branch loop.
The main loop of the redundant power supply is short-circuited, and the voltage is rapidly reduced. At this time, the power switching module is activated, and the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off rapidly, thereby isolating the main circuit of the main/redundant power supply. And (3) at the moment, the loads on the redundant main loop are all failed, and the generator supplies power to the main power main loop in the fault mode in the short circuit of the equivalent (2) power supply branch loop.
(4) Generator failure or open circuit:
at the moment, the main battery and the redundant battery supply power to the loop load, the loop voltage is lower than the normal working voltage of the generator, and any load in the loop can detect the abnormal power supply voltage and prompt a driver.
(5) Battery failure, low battery or open circuit:
at the moment, the generator supplies power to the loop load, and the IBS can detect the fault and prompt a driver by detecting the information such as voltage, electric quantity, internal resistance and the like of the storage battery. The intelligent battery sensor IBS is not a key part for realizing the function of a redundant system, but can further improve the safety level of the system, and the intelligent battery sensor IBS can select whether the system cost needs to be controlled or not according to the requirements of users.
(6) Vehicle stop state:
the power supply switching module can receive the vehicle speed or other signals through the bus and judge whether the vehicle is in a driving state or a parking state. In this case, the designer can define whether the main power supply circuit and the redundant main power supply circuit are connected in the parking state. If the power supply switching module can be defined to cut off the main power supply main loop and the redundant power supply main loop when the vehicle is parked, the redundant storage battery does not participate in the load current consumption power supply on the main power supply main loop and the vehicle starting power supply, the capacity of the redundant storage battery can be greatly reduced, and the system cost is effectively reduced.
The switching time of the power switching module and the transient drop and recovery tolerance characteristics of the power supply voltage required to be met by each load are key parameters for realizing the function of the power redundancy system. The invention also provides a method for setting key parameters, when the power supply loop has short-circuit fault, the drop voltage of the power supply loop is reduced, and the following parameters can be obtained through the transient test of the power supply voltage of the practical application system:
each load in the power supply circuit can bear the transient voltage drop to Um for a time t1 without working abnormity;
a voltage falling edge time t2, a minimum voltage Um duration t3 and a voltage rising edge time t4 in the transient voltage falling duration t1, wherein t1 is t2+ t3+ t 4;
the main power supply loop or the redundant power supply loop is short-circuited to the lowest voltage U1 when the fuse wire is fused, each single load in the loop is short-circuited to the lowest voltage U2 when the fuse wire is fused, and U1 is less than U2 according to the basic circuit principle.
According to the invention, the switching time ts and the switching voltage Us of the power supply switching module meet the conditions that U1 is greater than Us and is less than Um and ts is less than min (t2 and t4), so that when a main power supply loop or a redundant power supply loop is short-circuited, the power supply switching module completes switching action before each load is abnormal due to the reduction of the power supply voltage, and the load on the main power supply loop or the redundant power supply loop can continuously and normally work; can avoid the voltage transient reduction generated before the fuse is burned in a single load short circuit in the whole power supply system to cause the false triggering action of the switch
The characteristics enable the invention to have very good practicability, can ensure that the load needing redundancy continuously works when the main power supply main loop/the redundancy power supply main loop is short-circuited, can avoid the switch false triggering caused by the short circuit of a single load in the loop, and achieves the purposes of accurately judging the fault mode and switching.
The present invention is applicable to a vehicle equipped with an L3-class automatic driving system. After the vehicle enters the automatic driving mode, the driver can operate the vehicle without sitting on the seat. If the main power supply loop is short-circuited, the engine is flamed out, and each main system on the vehicle cannot work normally, the switch switching module immediately cuts off the connection between the redundant power supply loop and the main power supply loop, the redundant battery supplies power to the redundant load, and the redundant load can be a laser radar, an electro-hydraulic steering engine, an electronic braking system and the like, so that automatic side-by-side parking or uniform braking and the like are executed, and the safety of a driver is guaranteed.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A redundant system of a power supply loop of an automobile is characterized by comprising a generator, a main battery, a power supply switching module and a redundant battery, wherein the generator and the main battery are used as main power supplies, and the redundant battery is used as a redundant power supply; the positive pole of the generator is electrically connected with the positive pole of the main battery, and the negative pole of the generator is grounded with the negative pole of the main battery; the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are respectively and electrically connected with the starter, the B-class main load and the C-class load, and the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are electrically connected with the A-class load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load through the power supply switching module; the negative pole of the redundant battery is grounded; the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the B-type redundant load and the C-type load, and the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the A-type load through the power supply switching module; the power supply switching module reads vehicle state information from the CAN bus, adjusts the internal switching state of the power supply switching module according to the vehicle state information, and adjusts the power supply state of a main power supply or a redundant power supply of the A-type load, the B-type main load, the B-type redundant load and the C-type load; the system also comprises a main battery intelligent sensor and a redundant battery intelligent sensor, wherein the main battery intelligent sensor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the main battery, and the redundant battery intelligent sensor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the redundant battery; the main battery intelligent sensor and the redundant battery intelligent sensor are electrically connected with an external display device.
2. The power supply circuit redundancy system of claim 1, wherein the generator is configured to supply power mainly to the class a load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load, and the class C load, and the main battery is configured to supply power auxiliarily to the class a load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load, and the class C load when the vehicle is in normal operation.
3. The power supply circuit redundancy system of claim 2, wherein fuses are provided on the power output branches of the generator, the main battery and the redundant battery, and on the power input branches of the main class B load, the redundant class B load and the load class C load.
4. The automotive power circuit redundancy system of claim 3, wherein the power switching module comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch, wherein all 4 switches are in a closed state when no fault occurs; the positive pole of the generator is electrically connected with the positive pole of the redundant battery through a first switch and a second switch which are mutually connected in series, and a third switch and a fourth switch are mutually connected in series and are connected in parallel at two ends of the first switch and the second switch; the power input end of the A-type load is electrically connected between the third switch and the fourth switch; two ends of the first switch are connected with a first diode in parallel, two ends of the second switch are connected with a second diode in parallel, two ends of the third switch are connected with a third diode in parallel, and two ends of the fourth switch are connected with a fourth diode in parallel; cathodes of the first diode and the third diode are electrically connected with the anode of the generator, and cathodes of the second diode and the fourth diode are electrically connected with the anode of the redundant battery; and when the system normally runs, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are all in a closed state.
5. The automotive power supply circuit redundancy system of claim 4, wherein when a short circuit occurs in the power supply output circuit of the generator or the main battery, the voltage of the power supply circuit is rapidly pulled down, and the control module drives the first switch and the third switch in the power supply switching module to be turned off; and the fuses on the power output branches of the generator and the main battery are disconnected.
6. The automotive power supply circuit redundancy system of claim 5, wherein when the power supply output circuit of the redundant battery is short-circuited and the voltage of the power supply circuit is rapidly pulled down, the control module drives the second switch and the fourth switch in the power supply switching module to be switched off; the fuse on the power supply output branch of the redundant battery is opened.
7. The automotive power supply circuit redundancy system of claim 6, wherein when the power supply input circuit of the class A load is short-circuited, the control module drives the third switch and the fourth switch in the power supply switching module to be turned off; when a power input loop of a B-type main load or a B-type redundant load is short-circuited, a fuse on a power input branch circuit is disconnected; when the C-type load power supply input branch loop is short-circuited, the control module judges that the power supply of the main power supply or the redundant power supply loop is failed through signal interaction, and switches to another power supply loop with normal power supply to supply power.
8. The power supply circuit redundancy system of claim 7, wherein when the engine fails or the power supply output branch circuit is open, the main battery and the redundant battery supply power to the class a load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load together, and the control module feeds back the detected power supply voltage abnormality information of the loads to the external display device.
9. The automotive power supply circuit redundancy system of claim 8, wherein:
the lowest voltage U1 when the fuse blows due to the short circuit of the main power supply loop or the redundant power supply loop is smaller than the lowest voltage U2 when the fuse blows due to the short circuit of each single load in the loop.
The switching time ts and the switching voltage Us of the power supply switching module meet the conditions that Us is more than U1 and less than Um and ts is less than min (t2 and t 4);
each load can bear the transient voltage and reduce to the lowest voltage Um, and the transient voltage lasts for t1 without working abnormity;
wherein, in the transient voltage falling duration t1, the voltage falling edge time t2, the lowest voltage Um duration t3 and the voltage rising edge time t4 are t 1-t 2+ t3+ t 4.
10. The automotive power supply circuit redundancy system of claim 9, wherein the calibrated current value triggered by the switching of the power supply switching module is larger than the maximum current value of the branch circuit of the B-type load and the C-type load from the occurrence of short circuit to the fusing of the fuse; when the main power output loop is short-circuited, the power supply switching module ensures that one power supply supplies power for the A-type load through the control switch, and when the A-type load branch loop is failed, the power supply is completely disconnected.
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