CN112255687A - Seismic source function reconstruction method and device of seismic shearer during mining of stope face - Google Patents
Seismic source function reconstruction method and device of seismic shearer during mining of stope face Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seismic source function reconstruction method and device, belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a seismic source function reconstruction method and device for a seismic shearer for mining on a stope. The main wave field component of the seismic source function reconstructed by the method is the same as the dominant wave field in the acquired signal, if the longitudinal wave in the original acquired signal is the dominant wave field, the longitudinal wave in the reconstructed seismic source function is equivalent to the actual seismic source function, and the transverse wave field is weakened due to incoherent superposition; conversely, shear waves are equivalent to the actual source function, while longitudinal wave components are attenuated. The method can reconstruct the seismic source function of the coal mining machine through the far-field signal and provide a reference signal for the seismic interference technology along with mining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seismic source function reconstruction method and device, belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a seismic source function reconstruction method and device for a seismic shearer for mining on a stope.
Background
Due to safety problems, explosive sources of traditional seismic exploration are limited in underground coal mines, so that the problem of the explosive sources needs to be solved in mine seismic exploration. In recent years, the mining-following seismic detection technology which takes the vibration of the coal mining machine when cutting the coal wall as a seismic source gradually becomes a research hotspot of underground seismic exploration of coal mines. The detection technology can realize high-precision detection of static geological structures in the coal face and monitoring and early warning of mining dynamic disasters, and provides data support for geological transparency and mining intelligence of the coal face.
However, as the coal mining machine is constantly moving during coal mining, the seismic source signal is continuous in time and moving in space, so that the acquired data cannot be directly applied. The most direct method is to install a geophone near the shearer to receive the near-field signal of the seismic source as a reference signal for seismic interference. However, because the shearer is mobile, the installation of the detectors and the real-time return of data are difficult to realize, and therefore the green function of the seismic source of the shearer cannot be obtained under the condition of no near-field signal. And when the seismic source function of the coal mining machine is not available, the data cannot be subjected to pulse processing along with the mining earthquake, and the subsequent wave field extraction and imaging cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provides a method and a device for reconstructing a seismic source function of an earthquake coal mining machine on a stope face along with mining. The method and the device can reconstruct the seismic source function of the coal mining machine through the far-field signal and provide a reference signal for the seismic interference technology along with mining.
In order to solve the problems, the scheme of the invention is as follows:
a seismic source function reconstruction method of a stope face with-mining seismic shearer comprises the following steps:
a data sampling step, namely a data sampling step,performing segmented discrete sampling on the acquired seismic source data, and recording any two pathsMining Sample dataPerforming normalized cross-correlation to obtain the correlation between any two recordsSampling dataCross correlation coefficient and cross correlation travel time of; discarding the portions of the correlation coefficient whose root mean square is greater than a given thresholdSampling data；
A position calculating step of calculating the position of the object,positioning by utilizing cross-correlation travel time to obtain the corresponding position of the coal mining machine in each time period;
a phase correction step of correcting the phase of the signal,the absolute travel time from the seismic source to the receiving point is calculated by positioning by utilizing the cross-correlation travel time, and the absolute travel time of each receiving point is utilized to the receiving pointSampling dataCarrying out phase correction;
a data superposition step of superposing the data,and superposing the sampling data after phase correction corresponding to each time period to obtain the reconstructed seismic source function at the position of the coal mining machine in each time period.
Preferably, the method for reconstructing the seismic source function of the seismic shearer for mining along with the stope face further includes:
a step of monitoring the data, wherein,and (3) acquiring seismic source data by using shallow hole detectors arranged at a preset distance from the two sides of the stope face to the groove and/or deep hole multistage detectors arranged in the through hole at a preset distance from the cut hole in the footage direction of the face.
Preferably, the method for reconstructing the seismic source function of the seismic shearer during mining of the stope face is described aboveData acquisition In the step of sampling, the sample is,the cross-correlation coefficient root mean square is calculated based on:
in the formula, N is the number of detectors, i, j is the detector number, and an integer is taken; c. CijIs the cross-correlation coefficient of the ith detector and the jth detector data.
Preferably, a recovery operation as described aboveMethod for reconstructing seismic source function of surface-mining seismic shearer, the methodPhase correction Positive stepCalculating the absolute travel time from the source to the receiver based on:
in the formula, tiIs the absolute travel time t from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving pointjThe absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the jth receiving point and the cross-correlation travel time delta Tij。
Preferably, the method for reconstructing the seismic source function of the seismic shearer during mining of the stope face is described abovePhase correction Positive stepThe absolute travel time t of each track is used for carrying out phase correction on the track data based on the following formula:
wherein the ith track data is represented by fi(t)，tiThe absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving point,
is the phase corrected data.
A seismic source function reconstruction device of a seismic shearer along with mining on a stope face comprises:
a data sampling module for sampling the data of the data,performing segmented discrete sampling on the acquired seismic source data, and recording any two pathsMining Sample dataPerforming normalized cross-correlation to obtain the correlation between any two recordsSampling dataCross correlation coefficient and cross correlation travel time of; discarding the portions of the correlation coefficient whose root mean square is greater than a given thresholdSampling data；
A position calculation module for calculating the position of the object,positioning by utilizing cross-correlation travel time to obtain the corresponding position of the coal mining machine in each time period;
a phase correction module for correcting the phase of the signal,using cross-correlationThe travel time is positioned to calculate the absolute travel time from the seismic source to the receiving point, and the absolute travel time of each receiving point is utilized to the receiving pointSampling dataCarrying out phase correction;
a data superposition module for the data to be superposed,and superposing the sampling data after phase correction corresponding to each time period to obtain the reconstructed seismic source function at the position of the coal mining machine in each time period.
Preferably, the above seismic source function reconstruction device of a seismic shearer for mining on a stope further includes:
a data monitoring module for monitoring the data of the mobile terminal,and (3) acquiring seismic source data by using shallow hole detectors arranged at a preset distance from the two sides of the stope face to the groove and/or deep hole multistage detectors arranged in the through hole at a preset distance from the cut hole in the footage direction of the face.
Preferably, the seismic source function reconstruction device of the seismic shearer for mining along with the stope face is used for reconstructing the seismic source function of the seismic shearer for mining along with the stope faceData acquisition In the sample module, the sample module is provided with a sample,the cross-correlation coefficient root mean square is calculated based on:
in the formula, N is the number of detectors, i, j is the detector number, and an integer is taken; c. CijIs the cross-correlation coefficient of the ith detector and the jth detector data.
Preferably, the seismic source function reconstruction device of the seismic shearer for mining along with the stope face is used for reconstructing the seismic source function of the seismic shearer for mining along with the stope facePhase correction Positive moduleCalculating the absolute travel time from the source to the receiver based on:
in the formula, tiIs the absolute travel time t from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving pointjThe absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the jth receiving point and the cross-correlation travel time delta Tij。
Preferably, a stope face as described aboveA seismic source function reconstruction device of a seismic shearer along with mining, the devicePhase correction Positive moduleThe absolute travel time t of each track is used for carrying out phase correction on the track data based on the following formula:
wherein the ith track data is represented by fi(t)，tiThe absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving point,
is the phase corrected data.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the main wave field component of the seismic source function reconstructed by the method is the same as the dominant wave field in the acquired signal, if the longitudinal wave in the original acquired signal is the dominant wave field, the longitudinal wave in the reconstructed seismic source function is equivalent to the actual seismic source function, and the transverse wave field is weakened due to incoherent superposition; conversely, shear waves are equivalent to the actual source function, while longitudinal wave components are attenuated.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and to enable a person skilled in the pertinent art to make and use the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition and observation system and device arrangement;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of processing data by seismic source function reconstruction of a seismic shearer along with mining on a stope face.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, drilling 2-meter deep and shallow holes in the direction vertical to the coal wall along the two sides of the stope face at certain intervals (10 meters are recommended), and simultaneously drilling holes in the direction vertical to the coal wall at a certain distance from the cutting holes (the recommended distance is equal to the width of the working face);
shallow hole single-stage detectors are arranged in the arranged shallow holes, deep hole multi-stage detector strings are arranged in the through holes (the stage distance is equal to the shallow hole distance), the hole openings are sealed by stemming with the length of more than 1 m, and sound wave interference is suppressed. The multi-stage detector is used for plugging a plurality of single-stage detectors (different plugging positions) in a deep hole, and the detectors are required to be connected with each other (convenient for data transmission, integral installation and recovery and the like).
As shown in fig. 1, the detector is connected with a data acquisition station through a data line, an explosion-proof power line is connected with the data acquisition station, the data acquisition station is connected with a switch through a data cable, and the switch is connected with a ground data storage station;
configuring sampling frequency, gain, pre-filtering parameters and the like, and starting data acquisition;
in order to solve the problem of moving seismic sources of the coal mining machine, the acquired data are segmented according to a certain time interval (recommended 20s), the coal mining machine is approximately considered to be static in each time period, and the data of the subsequent time periods are respectively processed in sequence;
taking a time period data, and respectively carrying out pretreatment such as wild value removal, null shift removal, power frequency interference suppression, band-pass filtering and the like on the data;
respectively calculating the cross-correlation coefficient c of any two data by utilizing normalized cross-correlationijAnd relative travel time Δ Tij；
Using formulas
Wherein N is the number of detectors. One detector is corresponding to one record, and two detectors can obtain two data. When the sigma is larger than or equal to the epsilon (the epsilon is a given threshold value and the suggested value is 0.4), judging that the coal mining machine is in a cutting state in the time period, and if the data is valid data, turning to the next step for continuous processing; otherwise, invalid data is obtained, and the step 6) processes data in the next time period;
using the relative travel time Δ T obtainedijObtaining the position X of the coal mining machine in the time period by a cross-correlation travel time positioning methods；
The following equation is constructed using the cross-correlation relative travel time:
wherein, tiSolving a matrix-changing equation for the absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving point to obtain the absolute travel time t of all the receiving points;
and (3) carrying out phase correction on the data of each track by using the absolute travel time t of each track: suppose that the ith track data is denoted as fi(t), the corrected data is
tiThe absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving point is obtained;
using formulas
Superposing all the phase corrected data, and finally obtaining f (t) which is the position X of the coal mining machine in the time periodsSeismic source function f (X) ofs,t)；
And repeating the steps 5) -12), and finishing the reconstruction of the seismic source function of the coal mining machine in all the time periods according to the time sequence.
As can be seen from the above description, the main wave field component of the seismic source function reconstructed in this embodiment is the same as the dominant wave field in the acquired signal, and if the longitudinal wave in the original acquired signal is the dominant wave field, the longitudinal wave in the reconstructed seismic source function is equivalent to the actual seismic source function, and the transverse wave field is weakened due to incoherent superposition; conversely, shear waves are equivalent to the actual source function, while longitudinal wave components are attenuated.
In this embodiment, while, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shown and described as a series of acts, it is to be understood and appreciated that the methodologies are not limited by the order of acts, as some acts may, in accordance with one or more embodiments, occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts from that shown and described herein or not shown and described herein, as may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It is noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an example embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A seismic source function reconstruction method of a seismic shearer along with mining on a stope face is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a data sampling step, namely a data sampling step,performing segmented discrete sampling on the acquired seismic source data, and recording any two pathsNumber of samples According toPerforming normalized cross-correlation to obtain the correlation between any two recordsSampling dataCross correlation coefficient and cross correlation travel time of; discarding the portions of the correlation coefficient whose root mean square is greater than a given thresholdSampling data；
A position calculating step of calculating the position of the object,positioning by utilizing cross-correlation travel time to obtain the corresponding position of the coal mining machine in each time period;
a phase correction step of correcting the phase of the signal,the absolute travel time from the seismic source to the receiving point is calculated by positioning by utilizing the cross-correlation travel time, and the absolute travel time pair of each receiving point is utilizedOf the receiving pointSampling dataCarrying out phase correction;
a data superposition step of superposing the data,and superposing the sampling data after phase correction corresponding to each time period to obtain the reconstructed seismic source function at the position of the coal mining machine in each time period.
2. The method for reconstructing the seismic source function of the extraction face extraction-following seismic shearer according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
a step of monitoring the data, wherein,and (3) acquiring seismic source data by using shallow hole detectors arranged at a preset distance from the two sides of the stope face to the groove and/or deep hole multistage detectors arranged in the through hole at a preset distance from the cut hole in the footage direction of the face.
3. The method for reconstructing the seismic source function of a seismic shearer during mining of a stope according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in thatIn the step of sampling the data, the data is sampled,the cross-correlation coefficient root mean square is calculated based on:
in the formula, N is the number of detectors, i, j is the detector number, and an integer is taken; c. CijIs the cross-correlation coefficient of the ith detector and the jth detector data.
4. The method for reconstructing the seismic source function of a seismic shearer during mining of a stope according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in thatPhase correction stepCalculating the absolute travel time from the source to the receiver based on:
in the formula, tiIs the absolute travel time t from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving pointjAs seismic source of coal mining machineAbsolute travel time to jth receiving point, cross-correlation travel time Δ Tij。
5. The method for reconstructing the seismic source function of a seismic shearer during mining of a stope according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in thatPhase correction stepThe absolute travel time t of each track is used for carrying out phase correction on the track data based on the following formula:
wherein the ith track data is represented by fi(t)，tiThe absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving point,
is the phase corrected data.
6. A seismic source function reconstruction device of a seismic shearer along with mining on a stope face is characterized by comprising the following components:
a data sampling module for sampling the data of the data,performing segmented discrete sampling on the acquired seismic source data, and recording any two pathsNumber of samples According toPerforming normalized cross-correlation to obtain the correlation between any two recordsSampling dataCross correlation coefficient and cross correlation travel time of; discarding the portions of the correlation coefficient whose root mean square is greater than a given thresholdSampling data；
A position calculation module for calculating the position of the object,positioning by utilizing cross-correlation travel time to obtain the corresponding position of the coal mining machine in each time period;
a phase correction module for correcting the phase of the signal,the absolute travel time from the seismic source to the receiving point is calculated by positioning by utilizing the cross-correlation travel time, and the absolute travel time of each receiving point is utilized to the receiving pointSampling dataCarrying out phase correction;
a data superposition module for the data to be superposed,the sampling data after phase correction corresponding to each time interval are superposed to obtain sampling data in each time intervalReconstructed source functions at the coal locations.
7. The seismic shearer source function reconstruction device for the stope according to claim 6, further comprising:
a data monitoring module for monitoring the data of the mobile terminal,and (3) acquiring seismic source data by using shallow hole detectors arranged at a preset distance from the two sides of the stope face to the groove and/or deep hole multistage detectors arranged in the through hole at a preset distance from the cut hole in the footage direction of the face.
8. The seismic shearer seismic source function reconstruction device for the stope according to claim 6, wherein the seismic shearer seismic source function reconstruction device is used for reconstructing the stope as the stope is minedIn the data sampling module, the data sampling module is provided with a data sampling module,the cross-correlation coefficient root mean square is calculated based on:
in the formula, N is the number of detectors, i, j is the detector number, and an integer is taken; c. CijIs the cross-correlation coefficient of the ith detector and the jth detector data.
9. The seismic shearer seismic source function reconstruction device for the stope according to claim 6, wherein the seismic shearer seismic source function reconstruction device is used for reconstructing the stope as the stope is minedPhase correction moduleCalculating the absolute travel time from the source to the receiver based on:
in the formula, tiIs the absolute travel time t from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving pointjThe absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the jth receiving point and the cross-correlation travel time delta Tij。
10. A stope face follow-up according to claim 6The seismic source function reconstruction device of the seismic shearer is characterized in thatPhase correction moduleThe absolute travel time t of each track is used for carrying out phase correction on the track data based on the following formula:
wherein the ith track data is represented by fi(t)，tiThe absolute travel time from the seismic source of the coal mining machine to the ith receiving point,
is the phase corrected data.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114384583A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Working face mining-following earthquake detection method based on seismic source of coal mining machine |
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