CN112251688B - 一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法 - Google Patents
一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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Abstract
本发明涉及新材料加工技术领域,公开了一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,通过将铌元素含量调整至0.8‑1.2%范围,有利于高温下熔融金属晶体界面之间的结合,降低不锈钢铸锭的塑性形变能力,将制备得到的钛基复合粉末均匀的涂覆在生坯表面,再进行热轧,降低了镍、硅、铜等元素对应力产生的敏感度,经过冷轧和热处理得到的钢板材料进一步用于配电柜加工时,焊接性能好,焊接接头不易产生应力腐蚀以及热裂纹,具有较低的残余应力,较高的力学强度,裂纹和晶间腐蚀倾向问题得到解决,对不锈钢的强度和韧性有显著提高,得到的不锈钢板材具有较低的残余应力,不锈钢的硬度、抗拉强度和伸长率有明显提高,耐腐蚀性能强。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新材料加工技术领域,具体涉及一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法。
背景技术
配电柜是电力***中的重要装置,是配电***的末级设备,配电柜是电动机控制中心的统称,配电柜使用在负荷比较分散、回路较少的场合;电动机控制中心用于负荷集中、回路较多的场合,它们把上一级配电设备某一电路的电能分配给就近的负荷,这级设备应对负荷提供保护、监视和控制,配电柜对于电力***尤为重要,所以配电柜的安全是配电设备的重点。
现有塑料材质的配电柜品质较差,力学性能不足以抗击外力的打击,并且易老化,不适用在外界环境下工作。逐渐被不锈钢材质的配电柜所代替,不锈钢材质耐腐蚀性能较好,具有易加工,成本低等特点。但在不锈钢加工制备配电柜时,会造成不同程度的残余应力,残余应力进一步影响部件的尺寸稳定性,造成形变和出现裂纹等问题,降低配电柜的力学性能以及影响其疲劳寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,具体工艺为:将不锈钢加工材料经过真空感应炉熔炼,浇注成锭,进行合金锻造,加热温度为1190-1220℃,保温100-120分钟,得到生坯,将制备得到的钛基复合粉末均匀的涂覆在生坯表面,进行热轧,始轧温度为1120-1130℃,保温时间为36-40分钟,终轧温度为1010-1020℃,保温时间为25-30分钟,热轧过程中通入氮气,氮气流量为60-65立方米/小时,将热轧得到的钢板板材在20-25℃下使用浓度为8.2-8.6摩尔/升的浓盐酸快速清洗表面,清洗时间为40-45秒,然后使用清水冲洗2-3遍,最后将钢板板材置于600-660℃预热的真空炉中,以7-8℃/分钟的速度升温至1030-1050℃,保温22-26分钟,进行应力消除,出炉后进行冷轧,冷轧温度为380-390℃,冷轧得到所需厚度的板材,再次置于真空炉中,在610-650℃下退火处理14-18分钟,得到不锈钢板材即可用于配电柜制作。
所述不锈钢加工材料各元素成分含量按照质量百分比为:铬占11.5-13.5%;镍占0.7-1.0%;碳占0.12-0.15%;硅占0.85-1.40%;锰占2.0-2.5%;铌占0.8-1.2%;铜占0.012-0.018%;锡占0.03-0.05%;锌占0.06-0.09%;氮占0.13-0.17%;磷占0.010-0.016%;硫占0.008-0.012%;剩余为铁和不可避免的杂质;
所述钛基复合粉末的制备方法为:取5.5-5.8克碳化钛粉体和3.3-3.7克二氧化硅粉料,置于球磨机上球磨,球磨时间为2.5-3.5小时,球磨转速为180-200转/分钟,球料质量比为10-12:1,球磨过程中使用氩气保护,得到粒径大小在35-65微米之间的粉末。
优选的,所述不锈钢加工材料各元素成分含量按照质量百分比为:铬占12.5-13.5%;镍占0.8-1.0%;碳占0.12-0.14%;硅占0.95-1.10%;锰占2.0-2.2%;铌占0.8-1.0%;铜占0.012-0.014%;锡占0.04-0.05%;锌占0.06-0.08%;氮占0.13-0.15%;磷占0.012-0.014%;硫占0.008-0.010%;剩余为铁和不可避免的杂质。
优选的,钛基复合粉末涂覆量为生坯质量的0.014-0.018%。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:为了解决现有不锈钢配电柜加工材料在机械加工中存在的残余应力大的问题,本发明提供了一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,通过将铌元素含量调整至0.8-1.2%范围,有利于高温下熔融金属晶体界面之间的结合,降低不锈钢铸锭的塑性形变能力,将制备得到的钛基复合粉末均匀的涂覆在生坯表面,再进行热轧,降低了镍、硅、铜等元素对应力产生的敏感度,经过冷轧和热处理得到的钢板材料进一步用于配电柜加工时,焊接性能好,焊接接头不易产生应力腐蚀以及热裂纹,具有较低的残余应力,较高的力学强度,裂纹和晶间腐蚀倾向问题得到解决,对不锈钢的强度和韧性有显著提高,得到的不锈钢板材具有较低的残余应力,不锈钢的硬度、抗拉强度和伸长率有明显提高,耐腐蚀性能强,还解决了不锈钢在烧结过程中存在的局部组织粗制化的问题,对不锈钢配电柜加工材料的综合性能进行提高,制备得到的不锈钢配电柜加工材料应力腐蚀显著降低,加工性能好,对推动不锈钢材料的配电柜生产进程具有重要作用。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确,下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明所提供的技术方案。
实施例1
一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,包括:将不锈钢加工材料经过真空感应炉熔炼,浇注成锭,进行合金锻造,加热温度为1190℃,保温100分钟,得到生坯,将制备得到的钛基复合粉末均匀的涂覆在生坯表面,进行热轧,始轧温度为1120℃,保温时间为36分钟,终轧温度为1010℃,保温时间为25分钟,热轧过程中通入氮气,氮气流量为60立方米/小时,将热轧得到的钢板板材在20℃下使用浓度为8.2摩尔/升的浓盐酸快速清洗表面,清洗时间为40秒,然后使用清水冲洗2遍,最后将钢板板材置于600℃预热的真空炉中,以7℃/分钟的速度升温至1030℃,保温22分钟,进行应力消除,出炉后进行冷轧,冷轧温度为380℃,冷轧得到所需厚度的板材,再次置于真空炉中,在610℃下退火处理14分钟,得到不锈钢板材即可用于配电柜制作。
所述不锈钢加工材料各元素成分含量按照质量百分比为:铬占11.5%;镍占0.7%;碳占0.12%;硅占0.85%;锰占2.0%;铌占0.8%;铜占0.012%;锡占0.03%;锌占0.06%;氮占0.13%;磷占0.010%;硫占0.008%;剩余为铁和不可避免的杂质;
所述钛基复合粉末的制备方法为:取5.5克碳化钛粉体和3.3克二氧化硅粉料,置于球磨机上球磨,球磨时间为2.5小时,球磨转速为180转/分钟,球料质量比为10:1,球磨过程中使用氩气保护,得到粒径大小在35-65微米之间的粉末。
优选的,钛基复合粉末涂覆量为生坯质量的0.014%。
按照实施例1的方法制备尺寸为140毫米·120毫米·4毫米的薄板,作为板材试样,得到的不锈钢配电柜板材样品使用WDW-100万能电子拉伸试样机上进行测试,拉伸率达到67%,拉伸强度按照GB/T228-2002的要求加工成拉伸试样,抗拉强度达到510MPa,通过洛氏硬度计测定试样的硬度(均匀取5个点,测定平均值),硬度值达到65HRB。
其它性能:将2块试样板材进行焊接,焊接电流为75A,焊接压力为10.0V,焊接速度为105毫米/分钟,焊接过程使用氩气气体保护,气流量为30升/分钟,焊接后放置30天,对焊接接头进行检测,经过扫描电镜下观察,焊缝处析出相数量极少,并且析出相周围无裂纹,焊缝处的拉伸性能无明显降低。
实施例2
一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,包括:将不锈钢加工材料经过真空感应炉熔炼,浇注成锭,进行合金锻造,加热温度为1200℃,保温110分钟,得到生坯,将制备得到的钛基复合粉末均匀的涂覆在生坯表面,进行热轧,始轧温度为1125℃,保温时间为38分钟,终轧温度为1015℃,保温时间为28分钟,热轧过程中通入氮气,氮气流量为62立方米/小时,将热轧得到的钢板板材在22℃下使用浓度为8.4摩尔/升的浓盐酸快速清洗表面,清洗时间为42秒,然后使用清水冲洗2遍,最后将钢板板材置于630℃预热的真空炉中,以7.5℃/分钟的速度升温至1040℃,保温24分钟,进行应力消除,出炉后进行冷轧,冷轧温度为385℃,冷轧得到所需厚度的板材,再次置于真空炉中,在630℃下退火处理16分钟,得到不锈钢板材即可用于配电柜制作。
所述不锈钢加工材料各元素成分含量按照质量百分比为:铬占12.8%;镍占0.85%;碳占0.13%;硅占1.00%;锰占2.1%;铌占1.0%;铜占0.014%;锡占0.04%;锌占0.07%;氮占0.14%;磷占0.012%;硫占0.008%;剩余为铁和不可避免的杂质;
所述钛基复合粉末的制备方法为:取5.6克碳化钛粉体和3.4克二氧化硅粉料,置于球磨机上球磨,球磨时间为3.0小时,球磨转速为190转/分钟,球料质量比为11:1,球磨过程中使用氩气保护,得到粒径大小在35-65微米之间的粉末。
优选的,钛基复合粉末涂覆量为生坯质量的0.016%。
按照实施例2的方法制备尺寸为140毫米·120毫米·4毫米的薄板,作为板材试样,得到的不锈钢配电柜板材样品使用WDW-100万能电子拉伸试样机上进行测试,拉伸率达到69%,拉伸强度按照GB/T228-2002的要求加工成拉伸试样,抗拉强度达到515MPa,通过洛氏硬度计测定试样的硬度(均匀取5个点,测定平均值),硬度值达到67HRB。
其它性能:将2块试样板材进行焊接,焊接电流为75A,焊接压力为10.0V,焊接速度为105毫米/分钟,焊接过程使用氩气气体保护,气流量为30升/分钟,焊接后放置30天,对焊接接头进行检测,经过扫描电镜下观察,焊缝处析出相数量极少,并且析出相周围无裂纹,焊缝处的拉伸性能无明显降低。
实施例3
一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,包括:将不锈钢加工材料经过真空感应炉熔炼,浇注成锭,进行合金锻造,加热温度为1220℃,保温120分钟,得到生坯,将制备得到的钛基复合粉末均匀的涂覆在生坯表面,进行热轧,始轧温度为1130℃,保温时间为40分钟,终轧温度为1020℃,保温时间为30分钟,热轧过程中通入氮气,氮气流量为65立方米/小时,将热轧得到的钢板板材在25℃下使用浓度为8.6摩尔/升的浓盐酸快速清洗表面,清洗时间为45秒,然后使用清水冲洗3遍,最后将钢板板材置于660℃预热的真空炉中,以8℃/分钟的速度升温至1050℃,保温26分钟,进行应力消除,出炉后进行冷轧,冷轧温度为390℃,冷轧得到所需厚度的板材,再次置于真空炉中,在650℃下退火处理18分钟,得到不锈钢板材即可用于配电柜制作。
所述不锈钢加工材料各元素成分含量按照质量百分比为:铬占13.5%;镍占1.0%;碳占0.15%;硅占1.40%;锰占2.5%;铌占1.2%;铜占0.018%;锡占0.05%;锌占0.09%;氮占0.17%;磷占0.016%;硫占0.012%;剩余为铁和不可避免的杂质;
所述钛基复合粉末的制备方法为:取5.8克碳化钛粉体和3.7克二氧化硅粉料,置于球磨机上球磨,球磨时间为3.5小时,球磨转速为200转/分钟,球料质量比为12:1,球磨过程中使用氩气保护,得到粒径大小在35-65微米之间的粉末。
优选的,钛基复合粉末涂覆量为生坯质量的0.018%。
按照实施例3的方法制备尺寸为140毫米·120毫米·4毫米的薄板,作为板材试样,得到的不锈钢配电柜板材样品使用WDW-100万能电子拉伸试样机上进行测试,拉伸率达到68%,拉伸强度按照GB/T228-2002的要求加工成拉伸试样,抗拉强度达到512MPa,通过洛氏硬度计测定试样的硬度(均匀取5个点,测定平均值),硬度值达到66HRB。
其它性能:将2块试样板材进行焊接,焊接电流为75A,焊接压力为10.0V,焊接速度为105毫米/分钟,焊接过程使用氩气气体保护,气流量为30升/分钟,焊接后放置30天,对焊接接头进行检测,经过扫描电镜下观察,焊缝处析出相数量极少,并且析出相周围无裂纹,焊缝处的拉伸性能无明显降低。
对比例
一种不锈钢配电柜加工材料,包括:将不锈钢加工材料经过真空感应炉熔炼,浇注成锭,进行合金锻造,加热温度为1190℃,保温100分钟,得到生坯,进行热轧,始轧温度为1120℃,保温时间为36分钟,终轧温度为1010℃,保温时间为25分钟,热轧过程中通入氮气,氮气流量为60立方米/小时,将热轧得到的钢板板材在20℃下使用浓度为8.2摩尔/升的浓盐酸快速清洗表面,清洗时间为40秒,然后使用清水冲洗2遍,最后将钢板板材置于600℃预热的真空炉中,以7℃/分钟的速度升温至1030℃,保温22℃,进行应力消除,出炉后进行冷轧,冷轧温度为380℃,冷轧得到所需厚度的板材,再次置于真空炉中,在1010℃下退火处理14分钟,得到不锈钢板材即可用于配电柜制作;
所述不锈钢加工材料各元素成分含量按照质量百分比为:铬占11.5%;镍占0.7%;碳占0.12%;硅占0.85%;锰占2.0%;铌占0.8%;铜占0.012%;锡占0.03%;锌占0.06%;氮占0.13%;磷占0.010%;硫占0.008%;剩余为铁和不可避免的杂质。
按照对比例的方法制备尺寸为140毫米·120毫米·4毫米的薄板,作为板材试样,得到的不锈钢配电柜板材样品使用WDW-100万能电子拉伸试样机上进行测试,拉伸率为56%,拉伸强度按照GB/T228-2002的要求加工成拉伸试样,抗拉强度达到472MPa,通过洛氏硬度计测定试样的硬度(均匀取5个点,测定平均值),硬度值达到61HRB。
其它性能:将2块试样板材进行焊接,焊接电流为75A,焊接压力为10.0V,焊接速度为105毫米/分钟,焊接过程使用氩气气体保护,气流量为30升/分钟,焊接后放置30天,对焊接接头进行检测,经过扫描电镜下观察,焊缝处析出相数量增大,并且析出相周围有明显裂纹,焊缝处的拉伸性能明显降低。
Claims (4)
1.一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将不锈钢加工材料经过真空感应炉熔炼,浇注成锭,进行合金锻造,加热温度为1190-1220℃,保温100-120分钟,得到生坯,将制备得到的钛基复合粉末均匀的涂覆在生坯表面,进行热轧,始轧温度为1120-1130℃,保温时间为36-40分钟,终轧温度为1010-1020℃,保温时间为25-30分钟,热轧过程中通入氮气;
(2)将热轧得到的钢板板材在20-25℃下使用浓盐酸快速清洗表面,清洗时间为40-45秒,然后使用清水冲洗2-3遍,最后将钢板板材置于600-660℃预热的真空炉中,以7-8℃/分钟的速度升温至1030-1050℃,保温22-26分钟,出炉后进行冷轧,冷轧温度为380-390℃,冷轧得到所需厚度的板材,再次置于真空炉中,在610-650℃下退火处理14-18分钟,得到不锈钢板材即可用于配电柜制作;
所述不锈钢加工材料各元素成分含量按照质量百分比为:铬占11.5-13.5%;镍占0.7-1.0%;碳占0.12-0.15%;硅占0.85-1.40%;锰占2.0-2.5%;铌占0.8-1.2%;铜占0.012-0.018%;锡占0.03-0.05%;锌占0.06-0.09%;氮占0.13-0.17%;磷占0.010-0.016%;硫占0.008-0.012%;剩余为铁和不可避免的杂质;
步骤(1)所述钛基复合粉末的制备方法为:取5.5-5.8克碳化钛粉体和3.3-3.7克二氧化硅粉料,置于球磨机上球磨,球磨时间为2.5-3.5小时,球磨转速为180-200转/分钟,球料质量比为10-12:1,球磨过程中使用氩气保护,得到粒径大小在35-65微米之间的粉末;
步骤(1)所述钛基复合粉末涂覆量为生坯质量的0.014-0.018%。
2.如权利要求1所述一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述热轧过程中氮气流量为60-65立方米/小时。
3.如权利要求1所述一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述浓盐酸浓度为8.2-8.6摩尔/升。
4.如权利要求1所述一种降低不锈钢配电柜加工材料残余应力的方法,其特征在于,所述不锈钢加工材料各元素成分含量按照质量百分比为:铬占12.5-13.5%;镍占0.8-1.0%;碳占0.12-0.14%;硅占0.95-1.10%;锰占2.0-2.2%;铌占0.8-1.0%;铜占0.012-0.014%;锡占0.04-0.05%;锌占0.06-0.08%;氮占0.13-0.15%;磷占0.012-0.014%;硫占0.008-0.010%;剩余为铁和不可避免的杂质。
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