CN112247688A - Automatic cutter clamping structure capable of adjusting clamping stroke and stroke adjusting method - Google Patents
Automatic cutter clamping structure capable of adjusting clamping stroke and stroke adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112247688A CN112247688A CN202011532371.6A CN202011532371A CN112247688A CN 112247688 A CN112247688 A CN 112247688A CN 202011532371 A CN202011532371 A CN 202011532371A CN 112247688 A CN112247688 A CN 112247688A
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- clamping
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- stroke
- rod
- ejector rod
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
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- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cutter automatic clamping structure capable of adjusting a clamping stroke and a stroke adjusting method, wherein the cutter automatic clamping structure comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a positioning ejector rod, a clamping ejector rod and a switching piece for connecting a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the clamping ejector rod, the positioning ejector rod and the clamping ejector rod are arranged opposite, and when the piston rod makes telescopic motion, the clamping ejector rod is driven by the switching piece to be close to or far away from the positioning ejector rod; the hydraulic cylinder is further connected with a stroke adjusting mechanism, the stroke adjusting mechanism comprises a middle moving piece and a right limiting stop iron fixed with the piston rod, the distance between the middle moving piece and the right limiting stop iron forms the stroke of the piston rod, and the middle moving piece can be close to or far away from the right limiting stop iron along the axial direction of the piston rod. The automatic tool clamping structure capable of adjusting the clamping stroke and the stroke adjusting method can realize online adjustment of the clamping stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, widen the machining range of a machine tool and facilitate tool changing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blade processing equipment, in particular to a tool automatic clamping structure capable of adjusting a clamping stroke and a stroke adjusting method, and is particularly used for a periphery grinding machine of an indexable blade.
Background
The indexable blade grinding machine is a machine tool designed for industries and fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, engineering machinery, railway locomotives and the like, can grind the periphery of blades of different materials, specifications and shapes and can keep the precision of the blades, the blade clamping function of the peripheral grinding machine is realized by a lever, one end of the lever is connected with a hydraulic cylinder, the other end of the lever is connected with a clamping ejector rod, when the hydraulic cylinder stretches out and draws back, the clamping ejector rod at the other end of the lever is driven by the lever to do reciprocating motion, and the rapid online adjustment of the clamping stroke cannot be realized because the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is a fixed value.
In addition, the prior art also proposes that the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to a micro-scale degree by adjusting the stroke of a piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder, for example, the name of patent No. CN201020263201.8 is "double upper punch inner punch stroke adjusting device of powder forming machine", the device adjusts the position of the adjusting sleeve on the piston rod through the matching of the adjusting sleeve, the worm wheel and the worm, wherein the turbine is axially limited by the turbine pressure plate, the adjusting sleeve is circumferentially limited on the piston rod, when the worm is rotated, the turbine drives the adjusting sleeve to axially move along the piston rod, when the inner stroke of the device is adjusted, because the upper end surface of the adjusting sleeve is propped against the lower end surface of the piston part, therefore, the pressure cavity must be unloaded during adjustment to adjust, otherwise, the piston part is pressed by the pressure of the pressure cavity, the adjusting sleeve is not adjusted, namely, the stroke adjustment in the structure can be adjusted only in a hydraulic or pneumatic shutdown state, and the on-line adjustment cannot be carried out immediately.
Therefore, a tool automatic clamping structure capable of adjusting the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder on line needs to be designed, so that the application range of the indexable insert peripheral grinding machine is expanded, and the quick switching of the grinding modes of inserts with different thickness sizes is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that an indexable insert peripheral grinding machine cannot be suitable for inserts with different thickness sizes or the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder cannot be instantly adjusted on line to adapt to inserts with different thicknesses in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic tool clamping structure with an adjustable clamping stroke and a stroke adjusting method.
The invention provides a cutter automatic clamping structure capable of adjusting a clamping stroke, which comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a positioning ejector rod, a clamping ejector rod and a switching piece, wherein a piston rod is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, the switching piece is connected with the piston rod and the clamping ejector rod, the positioning ejector rod and the clamping ejector rod are arranged opposite to each other, and when the piston rod makes telescopic motion, the clamping ejector rod is driven by the switching piece to be close to or far away from the positioning ejector rod; the hydraulic cylinder is further connected with a stroke adjusting mechanism, the stroke adjusting mechanism comprises a middle moving piece and a right limiting stop iron fixed with the piston rod, the distance between the middle moving piece and the right limiting stop iron forms the stroke of the piston rod, and the middle moving piece can be close to or far away from the right limiting stop iron along the axial direction of the piston rod.
Further, the right limit stop iron is fixed at the tail end of the piston rod, the moving direction of the piston rod is opposite to the moving direction of the clamping ejector rod, and the stroke adjusting mechanism further comprises: the outer connecting piece is in transmission connection with the middle moving piece; the adjusting handle is fixedly connected with the outer connecting piece; when the adjusting handle is rotated, the outer connecting piece drives the middle moving piece to move axially, and the right limiting stop iron is suitable for adjusting the stroke of the middle moving piece moving towards the extending direction of the piston rod.
Preferably, the middle moving part is sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod and fixed with the piston rod in the circumferential direction, and external threads are arranged on the periphery of the middle moving part; the outer connecting piece is positioned on the periphery of the middle moving piece and is in threaded fit with the middle moving piece; the stroke adjusting mechanism further comprises a fixed seat, and the fixed seat is suitable for limiting the outer connecting piece in the axial direction.
Preferably, the inner side of the circumference of the middle moving part and the outer side of the circumference of the piston rod are both provided with guide key grooves which are matched with each other, and a guide flat key is arranged between the two guide key grooves.
Furthermore, the stroke adjusting mechanism further comprises a left limiting stop iron, the left limiting stop iron and the right limiting stop iron are respectively positioned on two sides of the middle moving part, the left limiting stop iron is axially limited at the end part of the outer connecting part, and the left limiting stop iron is suitable for adjusting the stroke of the middle moving part moving towards the retraction direction of the piston rod.
Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder and the positioning ejector rod are fixedly connected with the base, and the middle part of the adapter is hinged with the base; the clamping ejector rod is fixed on the sliding sleeve, one end of the adapter is hinged with the piston rod, the other end of the adapter is hinged with the sliding sleeve, and the base is provided with a sliding hole suitable for the sliding sleeve to do reciprocating linear motion.
Further, still include blade thickness measurement subassembly, blade thickness measurement subassembly includes thickness measurement sensor and letter transmission transition connecting rod, thickness measurement sensor is fixed with the frame, the one end and the sliding sleeve fixed connection of letter transmission transition connecting rod, the other end to thickness measurement sensor direction extends, so that letter transmission transition connecting rod with thickness measurement sensor is just right.
Furthermore, the online processing precision measuring device is fixed with the machine base and is horizontally arranged close to the end part of the blade.
The invention also provides a stroke adjusting method, which is characterized in that the method uses the automatic cutter clamping structure capable of adjusting the clamping stroke, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the clamping ejector rod returns to zero, the hydraulic cylinder is started, and the piston rod extends out, so that the clamping ejector rod is driven by the adapter to move forward to be in contact with the positioning ejector rod.
S2: setting a blade reserved space; and adjusting the middle moving piece according to the thickness of the blade, wherein the position of the middle moving piece is the retraction limit position of the piston rod.
S3: the clamping mandril retreats; and the hydraulic cylinder moves reversely, so that the piston rod is retracted to the retraction limit position in S2, the clamping mandril reaches the maximum distance with the positioning mandril, and the adjusting step is completed.
Further, in S2, first, the middle moving member is moved toward the piston rod extending direction until it contacts the right stopper; and then the middle moving piece reversely moves until the distance between the middle moving piece and the right limit stop iron is equal to the thickness of the blade, and the position of the middle moving piece is the retraction limit position of the piston rod.
In S3, the hydraulic cylinder is moved in reverse until the right limit stop again contacts the middle moving member.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the automatic tool clamping structure capable of adjusting the clamping stroke and the stroke adjusting method can realize online adjustment of the clamping stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, widen the machining range of a machine tool and facilitate the change of a machined blade.
(2) The automatic cutter clamping structure capable of adjusting the clamping stroke and the stroke adjusting method can realize online measurement of the thickness of the blade, so that the thickness measurement of the blade is more intelligent and convenient.
(3) The invention can realize the automatic clamping and loosening of the blade and has higher processing precision and processing efficiency.
(4) The invention can realize the on-line measurement of the position, the size and the processed precision of the blade.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adjustable clamping stroke automatic tool clamping arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an automatic clamping structure of a tool with an adjustable clamping stroke according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the automatic clamping structure of the adjustable clamping stroke tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line M-M of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at a of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at b;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at c of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line N-N of FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line O-O of FIG. 2;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line P-P of FIG. 2;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a signaling transition link of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an analysis of the automatic blade clamping and unclamping torque of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a hydraulic cylinder, 101, a piston rod, 2, a positioning ejector rod, 3, a clamping ejector rod, 4, an adapter, 5, a machine base, 501, a sliding hole, 6, a rotary hinged shaft, 7, a fulcrum, 8, a piston rod hinged shaft, 9, a clamping hinged shaft, 10, a stroke adjusting mechanism, 1001, a left limit stop iron, 1002, a right limit stop iron, 1003, a fixed seat, 1004, a middle moving part, 1005, an adjusting handle, 1006, an outer connecting part, 1007, a left end flange, 1008, a guide key groove, 1009, a guide flat key, 11, a positioning push rod, 12, an air cavity, 13, a sliding sleeve, 14, a blade thickness measuring component, 1401, a thickness measuring sensor, 1402, a signaling transition connecting rod, 15, a machining precision online measuring device, 1501, a sensor mounting seat, 1502, a fixing nut, 1503 and an online detecting sensor.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-7, an automatic tool clamping structure capable of adjusting a clamping stroke comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, a positioning ejector rod 2, a clamping ejector rod 3 and an adapter 4, wherein a piston rod 101 is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 1, the adapter 4 is connected with the piston rod 101 and the clamping ejector rod 3, the positioning ejector rod 2 and the clamping ejector rod 3 are arranged opposite to each other, and when the piston rod 101 makes a telescopic motion, the clamping ejector rod 3 is driven by the adapter 4 to be close to or far away from the positioning ejector rod 2; the hydraulic cylinder 1 is further connected with a stroke adjusting mechanism 10, the stroke adjusting mechanism 10 comprises a middle moving part 1004 and a right limit stop iron 1002 fixed with the piston rod 101, the distance between the middle moving part 1004 and the right limit stop iron 1002 forms the stroke of the piston rod 101, and the middle moving part 1004 can be close to or far away from the right limit stop iron 1002 along the axial direction of the piston rod 101.
The positioning ejector rod 2 is used for positioning a blade, the positioning ejector rod 2 and the clamping ejector rod 3 are suitable for clamping the blade, the adaptor 4 is used for transmitting the linear motion of the piston rod 101 to the clamping ejector rod 3, in addition, the invention controls the stroke of the piston rod 101 through the middle moving piece 1004 capable of freely moving and the right limit stop iron 1002 fixed on the piston rod 101, the invention needs to adjust the distance between the clamping ejector rod 3 and the positioning ejector rod 2 according to the thickness of the blade when in work, therefore, in the operation, the clamping ejector rod 3 is usually attached to the positioning ejector rod 2, the end surface of the clamping ejector rod 3 is at the mechanical zero point, then the clamping ejector rod 3 is retracted to the distance of the blade thickness, the blade is arranged between the clamping ejector rod 3 and the positioning ejector rod 2, the working stroke of the piston rod 101 is a unidirectional stroke, namely the retracting stroke of the clamping ejector rod 3, therefore, the invention can realize stroke control only through the middle moving piece 1004 and, the working stroke of the piston rod 101 is the distance of moving towards the direction of the middle moving part 1004, and when the position adjustment of the middle moving part 1004 is completed and the right limit stop iron 1002 moves along with the piston rod 101 and approaches towards the middle moving part 1004, the clamping ejector rod 3 gradually gets away from the positioning ejector rod 2. Because the movement of the middle moving part 1004 and the position of the right limit stop dog 1002 are not affected by the cavity structure of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the stroke adjustment can be realized without pressure relief. The clamping stroke can be timely adjusted on line.
The first embodiment is a cutter automatic clamping structure capable of adjusting a clamping stroke, and the cutter automatic clamping structure comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, a positioning ejector rod 2, a clamping ejector rod 3 and an adapter 4 for connecting a piston rod 101 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the clamping ejector rod 3, wherein the positioning ejector rod 2 and the clamping ejector rod 3 are arranged opposite to each other, and when the piston rod 101 makes telescopic motion, the clamping ejector rod 3 is driven by the adapter 4 to be close to or far away from the positioning ejector rod 2; the hydraulic cylinder 1 is further connected with a stroke adjusting mechanism 10, the stroke adjusting mechanism 10 comprises a middle moving part 1004 and a right limit stop iron 1002 fixed with the piston rod 101, the distance between the middle moving part 1004 and the right limit stop iron 1002 forms the stroke of the piston rod 101, and the middle moving part 1004 can be close to or far away from the right limit stop iron 1002 along the axial direction of the piston rod 101.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the stroke adjustment mechanism 10 has the following structure: the device comprises a middle moving part 1004, a right limit stop iron 1002, an outer connecting piece 1006 and an adjusting handle 1005, wherein the outer connecting piece 1006 is in transmission connection with the middle moving part 1004, and the adjusting handle 1005 is fixedly connected with the outer connecting piece 1006; when the adjusting handle 1005 is rotated, the outer connecting member 1006 drives the middle moving member 1004 to move axially, and the right limit stop 1002 is adapted to adjust the stroke of the middle moving member 1004 moving towards the extending direction of the piston rod 101. The right limit stopper 1002 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 101, the end is an end portion along the extending direction of the piston rod 101, the moving direction of the piston rod 101 is opposite to the moving direction of the clamping ejector rod 3, for example, a lever is used as the adaptor 4, as shown in fig. 4, a fulcrum 7 is arranged in the middle of the lever, one end of the lever is hinged to the clamping ejector rod 3, the other end of the lever is hinged to the piston rod 101, when the piston rod 101 moves, the lever rotates around the fulcrum 7 to drive the clamping ejector rod 3 to move, and the lever can convert the linear motion of the piston rod 101 into the linear motion of the clamping ejector. The adjusting handle 1005 is arranged outside, is convenient for the position of manual adjustment, and is used for adjusting the rotary motion of the outer connecting piece 1006 at any time, the outer connecting piece 1006 and the middle moving piece 1004 directly act, and the middle moving piece 1004 is controlled to move through the transmission connection relation between the outer connecting piece 1006 and the middle moving piece 1004.
In order to make the clamping mandril 3 move along the extension direction parallel to the piston rod 101, in a further embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the positioning mandril 2 are axially positioned on the base 5, the clamping mandril 3 is fixed on the sliding sleeve 13, one end of the adapter 4 is hinged with the piston rod 101, the other end is hinged with the sliding sleeve 13, the base 5 is provided with a sliding hole 501 suitable for the sliding sleeve 13 to do reciprocating linear motion, and the sliding hole 501 is arranged in the sliding holeThe clamping mandril 3 keeps moving horizontally and linearly under the limit of 501. In the present embodiment, the principle of automatic clamping and releasing of the blade is shown in fig. 4-6, the fulcrum 7 of the lever is born by the rotary hinge shaft 6 fixedly hinged at the middle part of the machine base 5, the rotary motion of the lever is converted into the horizontal linear motion of the piston rod 101 and the clamping mandril 3 through the piston rod hinge shaft 8 and the clamping hinge shaft 9, so as to realize the left-right clamping action of the blade, the piston rod 101 and the clamping mandril 3 are separated at two sides of the fulcrum 7, so the moving directions of the piston rod 101 and the clamping mandril 3 are opposite, and simultaneously, the structure is a force-increasing lever, as shown in fig. 12, FWorkpiece×LWorkpiece= FPiston rod×LPiston rod，FWorkpiece= FPiston rod×LPiston rod/ LThe work-piece is pressed against the workpiece,wherein FWorkpieceFor clamping the ejector rod 3, LWorkpieceFor clamping the length of the arm between the hinge shaft 9 and the fulcrum 7 of the lever, FPiston rodThe magnitude of the thrust force, L, of the piston rod 101Piston rodThe length of the force arm between the hinged shaft 8 of the piston rod and the fulcrum 7 of the lever is LPiston rod/ LWorkpiece> 1, thus FWorkpiece＞FPiston rodThis is therefore a power lever.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the end of the positioning mandril 2 is fixed, the center of the right end surface of the positioning mandril 2 is the mechanical zero point of the machine tool, the mechanical zero point is the initial positioning point for clamping the blade, and the clamping and loosening functions are realized by the left and right feeding of the clamping mandril 3; in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a positioning push rod 11 is further movably connected to the center of the positioning push rod 2, the rear end of the positioning push rod 11 is connected to an air chamber 12, the positioning push rod 11 is used for positioning a ground blade with a hole, the pneumatic reversing valve controls the inlet and outlet of pressure air, the pneumatic reversing valve acts when positioning is needed, the air chamber 12 is filled with the pressure air, the positioning push rod 11 extends out of the inner hole of the positioning push rod 2 rightwards under the action of air pressure, the pneumatic reversing valve acts reversely when positioning is not needed, the air chamber 12 is unloaded, and the positioning push rod 11 retracts into the inner hole of the positioning push rod 2 under the action of a reset spring. When the left cavity of the piston is supplied with oil, the piston rod 101 moves rightwards, the piston rod 101 drives the lever to rotate anticlockwise around the fulcrum 7, and the lever drives the clamping ejector rod 3 to move leftwards, so that a blade positioned on the positioning ejector rod 2 is clamped; when the right cavity of the piston is fed with oil, the piston rod 101 moves leftwards, the piston rod 101 drives the lever to rotate clockwise around the fulcrum 7, and the lever drives the clamping ejector rod 3 to move rightwards, so that the blade positioned on the positioning ejector rod 2 is loosened.
The machine tool needs different clamping forces when grinding different types of blades, the change of the clamping force is realized by changing the hydraulic pressure of the input hydraulic cylinder 1, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is adjusted and changed through a proportional overflow valve in a hydraulic system, and a plurality of gears can be arranged according to the requirement for selection. From FWorkpiece= FPiston rod×LPiston rod/ LWorkpiece，FPiston rod=PPiston rod×APiston rodObtaining a clamping force calculation formula FWorkpiece=PPiston rod×APiston rod×LPiston rod/ LWorkpieceWherein P isPiston rodThe pressure value of the lever at the hinged shaft 8 of the piston rod, APiston rodFor the contact area of the lever and the piston rod 101, different hydraulic pressures P are given according to the above formulaPiston rodCorresponding different values of clamping force can be obtained.
The transmission connection between the outer connecting member 1006 and the middle moving member 1004 can be realized by a worm gear, a plurality of connecting rods, or a rack and pinion.
In one embodiment of this embodiment, the connection structure of the middle moving part 1004 and the outer connecting part 1006 is as follows: the middle moving part 1004 is sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod 101 and is circumferentially fixed with the piston rod 101, and external threads are arranged on the periphery of the middle moving part 1004; the outer connecting piece 1006 is positioned on the outer periphery of the middle moving piece 1004 and is in threaded fit with the middle moving piece 1004, namely, the inner periphery of the outer connecting piece 1006 is provided with an inner thread matched with the outer thread; the stroke adjusting mechanism 10 further comprises a fixing seat 1003, and the fixing seat 1003 is suitable for axially limiting the external connecting piece 1006.
As shown in fig. 7, the fixing base 1003 is fixedly connected to the base 5 by screws, the outer connecting member 1006 is circumferentially positioned and installed in an inner hole of the fixing base 1003 by an outer circle, a right end surface axially passing through a left end flange 1007 of the outer connecting member 1006 and a right end surface of the outer connecting member 1006 are respectively positioned on a left end surface of the fixing base 1003 and a left end surface of the adjusting handle 1005, the inner hole of the outer connecting member 1006 is provided with a right-handed fine thread in a full length range, for example, a thread pitch S is 1.5mm, the outer connecting member 1006 is fixed to the adjusting handle 1005 by a connecting screw on the right end surface, the adjusting handle 1005 is circumferentially positioned and installed on the outer circle of the fixing base 1003 by an inner hole, the axial direction passes through an end surface of an inner hole step and is positioned with the right end; the excircle of the outer connecting piece 1006 is provided with a right-handed fine thread matched with the inner hole of the middle moving piece 1004, the middle moving piece 1004 is positioned and installed on the excircle on the right side of the piston rod 101 through the inner hole and can slide left and right on the excircle of the piston rod 101, and the circumferential degree of freedom of the piston rod 101 is limited by the adapter 4 and the piston rod hinge shaft 8, so that the circumferential degree of freedom of the middle moving piece 1004 with the piston rod 101 having circumferential limiting measures is also limited, and the middle moving piece 1004 cannot rotate in the circumferential direction relative to the piston rod 101.
The circumferential limit of the middle moving part 1004 and the piston rod 101 can be realized by, but not limited to, the following structure: the inner side of the circumference of the middle moving part 1004 and the outer side of the circumference of the piston rod 101 are both provided with guide key grooves 1008 which are matched with each other, and a guide flat key 1009 is arranged between the two guide key grooves 1008. The guide key groove 1008 has a rectangular cross section, and circumferential positioning of the intermediate moving member 1004 and the piston rod 101 is achieved by the guide flat key 1009.
In the second embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the stroke adjusting mechanism 10 further includes a left limit stop 1001, the left limit stop 1001 and the right limit stop 1002 are respectively located at two sides of the middle moving member 1004, the left limit stop 1001 is axially limited at an end of the outer connecting member 1006, and the left limit stop 1001 is adapted to limit a distance of the middle moving member 1004 moving toward the retraction direction of the piston rod 101.
The left limit stopper 1001 is used to adjust the stroke of the middle moving member 1004 moving leftward, thereby limiting the maximum stroke range of the piston rod 101. When the adjusting handle 1005 is rotated clockwise as viewed from the right side of fig. 7, the outer connecting member 1006 fixedly connected to the adjusting handle 1005 is also rotated clockwise, and since the degree of freedom in the circumferential direction of the intermediate moving member 1004 screw-engaged therewith is restricted, the intermediate moving member 1004 is linearly fed rightward under the guiding action of the guiding flat key 1009 until the right end surface of the intermediate moving member 1004 contacts the left end surface of the right stopper 1002, and at this time, the right limit of the stroke of the intermediate moving member 1004 is reached; if the adjusting handle 1005 is rotated counterclockwise, the outer connecting piece 1006 fixedly connected with the adjusting handle 1005 is also rotated counterclockwise, and since the degree of freedom in the circumferential direction of the intermediate moving piece 1004 in threaded engagement with the adjusting handle is limited, the intermediate moving piece 1004 is linearly fed leftward under the guiding action of the guiding flat key 1009 until the left end surface of the intermediate moving piece 1004 contacts with the right end surface of the left limit stopper 1001, and at this time, the stroke left limit of the intermediate moving piece 1004 is reached.
The adjustment knob 1005 is graduated (as shown in fig. 1) and can be used to mark adjustment data, and the distance of linear feed of the clamping ram 3 by one rotation of the adjustment knob 1005 is H = S/(L), for example, the pitch of the fine threads of the outer connecting member 1006 and the intermediate moving member 1004 is 1.5mmPiston rod/ LWorkpiece) Wherein S is the pitch of the female thread of the male connector 1006, LWorkpieceFor clamping the length of the arm between the hinge shaft 9 and the fulcrum 7 of the lever, LPiston rodThe length of the force arm between the hinged shaft 8 of the piston rod and the fulcrum 7 of the lever is LPiston rod=143mm，LWorkpieceFor example, =110mm, the linear distance H = 1.5/(L) of the movement of the clamping rod 3 is obtained by adjusting the handle 1005 to rotate oncePiston rod/ LWorkpiece）=1.5/(143/110)=1.15mm。
In a third embodiment, on the basis of the first or second embodiment, the present invention further includes a blade thickness measuring assembly 14, the blade thickness measuring assembly 14 includes a thickness measuring sensor 1401 and a transmission transition link 1402, the thickness measuring sensor 1401 is fixed to the machine base 5, one end of the transmission transition link 1402 is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 13, and the other end of the transmission transition link 1402 extends toward the thickness measuring sensor 1401, so that the transmission transition link 1402 faces the thickness measuring sensor 1401.
As shown in fig. 8-12, the thickness measuring sensor 1401 is installed on the machine base 5, and sends a signal through the signal sending transition link 1402, and measures the distance of change, and the signal sending transition link 1402 is fixed on the sliding sleeve 13 through the connecting screw, and because the sliding sleeve 13 and the clamping mandril 3 move forward and backward, the change of the position of the clamping mandril 3 can be obtained by measuring the change of the left and right positions of the signal sending transition link 1402. Signal-transmitting transition connecting rod 1402 is formed by connecting J-shaped rod and right-angle rod end to end, the planes of the J-shaped rod and the right-angle rod are perpendicular to each other, the hook part of the J-shaped rod is fixed at the end part of sliding sleeve 13, the right-angle rod is firstly bent towards the surface direction of the perpendicular J-shaped rod, and then extends towards the direction of thickness measuring sensor 1401, so that the right-angle rod is positioned right above the thickness measuring sensor 1401, when sliding sleeve 13 moves, the distance between the right-angle rod and the thickness measuring sensor 1401 changes, and therefore the moving distance of sliding sleeve 13 can be detected.
In the fourth embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiments, the present invention further includes a machining precision online measuring device 15 fixed to the base 5, and the machining precision online measuring device 15 is horizontally disposed near an end of the blade. As shown in fig. 1 and 10, a sensor mounting seat 1501 is fixed on the machine base 5, an online detection sensor 1503 is mounted on the sensor mounting seat 1501 through a fixing nut 1502, and the diameter of an inscribed circle of a grinded blade is monitored on line in real time through the online detection sensor 1503 fixed on the machine base 5; the machining precision online measuring device 15 can monitor the eccentricity of the center of the ground blade relative to the center of the machine tool on line in real time; and the machining precision of the ground blade can be detected on line in real time.
The fifth embodiment is a stroke adjusting method, which is characterized in that the method uses the automatic tool clamping structure capable of adjusting the clamping stroke, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the clamping ejector rod 3 is reset to zero, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is started, and the piston rod 101 extends out, so that the clamping ejector rod 3 is driven by the adapter 4 to move forward to be in contact with the positioning ejector rod 2, and the end face of the clamping ejector rod 3 is located at a mechanical zero point.
S2: setting a blade reserved space; the intermediate moving member 1004 is adjusted according to the thickness of the blade, and the position of the intermediate moving member 1004 is the retreat limit position of the piston rod 101.
S3: the clamping mandril 3 retreats; and (3) the hydraulic cylinder 1 moves reversely, wherein the moving direction of the hydraulic cylinder 1 in the step is opposite to the moving direction of the hydraulic cylinder 1 in the step S1, the piston rod 101 retracts to the retraction limit position in the step S2, the clamping mandril 3 reaches the maximum distance with the positioning mandril 2, and the adjusting step is completed.
In the invention, each device is controlled by an operation panel connected with a controller, before the stroke is adjusted, a relevant button on a numerical control operation panel is firstly operated, a pneumatic system is closed, and a positioning push rod 11 is controlled to return to the inner hole of a positioning push rod 2; and then operating a related button on the numerical control panel to start the hydraulic station. The stroke adjustment is started as follows:
s1: the clamping force output by the clamping ejector rod 3 is set on the numerical control panel and is the clamping force of a lower gear, so that the relatively lower back pressure of the pressure is ensured during adjustment, and the impact cannot be generated. This allows the output pressure P of the hydraulic station to be adjusted by adjusting the proportional relief valve of the hydraulic stationPiston rodFor example, the embodiment can use PPiston rodThe pressure is adjusted to 1.5MPa of the lower gear. Then, pressing down related buttons on the numerical control panel to control the hydraulic electromagnetic directional valve to realize hydraulic clamping; at the moment, the clamping ejector rod 3 advances to the zero position of the machine tool, and the left end face of the clamping ejector rod 3 is contacted with the right end face of the positioning ejector rod 2.
S2: and arranging a blade reserved space. Firstly, the middle moving part 1004 moves towards the extending direction of the piston rod 101 until contacting with the right limit stop iron 1002; then the middle moving part 1004 is moved reversely (the reverse movement refers to the movement of the middle moving part 1004 towards the retraction direction of the piston rod 101) until the distance between the middle moving part 1004 and the right limit stop iron 1002 is equal to the thickness of the blade, and the middle moving part 1004 is positioned at the retraction limit position of the piston rod 101.
The adjusting handle 1005 is rotated clockwise to make the middle moving part 1004 feed straight to the right under the guiding action of the guiding flat key 1009 until the right end face of the middle moving part 1004 contacts with the left end face of the right limit stop iron 1002,at this time, the adjusting handle 1005 is experienced to be still rotated, that is, the right end surface of the middle moving part 1004 is shown to be contacted with the left end surface of the right limit stop iron 1002, the scale value of the adjusting handle 1005 at this time is remembered, then the adjusting handle 1005 starts to rotate anticlockwise, the number of turns of the adjusting handle 1005 which needs to rotate anticlockwise is calculated according to the following formula, the number of turns of the adjusting handle 1005 is adjusted to be N = delta/H, wherein delta is the thickness of the blade to be ground, H is the distance of linear feeding of the clamping mandril 3 which rotates one turn of the adjusting handle 1005, and H = 1.5/(L) (/ D) assumingPiston rod/ LWorkpiece) =1.5/(143/110) =1.15mm, and the number of adjustment turns N =3.18/1.15=2.77, and the adjustment handle 1005 may be rotated to a desired position according to the calculated N value.
S3, the clamp ram 3 retracts. Pressing down a related button on a numerical control panel to control the hydraulic electromagnetic directional valve to act so as to realize hydraulic release; at the moment, oil is supplied to the right cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1, pressure oil in the left cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is unloaded, the piston rod 101 moves leftwards, the piston rod 101 drives the adapter 4 to rotate clockwise around the fulcrum 7, the adapter 4 drives the sliding sleeve 13 to move rightwards, namely, the clamping ejector rod 3 is driven to move rightwards, when the piston rod 101 moves leftwards until the right end face of the middle moving part 1004 contacts with the left end face of the right limit stop iron 1002 again, the clamping ejector rod 3 retreats rightwards to a stroke position needing to be adjusted, namely, the retreating distance of the clamping ejector rod 3 is equal to the thickness delta value of the ground blade, and then the adjusting step is.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cutter self-holding structure of adjustable clamp stroke which characterized in that: the hydraulic clamping device comprises a hydraulic cylinder (1), a positioning ejector rod (2), a clamping ejector rod (3) and an adapter (4), wherein a piston rod (101) is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder (1), the adapter (4) is connected with the piston rod (101) and the clamping ejector rod (3), the positioning ejector rod (2) and the clamping ejector rod (3) are arranged just opposite to each other, and when the piston rod (101) makes telescopic motion, the clamping ejector rod (3) is driven by the adapter (4) to be close to or far away from the positioning ejector rod (2);
the hydraulic cylinder (1) is further connected with a stroke adjusting mechanism (10), the stroke adjusting mechanism (10) comprises a middle moving piece (1004) and a right limit stop iron (1002) fixed with the piston rod (101), the distance between the middle moving piece (1004) and the right limit stop iron (1002) forms the stroke of the piston rod (101), and the middle moving piece (1004) can be close to or far away from the right limit stop iron (1002) along the axial direction of the piston rod (101).
2. The automatic tool clamping structure with an adjustable clamping stroke according to claim 1, wherein: the right limit stop iron (1002) is fixed at the tail end of the piston rod (101), the moving direction of the piston rod (101) is opposite to the moving direction of the clamping ejector rod (3), and the stroke adjusting mechanism (10) further comprises:
the outer connecting piece (1006), the outer connecting piece (1006) is connected with the middle moving piece (1004) in a transmission way;
the adjusting handle (1005), the adjusting handle (1005) is fixedly connected with the outer connecting piece (1006);
when the adjusting handle (1005) is rotated, the outer connecting piece (1006) drives the middle moving piece (1004) to move along the axial direction, and the right limit stop iron (1002) is suitable for adjusting the stroke of the middle moving piece (1004) moving towards the extending direction of the piston rod (101).
3. The automatic tool clamping structure with an adjustable clamping stroke according to claim 2, wherein: the middle moving piece (1004) is sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod (101) and is circumferentially fixed with the piston rod (101), and external threads are arranged on the periphery of the middle moving piece (1004);
the outer connecting piece (1006) is positioned on the periphery of the middle moving piece (1004) and is in threaded fit with the middle moving piece (1004);
the stroke adjusting mechanism (10) further comprises a fixed seat (1003), and the fixed seat (1003) is suitable for limiting the outer connecting piece (1006) in the axial direction.
4. The automatic tool clamping structure with an adjustable clamping stroke according to claim 3, wherein: the inner side of the circumference of the middle moving part (1004) and the outer side of the circumference of the piston rod (101) are both provided with guide key grooves (1008) which are matched with each other, and a guide flat key (1009) is arranged between the two guide key grooves (1008).
5. The automatic tool clamping structure with an adjustable clamping stroke according to claim 3, wherein: the stroke adjusting mechanism (10) further comprises a left limiting stop iron (1001), the left limiting stop iron (1001) and the right limiting stop iron (1002) are respectively located on two sides of the middle moving part (1004), the left limiting stop iron (1001) is axially limited at the end of the outer connecting part (1006), and the left limiting stop iron (1001) is suitable for adjusting the stroke of the middle moving part (1004) moving towards the retracting direction of the piston rod (101).
6. The automatic tool clamping structure with an adjustable clamping stroke according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder (1) and the positioning ejector rod (2) are fixedly connected with the base (5), and the middle part of the adapter (4) is hinged with the base (5); the clamping ejector rod (3) is fixed on the sliding sleeve (13), one end of the adapter (4) is hinged with the piston rod (101), the other end of the adapter is hinged with the sliding sleeve (13), and the base (5) is provided with a sliding hole (501) suitable for the sliding sleeve (13) to do reciprocating linear motion.
7. The automatic tool clamping structure with an adjustable clamping stroke according to claim 6, wherein: the blade thickness measuring device is characterized by further comprising a blade thickness measuring assembly (14), wherein the blade thickness measuring assembly (14) comprises a thickness measuring sensor (1401) and a signal transmitting transition connecting rod (1402), the thickness measuring sensor (1401) is fixed with the base (5), one end of the signal transmitting transition connecting rod (1402) is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeve (13), and the other end of the signal transmitting transition connecting rod extends towards the thickness measuring sensor (1401), so that the signal transmitting transition connecting rod (1402) is opposite to the thickness measuring sensor (1401).
8. The automatic tool clamping structure with an adjustable clamping stroke according to claim 6, wherein: the machining precision online measuring device is characterized by further comprising a machining precision online measuring device (15) fixed with the machine base (5), wherein the machining precision online measuring device (15) is horizontally arranged close to the end portion of the blade.
9. A stroke adjusting method using the automatic tool clamping structure of which clamping stroke is adjustable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1: the clamping ejector rod (3) returns to zero, the hydraulic cylinder (1) is started, and the piston rod (101) extends out, so that the clamping ejector rod (3) is driven by the adapter (4) to advance to be in contact with the positioning ejector rod (2);
s2: setting a blade reserved space; adjusting the middle moving part (1004) according to the thickness of the blade, wherein the position of the middle moving part (1004) is the retraction limit position of the piston rod (101);
s3: the clamping mandril (3) retreats; and (3) reversely moving the hydraulic cylinder (1), retracting the piston rod (101) to the retraction limit position in S2, enabling the clamping ejector rod (3) to reach the maximum distance with the positioning ejector rod (2), and finishing the adjusting step.
10. The stroke adjusting method according to claim 9, wherein: in S2, firstly, the middle moving part (1004) moves towards the extending direction of the piston rod (101) until the middle moving part contacts with the right limit stop iron (1002); then, the middle moving part (1004) moves reversely until the distance between the middle moving part (1004) and the right limit stop iron (1002) is equal to the thickness of the blade, and the position of the middle moving part (1004) is the retraction limit position of the piston rod (101);
in S3, the hydraulic cylinder (1) is moved in the reverse direction until the right stopper (1002) comes into contact with the intermediate moving member (1004) again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011532371.6A CN112247688A (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Automatic cutter clamping structure capable of adjusting clamping stroke and stroke adjusting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011532371.6A CN112247688A (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Automatic cutter clamping structure capable of adjusting clamping stroke and stroke adjusting method |
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| CN112247688A true CN112247688A (en) | 2021-01-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011532371.6A Pending CN112247688A (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Automatic cutter clamping structure capable of adjusting clamping stroke and stroke adjusting method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3751858A (en) * | 1972-01-07 | 1973-08-14 | Sundetrand Engelberg Inc | Automatic work rest blade changer for centerless grinder |
| CN202622559U (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2012-12-26 | 陕西汉江机床有限公司 | Rotatable blade peripheral grinding machine workpiece clamping and transmission device |
| CN103264350A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-08-28 | 湖南楚翰智能科技有限公司 | Indexable blade periphery grinding machine zero transmission and automatic clamping device |
| CN104162837A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-11-26 | 天通吉成机器技术有限公司 | Numerical control blade machining and clamping device |
| CN107272577A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-20 | 天通吉成机器技术有限公司 | A kind of periphery grinding machine on-line measurement and measurer for thickness |
-
2020
- 2020-12-23 CN CN202011532371.6A patent/CN112247688A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3751858A (en) * | 1972-01-07 | 1973-08-14 | Sundetrand Engelberg Inc | Automatic work rest blade changer for centerless grinder |
| CN202622559U (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2012-12-26 | 陕西汉江机床有限公司 | Rotatable blade peripheral grinding machine workpiece clamping and transmission device |
| CN103264350A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-08-28 | 湖南楚翰智能科技有限公司 | Indexable blade periphery grinding machine zero transmission and automatic clamping device |
| CN104162837A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-11-26 | 天通吉成机器技术有限公司 | Numerical control blade machining and clamping device |
| CN107272577A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-20 | 天通吉成机器技术有限公司 | A kind of periphery grinding machine on-line measurement and measurer for thickness |
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Application publication date: 20210122 |