CN112244812A - Magnetic resonance imaging method, magnetic resonance imaging system, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents
Magnetic resonance imaging method, magnetic resonance imaging system, and electronic apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a magnetic resonance imaging method, a magnetic resonance imaging system, an electronic device and a storage medium. Wherein, the method comprises the following steps: modulating the radio frequency pulse into a first radio frequency pulse signal and a second radio frequency pulse signal with different central frequencies; applying the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal to an imaging field of view of a magnetic resonance imaging system in a time-sharing manner; acquiring first magnetic resonance data from an imaging field of view under the condition of applying a first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data; and acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the second radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a second matter signal image according to the second magnetic resonance data. By the application, the problem that the chemical shift imaging method in the related art needs to apply one radio-frequency pulse signal for selectively inhibiting one substance and another radio-frequency pulse signal for selectively exciting another substance at the same time is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of magnetic resonance imaging, and in particular, to a magnetic resonance imaging method, a magnetic resonance imaging system, an electronic apparatus, and a storage medium.
Background
Magnetic resonance chemical shift imaging is generally divided into two main categories: 1) exciting and collecting single type tissue signals; 2) and (3) exciting and collecting various tissue signals. The following analysis takes as an example two common tissues, water and fat, with the water signal as a reference, the chemical shift of water is 0ppm and the (main peak of the spectrum) chemical shift of fat is-3.5 ppm.
The first type of chemical shift imaging method is generally implemented by selectively suppressing or exciting the signal of one of the tissues, thereby directly obtaining the signal of a single tissue type (water or fat). A common first category of methods includes:
fat Saturation (Fat Saturation) technique. The fat signal is excited first with a 90 degree RF pulse with the same center frequency as the fat frequency (the water signal is not affected), and then completely dephased by the magnetic field gradient so that the fat signal is completely saturated (i.e. the excitation signal is 0) and does not contribute any signal after the second subsequent excitation pulse.
Water Excitation (Water Excitation) technique. By designing a set of RF pulses, the effect is that only the water signal will be excited, while the fat signal is not (but the excitable signal is not 0).
The second type of chemical shift imaging method is implemented by simultaneously exciting signals of water and fat indiscriminately, and performing signal separation calculation through a chemical shift model (i.e., the difference between water and fat chemical shifts is 3.5ppm) according to signal characteristics (signal amplitude and phase) corresponding to different acquisition parameters (generally, multiple echo times) during data acquisition, so as to separate the respective signals of water and fat. A second common class of methods includes:
water Fat Separation (Water Fat Separation): such as Dixon, IDEAL, FACT.
Fat content (Fat Fraction, abbreviated as FF).
However, in the above-described techniques, different rf pulse signals are required to pre-saturate or excite the corresponding signals. For example, in the first type of chemical shift imaging technique, a set of rf pulses for selectively suppressing fat signals and another set of rf pulses for selectively exciting water signals are simultaneously applied to acquire signals. In the second type of chemical displacement imaging method, signals of water and fat can be simultaneously excited by two groups of radio frequency pulse signals, but the two groups of radio frequency pulse signals have different excitation efficiencies to water and fat, if quantitative calculation of material components (such as quantitative calculation of fat content) is required, weighting factors of the excitation efficiencies of different radio frequency pulse signals to water and fat need to be determined, and once the weighting factors are inaccurate, the quantitative calculation result of the material components has great deviation. The water excitation technology of the first type of chemical shift imaging method can only obtain a water signal image, and quantitative calculation of material components cannot be realized.
In order to solve the problem in the related art that a chemical shift imaging method needs to simultaneously apply one rf pulse signal that selectively suppresses one substance and another rf pulse signal that selectively excites another substance, no effective solution has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
In an embodiment of the present application, a magnetic resonance imaging method, a magnetic resonance imaging system, an electronic device, and a storage medium are provided to at least solve a problem that a chemical shift imaging method of the related art requires simultaneous application of one radio frequency pulse signal that selectively suppresses one substance and another radio frequency pulse signal that selectively excites another substance.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a magnetic resonance imaging method, including: modulating a radio frequency pulse into a first radio frequency pulse signal and a second radio frequency pulse signal with different central frequencies, wherein the first radio frequency pulse signal is used for exciting a first substance signal and inhibiting a second substance signal, and the second radio frequency pulse signal is used for inhibiting the first substance signal and exciting the second substance signal; applying the first and second radio frequency pulse signals time-divisionally into an imaging field of view of a magnetic resonance imaging system; acquiring first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data; and acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the second radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a second matter signal image according to the second magnetic resonance data.
In some of these embodiments, the excitation efficiency of the first rf pulse signal and the second rf pulse signal are the same; and the maximum excitation-suppression ratio of the first substance signal intensity to the second substance signal intensity with the application of the first radio frequency pulse is equal to the maximum suppression-excitation ratio of the first substance signal intensity to the second substance signal intensity with the application of the second radio frequency pulse.
In some of these embodiments, the radio frequency pulses comprise at least one of: non-central resonance double rectangular pulse and non-central non-resonance single rectangular pulse.
In some of these embodiments, the first and second radio frequency pulse signals are applied temporally in an imaging field of view of a magnetic resonance imaging system; acquiring first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data; and acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view with the application of the second radio frequency pulse signal, the reconstructing a second material signal image from the second magnetic resonance data comprising: applying the first radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging field of view within a first scan period, acquiring the first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view, and reconstructing from the first magnetic resonance data to obtain the first material signal image; applying the second radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging field of view within a second scan time period, acquiring the second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view, and reconstructing from the second magnetic resonance data to obtain the second material signal image.
In some of these embodiments, the first and second radio frequency pulse signals are applied temporally in an imaging field of view of a magnetic resonance imaging system; acquiring first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data; and acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view with the application of the second radio frequency pulse signal, the reconstructing a second material signal image from the second magnetic resonance data comprising: circularly executing the following steps to respectively collect each K-space signal line corresponding to the first substance signal image and the second substance signal image until a first K-space corresponding to the first substance signal image and a second K-space corresponding to the second substance signal image are completely filled: applying the first radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging field of view within a scanning time period, acquiring a K space signal line from the imaging field of view and filling the first K space; applying the second radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging visual field in the next scanning time period, and acquiring a K space signal line from the imaging visual field and filling the second K space; reconstructing to obtain the first substance signal image according to the signal of the first K space; and reconstructing to obtain the second substance signal image according to the signal of the second K space.
In some of these embodiments, the first and second substances are chemically shifted; wherein the substances having chemical shifts comprise at least two of: water, fat, silica gel.
In some of these embodiments, after reconstructing a first material signal image from the first magnetic resonance data and a second material signal image from the second magnetic resonance data, the method further comprises: and generating a substance ratio image of the first substance and the second substance according to the first substance signal image and the second substance signal image.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a magnetic resonance imaging system, including: a magnetic resonance scanner having a bore with an imaging field of view; and a processor configured to operate the magnetic resonance scanner while the subject is located in the magnetic resonance scanner, to perform a diagnostic scan by acquiring magnetic resonance signals from a region of interest of the subject, and a memory having stored thereon a computer program; wherein the processor is further configured to execute the computer program to perform the magnetic resonance imaging method of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electronic apparatus, which includes a memory and a processor, where in some embodiments, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to perform the magnetic resonance imaging method according to the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions, which when executed by a processor, in some embodiments, implement the magnetic resonance imaging method according to the first aspect.
By the magnetic resonance imaging method, the magnetic resonance imaging system, the electronic device and the storage medium provided by the embodiment of the application, the radio frequency pulse is modulated into the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal with different center frequencies, wherein the first radio frequency pulse signal is used for exciting the first substance signal and inhibiting the second substance signal, and the second radio frequency pulse signal is used for inhibiting the first substance signal and exciting the second substance signal; applying the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal to an imaging field of view of a magnetic resonance imaging system in a time-sharing manner; acquiring first magnetic resonance data from an imaging field of view under the condition of applying a first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data; and acquiring second magnetic resonance data from an imaging field under the condition of applying the second radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a second substance signal image according to the second magnetic resonance data, so that the problem that the chemical shift imaging method in the related art needs to apply one radio frequency pulse signal for selectively inhibiting one substance and another radio frequency pulse signal for selectively exciting another substance at the same time is solved, and the beneficial effect of realizing independent acquisition of different substance signals based on the same pulse signal is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in related arts, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging system according to an embodiment of the present application;
figure 2 is a flow chart of a magnetic resonance imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a BORR pulse in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the frequency response of water and fat after applying BORR pulses in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a magnetic resonance image of a knee image according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. All other examples, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step based on the examples in this application, are within the scope of protection of this application.
It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the application, from which the application can also be applied to other similar scenarios without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Moreover, it should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of this patent application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms "a," "an," "the," and the like, do not denote a limitation of quantity, and may denote the singular or plural.
The word "comprise" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before "comprises" or "comprising" covers the element or item listed after "comprising" or "comprises" and its equivalent, and does not exclude other elements or items. "connected" or "coupled" and similar terms are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
"plurality" as used herein means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
The system and method of the present application can be used not only for non-invasive imaging, such as diagnosis and research of diseases, but also in the industrial field, etc., and the processing system thereof can include a magnetic resonance imaging system (MR system), a positron emission computed tomography-magnetic resonance multi-modality hybrid system (PET-MR system), etc. The methods, apparatus, systems, or storage media described herein may be integrated with or may be relatively independent of the processing system described above.
The following will explain embodiments of the present application by taking a magnetic resonance imaging system as an example.
The embodiment of the application provides a magnetic resonance imaging system. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging system according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the magnetic resonance imaging system includes: a scanner and a computer, wherein the computer comprises a memory 125, a processor 122, and a computer program stored on the memory 125 and executable on the processor 122. Wherein the processor 122 is configured to run the computer program to perform the magnetic resonance imaging method of the embodiments of the present application.
The scanner has a bore for the imaging field of view, which typically includes a magnetic resonance housing having a main magnet 101 therein, the main magnet 101 may be formed of superconducting coils for generating a main magnetic field, and in some cases, permanent magnets may be used. The main magnet 101 may be used to generate a main magnetic field strength of 0.2 tesla, 0.5 tesla, 1.0 tesla, 1.5 tesla, 3.0 tesla, or higher. In magnetic resonance imaging, an imaging subject 150 is carried by the patient couch 106, and as the couch plate moves, the imaging subject 150 is moved into the region 105 where the magnetic field distribution of the main magnetic field is relatively uniform. Generally, for a magnetic resonance imaging system, as shown in fig. 1, the z direction of a spatial coordinate system (i.e. a coordinate system of the magnetic resonance imaging system) is set to be the same as the axial direction of a gantry of the magnetic resonance imaging system, the length direction of a patient is generally consistent with the z direction for imaging, the horizontal plane of the magnetic resonance imaging system is set to be an xz plane, the x direction is perpendicular to the z direction, and the y direction is perpendicular to both the x and z directions.
In magnetic resonance imaging, the pulse control unit 111 controls the radio frequency pulse generating unit 116 to generate a radio frequency pulse, and the radio frequency pulse is amplified by the amplifier, passes through the switch control unit 117, and is finally emitted by the body coil 103 or the local coil 104 to perform radio frequency excitation on the imaging object 150. The imaging subject 150 generates corresponding radio frequency signals from resonance upon radio frequency excitation. When receiving the radio frequency signals generated by the imaging subject 150 according to the excitation, the radio frequency signals may be received by the body coil 103 or the local coil 104, there may be a plurality of radio frequency receiving links, and after the radio frequency signals are sent to the radio frequency receiving unit 118, the radio frequency signals are further sent to the image reconstruction unit 121 for image reconstruction, so as to form a magnetic resonance image.
The magnetic resonance scanner also includes gradient coils 102 that can be used to spatially encode the radio frequency signals in magnetic resonance imaging. The pulse control unit 111 controls the gradient signal generating unit 112 to generate gradient signals, which are generally divided into three mutually orthogonal directions: gradient signals in the x, y and z directions, which are different from each other, are amplified by gradient amplifiers (113, 114, 115) and emitted from the gradient coil 102, thereby generating a gradient magnetic field in the region 105.
The pulse control unit 111, the image reconstruction unit 121, the processor 122, the display unit 123, the input/output device 124, the memory 125 and the communication port 126 can perform data transmission through the communication bus 127, so as to realize the control of the magnetic resonance imaging process.
The processor 122 may be composed of one or more processors, and may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or A Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more Integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present Application.
The display unit 123 may be a display provided to a user for displaying an image.
The input/output device 124 may be a keyboard, a mouse, a control box, or other relevant devices, and supports inputting/outputting corresponding data streams.
Among other things, the communication port 126 may enable communication with other components such as: and the external equipment, the image acquisition equipment, the database, the external storage, the image processing workstation and the like are in data communication.
Wherein the communication bus 127 comprises hardware, software, or both, coupling the components of the magnetic resonance imaging system to one another. By way of example, and not limitation, a bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hypertransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an infiniband interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a video electronics standards association local (VLB) bus, or other suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these. The communication bus 127 may include one or more buses, where appropriate. Although specific buses are described and shown in the embodiments of the application, any suitable buses or interconnects are contemplated by the application.
In some of these embodiments, the processor 122 is configured to modulate the rf pulse into a first rf pulse signal and a second rf pulse signal of different center frequencies, wherein the first rf pulse signal is used to excite the first substance signal and suppress the second substance signal, and the second rf pulse signal is used to suppress the first substance signal and excite the second substance signal; the processor 122 is further configured to apply the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal temporally into an imaging field of view of the magnetic resonance imaging system; the processor 122 is further configured to acquire first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view with the application of the first radio frequency pulse signal, reconstruct a first material signal image from the first magnetic resonance data; and the processor 122 is further configured to acquire second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view with application of the second radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstruct a second material signal image from the second magnetic resonance data.
In some of the embodiments, the excitation efficiency of the first rf pulse signal and the second rf pulse signal are the same; and the maximum excitation-suppression ratio of the first substance signal intensity to the second substance signal intensity with the application of the first radio frequency pulse is equal to the maximum suppression-excitation ratio of the first substance signal intensity to the second substance signal intensity with the application of the second radio frequency pulse.
In some of these embodiments, the radio frequency pulses include, but are not limited to, at least one of: non-central resonance double rectangular pulse and non-central non-resonance single rectangular pulse.
In some of these embodiments, the processor 122 is further configured to apply a first radio frequency pulse signal into the imaging field of view during the first scan period, acquire first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view, reconstruct a first material signal image from the first magnetic resonance data; the processor 122 is further configured to apply a second radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging field of view during a second scan period, acquire second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view, and reconstruct a second material signal image from the second magnetic resonance data.
In some of these embodiments, the processor 122 is further configured to loop through the following steps to acquire each K-space signal line corresponding to the first substance signal image and the second substance signal image, respectively, until a first K-space corresponding to the first substance signal image and a second K-space corresponding to the second substance signal image are filled: applying a first radio frequency pulse signal to an imaging field of view within a scanning period, acquiring a K space signal line from the imaging field of view and filling the K space signal line into a first K space; a second radio frequency pulse signal is applied to the imaging field of view in the next scanning period, and a K-space signal line is acquired from the imaging field of view and filled into a second K-space. The processor 122 is further configured to reconstruct a first material signal image from the signals of the first K-space; and reconstructing to obtain a second substance signal image according to the signal of the second K space.
In some of these embodiments, the first and second substances are chemically shifted; wherein, the substances with chemical shifts include but are not limited to at least two of the following: water, fat, silica gel.
In some of these embodiments, the processor 122 is further configured to generate a material proportion image of the first and second materials from the first and second material signal images after reconstructing the first material signal image from the first magnetic resonance data and the second material signal image from the second magnetic resonance data.
A magnetic resonance imaging method is also provided in the present embodiment. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S201, modulating the rf pulse into a first rf pulse signal and a second rf pulse signal with different center frequencies, where the first rf pulse signal is used to excite a first substance signal and suppress a second substance signal, and the second rf pulse signal is used to suppress the first substance signal and excite the second substance signal.
Step S202, the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal are applied to an imaging field of a magnetic resonance imaging system in a time-sharing mode.
Step S203, acquiring first magnetic resonance data from an imaging visual field under the condition of applying a first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data.
And step S204, acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging visual field under the condition of applying a second radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a second matter signal image according to the second magnetic resonance data.
In the above steps, the magnetic resonance imaging system applies a radio frequency pulse in the imaging field of view during conventional 2D magnetic resonance imaging or conventional 3D magnetic resonance imaging, acquires magnetic resonance data during the application of the radio frequency pulse, and reconstructs a corresponding substance signal image according to the magnetic resonance data. The rf pulse for exciting or suppressing the substance signal in this embodiment is an rf pulse signal having the same intensity and the same waveform, and the rf pulse signal is modulated into a first rf pulse signal and a second rf pulse signal having different center frequencies, where the first rf pulse signal can excite the first substance signal and suppress the second substance signal, and the second rf pulse signal can excite the second substance signal and suppress the first substance signal.
In the embodiment, the excitation efficiency of the first radio frequency pulse signal and the excitation efficiency of the second radio frequency pulse signal to different substances are the same; and the maximum excitation-suppression ratio of the first substance signal intensity to the second substance signal intensity with the application of the first radio frequency pulse is equal to the maximum suppression-excitation ratio of the first substance signal intensity to the second substance signal intensity with the application of the second radio frequency pulse. Wherein, the maximum excitation-suppression ratio is the maximum ratio of the signal intensity of the first substance when excited and the signal intensity of the second substance when suppressed in the frequency response of the first substance and the second substance to the first radio frequency pulse signal; the maximum suppression-excitation ratio is a maximum ratio of a signal intensity when the first substance is suppressed and a signal intensity when the second substance is excited in frequency responses of the first substance and the second substance to the second radio frequency pulse signal.
There are a variety of rf pulse signals that can meet the above requirements. In the embodiment of the present application, a non-center resonance double Rectangular (BORR) pulse or a non-center non-resonance single Rectangular pulse may be selected.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a BORR pulse according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the waveform of the BORR pulse consists of two square rf pulses with the same length and intensity, and 180 ° out of phase. TE refers to the interval between the break point of the second rf pulse and the center of the echo.
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the frequency response of water and fat after applying BORR pulses in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. In fig. 4, the abscissa represents the frequency offset from the center frequency of the magnetic resonance system (equal to the resonance frequency of water), and the ordinate represents the signal intensity in units a.u (arbitrary units). As can be seen from FIG. 4, the resonant frequencies of water and fat are 0 and-460 Hz, respectively. When the BORR pulse is applied, for example, the radio frequency offset of the BORR pulse is selected to be-780 Hz, the fat signal can be excited, and the water signal can be inhibited; and when the radio frequency offset of the BORR pulse is selected to be +320Hz, the water signal can be excited, and the fat signal can be inhibited. It can be seen from fig. 4 that the water signal has a flatter frequency band region when excited around the +320Hz frequency offset or the fat signal is excited around the-780 Hz frequency offset, indicating that the frequency response of water and fat under the BORR pulse has a wider excitation bandwidth. Similarly, near the +320Hz or-780 Hz frequency offset, fat signals have a flatter frequency band region when suppressed, indicating that the frequency response of water and fat under the BORR pulse has a wider suppression bandwidth (also called suppression bandwidth). The excitation bandwidth and the suppression bandwidth in the embodiment are both above 200Hz, and the sufficiently wide signal excitation bandwidth and signal suppression bandwidth can ensure that the influence of the magnetic field inhomogeneity on the excitation and suppression efficiency of the signal is minimized.
In this embodiment, the frequency band in which the excited signal remains above 95% of the maximum value and the suppressed signal remains below 5% of the maximum value is defined as the frequency passband in which the magnetic resonance signals are acquired. In other words, within the frequency pass band, the signal to be suppressed can reach a suppression efficiency of more than 95%, and the excitation signal collected within the frequency pass band can obtain an optimal signal-to-noise ratio, so that the selectively excited signal is prevented from being polluted by the suppressed signal, and the accuracy of the subsequent possible quantitative analysis of the substance component is ensured.
Taking the BORR pulse as an example, the frequency offset range of the center frequency of the first radio frequency pulse signal used for exciting the water signal relative to the resonance frequency of the water comprises +210Hz to +440 Hz. The frequency shift range of the center frequency of the second radio frequency pulse signal for exciting the fat signal with respect to the resonance frequency of water includes-920 Hz to-670 Hz.
With continued reference to fig. 4, water and fat have the same response pattern (but different center frequencies) and excitation efficiency (same maximum intensity value of excitation signal) under the effect of the BORR pulse. The same response mode and excitation efficiency avoid introducing different and unknown weighting factors into the excited water and fat signals, ensure that the relative signals of the two signals can establish a relationship through a physical model of the magnetic resonance signals, and ensure the accuracy of quantitative analysis. In addition, in the range of the signal excitation bandwidth, the excitation efficiency equivalent to 90 degrees (namely 100 percent) can be obtained at the highest, so that the radio frequency pulse excitation efficiency is ensured, and the signal-to-noise ratio level of the signal is favorably improved.
It should be noted that, in the above examples, two substances having chemical shifts, i.e., water and fat, have been described and illustrated. However, the magnetic resonance imaging method provided in this embodiment is not limited to the magnetic resonance imaging of the two substances, and may also be applied to imaging of any other substance having a distinguishable chemical shift or quantitative analysis of a substance ratio. For example, silica gel has a chemical shift with water or fat, so that the present embodiment can also be used for magnetic resonance imaging of any at least two substances among silica gel, water and fat and quantitative analysis of substance ratio.
In the above steps S202 to S204, a magnetic resonance image is reconstructed by applying one of the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal in a time-sharing manner and acquiring corresponding magnetic resonance data, and the obtained magnetic resonance images are the first material magnetic resonance image and the second material magnetic resonance image respectively.
The radio frequency pulse signals can be applied and collected in a time-sharing manner, wherein the manners which can be adopted by the time-sharing application and collection include the following two manners:
in the first mode, after the first radio frequency pulse signal is applied to the imaging field of view in one scanning time period for complete first substance signal acquisition, the second radio frequency pulse signal is applied to the imaging field of view in another scanning time period for complete second substance signal acquisition.
For example, in the case where a first radio frequency pulse signal is applied to the imaging field of view within a first scan period, first magnetic resonance data is acquired from the imaging field of view, and a first substance signal image is reconstructed from the first magnetic resonance data; and under the condition that a second radio frequency pulse signal is applied to the imaging visual field in the second scanning time period, acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging visual field, and reconstructing to obtain a second substance signal image according to the second magnetic resonance data.
The acquisition mode does not need to frequently modulate the radio frequency pulse signals to different central frequencies, and the acquisition of two substance magnetic resonance signals for reconstructing two magnetic resonance images can be completed by two times of radio frequency pulse modulation.
And in the two adjacent acquisition time periods, one acquisition time period applies a first radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging visual field to acquire the K space signal line corresponding to the first substance, and the other acquisition time period applies a second radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging visual field to acquire the K space signal line corresponding to the second substance.
For example, first, the following steps are cyclically performed to acquire each K-space signal line corresponding to the first substance signal image and the second substance signal image, respectively, until the first K-space corresponding to the first substance signal image and the second K-space corresponding to the second substance signal image are completely filled: acquiring a K-space signal line from an imaging field of view and filling the K-space signal line into a first K-space under the condition that a first radio frequency pulse signal is applied to the imaging field of view within one scanning period; in the case where the second radio frequency pulse signal is applied to the imaging field of view in the next scanning period, one K-space signal line is acquired from the imaging field of view and filled into the second K-space. Then, according to the signal of the first K space, a first substance signal image is obtained through reconstruction, and according to the signal of the second K space, a second substance signal image is obtained through reconstruction.
The second mode has the advantage that the acquisition of the magnetic resonance signals of the two substances can be respectively completed by one magnetic resonance scan, and compared with the first mode, the magnetic resonance scan process is reduced.
In the present embodiment, the Imaging sequence used for magnetic resonance Imaging may be any Imaging sequence, such as, but not limited to, Fast Spin Echo (FSE), Gradient Echo (GRE), Echo Planar Imaging (EPI), and any Non-Cartesian coordinate system (Non-Cartesian) acquisition. Furthermore, magnetic resonance imaging also allows the use of down-sampling techniques, i.e. reconstruction of a magnetic resonance image based on partial K-space data without acquiring complete K-space data to obtain the above-mentioned image.
In some of these embodiments, after the first material signal image is reconstructed from the first magnetic resonance data and the second material signal image is reconstructed from the second magnetic resonance data, a material proportion image of the first material and the second material may be generated from the first material signal image and the second material signal image.
For example, taking the example of acquiring and reconstructing a magnetic resonance image of fat and generating a fat scale image in the manner described above, the fat scale image may be generated using a procedure including the following steps:
And 2, setting the BORR pulse center frequency as a fat excitation frequency, and obtaining an independent fat excitation image B by single scanning.
Step 3, fat content calculation is performed on a per pixel basis, i.e., FF ═ SB/(SA + SB) × 100%. Where FF is a pixel value in the fat scale image, and SA and SB are pixel values of pixels at the same position in the water-excited magnetic resonance image and the fat-excited magnetic resonance image, respectively.
For another example, taking the second acquisition and reconstruction of the magnetic resonance image of water and fat in the above manner and the generation of the fat proportion image as an example, the fat proportion image may be generated by a procedure including the following steps:
repeating the step 1 and the step 2 until the k-space signals of the image A and the image B are acquired, and then executing the step 3:
And 2, setting the BORR pulse central frequency as a fat excitation frequency, and collecting a k-space signal line corresponding to the fat excitation image B.
And 3, reconstructing an image A and an image B according to the k-space signal, namely acquiring a water excitation image and a fat excitation image simultaneously by single scanning.
Fig. 5 is a magnetic resonance image of a knee image according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, (a) is a water excitation magnetic resonance image, (b) is a fat excitation magnetic resonance image, and (c) is a fat scale image.
Since the radio frequency pulse signals with the same intensity and waveform are used to excite and suppress two substances with chemical shifts, and the two substances with chemical shifts have the same excitation efficiency and response mode under the radio frequency pulse signals, the substance ratio image can be generated with the same weighting factor according to the first substance signal image and the second substance signal image in the present embodiment, and the influence of different weighting factors on quantitative analysis of the substance ratio is eliminated.
The present embodiment also provides an electronic device comprising a memory 604 and a processor 602, wherein the memory 604 stores a computer program, and the processor 602 is configured to execute the computer program to perform the steps of any of the above method embodiments.
Specifically, the processor 602 may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or A Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more Integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present Application.
The memory 604 may be used to store or cache various data files for processing and/or communication purposes, as well as possibly computer program instructions for execution by the processor 602.
The processor 602 reads and executes the computer program instructions stored in the memory 604 to implement any of the magnetic resonance imaging methods in the above embodiments.
Optionally, the electronic apparatus may further include a transmission device 606 and an input/output device 608, where the transmission device 606 is connected to the processor 602, and the input/output device 608 is connected to the processor 602.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor 602 may be configured to execute the following steps by a computer program:
and S1, modulating the radio frequency pulse into a first radio frequency pulse signal and a second radio frequency pulse signal with different center frequencies, wherein the first radio frequency pulse signal is used for exciting the first substance signal and inhibiting the second substance signal, and the second radio frequency pulse signal is used for inhibiting the first substance signal and exciting the second substance signal.
And S2, applying the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal to an imaging field of a magnetic resonance imaging system in a time-sharing manner.
S3, acquiring first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first material signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data.
And S4, acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging visual field under the condition of applying the second radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing a second matter signal image according to the second magnetic resonance data.
It should be noted that, for specific examples in this embodiment, reference may be made to examples described in the foregoing embodiments and optional implementations, and details of this embodiment are not described herein again.
In addition, in combination with the magnetic resonance imaging method in the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by providing a storage medium. The storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions; the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement any of the magnetic resonance imaging methods in the above embodiments.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic resonance imaging method characterized by comprising:
modulating a radio frequency pulse into a first radio frequency pulse signal and a second radio frequency pulse signal with different central frequencies, wherein the first radio frequency pulse signal is used for exciting a first substance signal and inhibiting a second substance signal, and the second radio frequency pulse signal is used for inhibiting the first substance signal and exciting the second substance signal;
applying the first and second radio frequency pulse signals time-divisionally into an imaging field of view of a magnetic resonance imaging system;
acquiring first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data; and
second magnetic resonance data are acquired from the imaging field of view with the application of the second radio frequency pulse signal, from which second material signal images are reconstructed.
2. The magnetic resonance imaging method according to claim 1, wherein the excitation efficiency of the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal is the same; and the maximum excitation-suppression ratio of the first substance signal intensity to the second substance signal intensity with the application of the first radio frequency pulse is equal to the maximum suppression-excitation ratio of the first substance signal intensity to the second substance signal intensity with the application of the second radio frequency pulse.
3. A magnetic resonance imaging method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the radio frequency pulses comprise at least one of: non-central resonance double rectangular pulse and non-central resonance single rectangular pulse.
4. The magnetic resonance imaging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal are applied time-divisionally into an imaging field of view of a magnetic resonance imaging system; acquiring first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data; and acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view with the application of the second radio frequency pulse signal, the reconstructing a second material signal image from the second magnetic resonance data comprising:
applying the first radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging field of view within a first scan period, acquiring the first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view, and reconstructing from the first magnetic resonance data to obtain the first material signal image;
applying the second radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging field of view within a second scan time period, acquiring the second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view, and reconstructing from the second magnetic resonance data to obtain the second material signal image.
5. The magnetic resonance imaging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first radio frequency pulse signal and the second radio frequency pulse signal are applied time-divisionally into an imaging field of view of a magnetic resonance imaging system; acquiring first magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view under the condition of applying the first radio frequency pulse signal, and reconstructing to obtain a first substance signal image according to the first magnetic resonance data; and acquiring second magnetic resonance data from the imaging field of view with the application of the second radio frequency pulse signal, the reconstructing a second material signal image from the second magnetic resonance data comprising:
circularly executing the following steps to respectively collect each K-space signal line corresponding to the first substance signal image and the second substance signal image until a first K-space corresponding to the first substance signal image and a second K-space corresponding to the second substance signal image are completely filled: applying the first radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging field of view within a scanning time period, acquiring a K space signal line from the imaging field of view and filling the first K space; applying the second radio frequency pulse signal to the imaging visual field in the next scanning time period, and acquiring a K space signal line from the imaging visual field and filling the second K space;
reconstructing to obtain the first substance signal image according to the signal of the first K space; and reconstructing to obtain the second substance signal image according to the signal of the second K space.
6. A magnetic resonance imaging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first substance has a chemical shift with the second substance; wherein the substances having chemical shifts comprise at least two of: water, fat, silica gel.
7. A magnetic resonance imaging method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein after reconstruction from the first magnetic resonance data a first material signal image and reconstruction from the second magnetic resonance data a second material signal image, the method further comprises:
and generating a substance ratio image of the first substance and the second substance according to the first substance signal image and the second substance signal image.
8. A magnetic resonance imaging system, characterized in that the magnetic resonance imaging system comprises: a magnetic resonance scanner having a bore with an imaging field of view; and a processor configured to operate the magnetic resonance scanner while the subject is located in the magnetic resonance scanner, to perform a diagnostic scan by acquiring magnetic resonance signals from a region of interest of the subject, and a memory having stored thereon a computer program; wherein the processor is further configured to execute the computer program to perform the magnetic resonance imaging method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An electronic apparatus comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that the memory has stored therein a computer program, the processor being arranged to execute the computer program to perform the magnetic resonance imaging method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions for implementing a magnetic resonance imaging method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed by a processor.
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