CN112239833A - Preparation method of wear-resistant bearing - Google Patents
Preparation method of wear-resistant bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN112239833A CN112239833A CN202011167487.4A CN202011167487A CN112239833A CN 112239833 A CN112239833 A CN 112239833A CN 202011167487 A CN202011167487 A CN 202011167487A CN 112239833 A CN112239833 A CN 112239833A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing, belonging to the technical field of bearing processing and comprising the following steps: weighing raw materials; smelting; thirdly, smelting; (IV) casting and molding; and (V) preparing a finished product. According to the invention, on the basis of the components of the basic steel, the components and the bearing preparation method are adjusted, the finally prepared bearing has excellent wear resistance, and the wear amount does not have a rapid growth trend along with the extension of the impact time, namely the bearing prepared by the method has stable performance, and has great market popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing.
Background
The bearing is a component for fixing and reducing the load friction coefficient in the mechanical transmission process. It can also be said that the member for reducing the friction coefficient during power transmission and keeping the center position of the shaft fixed when the other members are moved relative to each other on the shaft. The bearing is a lightweight part in modern mechanical equipment. Its main function is to support the mechanical rotating body to reduce the friction coefficient of mechanical load of equipment in the transmission process. The bearing is often worn to affect normal use. Wear is one of the main causes of material failure and represents a quite surprising economic loss. According to statistics, in industrially developed countries, the economic loss caused by the abrasion of mechanical equipment and parts accounts for about 4 percent of the total value of national economy, wherein the abrasion of the abrasive material accounts for 50 percent of the total abrasion of metal. The annual loss caused by abrasion in China is about 4.5 percent of GDP (GDP), more than 10000 hundred million RMB (RMB), millions of tons of steel consumed by abrasion of the abrasive material every year, and 6-8 million of steel plates are consumed by the middle groove of the scraper conveyor for the coal mine every year. Under impact wear conditions, the main cause of wear is due to insufficient orientation, resulting in brittle spalling, fracture and other early failures.
In order to improve the wear resistance of the bearing, the application numbers are: CN201711203881.7 discloses a bearing and a preparation process thereof. Belongs to the technical field of metal materials. The bearing comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: cd: 0.05 to 0.07%, Mn: 0.5-1.5%, C: 0.4-0.8%, Tl: 0.08 to 0.12%, Cu: 0.01-0.05%, Co: 0.03-0.07%, and the balance of Fe and impurities. Cadmium in the raw materials can react with copper in the materials to form hard copper alloy phase dispersion in steel, so that the tensile strength and the wear resistance of the alloy steel are obviously improved. The thallium has very important effect on the alloy steel, not only can improve the strength of the alloy, but also can improve the alloy hardness and enhance the corrosion resistance of the alloy, and has a non-negligible effect on prolonging the service life of the product. Meanwhile, the mode of combining the bearing body with the polymer layer outside the bearing body endows the product with extremely strong resistance when facing a complex and changeable environment. Although the invention has a certain improvement on the wear resistance of the bearing, the person skilled in the art knows that the wear rate of the steel tends to show a tendency of decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the tensile strength of the steel, that is, the invention has a certain technical defect, and needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing, the components and the preparation method of the bearing are adjusted on the basis of the components of the basic steel, the finally prepared bearing has excellent wear resistance, and the wear amount does not have a rapid growth trend along with the extension of the impact time, namely the bearing prepared by the method has stable performance and extremely high market popularization and application values.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.4-1.6% of Ni, 0.4-0.42% of C, 0.64-0.68% of Si, 0.5-0.6% of Cr, 0.55-0.75% of Mo, 1.8-2% of Mn, 0.04-0.045% of P, 0.012-0.013% of S, 0.0025-0.0045% of B, 0.03-0.05% of Cu, 0.004-0.006% of Cd and the balance of Fe and impurities by corresponding weight percentage for later use;
(II) smelting:
placing the raw materials weighed in the step (one) into a crucible for smelting, placing an ultrasonic probe at a position 3-4 cm below a melt after the raw materials are completely molten, performing ultrasonic treatment and low-energy proton irradiation treatment at the same time, and performing treatment for 1-2 hours to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
smelting the melt A obtained in the step (II) in a vacuum induction furnace, performing electron beam irradiation treatment while smelting, and treating for 40-60 min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
and (5) tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), performing cold plasma treatment, and then machining to assemble the bearing.
Further, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the step (II) is 30-60 kHz.
Further, the energy of the low-energy proton irradiation in the step (II) is 2-3 MeV.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ultrasonic wave is introduced into the melt preparation, the melt can cause the change of various physical fields in the melt after undergoing main effects such as cavitation, acoustic flow and the like, so that the special effect is generated on the melt, crystal grains are refined, the tissue is homogenized, meanwhile, low-energy proton irradiation treatment is carried out, the tissue is roughened, the specific surface area of the tissue is increased, the mutual fusion is promoted, and the mechanical property of a finished product is improved.
Further, the vacuum degree of smelting in the step (III) is 5-8 Pa.
Further, the dosage of the electron beam irradiation treatment in the step (three) is 3-4 multiplied by 106rad/s。
By adopting the technical scheme, the electron beam irradiation treatment is carried out while vacuum smelting is carried out, when the incident electron beam irradiates the melt, the radiation energy of the incident electron beam is lost, atoms in the impacted molecules are released, the atoms are excited, a certain amount of active free radicals are formed on the molecular chain skeleton, and due to the large steric hindrance of the radicals, the breakage of covalent bonds and secondary bonds occurs, crystal grains are further refined, and the wear resistance of the finished product is improved.
Further, the tempering temperature in the step (V) is 600-800 ℃, the tempering time is 30-40 min, the annealing temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the annealing time is 20-30 min.
Further, the frequency of the cold plasma treatment in the step (V) is 30-40 MHz, the power is 180-220W, the vacuum degree is 1.33-1.88 Pa, and the treatment time is 3-5 min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cold plasma treatment is carried out after the tempering and the annealing, the phenomena of cross section deformation, bending deformation and distortion deformation can be effectively avoided in the treatment process, and the stability of the performance is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, on the basis of the components of the basic steel, the components and the bearing preparation method are adjusted, the finally prepared bearing has excellent wear resistance, and the wear amount does not have a rapid growth trend along with the extension of the impact time, namely the bearing prepared by the method has stable performance, and has great market popularization and application values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing a comparison of wear resistance tests of bearings according to some examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.4-1.6% of Ni, 0.4-0.42% of C, 0.64-0.68% of Si, 0.5-0.6% of Cr, 0.55-0.75% of Mo, 1.8-2% of Mn, 0.04-0.045% of P, 0.012-0.013% of S, 0.0025-0.0045% of B, 0.03-0.05% of Cu, 0.004-0.006% of Cd and the balance of Fe and impurities by corresponding weight percentage for later use;
(II) smelting:
placing the raw materials weighed in the step (one) into a crucible for smelting, after the raw materials are completely molten, placing an ultrasonic probe at a position 3-4 cm below a melt, performing ultrasonic treatment with the frequency of 30-60 kHz and simultaneously performing low-energy proton irradiation treatment, wherein the energy of the low-energy proton irradiation is 2-3 MeV, and treating for 1-2 hours to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
putting the melt A obtained in the step (II) into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting vacuum degree is 5-8 Pa, and performing electron beam irradiation treatment while smelting, wherein the dose of the electron beam irradiation treatment is 3-4 multiplied by 106rad/s, treating for 40-60 min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), performing cold plasma treatment, and then assembling the semi-finished product into a bearing after machining; the temperature of the tempering treatment is 600-800 ℃, the tempering time is 30-40 min, the annealing temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the annealing time is 20-30 min; the frequency of the cold plasma treatment is 30-40 MHz, the power is 180-220W, the vacuum degree is 1.33-1.88 Pa, and the treatment time is 3-5 min.
For further explanation of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.4% of Ni, 0.4% of C, 0.64% of Si, 0.5% of Cr, 0.55% of Mo, 1.8% of Mn, 0.04% of P, 0.012% of S, 0.0025% of B, 0.03% of Cu, 0.004% of Cd and the balance of Fe and impurities for later use;
(II) smelting:
placing the raw materials weighed in the step (one) in a crucible for smelting, placing an ultrasonic probe at a position 3cm below a melt after the raw materials are completely molten, performing ultrasonic treatment with the frequency of 30kHz and low-energy proton irradiation treatment at the same time, wherein the low-energy proton irradiation energy is 2MeV, and treating for 1h to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
putting the melt A obtained in the step (II) into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the vacuum degree of smelting is 5Pa, and performing electron beam irradiation treatment while smelting, wherein the dose of the electron beam irradiation treatment is 3 multiplied by 106rad/s, treating for 40min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), performing cold plasma treatment, and then assembling the semi-finished product into a bearing after machining; the tempering temperature is 600 ℃, the tempering time is 30min, the annealing temperature is 300 ℃, and the annealing time is 20 min; the frequency of the cold plasma treatment is 30MHz, the power is 180W, the vacuum degree is 1.33Pa, and the treatment time is 3 min.
Example 2
A preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.5 percent of Ni, 0.41 percent of C, 0.66 percent of Si, 0.55 percent of Cr, 0.65 percent of Mo, 1.9 percent of Mn, 0.0425 percent of P, 0.0125 percent of S, 0.0035 percent of B, 0.04 percent of Cu, 0.005 percent of Cd and the balance of Fe and impurities by corresponding weight percentage for later use;
(II) smelting:
placing the raw materials weighed in the step (one) in a crucible for smelting, after the raw materials are completely molten, placing an ultrasonic probe at a position 3.5cm below a melt, carrying out ultrasonic treatment with the frequency of 45kHz and simultaneously carrying out low-energy proton irradiation treatment, wherein the energy of the low-energy proton irradiation is 2.5MeV, and treating for 1.5h to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
putting the melt A obtained in the step (II) into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the vacuum degree of smelting is 6.5Pa, and performing electron beam irradiation treatment while smelting, wherein the dose of the electron beam irradiation treatment is 3.5 multiplied by 106rad/s, treating for 50min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), performing cold plasma treatment, and then assembling the semi-finished product into a bearing after machining; the tempering temperature is 700 ℃, the tempering time is 35min, the annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and the annealing time is 25 min; the frequency of cold plasma treatment is 35MHz, the power is 200W, the vacuum degree is 1.55Pa, and the treatment time is 4 min.
Example 3
A preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.6% of Ni, 0.42% of C, 0.68% of Si, 0.6% of Cr, 0.75% of Mo, 2% of Mn, 0.045% of P, 0.013% of S, 0.0045% of B, 0.05% of Cu, 0.006% of Cd, and the balance of Fe and impurities for later use;
(II) smelting:
placing the raw materials weighed in the step (one) in a crucible for smelting, placing an ultrasonic probe 4cm below a melt after complete melting, performing ultrasonic treatment with the frequency of 60kHz and low-energy proton irradiation treatment at the same time, wherein the low-energy proton irradiation energy is 3MeV, and treating for 2h to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
putting the melt A obtained in the step (II) into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the vacuum degree of smelting is 8Pa, and performing electron beam irradiation treatment while smelting, wherein the dose of the electron beam irradiation treatment is 4 multiplied by 106rad/s, treating for 60min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), performing cold plasma treatment, and then assembling the semi-finished product into a bearing after machining; the tempering temperature is 800 ℃, the tempering time is 40min, the annealing temperature is 400 ℃, and the annealing time is 30 min; the frequency of the cold plasma treatment is 40MHz, the power is 220W, the vacuum degree is 1.88Pa, and the treatment time is 5 min.
Example 4
A preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.5 percent of Ni, 0.41 percent of C, 0.66 percent of Si, 0.55 percent of Cr, 0.65 percent of Mo, 1.9 percent of Mn, 0.0425 percent of P, 0.0125 percent of S, 0.0035 percent of B, 0.04 percent of Cu, 0.005 percent of Cd and the balance of Fe and impurities by corresponding weight percentage for later use;
(II) smelting:
putting the raw materials weighed in the step (I) into a crucible for smelting, and treating for 1.5h to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
putting the melt A obtained in the step (II) into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the vacuum degree of smelting is 6.5Pa, and performing electron beam irradiation treatment while smelting, wherein the dose of the electron beam irradiation treatment is 3.5 multiplied by 106rad/s, treating for 50min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), performing cold plasma treatment, and then assembling the semi-finished product into a bearing after machining; the tempering temperature is 700 ℃, the tempering time is 35min, the annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and the annealing time is 25 min; the frequency of cold plasma treatment is 35MHz, the power is 200W, the vacuum degree is 1.55Pa, and the treatment time is 4 min.
Example 5
A preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.5 percent of Ni, 0.41 percent of C, 0.66 percent of Si, 0.55 percent of Cr, 0.65 percent of Mo, 1.9 percent of Mn, 0.0425 percent of P, 0.0125 percent of S, 0.0035 percent of B, 0.04 percent of Cu, 0.005 percent of Cd and the balance of Fe and impurities by corresponding weight percentage for later use;
(II) smelting:
placing the raw materials weighed in the step (one) in a crucible for smelting, after the raw materials are completely molten, placing an ultrasonic probe at a position 3.5cm below a melt, carrying out ultrasonic treatment with the frequency of 45kHz and simultaneously carrying out low-energy proton irradiation treatment, wherein the energy of the low-energy proton irradiation is 2.5MeV, and treating for 1.5h to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
putting the melt A obtained in the step (II) into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting vacuum degree is 6.5Pa, and treating for 50min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), performing cold plasma treatment, and then assembling the semi-finished product into a bearing after machining; the tempering temperature is 700 ℃, the tempering time is 35min, the annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and the annealing time is 25 min; the frequency of cold plasma treatment is 35MHz, the power is 200W, the vacuum degree is 1.55Pa, and the treatment time is 4 min.
Example 6
A preparation method of a wear-resistant bearing comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.5 percent of Ni, 0.41 percent of C, 0.66 percent of Si, 0.55 percent of Cr, 0.65 percent of Mo, 1.9 percent of Mn, 0.0425 percent of P, 0.0125 percent of S, 0.0035 percent of B, 0.04 percent of Cu, 0.005 percent of Cd and the balance of Fe and impurities by corresponding weight percentage for later use;
(II) smelting:
placing the raw materials weighed in the step (one) in a crucible for smelting, after the raw materials are completely molten, placing an ultrasonic probe at a position 3.5cm below a melt, carrying out ultrasonic treatment with the frequency of 45kHz and simultaneously carrying out low-energy proton irradiation treatment, wherein the energy of the low-energy proton irradiation is 2.5MeV, and treating for 1.5h to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
putting the melt A obtained in the step (II) into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the vacuum degree of smelting is 6.5Pa, and performing electron beam irradiation treatment while smelting, wherein the dose of the electron beam irradiation treatment is 3.5 multiplied by 106rad/s, treating for 50min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), and then machining to assemble the bearing; the tempering temperature is 700 ℃, the tempering time is 35min, the annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and the annealing time is 25 min.
Control group
The application numbers are: CN201711203881.7 discloses a bearing and a preparation process thereof. Reference is made in detail to the method of this invention in its detailed description section example 2.
In order to compare the effects of the invention, the bearings are prepared by the methods of the embodiment 2, the embodiments 4-6 and the comparison group respectively, then the abrasion loss mass of each group of bearings produced and prepared is measured simultaneously, a Mettlerlington multi-balance LE104E/LE204E precision electronic balance analysis balance is adopted, the precision of the equipment is 0.1mg, and after the testing machine is impacted for different time, the equipment is placed in a drying vessel called silica gel to prevent the error of the experimental material caused by the oxidation of air moisture. Taking out the sample from a drying vessel, cleaning the worn sample in ultrasonic waves for more than 30 minutes by using an absolute ethyl alcohol + acetone solution, cleaning a wear surface by using a light brush, removing stains, mainly removing grinding materials on the wear sample, weighing, recording, comprehensively quantifying and comparing the wear resistance of the wear sample, performing 6 parallel tests on each group of tests, and taking the average value as the final test result. Specific experimental comparison data are shown in table 1 below.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the bearing prepared by the method of the invention has excellent wear resistance, and the wear amount does not have a rapid growth trend along with the extension of the impact time, i.e. the bearing prepared by the method has stable performance and extremely has market popularization and application values.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the wear-resistant bearing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
weighing raw materials:
weighing 1.4-1.6% of Ni, 0.4-0.42% of C, 0.64-0.68% of Si, 0.5-0.6% of Cr, 0.55-0.75% of Mo, 1.8-2% of Mn, 0.04-0.045% of P, 0.012-0.013% of S, 0.0025-0.0045% of B, 0.03-0.05% of Cu, 0.004-0.006% of Cd and the balance of Fe and impurities by corresponding weight percentage for later use;
(II) smelting:
placing the raw materials weighed in the step (one) into a crucible for smelting, placing an ultrasonic probe at a position 3-4 cm below a melt after the raw materials are completely molten, performing ultrasonic treatment and low-energy proton irradiation treatment at the same time, and performing treatment for 1-2 hours to obtain a melt A for heat preservation and standby;
and (III) smelting:
smelting the melt A obtained in the step (II) in a vacuum induction furnace, performing electron beam irradiation treatment while smelting, and treating for 40-60 min to obtain a melt B for later use;
(IV) casting molding:
pouring the melt B obtained in the step (III) into a mould to obtain a semi-finished bearing product for later use;
(V) finished product:
and (5) tempering and annealing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (IV), performing cold plasma treatment, and then machining to assemble the bearing.
2. The method for preparing a wear-resistant bearing according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the step (II) is 30 to 60 kHz.
3. The method for preparing a wear-resistant bearing according to claim 1, wherein the low-energy proton irradiation in the step (two) has an energy of 2 to 3 MeV.
4. The method for preparing a wear-resistant bearing according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum degree of smelting in the step (III) is 5-8 Pa.
5. The method for manufacturing a wear-resistant bearing according to claim 1, wherein the electron beam irradiation treatment in the step (III) is performed at a dose of 3 to 4 x 106rad/s。
6. The method for manufacturing a wear-resistant bearing according to claim 1, wherein the tempering temperature in the step (V) is 600-800 ℃, the tempering time is 30-40 min, the annealing temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the annealing time is 20-30 min.
7. The method for preparing a wear-resistant bearing according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the cold plasma treatment in the step (V) is 30-40 MHz, the power is 180-220W, the vacuum degree is 1.33-1.88 Pa, and the treatment time is 3-5 min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011167487.4A CN112239833A (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Preparation method of wear-resistant bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011167487.4A CN112239833A (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Preparation method of wear-resistant bearing |
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Application publication date: 20210119 |