CN112238433A - Production method of switch cylinder - Google Patents
Production method of switch cylinder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112238433A CN112238433A CN201910646310.3A CN201910646310A CN112238433A CN 112238433 A CN112238433 A CN 112238433A CN 201910646310 A CN201910646310 A CN 201910646310A CN 112238433 A CN112238433 A CN 112238433A
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- Prior art keywords
- line
- horizontal
- cylinder
- switch
- scribing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25H—WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS
- B25H7/00—Marking-out or setting-out work
- B25H7/04—Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25H—WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS
- B25H7/00—Marking-out or setting-out work
- B25H7/04—Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking
- B25H7/045—Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking characterised by constructional details of the marking elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece scribing, in particular to a method for producing a switch cylinder. The method comprises two steps of barrel alignment and allowance line marking; the method adjusts the switch cylinder body in a marking and measuring combined mode, and finally enables the horizontal lines corresponding to the main cylinder body and each horizontal branch cylinder body to be located in a horizontal plane, so that the switch cylinder body is placed in a right position and is leveled; then finding an intersection point of a vertical line and a horizontal line corresponding to a main cylinder, wherein the intersection point is a point on the central line of the main cylinder, using a three-dimensional scriber to scribe the allowance line of the flange of each horizontal support cylinder by taking the intersection point as an original point, similarly, finding an intersection point of a vertical line and a horizontal line corresponding to a horizontal support cylinder, wherein the intersection point is a point on the central line of the horizontal support cylinder, and using the intersection point as an original point to scribe the allowance line of the flange of the main cylinder; by the method, the accuracy of the margin lines marked on the flanges can be ensured, and the processing quality of the switch cylinder can be further ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece scribing, in particular to a method for producing a switch cylinder.
Background
The switch cylinder is an important component structure of the switch, generally comprises a main cylinder and horizontal cylinders, and also comprises vertical cylinders, wherein the axis of the horizontal cylinder is perpendicular to the axis of the main cylinder and is in the same horizontal plane with the axis of the main cylinder, and the axis of the vertical cylinder is perpendicular to the axis of the main cylinder and is in the same vertical plane with the axis of the main cylinder.
Because the requirement on the dimensional accuracy is higher after the switch cylinder is processed, certain cutting allowance can be reserved for flanges welded and installed at the end openings of the main cylinder, the horizontal support cylinder and the vertical support cylinder during primary forming of the switch cylinder, so that the distance between the end surfaces of the flanges and the verticality or levelness of the end surfaces of the flanges can be adjusted.
The flanges on the switch cylinder need to mark allowance lines before cutting allowance so as to accurately control the cutting amount of the flanges, and whether the allowance lines are accurate or not directly determines the processing quality of the switch cylinder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of a switch cylinder.
In order to achieve the purpose, the production method of the switch cylinder provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the switch cylinder comprises a main cylinder and a horizontal support cylinder, and the production method of the switch cylinder comprises the following steps:
step one, barrel alignment: placing the switch cylinder on a horizontal workbench, fixing a scribing board in a flange at one end of the main cylinder, drawing arc lines with equal radius and intersecting in sequence on the scribing board by taking four points uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the flange of the main cylinder as the center of a circle, drawing a horizontal line by taking any two opposite vertexes of the quadrangle as reference, and drawing the distances between the two vertexes as reference and the horizontal line to be equal; drawing a horizontal line at the other end of the main cylinder in the same way, and leveling the switch cylinder according to the distance H from the horizontal line at the two ends of the main cylinder to the horizontal workbench; drawing a horizontal line on at least one horizontal support cylinder of the switch cylinder in the same way, and rotating the switch cylinder until the distance H = H between the horizontal line and the horizontal workbench;
step two, drawing a margin line: using any two opposite vertexes as reference at one end of the main cylinder body, drawing a vertical line by using a three-dimensional scribing instrument, using the two vertexes as reference to have equal distances to the vertical line, and drawing allowance lines of flanges of all horizontal branch cylinder bodies by using the three-dimensional scribing instrument with the intersection point of a horizontal line and the vertical line at the end of the main cylinder body as an origin point; and drawing a vertical line corresponding to one of the horizontal support cylinders in the same manner, and drawing allowance lines of flanges at two ends of the main cylinder by using a three-dimensional scriber with an intersection point of the vertical line and the horizontal line of the horizontal support cylinder as an origin.
The production method of the switch cylinder provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method adjusts the switch cylinder body in a marking and measuring combined mode, and finally enables the horizontal lines corresponding to the main cylinder body and each horizontal branch cylinder body to be located in a horizontal plane, so that the switch cylinder body is placed in a right position and is leveled; then finding an intersection point of a vertical line and a horizontal line corresponding to a main cylinder, wherein the intersection point is a point on the central line of the main cylinder, using a three-dimensional scriber to scribe the allowance line of the flange of each horizontal support cylinder by taking the intersection point as an original point, similarly, finding an intersection point of a vertical line and a horizontal line corresponding to a horizontal support cylinder, wherein the intersection point is a point on the central line of the horizontal support cylinder, and using the intersection point as an original point to scribe the allowance line of the flange of the main cylinder; by the method, the accuracy of the margin lines marked on the flanges can be ensured, and the processing quality of the switch cylinder can be further ensured.
Furthermore, the included angles between the connecting line of the four points selected from the flange fixed with the scribing plate in the step one and the circle center of the circle where the four points are located and the horizontal plane are both 45 degrees. Under the condition, the connecting line of the intersection points of the opposite corners of the quadrangle on the corresponding scribing board is the required horizontal line or vertical line, so that the horizontal line and the vertical line can be conveniently scribed.
Further, a color layer is coated on the surface of the scribing board for scribing before scribing, and scribing means that a corresponding part of the color layer is scraped to form a corresponding line on the color layer. The scribing method is simple and easy to realize.
Furthermore, an arc line is drawn on the scribing board through a scriber, the scriber comprises a scriber and a supporting rod, and the scriber is hinged with the supporting rod. The scriber has simple structure and low manufacturing cost.
Furthermore, the scribing block comprises a flat plate and a supporting leg for fixing the flat plate in the flange, and the length of the part, extending out of the flat plate, of the supporting leg is adjustable. The length of the part of the supporting leg extending out of the flat plate is adjustable, so that the line marking plate can be conveniently fixed, and the line marking plate in the form can be suitable for flanges with different inner diameters, and is high in universality.
Furthermore, the supporting legs are provided with external threads, and the supporting legs can achieve the purpose that the length of the part extending out of the flat plate is adjustable through nuts fixed on the flat plate. The scribing board is simple in structure.
Further, the switch cylinder body further comprises a vertical cylinder body, and the allowance line of the flange of the vertical cylinder body is drawn by using a three-dimensional scriber by taking the intersection point of the horizontal line and the vertical line on the main cylinder body as the origin. By using the method, the allowance line of the flange on the vertical support cylinder body can be drawn.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a switch cylinder and a matching scriber and a scribing board in an embodiment of a method for producing the switch cylinder;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a scribing board in an embodiment of the switch cylinder production method provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a scriber in an embodiment of a method for producing a switch cylinder provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of drawing an arc on a line drawing board in the embodiment of the switch cylinder production method provided by the invention.
In the drawings: 1-main cylinder body, 2-horizontal support cylinder body, 3-marking board, 4-scriber, 5-flange, 6-horizontal line, 7-vertical line, 31-flat plate, 32-support leg, 41-scriber and 42-support rod.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The embodiment of the production method of the switch cylinder provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, the switch cylinder used in the switch cylinder production method includes a main cylinder 1 and a plurality of horizontal support cylinders 2 perpendicular to the main cylinder 1, wherein the axes of the horizontal support cylinders 2 are perpendicular to the axis of the main cylinder 1, the axes of the main cylinder 1 and the horizontal support cylinders 2 are in the same plane, and flanges are arranged at two ends of the main cylinder 1 and at one end of the horizontal support cylinders 2 away from the main cylinder 1; the production method of the switch cylinder comprises two steps of cylinder alignment and allowance line marking.
Step one, barrel alignment:
as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the switch cylinder is placed on a horizontal workbench, and a marking plate 3 is fixed in a flange 5 at one end of the main cylinder 1; four points which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flange 5 are selected from the flange 5 of the main cylinder body and are respectively a point A, a point B, a point C and a point D in the figure, the included angles between the connecting lines of the four points and the circle center of the circle where the four points are located and the horizontal plane are 45 degrees, the four points are used as the circle center, the scribing needle 4 is used for scribing arcs which are equal in radius and sequentially intersected on the scribing plate 3, each intersection point forms four vertexes of a quadrangle, a horizontal line 6 can be scribed through the four intersection points, the intersection points corresponding to two opposite angles of the quadrangle are located on the horizontal line 6, the intersection points corresponding to the other two opposite angles are respectively located on two sides of the horizontal line 6, the vertical distances from the intersection points to the horizontal line 6 are equal, and during scribing, the horizontal line 6 can.
Drawing a horizontal line 6 at the other end of the main cylinder body 1 in the same way, measuring the distance from the horizontal line 6 at the two ends of the main cylinder body 1 to the horizontal workbench, setting the distance from the horizontal line 6 to the horizontal workbench at the higher end of the horizontal workbench to be H, and raising the lower end to ensure that the distances from the horizontal line 6 at the two ends of the main cylinder body 1 to the horizontal workbench are both H, so as to realize the leveling of the switch cylinder body.
Scribing the horizontal line 6 corresponding to one horizontal support cylinder 2 of the switch cylinder in the same way, measuring the distance H between the horizontal line 6 corresponding to the horizontal support cylinder 2 and the horizontal workbench, and then rotating the switch cylinder to enable H = H, so as to realize the alignment and leveling of the whole switch cylinder.
Step two, drawing a margin line:
at one end of the main cylinder body 1, a vertical line 7 is drawn by using a three-dimensional scribing instrument through four intersection points on the scribing plate 3, wherein intersection points corresponding to two opposite angles of a quadrangle are positioned on the vertical line 7, the other two intersection points corresponding to the two opposite angles are respectively positioned on two sides of the vertical line 7, the vertical distance from the other two intersection points to the vertical line 7 is equal, and the vertical line 7 can be directly drawn through the two intersection points positioned on the vertical line 7 during scribing. The intersection point of the horizontal line 6 and the vertical line 7 on the scribing plate 3 at the end of the main cylinder 1 is located on the center line of the main cylinder 1, and a margin line is drawn on the outer peripheral surface of the flange of each horizontal cylinder 2 by using a three-dimensional scribing instrument based on the theoretical distance from the flange end surface of each horizontal cylinder 2 to the center line of the main cylinder 1 with the intersection point of the horizontal line 6 and the vertical line 7 as the origin.
In the same way, a corresponding vertical line 7 is marked on the marking plate 3 of one horizontal cylinder body 2, the intersection point of the horizontal line 6 and the vertical line 7 on the marking plate 3 of the horizontal cylinder body 2 is positioned on the central line of the horizontal cylinder body 2, and a margin line is marked on the outer peripheral surfaces of two flanges of the main cylinder body 1 by using a three-dimensional marking instrument according to the theoretical distance from the end surfaces of the two flanges on the main cylinder body 1 to the central line of the horizontal cylinder body 2 by taking the intersection point of the horizontal line 6 and the vertical line 7 as an origin.
The structure of the scribing board in the above steps is as shown in fig. 2, and comprises a flat plate 31, four nuts (not shown in the figure) are fixed on one side of the flat plate 31, each of the four nuts is provided with a supporting leg 32 through a thread, the outer circumferential surface of the supporting leg 32 is provided with an external thread adapted to the nut, the length of the part of the supporting leg 32 extending out of the flat plate 31 can be adjusted through the matching of the four supporting legs 32 and the corresponding nuts, and the scribing board 3 is supported and fixed on the inner side of the flange through the four supporting legs 32; the surface of the flat plate 31 of the scribe plate 3 facing the surface of the fixing nut is used for scribing.
The method for scribing the scribing plate 3 in the above steps comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly coating chalk on a scribing board 3 to coat a color layer on the scribing board 3, then scribing on the scribing board 3 by a scribing needle 4 or a related scribing tool on a three-dimensional scriber, and scraping off part of the color layer to display a corresponding arc line or straight line on the scribing board 3; the scribing needle 4 is structured as shown in fig. 3, and includes a scribing needle 41 and a supporting rod 42, the scribing needle 41 and the supporting rod 42 are hinged together, the scribing needle 41 is used for scraping off a color layer on the scribing plate 3, and the supporting rod 42 is used for supporting the scribing needle 41 at a corresponding position of the flange.
In the above embodiment, the scribing plate is fixed and scribed only in one horizontal support cylinder. In other embodiments, the scribing plate can be fixed in a plurality of horizontal supporting cylinders at the same time, and the same can be used.
In the above embodiment, the connection line between the four points selected on the flange and the center of the circle in which the four points are located and the horizontal plane form 45 degrees. In other embodiments, the included angles between the connecting lines of the four points and the centers of the circles where the four points are located and the horizontal plane may be other angles, as long as the four points are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flange, and for example, the included angles between the connecting lines of the four points and the centers of the circles where the four points are located and the horizontal plane may be 0 °, 90 °, or 60 °, 30 °, or the like, and may be used.
In the above embodiment, a color layer is coated on the scribing block by chalk, and then a part of the color layer is scraped off by a scribing needle or a related scribing tool on a three-dimensional scriber to form an arc line or a straight line on the scribing block. In other embodiments, the color layer may be applied to the line marking board by other means, such as by applying a pigment brush to the line marking board to form the color layer; pigment can also be coated on a related marking tool on a scribing needle or a three-dimensional marking instrument, and the pigment is left at the corresponding position to form a required line shape during marking.
In the above embodiment, the scribing block comprises a flat plate, four nuts and four supporting legs, the flat plate is supported and fixed on the inner side of the flange through the four supporting legs and the nuts matched with the flat plate, and the length of the supporting legs extending out of the outer side of the flat plate is adjustable. In other embodiments, the length of the support leg extending out of the flat plate can be adjusted by the scribing plate in other ways, for example, if a threaded hole matched with the external thread on the support leg is formed in the flat plate, the thread of the support leg is assembled in the threaded hole, and the length of the support leg extending out of the flat plate can be adjusted; the line-marking plate can also be in other structural forms, for example, the line-marking plate can comprise a flat plate, four thin strip-shaped supporting plates are fixed on the flat plate, and when the line-marking plate is required to be fixed on the flange, the supporting plates can be pressed on the end face of the flange through magnets.
In the above-described embodiment, when drawing a horizontal line, the horizontal line is drawn by two intersections located on the horizontal line. In other embodiments, the horizontal line may be drawn by two other intersections, and the horizontal line may be drawn as long as the two intersections are guaranteed to be equidistant from the horizontal line.
In the above-described embodiment, when the vertical line is drawn, the vertical line is drawn by two intersections located on the vertical line. In other embodiments, the vertical line may be drawn by two other intersection points, as long as the two points are guaranteed to be equidistant from the vertical line.
In the above embodiment, the method for producing the switch cylinder is only used for marking the allowance lines of the flanges corresponding to the main cylinder and the horizontal branch cylinder. In other embodiments, the method for producing the switch cylinder can also be used for drawing allowance lines of flanges corresponding to the vertical branch cylinders, and when the lines are drawn, the allowance lines are drawn on the outer peripheral surfaces of the flanges of the vertical branch cylinders by using a three-dimensional drawing instrument according to the theoretical distance from the end surfaces of the flanges on the vertical branch cylinders to the central line of the main cylinder by taking the intersection point of the horizontal line and the vertical line at one end of the main cylinder as an origin.
Claims (7)
1. A production method of a switch cylinder comprises a main cylinder and a horizontal support cylinder, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, barrel alignment: placing the switch cylinder on a horizontal workbench, fixing a scribing board in a flange at one end of the main cylinder, drawing arc lines with equal radius and intersecting in sequence on the scribing board by taking four points uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the flange of the main cylinder as the center of a circle, drawing a horizontal line by taking any two opposite vertexes of the quadrangle as reference, and drawing the distances between the two vertexes as reference and the horizontal line to be equal; drawing a horizontal line at the other end of the main cylinder in the same way, and leveling the switch cylinder according to the distance H from the horizontal line at the two ends of the main cylinder to the horizontal workbench; drawing a horizontal line on at least one horizontal support cylinder of the switch cylinder in the same way, and rotating the switch cylinder until the distance H = H between the horizontal line and the horizontal workbench;
step two, drawing a margin line: using any two opposite vertexes as reference at one end of the main cylinder body, drawing a vertical line by using a three-dimensional scribing instrument, using the two vertexes as reference to have equal distances to the vertical line, and drawing allowance lines of flanges of all horizontal branch cylinder bodies by using the three-dimensional scribing instrument with the intersection point of a horizontal line and the vertical line at the end of the main cylinder body as an origin point; and drawing a vertical line corresponding to one of the horizontal support cylinders in the same manner, and drawing allowance lines of flanges at two ends of the main cylinder by using a three-dimensional scriber with an intersection point of the vertical line and the horizontal line of the horizontal support cylinder as an origin.
2. A method for producing a switch tube according to claim 1, wherein the four points selected from the flange on which the score plate is fixed in the first step and the line connecting the centers of the circles in which the four points are located are all at 45 ° to the horizontal plane.
3. A method for producing a switch cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a color layer is applied to a surface of the score plate for scoring before scoring, and the scoring is performed by scraping off a corresponding portion of the color layer to form a corresponding line on the color layer.
4. A method for producing a switch cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the scribing needle is curved by a scribing needle comprising the scribing needle and a supporting rod, and the scribing needle and the supporting rod are hinged together.
5. A method of producing a switch case according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the score plate comprises a flat plate and support legs for securing the flat plate in the flange, the length of the portion of the support legs extending outside the flat plate being adjustable.
6. A method of manufacturing a switch cartridge as claimed in claim 5, wherein the support legs are externally threaded and the length of the part of the support legs extending outside the plate is adjustable by means of nuts fixed to the plate.
7. The switch drum production method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the switch drum further comprises a vertical drum body, and the margin line of the flange of the vertical drum body is scribed using a three-dimensional scriber with an origin at an intersection of a horizontal line and a vertical line on the main drum body.
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CN201910646310.3A CN112238433B (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Production method of switch cylinder |
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CN201910646310.3A CN112238433B (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Production method of switch cylinder |
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CN112238433B CN112238433B (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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Citations (6)
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DE9205607U1 (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1992-09-03 | Hartinger, Rudolf, 8500 Nürnberg | Device for centering flanges while simultaneously aligning the bolt circle |
CN1586824A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2005-03-02 | 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 | Large tubular structure piece platform scribing method |
CN102152289A (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2011-08-17 | 上海东方泵业(集团)有限公司 | Aligning and ruling tool for twin bent pipes for axial-flow pumps |
CN102909719A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-06 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | Wobbler crisscross line scribing method |
JP2014240116A (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2014-12-25 | 株式会社Ihi | Mark-off display device and method |
CN106914877A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-04 | 山西汾西重工有限责任公司 | The chalker and scribble method of cinclides seat and madial wall reinforcement on the outside of cylinder |
-
2019
- 2019-07-17 CN CN201910646310.3A patent/CN112238433B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE9205607U1 (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1992-09-03 | Hartinger, Rudolf, 8500 Nürnberg | Device for centering flanges while simultaneously aligning the bolt circle |
CN1586824A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2005-03-02 | 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 | Large tubular structure piece platform scribing method |
CN102152289A (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2011-08-17 | 上海东方泵业(集团)有限公司 | Aligning and ruling tool for twin bent pipes for axial-flow pumps |
CN102909719A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-06 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | Wobbler crisscross line scribing method |
JP2014240116A (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2014-12-25 | 株式会社Ihi | Mark-off display device and method |
CN106914877A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-04 | 山西汾西重工有限责任公司 | The chalker and scribble method of cinclides seat and madial wall reinforcement on the outside of cylinder |
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