CN112237171B - Wetland fish resource investigation device and method - Google Patents
Wetland fish resource investigation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112237171B CN112237171B CN202011036911.1A CN202011036911A CN112237171B CN 112237171 B CN112237171 B CN 112237171B CN 202011036911 A CN202011036911 A CN 202011036911A CN 112237171 B CN112237171 B CN 112237171B
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- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wetland fish resource investigation device and a wetland fish resource investigation method, wherein the wetland fish resource investigation device comprises a capture ground cage, an operation platform, a winch bracket, a winch and a containing tank; the investigation method comprises the steps of determining investigation point positions, arranging equipment and collecting and cage placing operation. Each fishing zone of the catching ground cage of the wetland fish resource investigation device is of a detachable structure, so that the wetland fish resource investigation device is convenient to carry and transport, the cage can be collected through a winch in the investigation process and matched with a containing groove, the cage can be detached in real time in the cage collecting process, the wetland fish resource investigation device is very convenient to operate, investigators can conveniently investigate fishes in each fishing zone, and the rest fishing zones are all positioned below the water surface, so that the problems that the investigation workload is too large in a short time and the fishes are easily damaged and die due to excessive one-time fishing are solved; the method has simple operation process and small influence on the fishes, and is particularly suitable for wetland fish resource investigation work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wetland resource investigation, and particularly relates to a wetland fish resource investigation device and a wetland fish resource investigation method.
Background
The coastal wetland, the river wetland, the lake wetland and the artificial wetland are 5 types and 25 types in common in the Hainan island wetland, and the wetland types are very rich. The mangrove forest and coral reef wetland is the most important type of the south-of-the-sea island, and the south-of-the-sea island has the mangrove forest wetland with the largest area in China, which accounts for 82% of the area of the mangrove forest in China. Although the area of the whole-island constructed wetland is continuously enlarged, in recent years, due to economic development, cities are continuously expanded, and factors such as artificial cultivation destruction and water pollution influence are added, so that the area of the natural wetland is shrunk, and according to statistics, more than 35% of the natural wetland faces the threat of being reclaimed and reformed.
From the perspective of long-term protection, it is necessary to utilize a modern research method to further study the island wetland in the south of the sea, for example, the landscape pattern change and the research direction of space optimization simulation, and it is essentially understood that the landscape ecology principle is also utilized to solve the problem of land reasonable utilization, so as to reveal the real cause and action mechanism of landscape pattern change in the research area, and further propose the corresponding ecological protection and restoration strategy. The wetland ecological environment comprehensive evaluation is an important part of landscape pattern change and space optimization simulation research work, in the wetland ecological environment comprehensive evaluation process, animal diversity index data needs to be acquired, and fish is animals with relatively large quantity in the wetland ecological environment, generally, in the fish resource investigation process, a fishing ground cage is regularly arranged at a fixed point in a research area, the type and quantity of the captured fish are identified and counted after the cage is collected, because the common fishing ground cage needs to pour all the fish out of the cage for investigation when the fish is collected, the investigation workload is very large in a short time due to large pouring amount, the damage and death of the fish are easily caused, the investigation work is not facilitated, and the traditional investigation method also has the problems of inconvenient operation and high labor intensity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a wetland fish resource survey apparatus and a survey method that can solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a wetland fish resource investigation device.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for investigating wetland fish resource investigation device
The first purpose of the invention is realized by comprising a catching ground cage, an operating platform, a winch bracket, a winch and a containing groove, wherein the catching ground cage comprises a supporting frame, a connecting frame, a net surface, net cylinders and buckles, the supporting frame and the connecting frame are both square frames, the front surface and the back surface of the supporting frame are respectively provided with a square groove, the net surface is arranged in the supporting frame, the supporting frames are provided with a plurality of supporting frames which are sequentially arranged at equal intervals from left to right, the net cylinders are respectively arranged between two adjacent supporting frames, the connecting frames at the two ends of each net cylinder are respectively embedded into the square grooves of the corresponding supporting frame, so that two adjacent supporting frames and the net cylinders form a catching area, the center of the supporting frame at the left side of each catching area is provided with a catching hole which is connected with the larger end of a trumpet-shaped catching inverted beard, the smaller end of the trumpet-shaped catching inverted beard catching opening is positioned in the catching area, the front and back sides of the supporting frame are respectively provided with a buckle, the buckles clamp the connecting frame in the square groove, and two sides of the supporting frame are respectively provided with a hanging ring; the operation platform is arranged on the water surface, the winch support is arranged on the operation platform, the winch is arranged at the top of the winch support, the containing groove is arranged on the operation platform and is positioned below the winch, and openings are respectively arranged at the bottom of the containing groove and on the operation platform and correspond to the openings; the rope end of the winch penetrates through the opening, the rope end of the winch is provided with two branch ropes, the branch ropes correspond to the hanging rings one to one, the end of each branch rope is provided with a hook, and the hook is detachably connected with the corresponding hanging ring.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by comprising the steps of:
s1, survey sites in the wetland are determined, then a capture ground cage and an operation platform 6 are arranged at each survey site, the capture ground cage is positioned at the water bottom, and the operation platform 6 is positioned on the water surface;
s2, carrying out cage collection and cage release once every 4-24 hours after the ground cage is caught to be launched in the S1 step; the cage collecting and releasing operation is to wind the rope by the winch 8, gradually pull the catching cage out of the water, hang the hook and the branch rope 13 on the hanging ring 12 of the support frame 1 close to the water surface of the catching interval and keep the rope in a tensioned state when pulling out a catching interval to the opening 21, the catching interval is positioned in the containing groove 9, then an investigator carries out dismounting operation on the support frame 1 far from the water surface of the catching interval, separates the support frame 1 from the catching interval, namely the catching interval is in an open state, records and releases the fishes in the catching interval, then repeats the process, records all the fishes in the catching interval, then assembles and releases the catching cage into the water, and finishes one cage collecting and releasing operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: each fishing zone of the catching ground cage of the wetland fish resource investigation device is of a detachable structure, so that the wetland fish resource investigation device is convenient to carry and transport, the cage can be collected through a winch in the investigation process and matched with a containing groove, the cage can be detached in real time in the cage collecting process, the wetland fish resource investigation device is very convenient to operate, investigators can conveniently investigate fishes in each fishing zone, and the rest fishing zones are all positioned below the water surface, so that the problems that the investigation workload is too large in a short time and the fishes are easily damaged and die due to excessive one-time fishing are solved; the method has simple operation process and small influence on the fishes, and is particularly suitable for wetland fish resource investigation work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a capture ground cage;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the support frame;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the buckle;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the tank further comprising a movable plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the movable plate;
in the figure: 1-supporting frame, 2-connecting frame, 3-net surface, 4-net barrel, 5-buckle, 6-operating platform, 7-winch support, 8-winch, 9-containing groove, 10-square groove, 11-trumpet-shaped fishing inverted beard opening, 12-hanging ring, 13-branch rope, 14-fixed shaft, 15-limit end cover, 16-fastening bolt, 17-limit abutment, 18-movable plate, 19-rotating shaft, 20-lifting slot door and 21-opening.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teaching of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
As shown in attached figures 1-6, the invention comprises a catching ground cage, an operation platform 6, a winch bracket 7, a winch 8 and a containing groove 9, wherein the catching ground cage comprises a supporting frame 1, a connecting frame 2, a net surface 3, a plurality of net cylinders 4 and buckles 5, the supporting frame 1 and the connecting frame 2 are both square frames, square grooves 10 are respectively arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the supporting frame 1, the net surface 3 is arranged in the supporting frame 1, the supporting frames 1 are sequentially arranged at equal intervals from left to right, the net cylinders 4 are respectively arranged between two adjacent supporting frames 1, the connecting frames 2 at the two ends of the net cylinders 4 are respectively embedded into the corresponding square grooves 10 of the supporting frames 1, so that two adjacent supporting frames 1 and the net cylinders 4 form a fish catching interval, a fishing hole is arranged in the center of the supporting frame 1 at the left of each fishing interval, and is connected with the larger end of a trumpet-shaped fishing inverted beard opening 11, the smaller end of the horn-shaped fishing inverted beard opening 11 is positioned in the fishing area, the front and back sides of the support frame 1 are respectively provided with a buckle 5, the buckle 5 clamps the connecting frame 2 in the square groove 10, and two sides of the support frame 1 are respectively provided with a hanging ring 12; the operation platform 6 is arranged on the water surface, the winch support 7 is arranged on the operation platform 6, the winch 8 is arranged at the top of the winch support 7, the containing groove 9 is arranged on the operation platform 6, the containing groove 9 is positioned below the winch 8, openings 21 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the containing groove 9 and on the operation platform 6, and the two openings 21 are corresponding to each other; the rope end part of the winch 8 penetrates through the opening 21, the rope end part of the winch 8 is provided with two branch ropes 13, the branch ropes 13 correspond to the hanging rings 12 one by one, and the end parts of the branch ropes 13 are provided with hooks which are detachably connected with the corresponding hanging rings 12; wherein the trumpet-shaped fishing inverted beard opening is a fishing structure well known by the technical personnel in the field.
Preferably, the operation platform 6 is a floating platform or a support platform, the floating platform is fixed through an anchor cable, and the support platform is supported and fixed through support legs.
Preferably, each side of the supporting frame 1 has at least two symmetrically arranged buckles 5, which enhances the stability of the connecting frame 2 being clamped.
Preferably, the buckle 5 is a strip-shaped structure, the front surface and the back surface of the supporting frame 1 are respectively provided with a fixing shaft 14, the buckle 5 is sleeved on the fixing shaft 14, the end part of the fixing shaft 14 is fixedly provided with a limiting end cover 15, the middle part of the buckle 5 is detachably connected with the supporting frame 1 through a fastening bolt 16, and the end part of the buckle 5 covers the notch of the square groove 10, so that the buckle 5 clamps the connecting frame 2 in the square groove 10.
Preferably, the fastening bolt 16 is a bolt handle, and the fastening bolt 16 can be directly screwed by a palm without a tool, so that the operation is convenient.
Preferably, the snap 5 covers half of the notch of the square groove 10.
Preferably, the hoist 8 is a manual hoist or an electric hoist.
Preferably, the number of the fishing areas is at least two, so that the fishing space is increased.
Preferably, the diameters of the smaller ends of the trumpet-shaped fishing inverted beard openings 11 of the fishing intervals arranged from left to right are sequentially reduced; the fish enters the leftmost fishing interval from the leftmost trumpet-shaped fishing inverted beard opening 11, and the fish with relatively small body size enters the next fishing interval through the next trumpet-shaped fishing inverted beard opening 11, and so on, so that the fishes with different body sizes are classified, and investigation and statistics are facilitated.
Preferably, the lower parts of the two sides of the opening 21 of the containing groove 9 extend horizontally towards opposite directions to form a limiting platform 17, a movable plate 18 is arranged on the limiting platform 17, the two ends of the movable plate 18 are connected with the inner wall of the opening 21 through rotating shafts 19 respectively, so that the movable plate 18 can rotate upwards, the movable plate 18 is blocked by the limiting platform 17 when rotating downwards, and a lifting groove door 20 is arranged on one side of the containing groove 9; when the fishing interval is pulled into the opening 21 of the fishing interval, namely the fishing interval is pulled out of the water, in the pulling process, one of the support frames 1 of the fishing interval jacks up the movable plate 18, the movable plate 18 rotates upwards, the support frame 1 passes through the opening 21 and then is pulled out continuously, so that after the other support frame 1 of the fishing interval jacks up the movable plate 18, the support frame 1 is lapped on the movable plate 18, and as the movable plate 18 is supported by the limit lapping table 17, namely the lapping table 17 plays a role in supporting and limiting, the fishing interval is clamped in the containing groove 9, so that the follow-up support frame 1 can be detached conveniently; when the supporting frame 1 is disassembled, the corresponding net cylinders 4 can be disassembled together, at the moment, fishes in a fishing area slide in the containing groove 9, direct observation is facilitated, after the observation is finished, the lifting type groove door 20 is opened, and the fishes are pushed to the lifting type groove door 20 and are discharged out of the containing groove 9; through the cooperation of fly leaf 18 and holding groove 9, realize braced frame 1 support function, be convenient for put into the fish and hold groove 9, promote the convenience of observing.
Preferably, a fish sliding groove is formed in the outer side of the lifting groove door 20, fish discharged from the lifting groove door 20 directly slide into water through the fish sliding groove and are released, and the operation convenience is further improved.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the tank 9 is at the same level as the top surface of the movable plate 18.
The investigation method of the wetland fish resource investigation device comprises the following steps:
s1, survey sites in the wetland are determined, then a capture ground cage and an operation platform 6 are arranged at each survey site, the capture ground cage is positioned at the water bottom, and the operation platform 6 is positioned on the water surface;
s2, carrying out cage collection and cage release once every 4-24 hours after the ground cage is caught to be launched in the S1 step; the cage collecting and releasing operation is to wind the rope by the winch 8, gradually pull the catching cage out of the water, hang the hook and the branch rope 13 on the hanging ring 12 of the support frame 1 close to the water surface of the catching zone and keep the rope in a tensioned state when pulling out a catching zone to the opening 21, the catching zone is positioned in the containing groove 9, then an investigator carries out dismounting operation on the support frame 1 far from the water surface of the catching zone, separates the support frame 1 from the catching zone, namely the catching zone is in an open state, records and releases the fishes in the catching zone, then repeats the process, records all the fishes in the catching zone, then assembles and releases the catching cage into the water, namely completes one cage collecting and releasing operation; wherein the underwater capturing time of the capture ground cage can be determined according to the historical survey data of the wetland.
Preferably, the cage collecting and releasing operation is performed for 1-3 times; the specific times of cage receiving and releasing operations can be determined according to the historical survey data of the wetland.
The working principle and the working process of the device are as follows: firstly, transversely placing a capture ground cage into water of a wetland point location to be investigated, and sinking the ground cage into the water bottom; the fish enters the fishing area from the left horn-shaped fishing inverted beard opening 7;
after a preset time, the cage is collected and placed, specifically, the cage is collected and placed by winding the rope through the winch 8, the cage is gradually pulled out from the water, when a fishing interval is pulled out to the opening 21, the hanging ring 12 of the support frame 1 close to the water surface of the fishing interval is hung with the hook and the branch rope 13, the rope is kept in a tensioning state, the device is prevented from sliding back into the water, the fishing interval is positioned in the containing groove 9, then an investigator carries out the detaching operation on the support frame 1 far away from the water surface of the fishing interval, specifically, the fastening bolt 16 is firstly screwed and taken down, then the buckle 5 is rotated, the end part of the buckle 5 is far away from the square groove 10, namely, the connecting frame 2 is taken out from the square groove 10, the support frame 1 is separated from the fishing interval, namely, the fishing interval is in an opening state, the fishes in the fishing interval can be observed, Identifying and recording work, and releasing the fish after the work is finished; then repeating the above processes, finishing the recording of all the fishes in the fishing interval, then assembling the catching ground cage and putting the cage back into the water, namely finishing one-time cage collecting and putting operation; and then, completing fish resource investigation work of the wetland plot area according to the same mode for all point positions of the plot area.
The present invention will be further described with reference to examples 1 to 3.
Example 1
The investigation method of the wetland fish resource investigation device comprises the following steps:
s1, survey sites in the wetland are determined, then a capture ground cage and an operation platform 6 are arranged at each survey site, the capture ground cage is positioned at the water bottom, and the operation platform 6 is positioned on the water surface;
s2 and S1, after the catching cage is launched into water for 4 hours, the rope is wound by the winding machine 8, the catching cage is gradually pulled out from the water, when a fishing interval is pulled out to the opening 21, the hanging ring 12 of the support frame 1 close to the water surface of the fishing interval is hung with the hook and the branch rope 13, the rope keeps in a tensioned state, the fishing interval is positioned in the containing groove 9, then an investigator carries out dismounting operation on the support frame 1 far from the water surface of the fishing interval, separates the support frame 1 from the fishing interval, namely the fishing interval is in an open state, records and releases the fishes in the fishing interval, and then the processes are repeated, and the recording of all the fishes in the fishing interval is finished.
Example 2
The investigation method of the wetland fish resource investigation device comprises the following steps:
s1, survey sites in the wetland are determined, then a capture ground cage and an operation platform 6 are arranged at each survey site, the capture ground cage is positioned at the water bottom, and the operation platform 6 is positioned on the water surface;
s2, carrying out cage collecting and releasing operation every 24 hours after the ground cage is captured in the S1 step, wherein the cage collecting and releasing operation is carried out for 3 times; the cage collecting and releasing operation is to wind the rope by the winch 8, gradually pull the catching cage out of the water, hang the hook and the branch rope 13 on the hanging ring 12 of the support frame 1 close to the water surface of the catching zone and keep the rope in a tensioned state when pulling out a catching zone to the opening 21, the catching zone is positioned in the containing groove 9, then an investigator carries out dismounting operation on the support frame 1 far from the water surface of the catching zone, separates the support frame 1 from the catching zone, namely the catching zone is in an open state, records and releases the fishes in the catching zone, then repeats the process, records all the fishes in the catching zone, then assembles and releases the catching cage into the water, namely completes one cage collecting and releasing operation; and after the fish record is completely released in the last cage collecting and releasing operation process, the catching ground cage can be recovered, and the investigation is finished.
Example 3
The investigation method of the wetland fish resource investigation device comprises the following steps:
s1, survey sites in the wetland are determined, then a capture ground cage and an operation platform 6 are arranged at each survey site, the capture ground cage is positioned at the water bottom, and the operation platform 6 is positioned on the water surface;
s2, carrying out cage collecting and releasing operation every 10 hours after the ground cage is captured in the S1 step, wherein the number of the cage collecting and releasing operation is 2; the cage collecting and releasing operation is to wind the rope by the winch 8, gradually pull the catching cage out of the water, hang the hook and the branch rope 13 on the hanging ring 12 of the support frame 1 close to the water surface of the catching zone and keep the rope in a tensioned state when pulling out a catching zone to the opening 21, the catching zone is positioned in the containing groove 9, then an investigator carries out dismounting operation on the support frame 1 far from the water surface of the catching zone, separates the support frame 1 from the catching zone, namely the catching zone is in an open state, records and releases the fishes in the catching zone, then repeats the process, records all the fishes in the catching zone, then assembles and releases the catching cage into the water, namely completes one cage collecting and releasing operation; and after the fish record is completely released in the last cage collecting and releasing operation process, the catching ground cage can be recovered, and the investigation is finished.
Claims (9)
1. A wetland fish resource investigation device comprises a capture ground cage, an operation platform (6), a winch bracket (7), a winch (8) and a containing groove (9), and is characterized in that the capture ground cage comprises a supporting frame (1), a connecting frame (2), a net surface (3), net cylinders (4) and buckles (5), wherein the supporting frame (1) and the connecting frame (2) are square frames, the front and back surfaces of the supporting frame (1) are respectively provided with square grooves (10), the net surface (3) is arranged in the supporting frame (1), the supporting frame (1) is provided with a plurality of supporting frames (1) which are sequentially arranged at equal intervals from left to right, the net cylinders (4) are respectively arranged between two adjacent supporting frames (1), the connecting frames (2) at the two ends of the net cylinders (4) are respectively embedded into the corresponding square grooves (10) of the supporting frame (1), two adjacent supporting frames (1) and a net barrel (4) form a fishing interval, a fishing hole is formed in the center of the supporting frame (1) on the left side of each fishing interval and is connected with the larger end of a horn-shaped fishing inverted whisker port (11), the smaller end of the horn-shaped fishing inverted whisker port (11) is located in the fishing interval, buckles (5) are respectively arranged on the front side and the back side of each supporting frame (1), the buckles (5) clamp the connecting frames (2) in the square grooves (10), and hanging rings (12) are respectively arranged on two sides of each supporting frame (1); the operation platform (6) is arranged on the water surface, the winch support (7) is arranged on the operation platform (6), the winch (8) is arranged at the top of the winch support (7), the containing groove (9) is arranged on the operation platform (6), the containing groove (9) is positioned below the winch (8), openings (21) are respectively arranged at the bottom of the containing groove (9) and on the operation platform (6), and the two openings (21) are corresponding to each other; the rope end of the winch (8) penetrates through the opening (21), the rope end of the winch (8) is provided with two branch ropes (13), the branch ropes (13) correspond to the hanging rings (12) one by one, the end of each branch rope (13) is provided with a hook, and the hook is detachably connected with the corresponding hanging ring (12); the lower part of both sides of opening (21) of holding groove (9) respectively towards relative direction horizontal extension formation spacing platform (17), spacing platform (17) on be equipped with fly leaf (18), the both ends of fly leaf (18) are respectively through pivot (19) and opening (21) inner wall connection, make fly leaf (18) can the upwards rotation, be blocked by spacing platform (17) when fly leaf (18) downwardly rotating, holding groove (9) one side be equipped with over-and-under type groove door (20).
2. The wetland fish resource survey device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support frame (1) has at least two symmetrically arranged buckles (5) on each side.
3. The wetland fish resource investigation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the buckle (5) is a strip structure, the front and back surfaces of the support frame (1) are respectively provided with a fixed shaft (14), the buckle (5) is sleeved on the fixed shaft (14), the end of the fixed shaft (14) is fixedly provided with a limit end cover (15), the middle part of the buckle (5) is detachably connected with the support frame (1) through a fastening bolt (16), and the end of the buckle (5) covers the notch of the square groove (10), so that the buckle (5) clamps the connection frame (2) in the square groove (10).
4. The wetland fish resource survey device according to claim 3, characterized in that the snap (5) covers half of the notch of the square groove (10).
5. The wetland fish resource survey device according to claim 1, wherein there are at least two fishing intervals.
6. The wetland fish resource survey device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameters of the smaller ends of the trumpet-shaped fishing inverted beards (11) in the fishing intervals arranged from left to right are sequentially reduced.
7. The wetland fish resource survey device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom surface of the holding tank (9) and the top surface of the movable plate (18) are at the same horizontal position.
8. The method for investigating the wetland fish resource survey device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, survey sites in the wetland are determined, then a capture ground cage and an operation platform (6) are arranged at each survey site, the capture ground cage is positioned at the water bottom, and the operation platform (6) is positioned on the water surface;
s2, carrying out cage collection and cage release once every 4-24 hours after the ground cage is caught to be launched in the S1 step; the cage collecting and releasing operation is to wind the rope by a winch (8), gradually pull the catching cage out of the water, hang a hook and a branch rope (13) on a hanging ring (12) of a support frame (1) close to the water surface of the catching interval when the catching interval is pulled out to an opening (21) and keep the rope in a tensioned state, locate the catching interval in a containing groove (9), then an investigator carries out disassembling operation on the support frame (1) far away from the water surface of the catching interval, separates the support frame (1) from the catching interval, namely the catching interval is in an open state, records and releases the fishes in the catching interval, then repeats the process, finishes recording all the fishes in the catching interval, assembles the catching cage and releases the catching cage into the water, and finishes one-time cage collecting and releasing operation.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the cage-closing and cage-releasing operations are performed 1-3 times.
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| CN112237171B true CN112237171B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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| CN116548404A (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-08-08 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Fish community diversity investigation collection system |
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