CN112237120B

CN112237120B - Shaping technology cultivation mode of Y-shaped pinaga ananas comosus

Info

Publication number: CN112237120B
Application number: CN202011313936.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘海刚; 孟富宣; 段元杰; 方海东; 孔维喜; 孙漫莹; 陈云光
Original assignee: RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL ECO-AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES YUNAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL ECO-AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES YUNAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2020-11-20
Filing date: 2020-11-20
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-20
Also published as: CN112237120A

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaping technical cultivation mode of 'Y' -shaped ananas comosus, the plant row spacing is calibrated according to 1.5m multiplied by 3m, the trunk is reserved with 40 cm-50 cm, 1 strip with 100cm length is respectively reserved on two sides of the vertical row, the angle between the trunk and the trunk is 135 degrees, the Y-shaped ananas comosus branch is shaped into a 'Y' -shaped tree, and 10-12 secondary pile heads which grow upwards and are uniformly distributed are reserved on the primary branch. The tree-shaped tree is in a Y shape, 3 times of pruning are carried out every year, the tree-shaped structure is relatively simple, and the pruning technology is simple and easy to learn; and a Y-shaped tree form is adopted, only 2 branches are left in each trunk, the directions and angles of the branches are easier to control, the spatial distribution of the branches is extremely standard, the water and nutrition supply is balanced, and the balanced development of the tree body is facilitated, so that the problems that the trimming technology requirement is high, the training difficulty of a producer is high, the balanced development of the tree body is difficult to control are solved, and the yield per unit area and the fruit quality are greatly improved.

Description

Shaping technology cultivation mode of Y-shaped pinaga ananas comosus

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shaping of ananas comosus, in particular to a cultivation mode of a Y-shaped ananas comosus shaping technology.

Background

The custard apple is a perennial fruit tree of custard apple family, the custard apple belongs to the genus annona, the custard apple variety has large fruit (the maximum single fruit weight can reach 1500 g), more thick flesh juice, less seeds, rich nutrition, good flavor and high sweetness (the total sugar content reaches 20-25%), and because the custard apple has good quality and good flavor, has the flavors of tropical fruits such as pineapple, guava and the like, is favored by consumers and has high selling price, and the market at present has insufficient supply.

The germination capacity of the new note of the sakyamura ananaschii is strong, the growth speed of the new note is high, at least 3-4 times of pruning are carried out in the annual production process, if the annual production is carried out in a sightseeing orchard, 7-8 times of pruning are needed, including flower-promoting pruning and dense, weak and diseased branch pruning, the pruning technical requirement is high, the training cost of technical workers is high, and the training difficulty is high; moreover, the growth vigor of the custard apple is vigorous, the requirement on the growth space is higher, and the maximum yield and benefit cannot be realized by the prior production technology.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a cultivation mode of the Y-shaped cushaw apple shaping technology, the tree structure is relatively simple, the pruning technology is simple and easy to learn, the Y-shaped tree form is adopted, only 2 branches are left in each trunk, the branch directions and angles are easy to control, the branch space distribution is extremely standard, the water and nutrition supply is balanced, the balanced development of the tree body is facilitated, and the yield per unit area and the fruit quality are greatly improved.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: a shaping technique for cultivating 'Y' -shaped pinaga ananas comosus comprises the following steps:

(1) Selecting a garden place: selecting flat lands or horizontal step lands in tropical and subtropical regions, wherein the pH value of the soil is sandy loam, gravelly loam and red loam of 5.5-6.5;

(2) Land preparation and planting planning: clearing weeds, sundries, stones and the like which hinder cultivation in the garden, deeply turning the garden, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after insolation for one month, determining the downwind direction (generally the north-south direction) as the planting row direction, scaling according to the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 3m, digging planting ditches, separately stacking surface soil and bottom soil during digging holes, returning soil in the previous month of planting, then adding fertilizers, and backfilling the bottom soil to the upper layer;

(3) Planting: the seedlings are planted by adopting 1-2-year-old grafting nutrition bag seedlings, the planting time is 2-3 months per year, the seedlings are cut short before planting, the tender tips are cut off, the seedling height is kept at 40-50 cm, and 5-6 blades with tender and fat tops are removed;

(4) Fertilizing: 5kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of calcium superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer are applied to 1-2-year-old young trees each year, 15kg of organic fertilizer, 500g of urea, 500g of calcium superphosphate, 1500g of compound fertilizer and 200g of trace element fertilizer are applied to each plant of 3-4-year-old fruiting trees each year;

(5) Water content management: when in flowering and pollination, except for keeping soil moist, if the climate is dry, crown water spraying is carried out at 4 to 5 pm in the full-bloom period, air humidity is increased, so as to be beneficial to flower development, the pollination fruit setting rate is improved, watering is carried out in time before and after germination to the flowering period, the young sprout growth and young fruit expansion period, the rapid expansion period, the fruit picking period and the dormancy period, and the watering amount is based on the soil which is wet and penetrates through the main root system distribution layer;

(6) Shaping saplings: after the sprouts of the seedlings germinate, respectively selecting and reserving 1 primary branch with vigorous growth vigor and basically consistent growth vigor at two sides in a vertical row direction, cutting off redundant branches, if the difference of the growth vigor of the selected primary branches is slightly large or the angle is not proper, correcting branches by branch pulling and branch hanging to obtain the consistent angles and growth vigors of two primary branches, keeping a 135-degree angle between the primary branches and a main trunk, keeping a 90-degree angle between the two primary branches, pinching when the primary branches grow to 100cm, and integrating into a Y-shaped tree form, after the leaves of branch tips are aged, keeping 1 upward secondary branch at intervals of 4-5 cm, removing 1 leaf at intervals of 4-5 cm, keeping 1 upward secondary branch at intervals of 8-10 cm when the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, cutting the branches into 6-8 cm pile heads, slightly thinning the rest branches from the base parts, and enabling the primary branches to be in a comb shape;

(7) Pruning a fruiting tree: pruning fruiters mainly for 3 times, wherein 1 st time is carried out after picking fruits, excessive dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm are thinned from bases, robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm are reserved, 2-4 nodes are reserved and retracted to pile heads, 2 nd pruning is carried out in combination with production period adjustment, 1 middle spring tip which grows vertically is reserved every other pile head, the growing spring tips grow enough and are about 5-7 cm for short cutting, 2-3 top leaves are removed, all excessive dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches are thinned from the bases, all flowers and summer fruits are thinned, one year of trees only bear one batch of fruits, 3 rd time is carried out in combination with thinning fruits, the middle and lower summer tips and empty branches are uniformly thinned from the bases, the fruiters are thinned at the positions of 2-4 cm above the fruit stalks, deformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits are thinned, and 1 fruit at most is reserved in each fruit stalk; thinning over dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the tree crown summer tips, reserving about 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer tips which are uniformly distributed and fully developed for the tree crown;

(8) Pollination: after 2 nd pruning of the custard apple, the new bud germinates and starts to bloom after about 1 month, and then artificial pollination is carried out;

(9) Fruit bagging: the custard apple is bagged after thinning fruit, one bag is one fruit, and the bag is not taken before picking.

Preferably, in the step (2), the garden is completely and deeply ploughed by 0.8-1.0 m, planting furrows with the width and the depth of 0.8m multiplied by 0.6m are dug, then the fertilizers are fully mixed and returned to the middle layer according to the standard of 20kg of farmyard manure, 2kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer per plant, the subsoil returns to the upper layer and is filled to the position 10-20cm higher than the ground, and the field planting can be carried out after the soil is sunk in a soil disk for about 30 days.

Preferably, after planting, the root fixing water is immediately watered thoroughly in the step (3), and then the watering amount is supplemented once every 3 days, the watering amount is not too much, the watering frequency and the watering amount after the seedling sprout germination are determined according to the climate condition on the basis of the humidity of the planting ditch, and the soil is kept moist.

Preferably, in the step (4), the organic fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer are applied to the young trees growing for 1 to 2 years in spring at one time, the urea is applied by a dropper after the young trees grow late for 4 months, 6 months and 9 months respectively to promote the growth of tree vigor and the formation of tree crowns, the organic fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer are applied by a dropper after the 1 st pruning, and the urea and the trace element fertilizer are applied by a dropper after the second pruning and the fruit expanding period respectively.

Preferably, in the step (8), artificial pollination is performed from 18:00 to 22:00 in the evening, pollen is directly taken from the flower with the anther naturally cracked by using a soft brush pen, and the pollen is immediately pollinated to the stigma of the slightly opened or semi-opened flower of the petal for 15-20 days.

Preferably, the bagging in the step (9) adopts a light-tight double-layer kraft paper bag, so that bright and beautiful fruits are kept.

The invention has provided a ' Y ' shape pineapple sakya's shaping technical cultivation mode, the invention adopts the ' Y ' tree form, only keep two first class branches, the second class branch only keeps 6-8 pile heads, the bearing tree, while pruning 1 st every year, except first class branch and second class pile head, dredge other branches from the base, only need to rely on visual sense to discriminate the robust branch that is thicker than the little finger and retract and keep 1-2 cm, the operation is extremely simple, for the ordinary producer, only need simple explanation can accept; the tree structure is simple, the branches are relatively few, the first pruning technology of the fruiting tree every year is very simple, the pruning for 2 nd and 3 rd times is easy, technicians and common producers can quickly master and accept the tree structure, the pruning technology difficulty and the training difficulty for the producers are greatly reduced, the production cost is saved, the Y-shaped tree form is adopted, only 2 branches are left in each trunk, the branch directions and angles are easy to control, the branch spatial distribution is very standard, the water and nutrition supply is balanced, the balanced development of the tree body is facilitated, the mechanical damage of the branches caused by the fact that the spatial distribution of the branches is difficult to standard or the branches are excessively corrected when the branches are too wrong and the angles are wrong is avoided, the problem that the mechanical damage of the branches causes unbalanced development is solved, the technical requirement for pruning is high, the training difficulty for the producers is high, and the balanced development of the tree body is difficult to control is solved, and the yield per unit area and the fruit quality are greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a cultivation mode of shaping technique for cushaw shaped like the letter "Y" includes the following steps:

(1) Garden selection: selecting sandy loam, gravelly loam and red loam with the soil pH value of 5.5-6.5 in flat lands or horizontal step lands in tropical and subtropical regions;

(3) Planting: planting the seedlings by adopting a 1-2-year-old grafting nutrition bag seedling, wherein the planting time is 2-3 months per year, cutting the seedlings into short sections before planting, cutting off tender tips, keeping the seedling height at 40-50 cm, and removing 5-6 leaves with tender and fat tops;

(7) Pruning a fruiting tree: pruning fruiting trees mainly for 3 times, wherein 1 time is carried out after fruit picking, removing over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm from a base, keeping robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm, retracting 2-4 nodes to a pile head, carrying out 2 times of pruning in combination with production period adjustment, keeping 1 vertically-growing middle spring tip every other pile head, keeping the fully-developed spring tip about 5-7 cm for short cutting, removing 2-3 top leaves, removing all over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base, removing all flowers and summer fruits, enabling the trees to fruit one batch in one year, carrying out 3 times of pruning in combination with fruit removing, uniformly removing middle, lower summer tips and empty branches from the base, enabling fruiting branches to be short at the position of 2-4 cm above a fruit stalk, removing malformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits, and keeping 1 fruit at most per fruit stalk; thinning dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the crown summer shoots, reserving about 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer shoots which are uniformly distributed and fully developed on the crown;

(9) Fruit bagging: the custard apple is bagged after the thinning fruit is trimmed, and the bag is not taken before picking.

The first embodiment is as follows:

a shaping technique for cultivating 'Y' -shaped 'pineapple' cushaw includes the following steps:

firstly, selecting flat lands or horizontal step lands in tropical and subtropical regions, sandy loam, gravelly loam and laterite with the soil pH value of 5.5-6.5; then, removing weeds, sundries, stones and the like which hinder cultivation in the garden, deeply turning the garden, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after insolation for one month, determining the downwind direction (generally the north-south direction) as the planting row direction, scaling according to the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 3m, digging planting ditches, separately stacking surface soil and bottom soil during digging holes, returning soil in the previous month of planting, then adding fertilizers, and backfilling the bottom soil to the upper layer; then, the seedlings are planted in 1-2-year-old grafting nutrition bag seedlings for 2-3 months each year, the seedlings are cut short before planting, tender tips are cut off, the height of the seedlings is kept between 40cm and 50cm, and 5-6 leaves with tender and fat tops are removed; then 5kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of calcium superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer are applied to 1-2-year-old young trees each year, 15kg of organic fertilizer, 500g of urea, 500g of calcium superphosphate, 1500g of compound fertilizer and 200g of trace element fertilizer are applied to each plant of 3-4-year-old fruiting trees each year; then, when flowering and pollinating, in addition to keeping soil moist, if the climate is dry, crown water spraying is carried out at 4-5 pm in the full-bloom period, air humidity is increased, so as to be beneficial to flower development, the pollination fruit setting rate is improved, watering is carried out in time before and after germination to the flowering period, the young sprout growth and young fruit expansion period, the rapid expansion period, the fruit picking period and the dormancy period, and the watering amount is based on the soil which is wet to penetrate through the main root distribution layer; then after the sprouts of the seedlings germinate, respectively selecting and reserving 1 primary branch with vigorous growth vigor and basically consistent growth vigor at two sides in a vertical row direction, cutting off redundant branches, if the difference of the growth vigor of the selected primary branches is slightly large or the angle is not proper, correcting branches by pulling and hanging branches to obtain the consistent angles and growth vigors of the two primary branches, keeping a 135-degree angle between the primary branches and a main trunk, keeping a 90-degree angle between the two primary branches, pinching when the primary branches grow to 100cm, and integrating into a Y-shaped tree form, after the leaves of branch tips are aged, upwards locating about 10cm away from the main trunk, removing 1 leaf at intervals of 4-5 cm, when the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, keeping 1 upwards-grown secondary branch at intervals of 8-10 cm, cutting the second branch into 6-8 cm pile heads, slightly thinning the rest branches from the base, and enabling the primary branches to be in a comb shape; then fruit bearing tree pruning is mainly carried out for 3 times, 1 st time is carried out after fruit picking, excessive dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm are thinned from the base, robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm are reserved, 2-4 nodes are reserved and retracted to the pile heads, 2 nd time pruning is carried out in combination with production period adjustment, 1 middle spring tip which grows vertically is reserved every other pile head, the growing spring tip grows to be about 5-7 cm and is shortened, 2-3 top leaves are removed, all excessive dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches are thinned from the base, all flowers and summer fruits are thinned, the tree body is enabled to bear one batch of fruits one year, 3 rd time is carried out in combination with fruit thinning, the middle summer tips, the lower summer tips and the empty branches are uniformly thinned from the base, the bearing branches are thinned from the 2-4 cm above the fruit stalks, deformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits are thinned, and 1 fruit at most is reserved in each fruit stalk; thinning over dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the tree crown summer tips, reserving about 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer tips which are uniformly distributed and fully developed for the tree crown; after the 2 nd pruning, the new buds start to bloom after about 1 month of germination and then are pollinated manually; then, the fruits are bagged after thinning and trimming, one bag is used for one fruit, and the bag is not taken before picking.

Example two:

in one embodiment, the following steps are added:

in the step (2), the garden is fully and completely turned to 0.8m to 1.0m deeply, planting furrows with the width and the depth of 0.8m x 0.6m are dug, then according to the standard of 20kg of farmyard manure, 2kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer of each plant, the fertilizer is fully mixed and returned to the middle layer, the bottom soil is returned to the upper layer and filled to 10-20cm higher than the ground, and the field planting can be carried out after the soil disk sinks for about 30 days.

Firstly, selecting flat lands or horizontal step lands in tropical and subtropical regions, sandy loam, gravelly loam and laterite with the soil pH value of 5.5-6.5; then removing weeds, sundries, stones and the like which hinder cultivation in the garden, turning the garden deeply, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after insolation for one month, determining a downwind direction (generally a north-south direction) as a planting row direction, scaling according to the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 3m, digging planting ditches, piling surface soil and bottom soil separately during digging holes, returning soil in the previous month for planting, then adding fertilizers, backfilling the bottom soil to the upper layer, fully and deeply turning 0.8m to 1.0m of the garden fully, digging planting ditches with the width and the depth of 0.8m to 0.6m, then fully mixing the fertilizers with 2kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5kg of compound fertilizers according to the standard of each plant of 20kg of farmyard fertilizers, returning the fertilizers to the middle layer, returning the bottom soil to the upper layer, filling the fertilizers to the ground for 10-20cm, and sinking for planting after 30 days; then, the seedlings are planted in 1-2-year-old grafting nutrition bag seedlings for 2-3 months each year, the seedlings are cut short before planting, tender tips are cut off, the height of the seedlings is kept between 40cm and 50cm, and 5-6 leaves with tender and fat tops are removed; then 5kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of calcium superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer are applied to 1-2-year-old young trees each year, 15kg of organic fertilizer, 500g of urea, 500g of calcium superphosphate, 1500g of compound fertilizer and 200g of trace element fertilizer are applied to each plant of 3-4-year-old fruiting trees each year; then, when flowering and pollinating, in addition to keeping soil moist, if the climate is dry, crown water spraying is carried out at 4 to 5 pm in the full-bloom period, air humidity is increased, so as to be beneficial to flower development, the pollination and fruit setting rate is improved, watering is carried out in time before and after germination until the flowering period, the young sprout growth and young fruit expansion period, the rapid expansion period, the fruit picking period and the dormancy period, and the watering amount is based on the soil which is wet and penetrates through the main root system distribution layer; then after the sprouts of the seedlings germinate, respectively selecting and reserving 1 primary branch with vigorous growth vigor and basically consistent growth vigor at two sides in the vertical row direction, shearing off redundant branches, if the growth vigor difference of the selected primary branches is slightly larger or the angle is not proper, correcting branches by pulling and hanging branches to obtain the consistent angle and growth vigor of the two primary branches, keeping a 135-degree angle between the primary branches and a main trunk, keeping a 90-degree angle between the two primary branches, pinching when the primary branches grow to 100cm, and shaping into a Y-shaped tree form, after the leaves of branch tips are aged, upwards moving at a position about 10cm away from the main trunk, removing 1 leaf at intervals of 4-5 cm, when the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, keeping 1 upward secondary branch at intervals of 8-10 cm, cutting the secondary branches into 6-8 cm pile heads, slightly thinning the rest branches from the base, and enabling the primary branches to be in a comb shape; then fruit bearing tree pruning is mainly carried out for 3 times, the 1 st time is carried out after fruit picking, over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm are removed from a base, robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm are reserved, 2-4 nodes are retracted to pile heads, the 2 nd time pruning is carried out in combination with production period adjustment, 1 middle spring tip which grows vertically is reserved every other pile head, the growing spring tip is kept for about 5-7 cm to be cut, 2-3 leaves at the top end are removed, all over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches are removed from the base, all flowers and summer fruits are removed, the tree body is enabled to bear one batch of fruits in one year, the 3 rd time is carried out in combination with fruit thinning, the middle and lower summer tips and empty branches are uniformly removed from the base, the bearing branches are shortened at the position of 2-4 cm above a fruit stalk, malformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits are removed, and 1 fruit is reserved at most in each fruit stalk; thinning over dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the tree crown summer tips, reserving about 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer tips which are uniformly distributed and fully developed for the tree crown; after the 2 nd pruning, the new buds begin to bloom after about 1 month of germination and then are pollinated manually; then, the fruits are bagged after thinning and trimming, one bag is used for one fruit, and the bag is not taken before picking.

Example three:

in example two, the following steps were added:

and (4) immediately watering the root-fixing water after planting in the step (3), and then supplementing the root-fixing water once every 3 days, wherein the watering amount is not excessive, the watering frequency and the watering amount after the sprout of the seedling sprouts depend on the climate condition on the basis of the humidity of the planting ditch, and the soil is kept to be moist.

Firstly, selecting flat lands or horizontal step lands in tropical and subtropical regions, sandy loam, gravelly loam and laterite with the soil pH value of 5.5-6.5; then removing weeds, sundries, stones and the like which hinder cultivation in the garden, deeply turning the garden, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after insolating for one month, determining a downwind direction (generally a north-south direction) as a planting row direction, scaling according to a row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 3m, digging planting furrows, piling surface soil and bottom soil separately during digging holes, performing soil reclamation in the previous month, then adding fertilizers, backfilling the bottom soil to the upper layer, fully and deeply turning the garden 0.8m to 1.0m, digging planting furrows with the width and the depth of 0.8m multiplied by 0.6m respectively, then fully and uniformly mixing fertilizers according to the standards of 20kg of farmyard manure, 2kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5kg of compound fertilizers, returning the bottom soil to the upper layer, filling the fertilizer to a soil pan higher than the ground by 10-20cm, and performing field planting after 30 days, and then returning the bottom soil to a soil pan for planting; then, the seedlings are planted by adopting 1-2-year-old grafting nutrition bag seedlings, the planting time is 2-3 months per year, the seedlings are cut short before planting, the tender tips are cut off, the height of the seedlings is kept between 40cm and 50cm, 5-6 leaves with tender and thick tops are removed, root fixing water is immediately poured after planting, the seedlings are watered again every 3 days, the watering amount is not excessive, the humidity of a planting ditch is taken as a criterion, the watering frequency and the watering amount of the seedlings after new sprouts germinate are determined according to the climate condition, and the soil is kept moist; then 5kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of calcium superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer need to be applied to 1-2-year-old young trees each year, 15kg of organic fertilizer, 500g of urea, 500g of calcium superphosphate, 1500g of compound fertilizer and 200g of trace element fertilizer need to be applied to each plant of 3-4-year-old fruiting trees each year; then, when flowering and pollinating, in addition to keeping soil moist, if the climate is dry, crown water spraying is carried out at 4-5 pm in the full-bloom period, air humidity is increased, so as to be beneficial to flower development, the pollination fruit setting rate is improved, watering is carried out in time before and after germination to the flowering period, the young sprout growth and young fruit expansion period, the rapid expansion period, the fruit picking period and the dormancy period, and the watering amount is based on the soil which is wet to penetrate through the main root distribution layer; then after the sprouts of the seedlings germinate, respectively selecting and reserving 1 primary branch with vigorous growth vigor and basically consistent growth vigor at two sides in a vertical row direction, cutting off redundant branches, if the difference of the growth vigor of the selected primary branches is slightly large or the angle is not proper, correcting branches by pulling and hanging branches to obtain the consistent angles and growth vigors of the two primary branches, keeping a 135-degree angle between the primary branches and a main trunk, keeping a 90-degree angle between the two primary branches, pinching when the primary branches grow to 100cm, and integrating into a Y-shaped tree form, after the leaves of branch tips are aged, upwards locating about 10cm away from the main trunk, removing 1 leaf at intervals of 4-5 cm, when the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, keeping 1 upwards-grown secondary branch at intervals of 8-10 cm, cutting the second branch into 6-8 cm pile heads, slightly thinning the rest branches from the base, and enabling the primary branches to be in a comb shape; then fruit bearing tree pruning is mainly carried out for 3 times, the 1 st time is carried out after fruit picking, over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm are removed from a base, robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm are reserved, 2-4 nodes are retracted to pile heads, the 2 nd time pruning is carried out in combination with production period adjustment, 1 middle spring tip which grows vertically is reserved every other pile head, the growing spring tip is kept for about 5-7 cm to be cut, 2-3 leaves at the top end are removed, all over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches are removed from the base, all flowers and summer fruits are removed, the tree body is enabled to bear one batch of fruits in one year, the 3 rd time is carried out in combination with fruit thinning, the middle and lower summer tips and empty branches are uniformly removed from the base, the bearing branches are shortened at the position of 2-4 cm above a fruit stalk, malformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits are removed, and 1 fruit is reserved at most in each fruit stalk; thinning over dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the tree crown summer tips, reserving about 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer tips which are uniformly distributed and fully developed for the tree crown; after the 2 nd pruning, the new buds begin to bloom after about 1 month of germination and then are pollinated manually; then, the fruits are bagged after thinning and trimming, one bag is used for one fruit, and the bag is not taken before picking.

Example four:

in example three, the following steps were added:

in the step (4), organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and compound fertilizer are applied to the young trees of 1-2 years old in spring at one time, urea is applied by a dropper after young trees of 4, 6 and 9 months old respectively to promote the growth of tree vigor and the formation of tree crowns, organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and compound fertilizer are applied by a dropper after 1 pruning of the young trees of 3-4 years old, and urea and trace element fertilizer are applied by a dropper after the young trees of the second pruning and the fruit expanding period.

Firstly, selecting flat lands or horizontal step lands in tropical and subtropical regions, sandy loam, gravelly loam and laterite with the soil pH value of 5.5-6.5; then removing weeds, sundries, stones and the like which hinder cultivation in the garden, turning the garden deeply, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after insolation for one month, determining a downwind direction (generally a north-south direction) as a planting row direction, scaling according to the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 3m, digging planting ditches, piling surface soil and bottom soil separately during digging holes, returning soil in the previous month for planting, then adding fertilizers, backfilling the bottom soil to the upper layer, fully and deeply turning 0.8m to 1.0m of the garden fully, digging planting ditches with the width and the depth of 0.8m to 0.6m, then fully mixing the fertilizers with 2kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5kg of compound fertilizers according to the standard of each plant of 20kg of farmyard fertilizers, returning the fertilizers to the middle layer, returning the bottom soil to the upper layer, filling the fertilizers to the ground for 10-20cm, and sinking for planting after 30 days; then, the seedlings are planted by adopting 1-2-year-old grafting nutrition bag seedlings, the planting time is 2-3 months per year, the seedlings are cut short before planting, the tender tips are cut off, the height of the seedlings is kept between 40cm and 50cm, 5-6 leaves with tender and thick tops are removed, root fixing water is immediately poured after planting, the seedlings are watered again every 3 days, the watering amount is not excessive, the humidity of a planting ditch is taken as a criterion, the watering frequency and the watering amount of the seedlings after new sprouts germinate are determined according to the climate condition, and the soil is kept moist; then 5kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of calcium superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer need to be applied to each young tree of 1-2 years of growth each year, 15kg of organic fertilizer, 500g of urea, 500g of calcium superphosphate, 1500g of compound fertilizer and 200g of microelement fertilizer need to be applied to each tree of 3-4 years of bearing trees each year, the organic fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer are applied in one step in spring, the urea is applied by a burette after the young trees grow old in 4, 6 and 9 months respectively to promote the growth of tree vigor and the formation of tree crowns, the organic fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer are applied in one step after the 1 st pruning of the 3-4 years of growth trees, and the urea and the microelement fertilizer are applied by the burette after the second pruning and the burette after the fruit expansion period respectively; then, when flowering and pollinating, in addition to keeping soil moist, if the climate is dry, crown water spraying is carried out at 4-5 pm in the full-bloom period, air humidity is increased, so as to be beneficial to flower development, the pollination fruit setting rate is improved, watering is carried out in time before and after germination to the flowering period, the young sprout growth and young fruit expansion period, the rapid expansion period, the fruit picking period and the dormancy period, and the watering amount is based on the soil which is wet to penetrate through the main root distribution layer; then after the sprouts of the seedlings germinate, respectively selecting and reserving 1 primary branch with vigorous growth vigor and basically consistent growth vigor at two sides in a vertical row direction, cutting off redundant branches, if the difference of the growth vigor of the selected primary branches is slightly large or the angle is not proper, correcting branches by pulling and hanging branches to obtain the consistent angles and growth vigors of the two primary branches, keeping a 135-degree angle between the primary branches and a main trunk, keeping a 90-degree angle between the two primary branches, pinching when the primary branches grow to 100cm, and integrating into a Y-shaped tree form, after the leaves of branch tips are aged, upwards locating about 10cm away from the main trunk, removing 1 leaf at intervals of 4-5 cm, when the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, keeping 1 upwards-grown secondary branch at intervals of 8-10 cm, cutting the second branch into 6-8 cm pile heads, slightly thinning the rest branches from the base, and enabling the primary branches to be in a comb shape; then fruit bearing tree pruning is mainly carried out for 3 times, the 1 st time is carried out after fruit picking, over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm are removed from a base, robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm are reserved, 2-4 nodes are retracted to pile heads, the 2 nd time pruning is carried out in combination with production period adjustment, 1 middle spring tip which grows vertically is reserved every other pile head, the growing spring tip is kept for about 5-7 cm to be cut, 2-3 leaves at the top end are removed, all over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches are removed from the base, all flowers and summer fruits are removed, the tree body is enabled to bear one batch of fruits in one year, the 3 rd time is carried out in combination with fruit thinning, the middle and lower summer tips and empty branches are uniformly removed from the base, the bearing branches are shortened at the position of 2-4 cm above a fruit stalk, malformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits are removed, and 1 fruit is reserved at most in each fruit stalk; thinning dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the crown summer shoots, reserving about 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer shoots which are uniformly distributed and fully developed on the crown; after the 2 nd pruning, the new buds begin to bloom after about 1 month of germination and then are pollinated manually; then, the fruits are bagged after thinning and trimming, one bag is used for one fruit, and the bag is not taken before picking.

Example five:

in example four, the following steps were added:

and (3) performing artificial pollination in the evening from 18 to 00 at night 22, directly taking pollen from the flower with the anther naturally cracked by using a soft brush, immediately pollinating the stigma of the slightly opened or semi-opened flower with petals for 15-20 days, and continuously pollinating for 15-20 days.

Firstly, selecting flat lands or horizontal step lands in tropical and subtropical regions, sandy loam, gravelly loam and red loam with the soil pH value of 5.5-6.5; then removing weeds, sundries, stones and the like which hinder cultivation in the garden, turning the garden deeply, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after insolation for one month, determining a downwind direction (generally a north-south direction) as a planting row direction, scaling according to the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 3m, digging planting ditches, piling surface soil and bottom soil separately during digging holes, returning soil in the previous month for planting, then adding fertilizers, backfilling the bottom soil to the upper layer, fully and deeply turning 0.8m to 1.0m of the garden fully, digging planting ditches with the width and the depth of 0.8m to 0.6m, then fully mixing the fertilizers with 2kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5kg of compound fertilizers according to the standard of each plant of 20kg of farmyard fertilizers, returning the fertilizers to the middle layer, returning the bottom soil to the upper layer, filling the fertilizers to the ground for 10-20cm, and sinking for planting after 30 days; then, the seedlings are planted by adopting 1-2-year-old grafting nutrition bag seedlings, the planting time is 2-3 months per year, the seedlings are cut short before planting, the tender tips are cut off, the height of the seedlings is kept between 40cm and 50cm, 5-6 leaves with tender and thick tops are removed, root fixing water is immediately poured after planting, the seedlings are watered again every 3 days, the watering amount is not excessive, the humidity of a planting ditch is taken as a criterion, the watering frequency and the watering amount of the seedlings after new sprouts germinate are determined according to the climate condition, and the soil is kept moist; then 5kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of calcium superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer need to be applied to 1-2-year-old young trees each year, 15kg of organic fertilizer, 500g of urea, 500g of calcium superphosphate, 1500g of compound fertilizer and 200g of trace element fertilizer need to be applied to each plant of 3-4-year-old fruiting trees each year, the organic fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer are applied in one time in spring, the urea is applied by a dropper after 4, 6 and 9 months of young tip aging respectively to promote the growth of tree vigor and the formation of tree crowns, the organic fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer are applied in one time after 1-time pruning, and the urea and the trace element fertilizer are applied by a dropper after the second pruning and the fruit expanding period respectively; then, when flowering and pollinating, in addition to keeping soil moist, if the climate is dry, crown water spraying is carried out at 4 to 5 pm in the full-bloom period, air humidity is increased, so as to be beneficial to flower development, the pollination and fruit setting rate is improved, watering is carried out in time before and after germination until the flowering period, the young sprout growth and young fruit expansion period, the rapid expansion period, the fruit picking period and the dormancy period, and the watering amount is based on the soil which is wet and penetrates through the main root system distribution layer; then after the sprouts of the seedlings germinate, respectively selecting and reserving 1 primary branch with vigorous growth vigor and basically consistent growth vigor at two sides in a vertical row direction, cutting off redundant branches, if the difference of the growth vigor of the selected primary branches is slightly large or the angle is not proper, correcting branches by pulling and hanging branches to obtain the consistent angles and growth vigors of the two primary branches, keeping a 135-degree angle between the primary branches and a main trunk, keeping a 90-degree angle between the two primary branches, pinching when the primary branches grow to 100cm, and integrating into a Y-shaped tree form, after the leaves of branch tips are aged, upwards locating about 10cm away from the main trunk, removing 1 leaf at intervals of 4-5 cm, when the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, keeping 1 upwards-grown secondary branch at intervals of 8-10 cm, cutting the second branch into 6-8 cm pile heads, slightly thinning the rest branches from the base, and enabling the primary branches to be in a comb shape; then fruit bearing tree pruning is mainly carried out for 3 times, the 1 st time is carried out after fruit picking, over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm are removed from a base, robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm are reserved, 2-4 nodes are retracted to pile heads, the 2 nd time pruning is carried out in combination with production period adjustment, 1 middle spring tip which grows vertically is reserved every other pile head, the growing spring tip is kept for about 5-7 cm to be cut, 2-3 leaves at the top end are removed, all over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches are removed from the base, all flowers and summer fruits are removed, the tree body is enabled to bear one batch of fruits in one year, the 3 rd time is carried out in combination with fruit thinning, the middle and lower summer tips and empty branches are uniformly removed from the base, the bearing branches are shortened at the position of 2-4 cm above a fruit stalk, malformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits are removed, and 1 fruit is reserved at most in each fruit stalk; thinning over dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the tree crown summer tips, reserving about 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer tips which are uniformly distributed and fully developed for the tree crown; after the 2 nd pruning, the new buds start to bloom after about 1 month and are pollinated manually, the artificial pollination is carried out from 18 ℃ in the evening to 22 ℃ at night, the pollen is directly taken from the flower with the anther naturally cracked by a soft brush pen, the pollen is immediately pollinated to the stigma of the slightly opened or semi-opened flower of the petal, and the pollination is continued for 15 to 20 days; then bagging after thinning fruit, one bag for one fruit, and not taking the bag before picking.

Example six:

in example five, the following steps were added:

and (4) bagging in the step (9) by adopting a lighttight double-layer kraft paper bag, so that the bright and beautiful fruits are kept.

Firstly, selecting flat lands or horizontal step lands in tropical and subtropical regions, sandy loam, gravelly loam and laterite with the soil pH value of 5.5-6.5; then removing weeds, sundries, stones and the like which hinder cultivation in the garden, turning the garden deeply, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after insolation for one month, determining a downwind direction (generally a north-south direction) as a planting row direction, scaling according to the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 3m, digging planting ditches, piling surface soil and bottom soil separately during digging holes, returning soil in the previous month for planting, then adding fertilizers, backfilling the bottom soil to the upper layer, fully and deeply turning 0.8m to 1.0m of the garden fully, digging planting ditches with the width and the depth of 0.8m to 0.6m, then fully mixing the fertilizers with 2kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5kg of compound fertilizers according to the standard of each plant of 20kg of farmyard fertilizers, returning the fertilizers to the middle layer, returning the bottom soil to the upper layer, filling the fertilizers to the ground for 10-20cm, and sinking for planting after 30 days; then the seedlings are planted by adopting 1-2-year-old grafting nutrition bags for 2-3 months each year, the seedlings are cut short before planting, the tender tips are cut off, the height of the seedlings is kept to be 40-50 cm, 5-6 blades with tender and thick tops are removed, root fixing water is immediately poured after planting, the seedlings are re-watered once every 3 days later, the watering amount is not excessive, the humidity of a planting ditch is taken as a reference, the watering frequency and the watering amount of the newly germinated seedlings depend on the weather condition, and the soil is kept to be moist; then 5kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of calcium superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer need to be applied to 1-2-year-old young trees per year, 15kg of organic fertilizer, 500g of urea, 500g of calcium superphosphate, 1500g of compound fertilizer and 200g of trace element fertilizer need to be applied to 3-4-year-old fruiting trees per plant per year, the organic fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer are applied in one step in spring, the urea is applied by a dropper after 4, 6 and 9 months of young tip aging respectively to promote tree vigor growth and crown formation, the organic fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer are applied in one step after 1 pruning, and the urea and the trace element fertilizer are applied by the dropper after the second pruning and the dropper during fruit expansion period respectively; then, when flowering and pollinating, in addition to keeping soil moist, if the climate is dry, crown water spraying is carried out at 4 to 5 pm in the full-bloom period, air humidity is increased, so as to be beneficial to flower development, the pollination and fruit setting rate is improved, watering is carried out in time before and after germination until the flowering period, the young sprout growth and young fruit expansion period, the rapid expansion period, the fruit picking period and the dormancy period, and the watering amount is based on the soil which is wet and penetrates through the main root system distribution layer; then after the sprouts of the seedlings germinate, respectively selecting and reserving 1 primary branch with vigorous growth vigor and basically consistent growth vigor at two sides in a vertical row direction, cutting off redundant branches, if the difference of the growth vigor of the selected primary branches is slightly large or the angle is not proper, correcting branches by pulling and hanging branches to obtain the consistent angles and growth vigors of the two primary branches, keeping a 135-degree angle between the primary branches and a main trunk, keeping a 90-degree angle between the two primary branches, pinching when the primary branches grow to 100cm, and integrating into a Y-shaped tree form, after the leaves of branch tips are aged, upwards locating about 10cm away from the main trunk, removing 1 leaf at intervals of 4-5 cm, when the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, keeping 1 upwards-grown secondary branch at intervals of 8-10 cm, cutting the second branch into 6-8 cm pile heads, slightly thinning the rest branches from the base, and enabling the primary branches to be in a comb shape; then fruit bearing tree pruning is mainly carried out for 3 times, the 1 st time is carried out after fruit picking, over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm are removed from a base, robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm are reserved, 2-4 nodes are retracted to pile heads, the 2 nd time pruning is carried out in combination with production period adjustment, 1 middle spring tip which grows vertically is reserved every other pile head, the growing spring tip is kept for about 5-7 cm to be cut, 2-3 leaves at the top end are removed, all over-dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches are removed from the base, all flowers and summer fruits are removed, the tree body is enabled to bear one batch of fruits in one year, the 3 rd time is carried out in combination with fruit thinning, the middle and lower summer tips and empty branches are uniformly removed from the base, the bearing branches are shortened at the position of 2-4 cm above a fruit stalk, malformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits are removed, and 1 fruit is reserved at most in each fruit stalk; thinning dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the crown summer shoots, reserving about 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer shoots which are uniformly distributed and fully developed on the crown; after the 2 nd pruning, the new buds start to bloom after about 1 month and are pollinated manually, the artificial pollination is carried out from 18 ℃ in the evening to 22 ℃ at night, the pollen is directly taken from the flower with the anther naturally cracked by a soft brush pen, the pollen is immediately pollinated to the stigma of the slightly opened or semi-opened flower of the petal, and the pollination is continued for 15 to 20 days; and then bagging after fruit thinning and trimming, namely bagging one fruit, wherein the bag is not taken before picking, and the bag is made of light-tight double-layer kraft paper bags to keep the fruits bright and beautiful.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaping technical cultivation mode of ' Y ' -shaped ananas comosus ' sakya is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) Land preparation and planting planning: removing weeds, sundries and stones which are harmful to cultivation in the garden, deeply turning the garden, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after insolating for one month, determining the downwind direction as the planting row direction, scaling according to the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 3m, digging planting ditches, piling surface soil and bottom soil separately during digging holes, returning soil one month before planting, then adding fertilizer, and backfilling the bottom soil to the upper layer;

(4) Fertilizing: 5kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of calcium superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer need to be applied to 1-2-year-old young trees per year, 15kg of organic fertilizer, 500g of urea, 500g of calcium superphosphate, 1500g of compound fertilizer and 200g of trace element fertilizer need to be applied to 3-4-year-old fruiting trees per plant;

(6) Shaping saplings: after the sprouts of the seedlings germinate, respectively selecting and reserving 1 primary branch with vigorous growth vigor and basically consistent growth vigor at two sides in a vertical row direction, shearing off redundant branches, if the difference of the growth vigor of the selected primary branches is slightly large or the angle is not proper, correcting branches by branch pulling and branch hanging to obtain the consistent angles and growth vigors of two primary branches, keeping a 135-degree angle between the primary branches and a main trunk, keeping a 90-degree angle between the two primary branches, pinching when the primary branches grow to 100cm, and integrating into a Y-shaped tree form, after leaf blades of branch tips are aged, upwards locating 10cm away from the main trunk, removing 1 leaf every 4-5 cm, when the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, keeping 1 upwards-grown secondary branch every 8-10 cm, cutting the secondary branches into 6-8 cm pile heads, slightly thinning the rest branches from the base, and enabling the primary branches to be in a comb shape;

(7) Pruning a fruiting tree: pruning fruiters mainly for 3 times, wherein 1 st time is carried out after picking fruits, excessive dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches with the diameter of less than 1cm are thinned from bases, robust branches with the diameter of more than 1cm are reserved, 2-4 nodes are reserved and retracted to pile heads, 2 nd pruning is carried out in combination with production period adjustment, 1 middle spring tip which grows vertically is reserved every other pile head, the fully-developed spring tips are kept for 5-7 cm to be chopped, 2-3 top leaves are removed, all excessive dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches are thinned from the bases, all flowers and summer fruits are thinned, one year of the trees only bear one batch of fruits, 3 rd time is carried out in combination with thinning fruits, the middle and lower summer tips and empty branches are thinned from the bases in a unified mode, the fruiters are thinned at the positions of 2-4 cm above the fruit stalks, malformed fruits, small fruits and redundant fruits are thinned, and the most 1 fruit is reserved in each fruit stalk; thinning over dense branches, insect-disease branches and weak branches from the base of the tree crown summer tips, reserving 30 fruits with standard fruit types and uniform distribution for each plant after fruit thinning and trimming, and reserving 30-40 upright or semi-upright growing summer tips which are uniformly distributed and fully developed for the tree crown;

(8) Pollination: after 2 nd pruning of the custard apple, sprouting new buds, starting to bloom after 1 month, and then pollinating artificially;

2. The cultivation mode of the shaping technology of 'Y' -shaped cushaw as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the garden is completely and deeply ploughed to 0.8-1.0 m, planting furrows with the width and the depth of 0.8m multiplied by 0.6m are dug, then according to the standard of 20kg of farmyard manure, 2kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer for each plant, the fertilizer is fully and uniformly mixed and returned to the middle layer, the bottom soil is returned to the upper layer and is filled to 10-20cm higher than the ground, and the field planting can be carried out after a soil disk sinks in 30 days.

3. The cultivation mode of the shaping technique for ' Y ' -shaped ' sakyamuni of pineapple according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) immediately watering the root fixing water after planting in the step (3), and then supplementing and watering once every 3 days, wherein the watering amount is not excessive, the watering frequency and the watering amount after the seedling sprout is germinated are determined according to the climate condition based on the humidity of the planting ditch, and the soil is kept moist.

4. The cultivation mode of the shaping technique for ' Y ' -shaped ' sakyamuni of pineapple according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and compound fertilizer are applied to the young trees growing for 1-2 years in spring at one time, urea is applied by a dropper after young trees grow late for 4 months, 6 months and 9 months respectively to promote the growth of tree vigor and the formation of tree crowns, organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and compound fertilizer are applied by a dropper after 1 pruning for 3-4 years, and urea and trace element fertilizer are applied by a dropper after the second pruning and the dropper during fruit expansion period respectively.

5. The cultivation mode of the shaping technology of 'Y' -shaped cushaw as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) performing artificial pollination in the step (8) from 18 to 00 nights to 22 nights, directly taking pollen from the flower with the anther naturally cracked by using a soft brush, immediately pollinating the stigma of the slightly opened or semi-opened flower of the petal for 15-20 days, and continuously pollinating for 15-20 days.

6. The cultivation mode of the shaping technology of 'Y' -shaped cushaw as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (4) in the step (9), the bag is sleeved by a light-tight double-layer kraft paper bag, so that the bright and beautiful fruits are kept.