CN112229912A - Three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method - Google Patents
Three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112229912A CN112229912A CN202011102761.XA CN202011102761A CN112229912A CN 112229912 A CN112229912 A CN 112229912A CN 202011102761 A CN202011102761 A CN 202011102761A CN 112229912 A CN112229912 A CN 112229912A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
- G01N27/84—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields by applying magnetic powder or magnetic ink
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
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Abstract
A three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method specifically comprises the following steps: carrying out conventional nondestructive and physicochemical inspection on the three-way component which is easy to generate cracks; appearance inspection of the header and the communicating pipe; mounting of an expansion displacement indicator; processing the connection problem of the tested piece and the eduction tube; and mounting the three displacement indicators and the like. The method can accurately reflect the field condition of the equipment in time, and the judgment of the defect causes is accurate and meets the actual field condition; the production site is convenient to implement, the investment is low, and the effect is quick; the repeated treatment of major equipment defects is effectively avoided, and the safe operation of special pipeline equipment is ensured; the method combines conventional supervision and inspection, pipeline vibration and pipeline expansion, is a practical and effective new method for advanced diagnosis and prediction of defects in advance, and is particularly suitable for new units and pipelines which are operated for 10 ten thousand hours in an accumulated mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermal power generation pipeline maintenance, in particular to a three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method.
Background
According to research, cracks of large-caliber thick-wall boiler headers and pipeline tee joints of various factories occur successively, the large-caliber thick-wall boiler headers and the pipeline tee joints are basically in a frequent passive inspection and repair processing state at present, and the main problems in field implementation comprise: 1. during the startup and operation of the unit, the environment temperature in the large boiler housing is high, and the vibration frequency, the expansion displacement and the dynamic detection of the pipeline support and hanger of the pipeline and the components cannot be carried out; 2. the pipe expansion displacement indicator connecting piece cannot be directly welded on the pipe fitting; 3 the pipeline of the newly-installed unit has uneven stress and large local stress, the pipeline which is operated for nearly 10 ten thousand hours accumulatively is in a low-frequency vibration state for a long time, and fatigue cracks are easily generated in a stress concentration area. At present, no practical and effective supervision method exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for measuring and checking the three-way crack vibration frequency, which is stable, safe and simple and convenient to operate.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and after the boiler is stopped or mediated, carrying out conventional nondestructive and physicochemical inspection on the three-way component which is easy to generate cracks, and determining the safe quality condition. The test methods and test standards were as follows:
and detecting the interior of the welded junction, the nearby base metal and the surface of the elbow by using a digital ultrasonic flaw detector, a portable magnetic detector, a metallographic microscope, a lithium hardness tester, a spectrometer and a thickness gauge, wherein the detection contents comprise the defects of the parts, the micro-structure condition, the hardness, the chemical components and the residual wall thickness.
2. Appearance inspection of header and communication pipe
Checking whether abnormal conditions such as deflection, jamming and fracture, blocked expansion and the like exist in the header and the communicating pipe support hanger; whether the header and the communicating pipe support hanger exist in nearby parts or not is subjected to collision and grinding; and (4) carrying out nondestructive examination and rechecking on the suspected appearance quality.
3. Mounting of expansion displacement indicator
Three expansion displacement indicators are arranged on two sides of a screen through-outlet header and a screen through-inlet header and led out to the positions outside the adjacent side wall large enclosers, and an outlet and an inlet of a communicating pipe are respectively arranged and led out to the top of the large enclosers.
The installation form fundamentally solves the difficult problems that the temperature in the large housing is high and timely detection cannot be carried out after the boiler is started.
4. And (5) processing the connection problem of the tested piece and the eduction tube.
The tested piece and the eduction tube adopt a three-hole short tube clamp connection mode, and the traditional welding mode is avoided, so that the condition of damaging the tee joint and the communicating tube is avoided. The method protects the surface quality of the tee joint and the communicating pipe from being damaged on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data.
5. Mounting of three-phase displacement indicator
The tested piece and the eduction tube adopt three-hole short tube clamps, and the fastening bolts are fastened and rigidly connected; the outlet pipe is directly welded on the three-hole short pipe clamp, three indicator needles outside the large housing are connected with the outlet pipe in a butt-joint welded junction mode, and the three displacement fingers enable the disc to be welded at a fixed position of a nearby steel frame.
So as to ensure the expansion displacement and the tested frequency of the tested piece to be accurate and reliable.
6. Before the boiler is started, the installation quality is checked and accepted, and the detection equipment is positioned at zero point.
7. Detecting the low-frequency vibration frequency in the whole process from the starting of the unit to full load; the medium steam temperature, steam pressure and load side change curves and displacement expansion change. And (4) the far infrared thermometer measures the actual temperature in a sampling mode, and the difference value between the actual temperature and the automatically recorded temperature is found out.
8. And (4) performing pipeline expansion stress accounting.
9. The nondestructive inspection, the physical and chemical inspection, the comprehensive analysis of the expansion displacement and the low-frequency vibration condition are carried out, the main factors causing the three-way crack are found out, and the targeted safety technical measures are made.
10. And (5) summarizing the implementation and acceptance of measures.
Further, the three-way component which is easy to generate cracks is subjected to conventional nondestructive and physicochemical inspection, a penetration detection method is added for nondestructive inspection, opening defects of the welded junction, the base metal and the elbow surface are detected, and safety quality grade evaluation is performed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can accurately reflect the field condition of the equipment in time, and the judgment of the defect causes is accurate and meets the actual field condition; the production site is convenient to implement, the investment is low, and the effect is quick; the repeated treatment of major equipment defects is effectively avoided, and the safe operation of special pipeline equipment is ensured; the method combines conventional supervision and inspection, pipeline vibration and pipeline expansion, is a practical and effective new method for advanced diagnosis and prediction of defects in advance, and is particularly suitable for new units and pipelines which are operated for 10 ten thousand hours in an accumulated mode.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to deeply find out the main inducement of cracks of the three-phase craters and make practical and effective precautionary measures, on the basis of routine nondestructive, physicochemical and welding supervision and inspection, a method of leading out a displacement indicator is adopted, the whole process test of the vibration frequency and the displacement of the boiler in a thermal state is realized, the stress condition is analyzed and judged on the basis of the expansion design of a boiler plant, the main factors influencing the crack damage of the part are quickly found out, the diagnosis accuracy of the equipment defect is improved, and a novel comprehensive judgment method with less investment, quick effect and high accuracy is provided for ensuring the long-period safe operation of the large-caliber thick-wall pipe of the boiler.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and after the boiler is stopped or mediated, carrying out conventional nondestructive and physicochemical inspection on the three-way component which is easy to generate cracks, and determining the safe quality condition. The test methods and test standards were as follows:
1.1, carrying out ultrasonic detection through a digital ultrasonic flaw detector, detecting the defects of parent metal inside and near the tee joint weld crater, and evaluating the safety quality grade.
1.2, magnetic powder detection is carried out through a portable magnetic detector, the defects of the surfaces and the near surfaces of a welded junction, a base material and an elbow are detected, and safety quality grade evaluation is carried out.
1.3, carrying out nondestructive inspection by a penetration detection method, detecting opening defects on surfaces of a welded junction, a base metal and an elbow, and evaluating safety quality grades.
1.4, carrying out metallographic examination by a portable metallographic microscope, examining the microstructure conditions of a welded junction and a base metal, and evaluating the aging grade.
1.5 through a lithium hardness tester, a hardness test is carried out, the hardness ranges of the welding opening and the base metal are checked, and the heat treatment state of the welding opening is determined.
1.6, carrying out spectral analysis by a quantitative spectrometer, inspecting chemical components of the welded junction and the base metal, and determining whether the welded junction and the base metal conform to the original design.
And 1.7, performing drawing measurement on the wall thickness through a thickness gauge, drawing measurement on the welding opening and the residual wall thickness of the base metal, and determining whether the requirements of supervision regulations are met.
2. Appearance inspection of header and communication pipe
2.1 checking whether abnormal conditions such as deflection, blockage and fracture exist in the header and the communicating pipe support hanger, and expansion is blocked.
2.2, checking whether the header and the communicating pipe exist in nearby components for collision and abrasion; and (4) carrying out nondestructive examination and rechecking on the suspected appearance quality.
3. Mounting of expansion displacement indicator
Three expansion displacement indicators are arranged on two sides of the screen outlet and end inlet header and led out to the positions outside the large enclosers of the adjacent side walls, and the outlets and inlets of the communicating pipes are respectively arranged and led out to the top of the large enclosers, so that the problem that the temperature in the large enclosers is high and timely detection cannot be carried out after the boiler is started is fundamentally solved.
4. And (5) processing the connection problem of the tested piece and the eduction tube.
If the tested piece and the eduction tube adopt a welding mode, the tee joint and the communicating tube are inevitably damaged, therefore, a three-hole short tube clamp connecting mode is adopted, and the surface quality of the tee joint and the communicating tube is protected from being damaged on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data.
5. Mounting of three-phase displacement indicator
The tested piece and the eduction tube adopt three-hole short tube clamps, and the fastening bolts are fastened and rigidly connected; the outlet pipe is directly welded on the three-hole short pipe clamp, the three indicator needles outside the large housing are connected with the outlet pipe in a butt-joint welded junction mode, and the three displacement fingers enable the disc to be welded at a fixed position of a nearby steel frame, so that the expansion displacement and the frequency test value of a tested piece are accurate and reliable.
6. Before the boiler is started, the installation quality is checked and accepted, and the detection equipment is positioned at zero point.
7. Detecting the low-frequency vibration frequency in the whole process from the starting of the unit to full load; the medium steam temperature, steam pressure and load side change curves and displacement expansion change. And (4) the far infrared thermometer measures the actual temperature in a sampling mode, and the difference value between the actual temperature and the automatically recorded temperature is found out.
8. And (4) performing pipeline expansion stress accounting.
9. The nondestructive inspection, the physical and chemical inspection, the comprehensive analysis of the expansion displacement and the low-frequency vibration condition are carried out, the main factors causing the three-way crack are found out, and the targeted safety technical measures are made.
10. And (5) summarizing the implementation and acceptance of measures.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. A three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the boiler is shut down or mediated, carrying out conventional nondestructive and physicochemical inspection on the three-way component which is easy to generate cracks, and determining the safe quality condition; the test methods and test standards were as follows:
detecting the interior of a welded junction, the nearby base metal and the surface of the elbow through a digital ultrasonic flaw detector, a portable magnetic detector, a metallographic microscope, a lithium hardness tester, a spectrometer and a thickness gauge, wherein the detection contents comprise the defects of the parts, the micro-structure condition, the hardness, the chemical components and the residual wall thickness;
appearance inspection of header and communication pipe
Checking whether abnormal conditions such as deflection, jamming and fracture, blocked expansion and the like exist in the header and the communicating pipe support hanger; whether the header and the communicating pipe support hanger exist in nearby parts or not is subjected to collision and grinding; carrying out nondestructive examination and rechecking on the suspected appearance quality;
3. mounting of expansion displacement indicator
Three expansion displacement indicators are arranged on two sides of a screen through outlet and a screen through inlet header and are led out to the positions outside the large enclosers of the adjacent side walls, and an outlet and an inlet of a communicating pipe are respectively arranged and led out to the top of the large enclosers;
4. processing the connection problem of the tested piece and the eduction tube;
the tested piece and the eduction tube adopt a three-hole short tube clamp connection mode, so that the condition that the tee joint and the communicating tube are damaged by the traditional welding mode is avoided; the method protects the surface quality of the tee joint and the communicating pipe from being damaged on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data;
5. mounting of three-phase displacement indicator
The tested piece and the eduction tube adopt three-hole short tube clamps, and the fastening bolts are fastened and rigidly connected; the outlet pipe is directly welded on the three-hole short pipe clamp, three indicator needles outside the large housing are connected with the outlet pipe in a butt-joint welded junction mode, and three displacement fingers enable the disc to be welded at a fixed position of a nearby steel frame;
so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the expansion displacement and the frequency test value of the tested piece;
6. before the boiler is started, the installation quality is checked and accepted, and the zero point of the detection equipment is positioned;
7. detecting the low-frequency vibration frequency in the whole process from the starting of the unit to full load; the medium steam temperature, steam pressure and load side change curves and displacement expansion change; the actual temperature is measured by a far infrared thermometer, and the difference value between the actual temperature and the automatically recorded temperature is found out;
8. performing pipeline expansion stress accounting;
9. the nondestructive inspection, the physical and chemical inspection, the comprehensive analysis of the expansion displacement and the low-frequency vibration condition are carried out, the main factors causing the three-way crack are found out, and the targeted safety technical measures are made;
10. and (5) summarizing the implementation and acceptance of measures.
2. The three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-way component which is easy to crack is subjected to conventional nondestructive and physicochemical inspection, the nondestructive inspection is carried out by adding a penetration detection method, the opening defects of the surfaces of a welded junction, a base material and an elbow are detected, and the safety quality is graded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011102761.XA CN112229912A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011102761.XA CN112229912A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method |
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| CN112229912A true CN112229912A (en) | 2021-01-15 |
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| CN202011102761.XA Withdrawn CN112229912A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Three-way crack vibration frequency measurement and check method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114351073A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-15 | 华能济宁运河发电有限公司 | Nickel-chromium carbide metal ceramic spraying wire and preparation method thereof |
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| US20170131175A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-05-11 | National University Corporation Tottori University | Pipe evaluation method, measurement device, and pipe evaluation system |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114351073A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-15 | 华能济宁运河发电有限公司 | Nickel-chromium carbide metal ceramic spraying wire and preparation method thereof |
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