CN112228321A - Compressed air energy storage system - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112228321A CN112228321A CN202011262122.XA CN202011262122A CN112228321A CN 112228321 A CN112228321 A CN 112228321A CN 202011262122 A CN202011262122 A CN 202011262122A CN 112228321 A CN112228321 A CN 112228321A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B21/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compressed air energy storage system, which comprises a heat exchanger, wherein all fluid channels are connected in series, any two adjacent fluid channels connected in series are respectively connected in series with two ends of a compressor, two ends of each compressor are respectively connected in parallel with an expander, one end of the fluid channel positioned at the head end is respectively connected with one compressor communicated with an air inlet and one expander communicated with an air outlet, and one end of the fluid channel positioned at the tail end is respectively connected with an inlet and an outlet of an air storage space; the high-temperature end of the working medium channel is connected with the inlet and the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank respectively, and the low-temperature end of the working medium channel is connected with the inlet and the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank respectively. On the premise of ensuring the heat exchange requirement of the compressed air, the invention reduces the number of heat exchange equipment, reduces the occupied area of the system, improves the equipment integration level and reduces the investment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compressed air energy storage system, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage.
Background
At present, all countries in the world face the problem of energy structure transformation, and the research on energy storage is concerned more and more. The stored energy is used as an effective means for cooperating with the operation of new energy, the characteristic of 'instant generation and use' of electric energy can be broken, and the efficient utilization of energy is realized. Common large-scale energy storage mainly comprises technologies such as pumped storage and compressed air energy storage. The pumped storage has the advantages of high technical maturity, large scale, long running time, high overall efficiency, environmental friendliness and the like, but also has the defects of low energy density, strong geographical limitation, high investment cost of a single project, poor economy and the like. The compressed air energy storage is used as a novel energy storage mode, can realize high-capacity electric energy storage, and has the advantages of multiple cycle times, long service life, low cost, low geographic condition requirement and the like. Compared with the pumped storage technology, the compressed air energy storage technology has low construction cost and lower requirement on geographical conditions, and is one of large-scale energy storage technologies with the greatest development prospect.
The compressed air energy storage system converts off-peak electricity or new energy surplus electricity into potential energy of high-pressure air for storage in an energy storage stage; in the energy releasing stage, the high-pressure air expands in the turbo expander to do work and drive the generator to generate electricity, so that the conversion of electric energy-air potential energy-electric energy is completed. In order to improve the energy storage efficiency of the system, the high-temperature and high-pressure air at the outlet of the compressor of the energy storage process needs to be cooled, and the compressed heat is recovered to be used for heating the high-pressure air in the expansion process, so that an interstage cooler and an interstage heater are introduced into the system. However, the number of compression and expansion stages in the system is large, and thus, the design of an interstage cooler and an interstage heater is required to be large, so that the system is complicated in equipment, redundant in structure, large in occupied area and high in relative investment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: on the premise of ensuring the performance of the compressed air energy storage system, the heat exchange equipment in the system is reduced, the integration level of the heat exchange equipment is improved, and the occupied area of the system is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a compressed air energy storage system which is characterized by comprising a heat exchanger, a compressor unit and an expander unit, wherein the heat exchanger is internally provided with at least two fluid channels and a working medium channel; all the fluid channels are connected in series, any two adjacent fluid channels connected in series are respectively connected with two ends of a compressor in series, two ends of each compressor are respectively connected with an expander in parallel, one end of the fluid channel positioned at the head end is respectively connected with a compressor communicated with the air inlet and an expander communicated with the air outlet, and one end of the fluid channel positioned at the tail end is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the air storage space; the high-temperature end of the working medium channel is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank, and the low-temperature end of the working medium channel is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank; valves are arranged at the inlet and outlet of each compressor, the inlet and outlet of each expansion machine, the inlet and outlet of the gas storage space, between the high-temperature end of the working medium channel of the heat exchanger and the inlet and outlet of the high-temperature storage tank, and between the low-temperature end of the working medium channel of the heat exchanger and the inlet and outlet of the low-temperature storage tank.
Preferably, the number of the fluid channels, the number of the compressors and the number of the expanders are the same; one compressor and one expander are respectively communicated with the atmosphere, and the other compressors and the other expanders are respectively connected between any two adjacent fluid channels in series.
Preferably, a heat transfer working medium for heating or cooling air in each fluid channel simultaneously is arranged in the working medium channel.
Preferably, the heat transfer working medium in the heat exchanger is heat conduction oil, silicone oil or water.
Preferably, the heat exchanger is one of a shell-and-tube type, a plate-fin type, a plate-shell type and a sleeve type.
Preferably, a first pump is arranged between the high-temperature end of the working medium channel of the heat exchanger and the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank, and a second pump is arranged between the low-temperature end of the working medium channel of the heat exchanger and the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has simple structure and easy installation and maintenance, and can be applied to various compressed air energy storage systems with different capacities. According to the invention, the heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of fluid channels, a plurality of interstage heat exchange devices in the system are integrated into one heat exchange device, and the number of devices and the floor area in the system are reduced on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange requirement of compressed air; through the design of the valve group, the multistage cooling of the energy storage process and the multistage heating of the energy release process can be realized in one heat exchanger, the number of heat exchange devices is further reduced under the condition of ensuring the heat exchange requirement of compressed air cooling or heating, the occupied area of the system is reduced, the device integration level is improved, the investment cost is reduced, and the problems of complex flow and complicated devices of a compressed air energy storage system in the prior art are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a compressed air energy storage system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The invention provides a compressed air energy storage system, which comprises a compressor unit 1, a low-temperature storage tank 2, a heat exchanger 3, an air storage space 4, a first pump 5-1, a second pump 5-2, an expander unit 6, a high-temperature storage tank 7, a valve set and other equipment, wherein the compressor unit 1 comprises a compressor section 1-1 and a compressor section 1-2, and the expander unit 6 comprises an expander section 6-1 and an expander section 6-2, as shown in figure 1.
A first fluid channel 3-1, a second fluid channel 3-2 and a working medium channel are arranged in the heat exchanger 3, medium-pressure air and high-pressure air flow in the first fluid channel 3-1 and the second fluid channel 3-2 respectively, and working medium in the working medium channel heats or cools air in the first fluid channel 3-1 and the second fluid channel 3-2 simultaneously.
The high-temperature end of the first fluid channel 3-1 is respectively connected with the outlet of the first section 1-1 of the compressor and the inlet of the second section 6-2 of the expander, and the low-temperature end of the first fluid channel 3-1 is respectively connected with the inlet of the second section 1-2 of the compressor and the outlet of the first section 6-1 of the expander; the high-temperature end of the second fluid channel 3-2 is respectively connected with the outlet of the second compressor section 1-2 and the inlet of the first expander section 6-1, and the low-temperature end of the second fluid channel 3-2 is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the gas storage space 4; the high-temperature end of the working medium channel is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank 7, and the low-temperature end of the working medium channel is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank 2; the inlet of the first compressor section 1-1 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the outlet of the second expander section 6-2 is communicated with the atmosphere.
A first pump 5-1 is arranged between the high-temperature end of the working medium channel and the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank 7, and a second pump 5-2 is arranged between the low-temperature end of the working medium channel and the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank 2.
A first valve V1 is arranged between the high-temperature end of the first fluid channel 3-1 and the outlet of the first section 1-1 of the compressor, and a second valve V2 is arranged between the high-temperature end of the first fluid channel and the inlet of the second section 6-2 of the expander; a third valve V3 is arranged between the low-temperature end of the first fluid channel 3-1 and the inlet of the second compressor section 1-2, and a fourth valve V4 is arranged between the low-temperature end of the first fluid channel and the outlet of the first expander section 6-1; a fifth valve V5 is arranged between the high-temperature end of the second fluid channel 3-2 and the outlet of the second compressor section 1-2, and a sixth valve V6 is arranged between the high-temperature end of the second fluid channel and the inlet of the first expander section 6-1; a seventh valve V7 is arranged between the low temperature end of the second fluid channel 3-2 and the inlet of the air storage space 4, an eighth valve V8 is arranged between the outlet of the air storage space 4, and the eighth valve V8 is a pressure reducing valve; a ninth valve V9 is arranged between the high-temperature end of the working medium channel and the inlet of the high-temperature storage tank 7, and a tenth valve V10 is arranged between the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank 7 and the ninth valve V9; an eleventh valve V11 is arranged between the low-temperature end of the working medium channel and the inlet of the low-temperature storage tank 2, and a twelfth valve V12 is arranged between the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank 2 and the working medium channel.
The heat exchanger 3 can be one of a shell-and-tube type, a plate-fin type, a plate-shell type and a sleeve type, and can meet the requirement of simultaneous heat exchange of a plurality of strands of fluids. The heat transfer working medium (i.e. heat transfer fluid) in the heat exchanger 3 is heat transfer oil, silicone oil or water.
In the embodiment, the compressor unit 1 in the system is composed of a first compressor section 1-1 and a second compressor section 1-2, the expander unit 6 is composed of a first expander section 6-1 and a second expander section 6-2, and heat conducting oil is used as heat transfer fluid (namely heat transfer working medium). The use method of the system comprises the following steps:
energy storage process:
the method comprises the steps that a first valve V1, a third valve V3, a fifth valve V5, a seventh valve V7, a ninth valve V9 and a twelfth valve V12 are opened, a second valve V2, a fourth valve V4, a sixth valve V6, an eighth valve V8, a tenth valve V10 and an eleventh valve V11 are closed, a compressor unit 1 is started, normal-temperature and normal-pressure air enters a first section 1-1 of a compressor, flows into a first fluid channel 3-1 of a heat exchanger 3 after primary compression to exchange heat with heat conduction oil flowing out of a low-temperature storage tank 2, cooled air enters a second section 1-2 of the compressor, flows into a second fluid channel 3-2 of the heat exchanger 3 again after secondary compression to exchange heat, and is cooled and stored in an air storage space 4. The flow of the heat conducting oil is controlled by adjusting the twelfth valve V12, so that the heat exchange process is stable.
The energy release process is as follows:
the second valve V2, the fourth valve V4, the sixth valve V6, the eighth valve V8, the tenth valve V10 and the eleventh valve V11 are opened, the first valve V1, the third valve V3, the fifth valve V5, the seventh valve V7, the ninth valve V9 and the twelfth valve V12 are closed, the air in the high-pressure air storage space 4 enters the pressure reduction valve (i.e., the eighth valve V8) and then enters the second fluid channel 3-2 of the heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange, the heated air enters the first fluid channel 3-1 of the heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange after once expansion work, the heated air enters the second fluid channel 6-2 of the expander section 6-2 again and is exhausted to the atmosphere after second expansion work. The heat conduction oil flow is controlled by adjusting a tenth valve V10, so that the heat exchange process is stable.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the compressor section 1-2 and the expander section 6-2 can be followed by the compressor section and the expander section as required, and a third fluid channel is correspondingly added to the heat exchanger 3 for cooling air at the outlet of the compressor section and/or heating air at the inlet of the expander section.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
Claims (6)
1. A compressed air energy storage system is characterized by comprising a heat exchanger (3), a compressor unit (1) and an expander unit (6), wherein at least two fluid channels and a working medium channel are arranged in the heat exchanger (3), the compressor unit (1) comprises at least two compressors, and the expander unit (6) comprises at least two expanders; all the fluid channels are connected in series, any two adjacent fluid channels connected in series are respectively connected with two ends of a compressor in series, two ends of each compressor are respectively connected with an expander in parallel, one end of the fluid channel positioned at the head end is respectively connected with a compressor communicated with the air inlet and an expander communicated with the air outlet, and one end of the fluid channel positioned at the tail end is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the air storage space (4); the high-temperature end of the working medium channel is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank (7), and the low-temperature end of the working medium channel is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank (2); valves are arranged at the inlet and outlet of each compressor, the inlet and outlet of each expansion machine, the inlet and outlet of the gas storage space (4), between the high-temperature end of the working medium channel of the heat exchanger (3) and the inlet and outlet of the high-temperature storage tank (7), and between the low-temperature end of the working medium channel of the heat exchanger (3) and the inlet and outlet of the low-temperature storage tank (2).
2. A compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein the number of fluid passages, the number of compressors and the number of expanders are the same; one compressor and one expander are respectively communicated with the atmosphere, and the other compressors and the other expanders are respectively connected between any two adjacent fluid channels in series.
3. A compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein heat transfer fluid is provided in said fluid passageways for simultaneously heating or cooling the air in each fluid passageway.
4. A compressed air energy storage system according to claim 3 wherein the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger (3) is heat transfer oil, silicone oil or water.
5. A compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchanger (3) is one of shell and tube, plate fin, plate and shell, or tube in tube.
6. A compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein a first pump (5-1) is provided between the high temperature end of the working medium channel of the heat exchanger (3) and the outlet of the high temperature storage tank (7), and a second pump (5-2) is provided between the low temperature end of the working medium channel of the heat exchanger (3) and the outlet of the low temperature storage tank (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011262122.XA CN112228321A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Compressed air energy storage system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011262122.XA CN112228321A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Compressed air energy storage system |
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| CN112228321A true CN112228321A (en) | 2021-01-15 |
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| CN202011262122.XA Pending CN112228321A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Compressed air energy storage system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114876704A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-08-09 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | Compressed air and seawater pumping and storage coupling energy storage system and method |
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| CN214170783U (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-09-10 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Compressed air energy storage system |
-
2020
- 2020-11-12 CN CN202011262122.XA patent/CN112228321A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102661175A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-12 | 西安交通大学 | Compressed air energy storage system |
| EP3240945A1 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2017-11-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Compressed air storage power plant and method for operating a compressed air storage power plant |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114876704A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-08-09 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | Compressed air and seawater pumping and storage coupling energy storage system and method |
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