CN112225216A - Medium-micropore lignin-based activated carbon and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medium-micropore lignin-based activated carbon and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: carbonizing the lignin powder in an inert atmosphere to obtain a carbonized material; mixing with activator solid, adding into water, mixing, standing, and drying to obtain solid mixture; and heating the solid mixture under inert atmosphere to carry out activation treatment, washing with water, drying and grinding to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon. The activated carbon has a high specific surface area (1662-2852 m)2(g) and pore volume (0.88-1.50 m)3The carbon has rich mesopore and micropore structures, and the carbon surface has high oxygen content (8.34-14.27 at%), so that the carbon can be widely applied to the fields of environmental protection, catalysis, electronics and the like due to the excellent properties. The preparation method can realize the regulation and control of mesopores and micropores of the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon through the carbonization temperature, the activation temperature and the mass ratio of lignin to the activating agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porous carbon materials, in particular to a meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Activated carbon materials are widely used in various fields such as catalysts, sensors, electrode materials, adsorbents, and the like because of their excellent properties such as high specific surface area, large pore volume, stable physicochemical properties, and low cost. According to the difference of the raw materials for production, the activated carbon can be divided into: biomass-based activated carbon (wood chip activated carbon, shell activated carbon, etc.), coal-based activated carbon (lignite-based activated carbon, etc.), and other raw material activated carbon (pitch-based activated carbon, synthetic resin-based activated carbon, etc.). Among them, biomass-based activated carbon is widely developed and researched due to the advantages of wide biomass resource source, easy availability, environmental friendliness, low price, sustainability, large reserves, and the like. The preparation process of the biomass-based activated carbon mainly comprises two processes: one is physical activation and the other is chemical activation. The chemical activation method can be divided into two methods, one is to mix the raw material and the activating agent and then directly activate the raw material at high temperature, the other is to carbonize the raw material at relatively low temperature, mix the carbonized raw material with the activating agent and then activate the raw material at high temperature, namely a carbonization-activation method, and the activated carbon obtained by the method has larger specific surface area and microporosity and higher yield.
The lignin is the second most abundant biomass resource on the earth, about 0.5-36 hundred million tons of lignin can be obtained from plants, and the lignin has huge application potential due to the abundant sources and the characteristics of low price, aromaticity, biodegradability and the like. Lignin, including alkali lignin extracted from black liquor, is a major byproduct of the pulp and paper industry, with about 7 million tons of lignin being discharged each year. However, only 2% of lignin is used in chemicals or alternative materials for materials, such as concrete additives, dispersants or surfactants, and most are burned as low value fuels. This is not only disadvantageous for high-value utilization of biomass resources, but also causes environmental pollution. Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,based on the shortage of high-value utilization of lignin, the method for converting lignin into a high-performance material is of great significance. During the last two decades, lignin has been considered as one of the most potential precursors for the production of activated carbon materials. Recently, patent publication No. CN108511204A discloses a method for preparing hollow carbon microspheres from sodium lignosulfonate, wherein the carbon material prepared by the method has good electrochemical performance, but the specific surface area is less than 1000m2(iv)/g, limiting its application; the patent with the application number of CN108715446A takes alkali lignin as a raw material to prepare the lignin-based activated carbon with high mesoporosity, which shows excellent physicochemical properties, but the preparation process is complex and is not beneficial to realizing industrialization. In addition, the existing lignin-based activated carbon preparation technology mainly adopts a one-step method, and the research on a carbonization-activation method is less; the prepared active carbon has a single pore structure and low specific surface area and pore volume.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the preparation of the activated carbon material by the lignin, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing the meso-microporous activated carbon by taking the lignin as a raw material and the meso-microporous activated carbon.
The invention also aims to provide a method for preparing the hierarchical pore lignin-based activated carbon by adopting a carbonization-activation method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by at least one of the following technical solutions.
The invention takes sodium lignosulfonate and calcium lignosulfonate directly obtained from black liquor or acidic pulp waste liquor discharged from a subtractive pulping and papermaking plant as raw materials. The method for extracting the industrial alkali lignin from the black liquor is an acid precipitation method, and comprises the following specific steps: adding acid solution or acid gas into the papermaking black liquor to make the pH value of the black liquor be 4-6, then separating by using centrifugal machine, washing and drying so as to obtain solid precipitate. Grinding the solid precipitate into powder to obtain the industrial alkali lignin powder. Then the medium-micropore lignin-based activated carbon is obtained through the steps of carbonization, mixing, activation, water washing and the like.
The invention provides a preparation method of a medium-micropore lignin-based activated carbon, which comprises the following steps:
(1) heating the lignin powder in a tubular furnace under an inert atmosphere for carbonization treatment, naturally cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain a carbonized material;
(2) blending the carbonized material in the step (1) with an active agent solid, adding a proper amount of water, uniformly stirring, standing, and drying to obtain a solid mixture;
(3) and (3) heating the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) in a tubular furnace in an inert atmosphere for activation treatment, naturally cooling to room temperature, washing with water, drying, and grinding into powder to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon.
Further, the temperature of the carbonization treatment in the step (1) is 400-; the rate of temperature rise is 10-30 ℃/min.
Preferably, the carbonization treatment time in the step (1) is 60 min.
Preferably, the temperature of the carbonization treatment in the step (1) is 400-500 ℃.
Further, the activator solution in the step (2) is more than one of potassium hydroxide solid, sodium hydroxide solid and potassium carbonate solid.
Preferably, the activating agent in step (2) is potassium hydroxide.
Further, the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the activating agent in the step (2) is 1:2-1:4 in terms of dry weight.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the active agent in the step (2) is 1:2-1:3 in terms of dry weight.
Further, the drying temperature in the step (2) is 100-150 ℃, and the drying time is 12-24 h.
Further, the standing time in the step (2) is 2-4 h.
Preferably, the standing time of the step (2) is 2 h.
Further, the temperature of the activation treatment in the step (3) is 700-850 ℃, the time of the activation treatment is 40-120min, and the rate of temperature rise is 10-30 ℃/min.
Preferably, the flow rate of the inert atmosphere in the step (1) and the step (3) is 200-500ml/min, and more preferably 300-400 ml/min.
Preferably, the water for washing in step (3) is ultrapure water or deionized water.
The invention provides the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon prepared by the preparation method, and the specific surface area of the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon is 1662-2852m2Per g, pore volume of 0.88-1.50m3Per g, hollow pore volume of 0.27-0.89m3Per g, pore volume of the micropores is 0.20-0.63m3(ii) a surface oxygen content of 8.34 to 14.27 at%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the prepared meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon has a developed pore structure and rich meso-microporous content and surface activity, and the method can regulate and control the specific surface area, the pore volume and the proportion of mesopores and micropores through the carbonization temperature, the mass ratio of a carbonized material to an activating agent and the activation temperature, so that the proper meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon can be flexibly selected according to different applications.
(2) The invention takes the pulping and papermaking waste lignin and black liquor as raw materials, reduces the production cost of the activated carbon, realizes the high-value utilization of the lignin and is beneficial to the application of medium-micropore lignin-based activity.
(3) The invention adopts a carbonization-activation method to prepare the lignin-based activated carbon, compared with a one-step method, the obtained lignin-based activated carbon has more excellent pore structure and performance, and is beneficial to realizing the industrialization of the lignin-based activated carbon.
(4) The meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon prepared by the method is used as an adsorbent and an electrode material of a super capacitor, and has high adsorption capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm diagram of a meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon obtained in examples 1 to 7.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the pore size distribution of a meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon obtained in examples 1-3.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the pore size distribution of meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon obtained in examples 4-7.
FIG. 4 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the resulting meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon of examples 1 to 3.
FIG. 5 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the resulting meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon of examples 4 to 7.
FIG. 6 is a methylene blue adsorption isotherm of the resulting meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon of examples 1-3.
FIG. 7 is the methylene blue adsorption isotherm of the resulting meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon of examples 4-7.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the practice of the invention, but the practice and protection of the invention is not limited thereto. It is noted that the processes described below, if not specifically described in detail, are all realizable or understandable by those skilled in the art with reference to the prior art. The reagents or apparatus used are not indicated to the manufacturer, and are considered to be conventional products available by commercial purchase.
Example 1
Putting the black liquor into a beaker, and adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass fraction of 10% while stirring until the pH value of the solution is 4.0. Then separating the solution by a centrifuge at a rotation speed of 8000r/min to obtain lignin precipitate, drying the lignin precipitate in an oven at 105 ℃ for 24h, and grinding to obtain lignin powder; and (3) placing the obtained lignin powder in a tube furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the lignin carbonized material. Mixing the obtained carbonized material and KOH solid, adding the mixture into water (the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the KOH solid is 1:3), fully oscillating, standing for 2 hours, and then putting the mixture into an oven to dry for 24 hours at 105 ℃ to obtain a lignin-KOH mixture; and putting the obtained mixture into a tubular furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a black solid, washing with ultrapure water until the filtrate is neutral, and finally drying in a drying oven at the temperature of 105 ℃ for 12h to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon, which is marked as PAC-1.
0.05g of the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon obtained in example 1 is weighed and placed into 11 erlenmeyer flasks, 50mL of methylene blue solution with the initial concentration of 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 1200, 1500, 1800, 2000 and 3000mg/L is added into the erlenmeyer flasks, the erlenmeyer flasks are placed into a shaking table, the shaking table is shaken for 12 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, the concentration of the solution after adsorption is tested, the adsorption isotherm is drawn and is shown in figure 6, and the adsorption capacity of the material is obtained from figure 6.
FIG. 1 is a nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm of PAC-1 obtained, which was calculated to have a specific surface area of 2852m2G, pore volume of 1.50m3Per g, hollow pore volume of 0.60m3G, pore volume of the micropores is 0.42m3(ii) in terms of/g. FIG. 2 is a pore size distribution diagram of the obtained PAC-1, which shows that the lignin-based activated carbon has pore channels with pore diameters of 0.5-2nm and 2-5nm and has a meso-microporous pore structure. FIG. 4 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the PAC-1, which shows that the surface of the lignin-based activated carbon has abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and active sites. FIG. 6 is a methylene blue adsorption isotherm of the obtained PAC-1, which shows that PAC-1 has excellent adsorption capacity, and the methylene adsorption capacity is 1671 mg/g.
Example 2
Putting the lignin powder obtained in the example 1 into a tube furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 400ml/min, raising the temperature to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 60min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the lignin carbonized material. Mixing the obtained carbonized material and KOH solid, adding the mixture into water (the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the KOH solid is 1:2), fully oscillating, standing for 4 hours, and then putting the mixture into an oven to dry for 24 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain a lignin-KOH mixture; and putting the obtained mixture into a tubular furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 60min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a black solid, washing with ultrapure water until the filtrate is neutral, and finally drying in a drying oven at the temperature of 105 ℃ for 12h to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon, which is marked as PAC-2.
The specific surface area of PAC-2 is 2057m as obtained by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm of FIG. 12Per g, pore volume of 1.01cm3Per g, hollow pore volume of 0.28m3Per g, pore volume of 0.57m3(ii) in terms of/g. The pore size distribution of fig. 2 shows that PAC-2 has a hierarchical pore structure of meso-micro pores. The X-ray photoelectron spectrum of FIG. 4 shows that the surface of PAC-2 has a high oxygen content (11.51 at%). The methylene blue adsorption capacity of PAC-2 is 1181mg/g, which can be seen from the methylene blue adsorption isotherm of FIG. 6, and the test method for the adsorption capacity refers to example 1.
Example 3
Putting the lignin powder obtained in the example 1 into a tube furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 30 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the lignin carbonized material. Mixing the obtained carbonized material and KOH solid, adding the mixture into water (the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the KOH solid is 1:2), fully oscillating, standing for 3 hours, and drying in an oven at 150 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a lignin-KOH mixture; and putting the obtained mixture into a tubular furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 850 ℃ at the heating rate of 30 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 40min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a black solid, washing with ultrapure water until the filtrate is neutral, and finally drying in a drying oven at 105 ℃ for 12h to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon, which is marked as PAC-3.
PAC-3 with a specific surface area of 2257m as obtained by the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of FIG. 12G, pore volume of 1.21cm3Per g, hollow pore volume of 0.58m3G, pore volume of 0.63m3(ii) in terms of/g. PAC-3 is known to have a multi-level pore structure of meso-micro pores by the pore size distribution diagram of fig. 2. The appearance of a distinct oxygen peak in the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of fig. 4 indicates the excellent surface chemistry of PAC-3. The methylene blue adsorption isotherm of fig. 6 shows that PAC-3 has excellent methylene blue adsorption capacity (1189mg/g), which is measured according to example 1.
Example 4
Putting the lignin powder obtained in the example 1 into a tube furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 80min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the lignin carbonized material. Mixing the obtained carbonized material and KOH solid, adding water (the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the KOH solid is 1:3), fully oscillating, standing for 2 hours, and drying in an oven at 105 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a lignin-KOH mixture; and putting the obtained mixture into a tubular furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a black solid, washing with ultrapure water until the filtrate is neutral, and finally drying in a drying oven at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 16h to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon, which is marked as PAC-4.
The specific surface area of PAC-4 is 2772m as obtained by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm of FIG. 12G, pore volume of 1.50cm3Per g, hollow pore volume of 0.74m3G, pore volume of the micropores 0.28m3(ii) in terms of/g. The appearance of distinct peaks at 0.5-2nm and 2-5nm in the pore size distribution plot of fig. 3 indicates that PAC-4 has a hierarchical pore structure of meso-microporous. The appearance of a distinct oxygen peak in the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of fig. 5 indicates the excellent surface chemistry of PAC-4. It can be seen from the methylene blue adsorption isotherm of fig. 7 that the methylene blue adsorption capacity of PAC-4 is 1450mg/g, and the adsorption capacity was measured according to example 1.
Example 5
Putting the lignin powder obtained in the example 1 into a tube furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 80min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the lignin carbonized material. Mixing the obtained carbonized material and KOH solid, adding water (the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the KOH solid is 1:2), fully oscillating, standing for 2 hours, and drying in an oven at 105 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a lignin-KOH mixture; and putting the obtained mixture into a tubular furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a black solid, washing with ultrapure water until the filtrate is neutral, and finally drying in a drying oven at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 16h to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon, which is marked as PAC-5.
The specific surface area of PAC-5 obtained by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm of FIG. 1 was 2164m2G, pore volume of 1.15cm3Per g, hollow pore volume of 0.55m3G, pore volume of the micropores is 0.60m3(ii) in terms of/g. The pore size distribution diagram of fig. 3 indicates that PAC-5 has a hierarchical pore structure of meso-micro pores. The X-ray photoelectron spectrum of fig. 5 shows that the surface of PAC-5 has a rich set of chemically active sites that impart excellent hydrophilicity and chemisorption capacity to PAC-5. It can be seen from the methylene blue adsorption isotherm of FIG. 7 that the methylene blue adsorption capacity of PAC-5 is 1140mg/g, and the adsorption capacity was measured according to example 1.
Example 6
Putting the lignin powder obtained in the example 1 into a tube furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 120min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the lignin carbonized material. Mixing the obtained carbonized material and KOH solid, adding water (the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the KOH solid is 1:2), fully oscillating, standing for 2 hours, and drying in an oven at 105 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a lignin-KOH mixture; and putting the obtained mixture into a tubular furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 120min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a black solid, washing with ultrapure water until the filtrate is neutral, and finally drying in a drying oven at the temperature of 105 ℃ for 24h to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon, which is marked as PAC-6.
The specific surface area of PAC-6 obtained by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm of FIG. 1 was 1670m2Per g, pore volume of 0.81cm3Per g, hollow pore volume of 0.28m3G, pore volume of micropores 0.53m3(ii) in terms of/g. The pore size distribution plot of fig. 3 indicates that PAC-6 has a hierarchical pore structure of meso-micro pores. The X-ray photoelectron spectrum of fig. 5 shows that the surface of PAC-6 has a rich oxygen-containing functional group. The methylene blue adsorption isotherm of FIG. 7 showsPAC-6 had a methylene blue adsorption capacity of 753mg/g, and the adsorption capacity was measured according to the method described in example 1.
Example 7
Putting the lignin powder obtained in the example 1 into a tube furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the lignin carbonized material. Mixing the obtained carbonized material and KOH solid, adding water (the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the KOH solid is 1:4), fully oscillating, standing for 2 hours, and drying in an oven at 105 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a lignin-KOH mixture; and putting the obtained mixture into a tubular furnace, introducing argon at the flow rate of 300ml/min, heating to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 80min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a black solid, washing with ultrapure water until the filtrate is neutral, and finally drying in a drying oven at the temperature of 105 ℃ for 24h to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon, which is marked as PAC-7.
PAC-6 having a high specific surface area (1957 m) is shown by the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of FIG. 1 and the pore size distribution of FIG. 32G), large pore volume (1.05 cm)3/g), excellent hollow and microporous pore structure (mesopore volume of 0.72 m)3Per g, pore volume of 0.33m3The multi-stage pore structure can promote energy transfer and improve adsorption efficiency. As can be seen from the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of FIG. 5, the surface oxygen content of PAC-7 is as high as 14.27 at%, which greatly improves the chemical adsorption capacity. From the methylene blue adsorption isotherm of FIG. 7, it was found that the methylene blue adsorption capacity of PAC-7 was 940mg/g, and the adsorption capacity was measured by the method of example 1.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are intended to be illustrative and not limiting, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, substitutions and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) heating lignin powder under inert atmosphere to carry out carbonization treatment to obtain carbonized materials;
(2) blending the carbonized material and the activator solid in the step (1), adding the mixture into water, uniformly stirring, standing, and drying to obtain a solid mixture;
(3) and (3) heating the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) under an inert atmosphere for activation treatment, cooling to room temperature, washing with water, drying, and grinding into powder to obtain the meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon.
2. The preparation method of meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the carbonization treatment in step (1) is 400-600 ℃, and the time of the carbonization treatment is 60-120 min; the rate of temperature rise is 10-30 ℃/min.
3. The method for preparing meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature of the carbonization treatment in step (1) is 400-500 ℃.
4. The method of producing a meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the activating agent in step (2) is one or more of potassium hydroxide solid, sodium hydroxide solid and potassium carbonate solid.
5. The process for the preparation of a meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized material to the activator solid in step (2) is 1:2 to 1:4 on a dry weight basis.
6. The method for preparing meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in step (2) is 100-150 ℃ and the drying time is 12-24 h.
7. A process for the preparation of meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the standing time of step (2) is 2-4 h.
8. The method for preparing meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the activation treatment in step (3) is 700-850 ℃, and the time of the activation treatment is 40-120 min.
9. The method for producing a meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rate of temperature rise in step (3) is 10-30 ℃/min.
10. A meso-microporous lignin-based activated carbon prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the specific surface area is 1662-2852m2Per g, pore volume of 0.88-1.50m3Per g, hollow pore volume of 0.27-0.89m3Per g, pore volume of the micropores is 0.20-0.63m3(ii) a surface oxygen content of 8.34 to 14.27 at%.
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| CN113577981A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-02 | 浙江大学 | Oxygen-containing microporous activated carbon, preparation thereof and application thereof in selective adsorption of ethane |
| CN114162819A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-11 | 广东工业大学 | Preparation method of economic and environment-friendly lignin-based hierarchical-structure porous carbon |
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