CN112224003B

CN112224003B - Electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN112224003B
Application number: CN202011031071.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何龙; 孙华军; 鲁志佩; 唐江龙; 江文锋; 郑卫鑫; 朱燕
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-09
Filing date: 2019-06-21
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-21
Also published as: CN110416450A; CN112224003A; CN110416450B

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an electric vehicle, which is provided with at least one accommodating device (200), wherein the at least one accommodating device (200) is a cavity (300) formed on the electric vehicle, and a plurality of single batteries (100) are arranged in the accommodating device (200). The single battery plays a role of a cross beam and/or a longitudinal beam, the space utilization rate of the accommodating device is improved, and the cruising ability of the electric vehicle is improved.

Description

Electric vehicle

The application is a divisional application with the application date of '2019-06-21', the application number of '201910544937.8' and the application name of 'power battery pack, energy storage device and electric vehicle'.

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of power electric vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle.

Background

In the prior art, power battery package mainly includes accommodate device and installs a plurality of battery module in accommodate device, and battery module mainly forms by a plurality of battery cell equipment, and accommodate device includes bottom plate and boundary beam usually, and the boundary beam setting is around the bottom plate. In order to provide the receiving device with sufficient strength and facilitate the installation of the battery modules, a plurality of cross beams and longitudinal beams are generally disposed between the side beams, and the plurality of cross beams and longitudinal beams, together with the side beams and the bottom plate, define a plurality of receiving spaces for receiving the battery modules, each of the battery modules being disposed in the corresponding receiving space.

The power battery pack at least has the following disadvantages:

1. due to the existence of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam, the volume utilization rate of the accommodating device is low, the volume utilization rate is about 40%, the number of mountable single batteries is limited, and the cruising ability of the power battery pack cannot be effectively improved;

2. the traditional power battery pack comprises a plurality of battery modules, each battery module needs to be fixed with a cross beam in the assembling process, a large number of fasteners such as screws are needed for fastening the modules, and meanwhile, the cross beam or the longitudinal beam has certain weight, so that the weight of the accommodating device is increased;

3. the cross beam and the longitudinal beam are arranged in the accommodating device, so that the structure is complex, and the complexity of the manufacturing process of the accommodating device is increased;

4. the single batteries need to be assembled into a battery module and then arranged in the accommodating device, and the operation steps are complex.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the disclosure is to provide an electric vehicle, the volume utilization rate of the accommodating device in the electric vehicle is high, the number of single batteries in the accommodating device is large, the weight is light, the cruising ability of the electric vehicle is improved, and the light weight of the electric vehicle is favorably realized.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides an electric vehicle, where at least one accommodating device is formed on the electric vehicle, the at least one accommodating device is a cavity formed on the electric vehicle, and a plurality of single batteries are arranged in the accommodating device.

Optionally, at least one of the receiving means is a cavity recessed downwardly from the chassis.

Optionally, at least one of the receiving means is integrally formed with the chassis of the electric vehicle.

Optionally, the accommodating device includes a first frame and a second frame arranged oppositely along a first direction, and the plurality of single batteries are arranged between the first frame and the second frame; the cavity comprises a first side wall and a second side wall which are opposite, the first frame is the first side wall of the cavity and an extension part of the first side wall, and the second frame is the second side wall of the cavity and an extension part of the second side wall.

Optionally, the extension of the first sidewall and the extension of the second sidewall form a bottom of the cavity.

Optionally, the length of the single battery along the first direction is L1, and the distance between the first frame and the second frame along the first direction is L2, where L1/L2 is equal to or greater than 50%; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

along the first direction, the distance between the first end and the second end of each single battery is matched with the distance between the first frame and the second frame; alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,

along first direction, be provided with two battery cells between first frame and the second frame.

Optionally, the ratio of L1/L2 is more than or equal to 80% and less than or equal to 97%.

Optionally, the accommodating device includes a third frame and a fourth frame disposed opposite to each other along a second direction different from the first direction, and the plurality of unit cells are arranged between the third frame and the fourth frame along the second direction.

Optionally, the third frame applies a force to a cell disposed adjacent to the third frame toward the fourth frame, and the fourth frame applies a force to the cell disposed adjacent to the fourth frame toward the third frame.

Optionally, a first elastic buffer plate is arranged between the third frame and the single battery adjacent to the third frame, and/or a second elastic buffer plate is arranged between the fourth frame and the single battery adjacent to the fourth frame.

Optionally, a first side plate is disposed on one side, facing the third frame, of the unit cell adjacent to the third frame, and a second side plate is disposed on one side, facing the fourth frame, of the unit cell adjacent to the fourth frame.

Optionally, a first end plate is arranged between the first end of at least some of the plurality of unit batteries and the first frame; and a second end plate is arranged between the second end of at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries and the second frame, and the first end plate, the second end plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and at least part of the single batteries form a battery module.

Optionally, a module top plate is arranged above at least part of the single batteries, the module top plate is connected with the first end plate, and the module top plate is connected with the second end plate; the module top plate, the first end plate, the second end plate and at least part of the single batteries form the battery module.

Optionally, a module bottom plate is arranged above and below at least part of the single batteries, the module bottom plate is connected with the first end plate, and the module bottom plate is connected with the second end plate; the module bottom plate, the first end plate, the second end plate and at least part of the single batteries form the battery module.

Optionally, a module top plate is arranged above at least part of the single batteries, and a module bottom plate is arranged below at least part of the single batteries; the battery module comprises a first end plate, a second end plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, a module top plate, a module bottom plate and at least part of single batteries.

Optionally, the number of the battery modules is at least two in a second direction different from the first direction.

Optionally, the power battery pack is provided with a plurality of layers of battery modules along a third direction.

Optionally, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the module bottom plate and the single battery.

Optionally, a heat conducting plate is arranged between the module top plate and the single battery.

Optionally, the module top plate is a liquid cooling plate or a direct cooling plate with a cooling structure arranged inside.

Optionally, the length of the single battery along the first direction is 500mm-1000mm.

Optionally, the length of the single battery is L, the thickness of the single battery is D, and the ratio of L to D satisfies 50 ≤ L/D ≤ 70.

Optionally, the surface area of the single battery is S, the volume of the single battery is V, and the ratio of S to V satisfies 0.15 ≤ S/V ≤ 0.2.

Optionally, the surface area of the single battery is S, the energy of the single battery is E, and the ratio of S to E satisfies 250 ≤ S/E ≤ 400.

Optionally, the single cells are square cells of a cuboid structure, and have a length, a thickness and a height between the length and the thickness, each single cell is placed on its side, the length direction of each single cell is the first direction, the thickness direction is the second direction, and the height direction is the third direction, and two adjacent single cells are arranged in a manner of facing a large surface.

Optionally, the single battery is a metal-can prismatic battery.

Optionally, a first electrode of the single battery is led out from the single battery towards the first end of the first frame, and a second electrode of the single battery is led out from the single battery towards the second end of the second frame.

Alternatively, a plurality of the unit cells are arranged in a second direction different from the first direction.

Optionally, the electric vehicle is arranged with a plurality of layers of the single batteries along a third direction, and the single batteries in each layer are located between the first frame and the second frame.

Optionally, each of the single batteries is arranged with the first direction as a length direction.

Optionally, the first direction is a vehicle body width direction, and the second direction is a vehicle body length direction; or, the first direction is a vehicle body length direction, and the second direction is a vehicle body width direction.

Optionally, the width of the accommodating device in the first direction is L3, the width of the vehicle body is W, and a ratio of L3 to W satisfies: L3/W is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 80%.

Optionally, the length of the single battery in the first direction is L4, and the width of the vehicle body is W, where a ratio of L4 to W satisfies: L4/W is more than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 70%.

Through the technical scheme, in this disclosure, at least one accommodating device is the cavity that forms on the electric motor car, be equipped with a plurality of battery cells in the accommodating device, battery cell itself can regard as crossbeam and/or the longeron of strengthening accommodating device structural strength, thereby reduce the use of crossbeam and/or longeron among the accommodating device, can not use crossbeam and/or longeron among the accommodating device even, thereby the space that crossbeam and/or longeron occupy in the accommodating device has been reduced, accommodating device's space utilization has been improved, make more battery cells can arrange in accommodating device as far as possible, and then improve the capacity, voltage and the duration of whole power battery package. For example, in an electric vehicle, the design can improve the space utilization rate from about 40% to more than 60% or even higher, such as 80%.

And, owing to need not to arrange crossbeam and/or longeron again among the accommodate device, on the one hand for accommodate device's manufacture craft has obtained the simplification, and the equipment complexity of battery cell reduces, and manufacturing cost reduces, and on the other hand makes accommodate device's weight alleviate, is favorable to promoting the duration of electric motor car, realizes the lightweight of electric motor car.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a power battery pack provided in the prior art;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a single battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a power battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of a plurality of unit batteries in a receiving device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a containment device provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a containment device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a containment device according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a cut-away perspective view of a power battery pack provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 10 is an enlarged view of portion B of fig. 9;

fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a power battery pack provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the first and second rims are not shown;

fig. 12 is an exploded view of a power battery pack provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a first side plate or a second side plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a first or second end plate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 15 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a plurality of battery modules are provided;

FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present disclosure providing a receiving device (cavity) formed on an electric vehicle;

FIG. 17 is a schematic plan view of a liquid cooled plate according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view of a liquid-cooled panel provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view of a liquid-cooled panel provided in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of a chamber provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 21 is a schematic perspective view of a containment device (vehicle tray) provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure secured to an electric vehicle;

FIG. 22 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present disclosure providing an electric vehicle containment device (vehicle tray) secured to an electric vehicle;

fig. 23 is a schematic perspective view of a power battery pack according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a plurality of battery modules are provided.

Description of the reference numerals

100. First electrode of single battery 101

102. Second electrode 103 explosion-proof valve

200. First frame of the accommodating device 201

202. Second bezel 203 third bezel

204. Fourth bezel 205 first elastic cushion plate

206. Second elastic buffer plate 207 first end plate

208. Second end plate 209 first side plate

210. Second side 211 module bottom plate

212. Module top plate 213 first support step

214. The first fixing portion of the second supporting step 215

216. Second fixed part 217 heat insulation layer

218. Heat conduction layer 219 liquid cooling plate

220. Direct cooling plate 221 air inlet

222. Gas-liquid separator of exhaust passage 223

224. Coolant line 225 coolant inlet

226. Coolant outlet 227 inlet manifold

228. Liquid outlet main pipe 229 cooling liquid main inlet

230. Coolant main outlet

300. First side wall of cavity 301

302. The bottom of the second sidewall 305 cavity

400. Battery module 500 crossbeam

600. Longitudinal beam

A1 First direction A2 second direction

A3 Third direction

L length of cell D thickness of cell

Height of H single battery

L1 distance between first and second ends of single battery/length of single battery along first direction

L2 distance between inner surface of first frame and inner surface of second frame/distance between first sidewall and second sidewall along first direction

L3 width of the receptacle in the first direction

The length of the L4 unit cell in the first direction.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the disclosure refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the terms of orientation or positional relationship such as "upper, lower, left, right, top, bottom" and the like are used for the purpose of convenience of description and simplification of description based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and "inner and outer" refer to the inside and outside of the outline of the corresponding structure.

Furthermore, "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms "front, rear, left, and right" generally refer to the front, rear, left, and right of the vehicle itself, and specifically, the direction toward the left wheel is the left, the direction toward the right wheel is the right, the direction toward the head is the front, and the direction toward the tail is the rear.

As shown in fig. 2 to 23, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power battery pack, including a receiving device 200 and a plurality of single batteries 100 disposed in the receiving device 200, each single battery 100 including a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the receiving device 200 including a first frame 201 and a second frame 202 opposite to each other along a first direction A1, the plurality of single batteries 100 being disposed between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, in one embodiment, the first end of each single battery 100 is supported by the first frame 201, and the second end of each single battery 100 is supported by the second frame 202.

In other words, each unit cell 100 extends between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, and the plurality of unit cells 100 are arranged along the length direction of the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, i.e., along the second direction A2. Alternatively, the accommodating device 200 may be plural, or may be one.

Here, the first end and the second end of the single battery 100 are supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, respectively, and the single battery 100 may be directly supported by the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, i.e., placed on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, respectively, or may be further fixed on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, and a specific fixing manner is described in detail below, and the present disclosure is not limited to a specific supporting and fixing manner.

Under the technical concept of the present disclosure, in one embodiment, the distance between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 matches the size of the single battery 100 along the first direction A1, where the matching means that the distance between the two frames or the two side walls described below can be matched to mount one single battery 100, and the matching may be various matching methods such as clearance fit, interference fit, fastening fit, and fixing fit, so as to achieve the purpose of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a first end of each unit cell 100 may be directly or indirectly supported on the first frame 201, and a second end of each unit cell 100 may be directly or indirectly supported on the second frame 202. The direct meaning means that the first end of the single battery 100 is directly contacted and matched with the first frame 201 for supporting, and the second end of the single battery 100 is directly contacted and matched with the second frame 202; by indirect, it is meant that, for example, in some embodiments, a first end of the cell 100 is supported by the first end plate 207 in cooperation with the first frame 201, and a second end of the cell 100 is supported by the second end plate 208 in cooperation with the second frame 202.

It should be noted that the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are disposed oppositely, and the first frame 201 may be parallel to each other, may also be disposed at an angle, and may be a straight line structure or a curved line structure. The single battery 100 may be perpendicular to the first frame 201 and/or the second frame 202, or disposed at an acute angle or an obtuse angle with respect to the first frame 201 and/or the second frame 202, for example, when the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are parallel to each other, the first frame 201, the second frame 202, and the single battery 100 may form a rectangular, square or parallelogram, fan-shaped structure, etc.; when the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are at an angle, the first frame 201, the second frame 202 and the single battery 100 may form a trapezoid, a triangle, or the like. The present disclosure does not limit the angular relationship between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, and the angular relationship between the unit battery 100 and the first frame 201 and the second frame 202.

The first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are located at opposite sides of the accommodating device 200 in the first direction A1, which means that, as shown in fig. 3, the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are located at the outermost sides of the accommodating device 200 in the first direction A1, and the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are the outermost sides of the accommodating device 200.

In addition, the above-mentioned "first end" and "second end" of the unit battery 100 are used to describe the orientation of the unit battery 100, and are not used to define and describe the specific structure of the unit battery 100, for example, the first end and the second end are not used to define and describe the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the unit battery 100, that is, in the present disclosure, the end of the unit battery 100 supported by the first frame 201 is the first end, and the end of the unit battery 100 supported by the second frame 202 is the second end.

In the prior art, because the size of the single battery is small, the length of the single battery is short, and the two opposite ends of the single battery cannot be matched with the two oppositely-arranged edge beams in the accommodating device, a cross beam 500 and/or a longitudinal beam 600 (shown in fig. 1) need to be arranged in the accommodating device, thereby facilitating the assembly of the single battery. When the single battery is installed in the accommodating device through the battery module, a plurality of single batteries may exist along the first direction of the accommodating device, that is, the single battery does not extend between two oppositely arranged edge beams (the first and

second frames

201 and 202, or the first and second side walls 301 and 302), but extends between two oppositely arranged cross beams 500 or longitudinal beams 600, and the battery module is fixed with the adjacent cross beams 500 and/or longitudinal beams 600 through fasteners.

Because the cross beam and/or the longitudinal beam are arranged in the accommodating device in the prior art, the cross beam and/or the longitudinal beam occupy a large amount of installation space for accommodating the single batteries in the accommodating device, so that the volume utilization rate of the accommodating device is low, generally, the volume utilization rate of the accommodating device is about 40% or even lower, that is, only about 40% of the space in the accommodating device in the prior art can be used for installing the single batteries, so that the number of the single batteries which can be accommodated in the accommodating device is limited, the capacity and the voltage of the whole power battery pack are limited, and the cruising ability of the power battery pack is poor.

However, in the present disclosure, the single battery 100 extends between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 of the receiving device 200, the first end and the second end of the single battery 100 may be matched with the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, and the single battery 100 may be supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, so as to reduce the use of cross beams and/or longitudinal beams in the receiving device 200, and even the cross beams and/or longitudinal beams may not be used in the receiving device 200, so as to reduce the space occupied by the cross beams and/or longitudinal beams in the receiving device 200, improve the space utilization rate of the receiving device 200, enable as many single batteries 100 as possible to be arranged in the receiving device 200, and further improve the capacity, voltage and endurance of the entire power battery pack. For example, in an electric vehicle, the design can improve the space utilization rate from about 40% to more than 60% or even higher, such as 80%.

In addition, cross beams and/or longitudinal beams are not required to be arranged in the accommodating device 200, so that on one hand, the manufacturing process of the accommodating device 200 is simplified, the assembly complexity of the single battery 100 is reduced, and the production cost is reduced, and on the other hand, the weight of the accommodating device 200 and the whole power battery pack is reduced, and the light weight of the power battery pack is realized. Particularly, when the power battery pack is installed on the electric vehicle, the cruising ability of the electric vehicle can be improved, and the light weight of the electric vehicle is realized.

In addition, compare in the battery cell 100 among the prior art, the battery cell 100 that this disclosure provided extends between first frame 201 and second frame 202, the both ends of battery cell 100 support respectively on first frame 201 and second frame 202, battery cell 100 itself alright be used as the crossbeam or the longeron of strengthening accommodate device 200 structural strength, that is to say, need not to set up the additional strengthening structure who is used for strengthening its structural strength among the accommodate device 200 again, direct through battery cell 100 itself alright replace additional strengthening structure to guarantee the structural strength of accommodate device 200, ensure that accommodate device 200 is difficult for taking place the deformation under the exogenic action. Moreover, under the condition of constant volume, because the size and the length of the single battery in the prior art are small and short, the opposite ends of the single battery cannot be matched with two edge beams (such as the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, or the first side wall 301 and the second side wall 302 in fig. 3) oppositely arranged in the accommodating device; because the length of the first direction A1 of the single battery 100 in this disclosure is longer, it is thinner along the thickness of the second direction A2 different from the first direction A1, thereby making, the surface area of the single battery 100 is greater than the surface area of the single battery in the prior art, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area of the single battery 100, improving the heat dissipation rate of the single battery 100, and further improving the safety of the whole power battery pack, and making the power battery pack safer and more reliable.

On one hand, the fixed connection mode can support the single battery in the third direction; on the other hand, the fixed connection mode can improve the stability and the firmness of the whole structure.

In some exemplary embodiments provided by the present disclosure, a first end of each unit cell 100 is fixed on the first frame 201, and a second end is fixed on the second frame 202. Here, there are various manners of fixing, for example, a first end of each unit cell 100 is detachably fixed to the first frame 201 by a fastener, and a second end is detachably fixed to the second frame 202 by a fastener; or, the first end and the second end of each unit battery 100 are respectively fixed on the first frame 201 or the second frame 202 by welding; alternatively, the first end and the second end of each single battery 100 are fixed on the first frame 201 or the second frame 202 by dispensing. The present disclosure does not limit a specific manner of fixing the first and second ends of the unit battery 100 to the first and

second rims

201 and 202.

In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the receiving device 200 is a tray for a vehicle, which is separately produced for receiving and mounting the unit batteries 100. As shown in fig. 20 and 21, when the unit batteries 100 are mounted in the tray for a vehicle, the tray for a vehicle may be mounted to a vehicle body by a fastener, for example, hung on a chassis of an electric vehicle.

In the tray for the vehicle, the width of the vehicle body is large, such as 1.2m-2m; longer length, such as between 2m and 5m; the corresponding vehicle body width and the vehicle body length are different for different vehicle types. The tray arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body has larger overall size requirement due to larger width and length of the vehicle body; the great tray size leads to in prior art, must still need set up the crossbeam in the tray inside except that setting up the frame that is located the avris on the tray, just can provide sufficient holding power and structural strength for inside battery cell that sets up. After the cross beam is added into the vehicle tray, the weight and the internal space of the whole vehicle tray are occupied, so that the space which can be effectively utilized is lower in the tray; simultaneously, because the existence of crossbeam, for the installation of cooperation crossbeam, must set up a plurality of battery module in tray inside width and length direction, the installation is complicated, and the mounting structure spare that needs is also more.

Then, if the cross member is removed, the module layout and the cell layout in the prior art cannot provide sufficient structural strength to the battery module, and the tray cannot provide sufficient bearing force.

In the present disclosure, both ends of the unit cell 100 are supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, and the weight of the unit cell is divided into two tray frames; on the basis of removing the cross beam, the bearing capacity of the tray is effectively improved; meanwhile, the single battery 100 can also be used as an integral reinforcing structure of the power battery pack, so that the integral structural strength of the power battery pack is improved.

In some embodiments, when the power battery pack is used as a power battery pack for supplying electric energy in a vehicle, the first direction A1 of the single battery 100 may be the width direction of the vehicle, i.e., the left and right direction of the vehicle, and as an alternative embodiment, the length of the single battery 100 along the first direction A1 may be 500mm to 1000mm, so that the length of the single battery 100 can be adapted to the width of the vehicle.

In another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 16, the accommodating device 200 may also be formed directly on the electric vehicle, that is, the accommodating device 200 is a device formed at any suitable position on the electric vehicle for mounting the single battery 100. For example, the receiving device 200 may be formed on a chassis of an electric vehicle.

In this embodiment, the accommodating device has a first frame 201 and a second frame 202 disposed opposite to each other along the first direction A1, wherein a distance between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 matches with a distance between the first end and the second end of the single battery 100 in the first direction, where the matching means that a distance between two frames or two side walls in the following description can match with each other to mount one single battery 100, and the matching may be various matching methods such as clearance fit, interference fit, fastening fit, fixing fit, and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 16, at least one accommodating device 200 is formed on the electric vehicle, the at least one accommodating device 200 is a cavity 300 formed on the electric vehicle, and a plurality of single batteries 100 are disposed in the accommodating device 200.

In some embodiments, the receiving device 200 may be a cavity 300 recessed downward to facilitate the assembly of the unit battery 100, and optionally, the receiving device 200 may be integrally formed with a chassis of the electric vehicle and formed as the cavity 300 recessed downward from the chassis.

In a specific embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the cavity 300 may include a first side wall 301 and a second side wall 302 which are oppositely disposed, and optionally, the first frame 201 and/or the second frame 202 may be extended downward from the chassis of the electric vehicle. The first frame 201 is an extension of the first sidewall 301 and the first sidewall 301 of the chamber 300, and the second frame 202 is an extension of the second sidewall 302 and the second sidewall 302 of the chamber 300. Thus, as an alternative embodiment, the first end of the unit battery 100 may be supported on the extension portion of the first sidewall 301, and the second end of the unit battery 100 may be supported on the extension portion of the second sidewall 302. That is, the present disclosure also provides an electric vehicle capable of arranging the unit cells 100 according to the above technical solution, and the electric vehicle is formed with a cavity 300 having the same characteristics as the separate vehicle tray, thereby constituting the battery housing device 200 provided by the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, in an exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the extension of the first sidewall 301 and the extension of the second sidewall 302 form a bottom 305 of the cavity 300, and in an embodiment, the extension of the first sidewall 301 meets the extension of the second sidewall 302, so that the cavity 300 is formed as the cavity 300 having a U-shaped groove recessed downward, and the single battery 100 can be supported by the bottom 305 of the cavity 300. In another embodiment, the extension of the first sidewall 301 may also be spaced a distance from the extension of the second sidewall 302.

Referring back to the single cell 100 as shown in fig. 3 to 6, in some embodiments, the single cell 100 is perpendicular to the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, a distance between the first end and the second end of the single cell 100 is L1, and a distance between an inner surface of the first frame 201 and an inner surface of the second frame 202 is L2, wherein a ratio of L1 to L2 satisfies L1/L2 ≧ 50%. In other words, only one unit battery 100 is arranged between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 along the first direction A1, and the relationship of the distance between the unit battery 100 and the two frames is arranged in the first direction A1, so that the unit battery 100 can serve as a cross beam or a longitudinal beam. In the exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, only one single battery 100 is arranged between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 along the first direction A1, so that the single battery 100 itself can be used as a cross beam or a longitudinal beam for enhancing the structural strength of the accommodating device 200, and in other possible embodiments, such a size ratio is satisfied.

In some embodiments, the ratio of L1 to L2 may satisfy 80% or more and L1/L2 or less and 97% or less, so that the first end and the second end of the single battery 100 are as close to the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 as possible, and even abut against the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, so as to implement the force dispersion and transmission through the structure of the single battery 100 itself, ensure that the single battery 100 can be used as a beam or a stringer for enhancing the structural strength of the accommodating device 200, and ensure that the accommodating device 200 has sufficient strength to resist the deformation of external force.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the plurality of unit cells 100 may have a plurality of arrangements in the receiving device 200, and in one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the plurality of unit cells 100 are arranged along a second direction A2 different from the first direction A1. The plurality of unit cells 100 may be arranged at intervals along the second direction A2, or may be arranged closely, as shown in the present embodiment, along the second direction A2 perpendicular to the first direction A1 to make the most of the space.

In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the first direction A1 may be perpendicular to the second direction A2, the first direction A1 is a length direction of each unit battery 100, and the second direction A2 is a length direction of the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, that is, a thickness direction of each unit battery 100. That is, the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are perpendicular to the unit batteries 100, and both ends of each unit battery 100 in the length direction are supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202. Like this, when first frame 201 and/or second frame 202 received external force and assault, a plurality of battery cells 100 can carry out the conduction and the dispersion of power to better play additional strengthening's effect, improve accommodate device 200 and resist the ability of external force deformation. In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are linear structures, and the second direction A2 is a linear direction, in some possible embodiments, the first frame and the second frame may be curved structures, in which case the first direction may also be a circumferential direction, and the corresponding second direction is a radial direction.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 23, the power battery pack is arranged with a plurality of layers of the plurality of unit batteries 100 along the third direction A3. In other words, the plurality of unit batteries 100 are arranged in a plurality of layers stacked in the third direction A3, the plurality of unit batteries 100 in each layer are located between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, and the number of layers of the unit batteries 100 may be set according to the size of the receiving device 200. In this way, a plurality of single batteries 100 can be arranged in the limited space of the accommodating device 200 as much as possible, thereby further improving the volume utilization rate of the accommodating device 200 and improving the capacity, voltage and endurance of the power battery pack. In an exemplary embodiment, the first direction A1 and the second direction A2 may be perpendicular to each other, and the third direction A3 may be perpendicular to the first direction A1 and the second direction A2. More specifically, the first direction A1 and the second direction A2 are front-rear-left-right directions in the horizontal direction, and the third direction A3 is a vertical direction. Alternatively, the unit cells 100 in each layer may or may not be connected to each other, and the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In the above embodiment, the single cells stacked in the third direction may be single cells with both ends engaged with the first frame and the second frame, or may be single cells directly placed on top of the next single cell without being supported or connected by the engagement of the first frame and the second frame.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the first electrode 101 of the single battery 100 is led out from the single battery 100 towards the first end of the first frame 201, and the second electrode 102 of the single battery 100 is led out from the single battery 100 towards the second end of the second frame 202. In other words, the length direction of the unit battery 100 may be the current direction inside the unit battery 100, that is, the current direction inside the unit battery 100 is the first direction A1. Thus, since the current direction is the same as the length direction of the unit battery 100, the effective heat dissipation area of the unit battery 100 is larger, and the heat dissipation efficiency is better. Here, the first electrode 101 may be a positive electrode of the unit battery 100, and the second electrode 102 is a negative electrode of the unit battery 100; alternatively, the first electrode 101 is a negative electrode of the unit battery 100, and the second electrode 102 is a positive electrode of the unit battery 100.

The unit cells 100 may have any suitable structure and shape, and in one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the unit cells 100 are rectangular cells having a rectangular parallelepiped structure and have a length, a thickness and a height between the length and the thickness, each unit cell 100 is placed on its side, the length direction of each unit cell 100 is a first direction A1, the thickness direction is a second direction A2, and the height direction is a third direction A3, and two adjacent unit cells 100 are arranged in a large-to-large manner. In other words, the rectangular parallelepiped has a length L in the longitudinal direction, a thickness D in the thickness direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and a height H in the height direction, which is between the length L and the thickness D. Specifically, the unit battery 100 has a large face, a narrow face, and an end face, the long side of the large face having the above length L, and the short side having the above height H; the long side of the narrow side has the length L, and the short side has the thickness D; the long side of the end face has the height H and the short side has the thickness D. The single battery 100 is placed on the side, that is, two end faces of the single battery 100 respectively face the first frame 201 and the second frame, and the large faces of two adjacent single batteries 100 are opposite, so that the single battery 100 has a function of replacing a cross beam, and the single battery 100 has a better effect and higher strength. In other embodiments, the unit cell 100 may also be a cylindrical battery,

in the prior art, how to design the shape and size of the single battery 100 so that the single battery can not only have appropriate battery capacity and good heat dissipation effect has been one of the problems to be solved in the battery technology field.

In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the ratio of the length L and the thickness D of the unit battery 100 satisfies 50L/D70. Under this ratio, the single battery 100 having a long length and a thin thickness can be obtained, and thus, it can be ensured that a proper resistance value, a high heat dissipation area and a high heat dissipation efficiency can be maintained even when the length of the single battery 100 extends in the first direction A1, and the adaptability to various vehicle types is good.

In another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the ratio of the surface area S to the volume V of the unit cell 100 satisfies 0.15 ≦ S/V ≦ 0.2. Under this ratio, can be longer through above-mentioned length, the thin battery cell 100 of thickness realizes, also can realize through the adjustment of size, through the ratio of the superficial area S of control battery cell 100 and volume V, when can guarantee that battery cell 100 'S length extends along first direction A1, possesses sufficient heat radiating area to guarantee battery cell 100' S radiating effect.

In still another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the ratio of the surface area S to the energy E of the unit cell 100 satisfies 250. Ltoreq. S/E. Ltoreq.400. At this ratio, the length of the unit battery 100 can be increased, and the thickness of the unit battery can be decreased. The thickness of the single battery is thin, and the adjustment of other sizes can be realized. By controlling the ratio of the surface area S of the single battery 100 to the energy E, the surface area of the single battery 100 can meet the heat dissipation requirement while the single battery 100 has a certain energy E.

In some embodiments, in an implementation manner provided by the present disclosure, the single battery 100 may be a metal-case prismatic battery, that is, the case of the single battery 100 is made of a metal material, and the heat conductivity of the metal is better, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the single battery 100 can be further improved, and the heat dissipation effect can be optimized. In another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the battery cell 100 may be a pouch battery, and the pouch battery refers to a polymer housing on a liquid lithium ion battery, and is structurally packaged by an aluminum-plastic film, and when a potential safety hazard occurs, the pouch battery will blow and crack, and will not explode, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 100.

In addition, in one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the accommodating device 200 may further include a third frame 203 and a fourth frame 204 oppositely disposed along a second direction A2 different from the first direction A1, and the plurality of unit cells 100 are arranged between the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204 along the second direction A2. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the first direction A1 may be perpendicular to the second direction A2, and the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 are perpendicular to and connected to the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204, so that the receiving device 200 is formed in a rectangular or square shape. In other embodiments, the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 may be parallel to each other, and the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204 may be disposed at an angle to the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, so that the accommodating device 200 is formed in a trapezoid shape, a parallelogram shape, or the like. The present disclosure does not limit the specific shape of the accommodating device 200 formed by the first frame 201, the second frame 202, the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204.

It should be noted that, whether the accommodating device 200 is a separately produced vehicle tray for accommodating and mounting the single battery 100 or a cavity 300 integrally formed with a chassis of the electric vehicle, the shape and structure of the accommodating device are substantially the same, and the structure in which the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, the first side plate 209, the second side plate 210, the first elastic buffer plate 205, the second elastic buffer plate 206, and the like are mounted in the vehicle tray is also applicable to the cavity 300, and the dimensional relationship between the vehicle tray and the single battery 100 is also applicable to the cavity 300 and the single battery 100.

Accordingly, the present disclosure also provides a battery housing device, which is a cavity 200 formed on a battery car, and the cavity 200 may be the housing device 200 mentioned above and below.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the third frame 203 applies a force to the unit cell 100 adjacent to the third frame 203 toward the fourth frame 204, and the fourth frame 204 applies a force to the unit cell 100 adjacent to the fourth frame 204 toward the third frame 203, so that the plurality of unit cells 100 can be closely arranged between the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204 along the second direction A2, and the plurality of unit cells 100 can be attached to each other. In addition, the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204 may limit the plurality of unit batteries 100 in the second direction A2, and particularly, when the unit batteries 100 are slightly expanded, may buffer and provide an inward pressure to the unit batteries 100, so as to prevent the unit batteries 100 from being excessively expanded and deformed. Particularly, when the unit cell 100 is provided with the explosion-proof valve 103 and the Current Interrupt Device (CID) device, the expansion of the unit cell 100 may be effectively restricted by the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204, so that when the unit cell 100 fails and expands, the inside thereof may have sufficient air pressure to burst the explosion-proof valve 103 or the flip piece inside the Current Interrupt Device (CID) device, thereby short-circuiting the unit cell 100, ensuring the safety of the unit cell 100, and preventing the unit cell 100 from exploding.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, a first elastic buffer plate 205 may be disposed between the third frame 203 and the unit cell 100 adjacent to the third frame 203, and/or a second elastic buffer plate 206 may be disposed between the fourth frame 204 and the unit cell 100 adjacent to the fourth frame 204. The first elastic buffer plate 205 may be installed on the third frame 203, the second elastic buffer plate 206 may be installed on the fourth frame 204, and the plurality of unit cells 100 are closely arranged by the first elastic buffer plate 205 and the second elastic buffer plate 206, so that the number of unit cells 100 arranged between the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204 may be adjusted by changing the installation distance between the first elastic buffer plate 205 and the second elastic buffer plate 206 and the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204 without changing the distance between the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 10, the explosion-proof valve 103 is disposed at a first end of the single battery 100 facing the first frame 201, the first frame 201 is internally provided with an exhaust channel 222, the first frame 201 is provided with an air inlet 221 at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 103 of each single battery 100, the air inlet 221 is communicated with the exhaust channel 222, and the accommodating device 200 is provided with an exhaust hole communicated with the exhaust channel 222; and/or the second end of the single battery 100 facing the second frame 202 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 103, the second frame 202 is internally provided with an exhaust channel 222, the second frame 202 is provided with an air inlet 221 corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 103 of each single battery 100, the air inlet 221 is communicated with the exhaust channel 222, and the accommodating device 200 is provided with an exhaust hole communicated with the exhaust channel 222. In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 12 and 14, the air inlet 221 may also be formed on the first end plate 207 and the first rim 201, and/or the second end plate 208 and the second rim 202.

In the prior art, in the use of battery cell, if its inside atmospheric pressure increases to certain degree, then the explosion-proof valve is opened, and inside flame, smog or the gas of battery cell can discharge through the explosion-proof valve, and this flame, smog or gas are gathered in the inside of power battery package, if can't discharge in time, then can cause secondary damage to battery cell. However, in the present disclosure, since the first frame 201 and/or the second frame 202 is provided with the air inlet 221 corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 103 of the battery cell 100, and the first frame 201 and/or the second frame 202 is provided with the air exhaust channel 222 inside, when the air pressure inside the battery cell 100 increases, the explosion-proof valve 103 thereof is opened, and the flame, smoke, or gas inside thereof will directly enter the air exhaust channel 222 inside the first frame 201 and/or the second frame 202 through the air inlet 221 and be exhausted out of the first frame 201 and/or the second frame 202 through the air exhaust hole, for example, to the atmosphere, so that the flame, smoke, or gas will not be gathered inside the accommodating device 200, thereby avoiding the flame, smoke, or gas from causing secondary damage to the battery cell 100.

In addition, in an embodiment provided by the present disclosure, a plurality of unit batteries 100 may be directly mounted in the receiving device 200, and first and second ends of the unit batteries 100 may be supported on the first and

second rims

201 and 202, respectively. In another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 15, a plurality of unit batteries 100 may be assembled into at least one battery module and then the battery module is mounted in the receiving device 200. Based on the technical idea of the present disclosure, the technical effect of the present disclosure can be also achieved through the external structure of the battery module and the matching relationship between the first frame and the second frame.

In one embodiment, a first end plate is arranged between the first end of at least part of the single batteries and the first frame; a second end plate is arranged between the second end of at least part of the single batteries in the plurality of single batteries and the second frame; the first end of at least part of the single batteries is supported on the first frame through the first end plate, and the second end of at least part of the single batteries is supported on the second frame through the second end plate; the first end plate, the second end plate and at least part of the single batteries form a battery module.

At least part of the plurality of unit batteries 100, as shown in fig. 12 and 14, one unit battery 100 adjacent to the first frame 201 is provided with a first end plate 207 at an end toward the first frame 201; at least one of the plurality of unit batteries 100 adjacent to the second frame 202 is provided with a second end plate 208 at an end of the unit battery 100 facing the second frame 202; each unit cell 100 is supported on the first frame 201 by a first end plate 207, and each unit cell 100 is supported on the second frame 202 by a second end plate 208; the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, and at least a portion of the plurality of unit batteries 100 constitute a battery module. The first end plate 207 may be one, the second end plate 208 may be one, and the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208 and the plurality of unit batteries 100 constitute a battery module supported between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 by the first end plate 207 and the second end plate 208. The first end plate 207 may be a plurality of, the second end plate 208 may be a plurality of, a plurality of first end plates 207, second end plates 208, the unit cells 100 constitute a plurality of battery modules, each battery module is supported between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 by the corresponding first end plate 207 and second end plate 208, each battery module extends between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, and the plurality of first end plates 207, second end plates 208, and the plurality of unit cells are arranged along the length direction of the first frame 201 and the second frame 202. In the present disclosure, the number of the first and

second end plates

207 and 208, that is, the number of the battery modules is not limited.

In some embodiments, a module base plate 211 is disposed below at least some of the single batteries 100, the module base plate 211 is connected to the first end plate 207, and the module base plate 211 is connected to the second end plate 208; the module bottom plate 211, the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208 and the at least part of the unit batteries 100 constitute the battery module. In other words, a module bottom plate 211 is disposed under at least a portion of the plurality of unit batteries 100, the module bottom plate 211 is connected to the first end plate 207, and the module bottom plate 211 is connected to the second end plate 208; the module bottom plate 211, the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208 and at least a portion of the plurality of unit batteries 100 form a battery module. In other words, the module bottom plate 211 may be one, the first end plate 207 and the second end plate 208 are connected to the module bottom plate 211, the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, and the module bottom plate 211 form an accommodating space for accommodating the plurality of unit batteries 100, and during installation, after the plurality of unit batteries 100 are arranged in the accommodating space, the first end plate 207 and the second end plate 208 are supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202. The module base plate 211 may be a plurality of such that a plurality of battery modules are constructed with the plurality of first and

second end plates

207 and 208, and the plurality of battery modules are mounted in the receiving device 200.

In some embodiments, a module top plate 212 is disposed above at least some of the single batteries 100, the module top plate 212 is connected to the first end plate 207, and the module top plate 212 is connected to the second end plate 208; the module top plate 212, the module bottom plate 211, the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208 and the at least part of the unit batteries 100 form the battery module. In other words, a module top plate 212 is disposed above at least a portion of the plurality of unit batteries 100, the module top plate 212 is connected to the first end plate 207, and the module top plate 212 is connected to the second end plate 208; the module top plate 212, the module bottom plate 211, the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208 and at least a portion of the plurality of unit batteries 100 form a battery module. In other words, the module top plate 212 is located on the top of the first end plate 207 and the second end plate 208, the module bottom plate 211 is located on the bottom of the first end plate 207 and the second end plate 208, and the unit batteries 100 are located between the module top plate 212 and the module bottom plate 211, so that the module top plate 212 and the module bottom plate 211 can prevent the unit batteries 100 from moving up and down, and the stability of the unit batteries 100 is increased.

In some embodiments, the accommodating device 200 is provided with a third frame 203 and a fourth frame 204 opposite to each other along a second direction A2 different from the first direction A1, a first side plate 209 is provided on a side of the unit cell 100 adjacent to the third frame 203, which faces the third frame 203, a second side plate 210 is provided on a side of the unit cell 100 adjacent to the fourth frame 204, which faces the fourth frame 204, and the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, the first side plate 209, the second side plate 210, the module top plate 212, the module bottom plate 211 and at least a part of the plurality of unit cells 100 form a battery module. The battery module may be one or a plurality of battery modules, the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, the first side plate 209, and the second side plate 210 may be disposed around the module top plate 212 and the module bottom plate 211, the first end plate 207 is fixed on the first frame 201, the second end plate 208 is fixed on the second frame 202, the first side plate 209 is fixed on the third frame 203, the second side plate 210 is fixed on the fourth frame 204, and the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, the first side plate 209, the second side plate 210, the module top plate 212, and the module bottom plate 211 jointly define a closed accommodating space for accommodating the plurality of unit batteries 100, so that when the unit batteries 100 are in failure and are in fire and explosion, the failure of the unit batteries 100 can be controlled within a certain range by the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, the first side plate 209, the second side plate 210, the module top plate 212, and the module bottom plate 211, and the explosion of the unit batteries 100 can be prevented from affecting surrounding components. Alternatively, the first side plate 209 may be the above-mentioned first elastic buffer plate 205, and the second side plate 210 may be the above-mentioned second elastic buffer plate 206, so that the first side plate 209 and the second side plate 210 have a function of limiting the expansion deformation of the plurality of unit batteries 100, thereby ensuring the activation of the explosion-proof valve 103 and/or the Current Interrupt Device (CID).

In another embodiment, a module base plate 211 is disposed below at least some of the unit batteries 100 in the plurality of unit batteries 100, and the at least some unit batteries 100 are supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 by the module base plate 211; the module bottom plate 211 and at least a part of the unit batteries 100 constitute a battery module. In other words, a module bottom plate 211 is disposed below at least a portion of the plurality of unit batteries 100, and each unit battery 100 is supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 by the module bottom plate 211; the module bottom plate 211 and at least a part of a plurality of battery cells 100 constitute the battery module, and in this embodiment, a plurality of battery cells 100 pass through the module bottom plate 211 and support on first frame 201 and second frame 202, have simplified the structure of battery module, do benefit to the lightweight that realizes the power battery package.

In one embodiment, at least two battery modules are arranged in the second direction A2 different from the first direction A1, and the plurality of battery modules are arranged in the second direction A2. In other embodiments, there may be one battery module.

The first end plate 207 and the second end plate 208, or the module base plate 211 may be supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 through various embodiments, for example, the first end plate and the second end plate may be detachably fastened to the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 through fasteners, without limiting the present disclosure; or fixed with the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 by welding; or connected with the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 in a dispensing manner; or directly prevented from being supported by the first bezel 201 and the second bezel 202 on the first bezel 201 and the second bezel 202.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 23, the power battery pack has a plurality of layers of the battery modules arranged along the third direction A3. For an embodiment in which the unit batteries 100 are disposed in the receiving device 200 through the battery modules, the battery modules may be a plurality of layers stacked in the third direction A3, with at least one battery module in each layer. Thus, the volume utilization rate of the accommodating device 200 can be further improved, and the cruising ability of the power battery pack can be further improved.

In the above-described embodiment, the battery modules stacked in the third direction may be battery modules having both ends engaged with the first and second rims, or may be directly placed on top of the next battery module without being supported or connected by engagement with the first and second rims.

In some embodiments, for the embodiment in which the battery module includes the module base plate 211, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, a heat insulation layer 217 may be disposed between the module base plate 211 and the single battery 100 to insulate the single battery 100 from heat transfer from the outside, so as to achieve the function of heat insulation of the single battery 100, and avoid thermal interference between the external environment outside the accommodating device 200 and the single battery 100 inside the accommodating device 200. Alternatively, the insulation layer 217 may be made of a material having an insulation function, for example, insulation cotton.

For the embodiment of the battery module including the module top plate 212, as shown in fig. 11, a heat conducting plate 218 may be disposed between the module top plate 212 and the single battery 100 to facilitate heat dissipation of the single battery 100 and ensure that the temperature difference between the plurality of single batteries 100 is not too large. The thermally conductive plate 218 may be made of a material having good thermal conductivity, for example, the thermally conductive plate 218 may be made of a material having high thermal conductivity such as copper or aluminum.

In one embodiment, the module top plate 212 is a liquid cooling plate 219 having a cooling structure therein, and a cooling liquid is provided inside the liquid cooling plate 219, so that the unit battery 100 can be cooled by the cooling liquid, and the unit battery 100 can be at an appropriate operating temperature. Because the liquid cooling plate 219 and the single battery 100 are provided with the heat conducting plate 218, when the single battery 100 is cooled by the cooling liquid, the temperature difference at each position of the liquid cooling plate 219 can be equalized by the heat conducting plate 218, so that the temperature difference between the plurality of single batteries 100 is controlled within 1 ℃.

In order to improve the cooling effect of the liquid-cooling plate 219, as shown in fig. 17 to fig. 19, a gas-liquid separator 223 may be disposed upstream of the liquid-cooling plate 219, and since the cooling liquid in the liquid-cooling plate 219 may come from other thermal management circuits of the vehicle, the cooling liquid may be a mixed cooling liquid of a gas state and a liquid state, after the gas-liquid mixed cooling liquid is subjected to gas-liquid separation by the gas-liquid separator 223, it may be ensured that the pure liquid-phase cooling liquid enters the liquid-cooling plate 219 to cool the single battery 100, and the cooling effect is ensured.

The cold liquid plate may have any suitable configuration. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 17, the liquid cooling plate 219 may have a plurality of coolant pipes 224 therein, each coolant pipe 224 is formed in a U-shaped structure to have a coolant inlet 225 and a coolant outlet 226 located on the same side, the coolant inlets 225 and the coolant outlets 226 of the plurality of coolant pipes 224 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the plurality of coolant pipes 224, the power battery pack further includes a liquid inlet manifold 227 and a liquid outlet manifold 228, each coolant inlet 225 is communicated with the liquid inlet manifold 227, and each coolant outlet 226 is communicated with the liquid outlet manifold 228.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 18 and fig. 19, a plurality of coolant pipes 224 are provided in the liquid cooling plate 219, the plurality of coolant pipes 224 are straight pipes and are arranged in parallel at intervals, both ends of each coolant pipe 224 are respectively provided with a coolant inlet 225 and a coolant outlet 226 which are oppositely arranged, the coolant inlets 225 and the coolant outlets 226 of the plurality of coolant pipes 224 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the plurality of coolant pipes 224, the power battery pack further comprises a liquid inlet manifold 227 and a liquid outlet manifold 228, each coolant inlet 225 is communicated with the liquid inlet manifold 227, and each coolant outlet 226 is communicated with the liquid outlet manifold 228. As shown in fig. 18 and 19, a coolant inlet 229 is disposed on the inlet manifold 227, a coolant outlet 230 is disposed on the outlet manifold 228, and the coolant inlet 229 and the coolant outlet 230 are disposed on the same side or opposite sides of the water-cooling plate.

In another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the module top plate 212 is a direct cooling plate 220 having a cooling structure therein, the direct cooling plate 220 is internally provided with a cooling medium, the cooling medium can be a cooling medium cooled by a vehicle air conditioning system, and the low-temperature cooling medium can effectively absorb heat of the battery cell 100, so that the temperature of the battery cell 100 is always maintained at a suitable temperature value. Wherein the piping in the direct cooling plate 220 and the liquid cooling plate 219 may be the same or different.

In addition, in order to enable the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 to provide a supporting force to the unit battery 100, in one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first frame 201 is provided with a first supporting step 213, and the second frame 202 is provided with a second supporting step 214; a first end of each unit cell 100 is supported on the first support step 213 and a second end of each unit cell 100 is supported on the second support step 214. Alternatively, the first support step 213 may protrude inward from the bottom of the first bezel 201, and the second support step 214 may protrude inward from the bottom of the second bezel 202. Compared with the prior art in which the single battery 100 is supported by the bottom plate in the receiving device 200, in the present disclosure, the single battery 100 is supported by the first supporting step 213 and the second supporting step 214 provided on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, so that the structure of the receiving device 200 provided by the present disclosure can be simplified, and the weight of the receiving device 200 can be reduced. Alternatively, an insulating plate may be disposed on the first and second support steps 213 and 214, and the insulating plate is located between the unit batteries 100 and the first and second support steps 213 and 214.

In some embodiments, the first frame 201 is further provided with a first fixing portion 215, the second frame 202 is further provided with a second fixing portion 216, a first end of each unit battery 100 is fixed on the first fixing portion 215, and a second end of each unit battery 100 is fixed on the second fixing portion 216. Alternatively, the first fixing portion 215 may be a third supporting step disposed on the first frame 201, the third supporting step being located above the first supporting step 213, and the second fixing portion 216 may be a fourth supporting step disposed on the second frame 202, the fourth supporting step being located above the second supporting step 214. The first and second ends of the battery may be fixed with the first and second fixing

parts

215 and 216 by fasteners; or welded to the first fixing portion 215 and the second fixing portion 216.

For the embodiment in which the plurality of unit cells 100 are provided with the first end plate 207 at one end adjacent to the first frame 201 and the second end plate 208 at one end adjacent to the second frame 202, the bottom of the first end plate 207 may be supported on the first support step 213, and the top or side wall of the first end plate 207 may be fixed on the first fixing portion 215; the bottom of the second end plate 208 may be supported on the second support step 214, and the top or side wall of the second end plate 208 may be fixed to the second fixing portion 216.

Further, when the power battery pack provided by the present disclosure is disposed on an electric vehicle, in one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the above-mentioned first direction A1 may be a width direction of a vehicle body, i.e., a left-right direction of the vehicle, and the second direction A2 may be a body length direction of the vehicle, i.e., a front-rear direction of the vehicle, so that the unit batteries 100 function as a lateral reinforcement beam in the housing device 200 since the unit batteries 100 extend in the first direction A1. In another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the first direction A1 mentioned above may be a vehicle body length direction of the vehicle, i.e., a front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the second direction A2 may be a width direction of the vehicle body, i.e., a left-right direction of the vehicle, so that the unit batteries 100 function as longitudinal reinforcing beams in the receiving device 200 as the unit batteries 100 extend in the first direction A1.

According to another aspect of the disclosure, an energy storage device is provided, and the energy storage device comprises the power battery pack. The energy storage device can be used for passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, special vehicles, ships, standby power supplies (dps and ups), electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric scooters and other devices which need to use the single battery 100 to provide electric energy for the vehicles.

According to a further aspect of the present disclosure, an electric vehicle is provided, wherein at least one accommodating device 200 is formed on the electric vehicle, and the accommodating device 200 is the cavity 300 integrally formed on the electric vehicle.

According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, an electric vehicle is provided, which includes the power battery pack as described above, and the accommodating device 200 in the power battery pack is a separately produced vehicle tray for accommodating and mounting the single batteries 100.

Here, the electric vehicle may include a commercial vehicle, a special vehicle, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric scooter, and the like, which need to be powered by a power battery pack to drive the electric vehicle.

In some embodiments, the power battery pack is disposed at the bottom of the electric vehicle, and the accommodating device 200 is fixedly connected to the chassis of the electric vehicle. Because the installation space of the electric vehicle chassis is larger, the power battery pack is arranged on the electric vehicle chassis, so that the number of the single batteries 100 can be increased as much as possible, and the cruising ability of the electric vehicle is improved.

In some embodiments, the electric vehicle includes a power battery pack disposed at the bottom of the electric vehicle, the accommodating device 200 is fixedly connected to a chassis of the electric vehicle, the first direction A1 is a body width direction of the electric vehicle, i.e., a left-right direction of the electric vehicle, and the second direction A2 is a body length direction of the electric vehicle, i.e., a front-rear direction of the electric vehicle. In other embodiments, the electric vehicle may include a plurality of power battery packs disposed at a bottom of the electric vehicle, and the plurality of power battery packs may be identical or different in shape and size, and specifically, each power battery pack may be adjusted according to a shape and size of a chassis of the electric vehicle, and the plurality of power battery packs may be arranged along a length direction of a vehicle body, that is, a front-rear direction.

In some embodiments, in one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, a ratio of the width L3 of the accommodating device 200 in the first direction A1 to the vehicle body width W satisfies: 50% L3/W80%, in the present embodiment, can be achieved by providing only one accommodating device 200 in the width direction of the vehicle body, and when there are a plurality of accommodating devices 200, the plurality of accommodating devices 200 are arranged in the length direction of the vehicle body. Typically, for most vehicles, the body width is 500mm to 2000mm, e.g. 500mm, 1600mm, 1800mm, 2000mm, and the body length is 500mm to 5000mm, for passenger vehicles the width of the passenger vehicle is typically 500mm to 1800mm, and the length of the body is 500mm to 4000mm.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the length L4 of the unit battery 100 in the first direction A1 to the vehicle body width W satisfies: L4/W is more than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 70%. When the ratio of the length L4 of the unit battery 100 in the first direction A1 to the vehicle body width W satisfies, taking into account the thicknesses of the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 of the housing device 200: when L4/W is not less than 40% and not more than 70%, in the present embodiment, only one unit cell 100 may be provided in the width direction of the vehicle body. In other possible embodiments, in the case of satisfying such size requirements, it may be achieved by arranging a plurality of battery modules or a plurality of unit batteries in the longitudinal direction. In one embodiment, the length L4 of the unit cell 100 in the first direction A1 is 500mm to 1000mm.

It should be noted that, in some embodiments of the present invention, although a scheme is disclosed in which two ends of one single battery are respectively supported by the first frame and the second frame in a matching manner, in an actual production process, a single battery with a length dimension matching with a width of a vehicle body may not be manufactured; that is, the unit cell cannot be manufactured to a desired length for some reasons. Because the electric vehicle has requirements on the voltage platform of the single battery, and the volume of the single battery required by the electric vehicle is certain when the voltage platform is required to reach a certain value under a fixed material system; this makes it possible to reduce the thickness or width of the unit cell if the length thereof is increased. On the other hand, to ensure the surface area of the whole battery to improve the heat dissipation function, the length of the single battery cannot be increased by reducing the width (height) of the single battery on the premise; meanwhile, on the vehicle body, the utilization of the height space is limited, and in order to reduce the influence to the maximum extent, the width (height) of the single battery is not adjusted generally. Therefore, only the length of the unit cell in the first direction and the thickness of the unit cell in the second direction can be changed to change the surface area of the entire unit cell; therefore, if the length is increased, the thickness is reduced in a large probability. In fact, the thickness variation of the single battery has a minimum limit value because the battery core and related materials are required to be added inside the single battery; this makes it possible to limit the length of the battery cell to the limit value of the thickness, and to limit the length change in the first direction, and thus to increase the length of the battery cell only to an unlimited extent.

Therefore, in some embodiments, the above problem may be solved by providing two unit cells in the first direction. For example, in the scheme of originally arranging one single battery along the first direction, the length of the single battery along the first direction is 1000mm, and then after the scheme is used, two single batteries are arranged along the first direction, and the length of each single battery is about 450 mm. Less than half of 1000mm because of the need for additional mounting locations in the middle.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an electric vehicle is provided, wherein at least one accommodating device 200 is formed on the electric vehicle, a plurality of unit batteries 100 are arranged in the accommodating device 200, the accommodating device 200 includes a first frame 201 and a second frame 202 which are oppositely arranged along a first direction A1, the plurality of unit batteries 100 are arranged between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202, the length of the unit batteries along the first direction A1 is L1, and the distance between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 along the first direction A1 is L2, wherein L1/L2 is greater than or equal to 50%.

Optionally, a first end of each cell is supported on the first frame 201 and a second end of each cell is supported on the second frame 202.

Optionally, the length of the unit cell in the first direction is 500mm to 1000mm.

Optionally, the first frame 201 and/or the second frame 202 is extended downward from the chassis of the electric vehicle.

Alternatively, the receiving device 200 is integrally formed with a chassis of the electric vehicle and is formed as a cavity 300 recessed downward from the chassis.

Optionally, the cavity 300 includes a first sidewall 301 and a second sidewall 302 opposite to each other, the first bezel 201 is an extension of the first sidewall 301 and the first sidewall 301 of the cavity 300, and the second bezel 202 is an extension of the second sidewall 302 and the second sidewall 302 of the cavity 300.

Optionally, an extension of the first sidewall 301 and an extension of the second sidewall 302 form a bottom 305 of the cavity 300.

Alternatively, the plurality of unit cells 100 are arranged in a second direction A2 different from the first direction A1.

Alternatively, the electric vehicle is arranged with a plurality of layers of the unit batteries 100 along the third direction A3, and the plurality of unit batteries 100 in each layer are located between the first frame 201 and the second frame 202.

Alternatively, each unit battery 100 is disposed with the first direction A1 as a longitudinal direction.

Optionally, the accommodating device 200 includes a third frame 203 and a fourth frame 204 disposed opposite to each other along a second direction A2 different from the first direction A1, and the plurality of unit cells 100 are arranged between the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204 along the second direction A2.

Optionally, the third rim 203 applies a force to the unit cell 100 disposed adjacent to the third rim 203 toward the fourth rim 304, and the fourth rim 204 applies a force to the unit cell 100 disposed adjacent to the fourth rim 204 toward the third rim 203.

Optionally, a first elastic buffer plate 205 is disposed between the third frame 203 and the unit cell 100 adjacent to the third frame 203, and/or a second elastic buffer plate 206 is disposed between the fourth frame 204 and the unit cell 100 adjacent to the fourth frame 204.

Alternatively, a first end of each unit cell 100 is fixed to the first frame 201, and a second end is fixed to the second frame 202.

Optionally, a first end plate 207 is disposed between the first end of at least some of the single batteries in the plurality of single batteries 100 and the first frame 201; a second end plate 208 is arranged between the second end of at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries 100 and the second frame 202; at least a part of the single batteries 100 are supported at the first frame 201 through the first end plate 207, and at least a part of the single batteries 100 are supported at the second frame 202 through the second end plate 208; the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, and at least a portion of the unit cells 100 constitute a battery module.

Optionally, a module base plate 211 is disposed below at least some of the single batteries 100 in the plurality of single batteries 100, and at least some of the single batteries 100 are supported on the first frame 201 and the second frame 202 by the module base plate 211; the module base plate 211 and at least a part of the unit batteries 100 constitute a battery module.

Optionally, a module bottom plate 211 is disposed below at least a portion of the single batteries, the module bottom plate 211 is connected to the first end plate 207, and the module bottom plate 211 is connected to the second end plate 208; the module bottom plate 211, the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208 and at least a portion of the unit batteries 100 constitute a battery module.

Optionally, a module top plate 212 is disposed above at least a portion of the single batteries 100, the module top plate 212 is connected to the first end plate 207, and the module top plate 212 is connected to the second end plate 208; the module top plate 212, the module bottom plate 211, the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208 and at least a portion of the unit batteries 100 constitute a battery module.

Optionally, the accommodating device 200 is provided with a third frame 203 and a fourth frame 204 opposite to each other along a second direction A2 different from the first direction A1, a first side plate 209 is provided on a side of the single battery 100 adjacent to the third frame 203, which faces the third frame 203, a second side plate 210 is provided on a side of the single battery 100 adjacent to the fourth frame 204, which faces the fourth frame 204, and the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, the first side plate 209, the second side plate 210, the module top plate 212, the module bottom plate 211 and at least part of the single battery 100 form a battery module.

Alternatively, the number of the battery modules is at least two in a second direction A2 different from the first direction A1.

Alternatively, the electric vehicle is arranged with a plurality of layers of battery modules in the third direction A3.

Optionally, the single cell 100 is a square cell with a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and has a length L, a thickness D, and a height H between the length L and the thickness D, each single cell 100 is placed on its side, the length direction of each single cell 100 is a first direction A1, the thickness direction is a second direction A2, and the height direction is a third direction A3, and two adjacent single cells 100 are arranged in a large-face-to-large-face manner.

Optionally, the first frame 201 is provided with a first supporting step 213, and the second frame 202 is provided with a second supporting step 214; a first end of each unit cell 100 is supported at the first support step 213 and a second end of each unit cell 100 is supported at the second support step 214.

Optionally, the first frame 201 is provided with a first fixing portion 215, and the second frame 202 is provided with a second fixing portion 216; a first end of each unit cell 100 is fixed to the first fixing portion 215, and a second end of each unit cell 100 is fixed to the second fixing portion 216.

Optionally, a first end plate 207 is disposed between the first ends of the plurality of single batteries 100 and the first frame 201, a second end plate 208 is disposed between the second ends of the plurality of single batteries 100 and the second frame 202, a module bottom plate 211 is disposed below the plurality of single batteries 100, a module top plate 212 is disposed above the plurality of single batteries 100, a third frame 203 and a fourth frame 204 are disposed in the accommodating device 200 along a second direction A2 different from the first direction A1, a first side plate 209 is disposed between the single batteries 100 adjacent to the third frame 203 and the third frame 203, a second side plate 210 is disposed between the single batteries 100 adjacent to the fourth frame 204 and the fourth frame 204, and the first end plate 207, the second end plate 208, the first side plate 209, the second side plate 210, the module top plate 212, the module bottom plate 211 and the plurality of single batteries 100 form a battery module.

Optionally, the ratio of the length L and the thickness D of the single battery 100 satisfies 50 ≦ L/D ≦ 70.

Alternatively, the ratio of the surface area S to the volume V of the unit cell 100 satisfies 0.15. Ltoreq. S/V. Ltoreq.0.2.

Optionally, the ratio of the surface area S of the single battery 100 to the energy E satisfies 250 ≦ S/E ≦ 400.

Alternatively, the unit cell 100 is a metal-can prismatic cell.

Optionally, a heat insulation layer 217 is disposed between the module base plate 211 and the unit batteries 100.

Optionally, a heat conductive plate 218 is disposed between the module top plate 212 and the unit battery 100.

Optionally, the module top plate 212 is a liquid cooled plate 219 or a direct cooled plate 220 with a cooling structure disposed therein.

Alternatively, the first electrode 101 of the single battery 100 is led out from the single battery 100 towards the first end of the first frame 201, and the second electrode 102 of the single battery 100 is led out from the single battery 100 towards the second end of the second frame 202.

Optionally, the first end of the single battery 100 facing the first frame 201 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 103, the first frame 201 is internally provided with an exhaust channel 222, the first frame 201 is provided with an air inlet 221 at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 103 of each single battery 100, the air inlet 221 is communicated with the exhaust channel 222, and the accommodating device 200 is provided with an exhaust hole communicated with the exhaust channel 222; and/or the second end of the single battery 100 facing the second frame 202 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 103, the second frame 202 is internally provided with an exhaust channel 222, the second frame 202 is provided with an air inlet 221 corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 103 of each single battery 100, the air inlet 221 is communicated with the exhaust channel 222, and the accommodating device 200 is provided with an exhaust hole communicated with the exhaust channel 222.

Optionally, the first direction A1 is a vehicle body width direction, and the second direction A2 is a vehicle body length direction; alternatively, the first direction A1 is the vehicle body longitudinal direction, and the second direction A2 is the vehicle body width direction.

Alternatively, the ratio of the width L3 of the accommodating device 200 in the first direction A1 to the vehicle body width W satisfies: L3/W is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 80%.

Alternatively, the ratio of the length L4 of the unit battery 100 in the first direction A1 to the vehicle body width W satisfies: L4/W is more than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 70%.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The electric vehicle is characterized in that at least one accommodating device (200) is formed on the electric vehicle, at least one accommodating device (200) is a cavity (300) formed on the electric vehicle, a plurality of single batteries (100) are arranged in the accommodating device (200), the surface area of each single battery (100) is S, the energy of each single battery (100) is E, and the ratio of S to E meets the requirement of 250mm ² ·Wh ^﹣1 ≤S/E≤400mm ² ·Wh ^﹣1 Every the length direction of battery cell (100) is first direction (A1), and the thickness direction is second direction (A2), and is a plurality of battery cell (100) are along being different from second direction (A2) of first direction (A1) arrange, battery cell (100) are the square cell of cuboid structure to have length L, thickness D and in height H between length L and the thickness D, every battery cell (100) are stood on one side and are placed, and the height direction is third direction (A3), adjacent two battery cell (100) arrange through the mode of big face to big face, battery cell follows the length of first direction is 500mm-1000mm.

2. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of said housing means (200) is a cavity (300) recessed downwards from the chassis of the electric vehicle.

3. An electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of said housing means (200) is formed integrally with the chassis of the electric vehicle.

4. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing means (200) comprises a first rim (201) and a second rim (202) arranged opposite to each other along a first direction (A1), the plurality of single batteries (100) being arranged between the first rim (201) and the second rim (202); the cavity (300) comprises a first side wall (301) and a second side wall (302) which are opposite, the first frame (201) is an extension of the first side wall (301) and the first side wall (301) of the cavity (300), and the second frame (202) is an extension of the second side wall (302) and the second side wall (302) of the cavity (300).

5. An electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that said extension of said first side wall (301) and said extension of said second side wall (302) form a bottom (305) of said cavity (300).

6. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the accommodating device (200) comprises a first frame (201) and a second frame (202) which are oppositely arranged along a first direction (A1), the length of the single battery along the first direction (A1) is L1, the distance between the first frame (201) and the second frame (202) along the first direction (A1) is L2, and L1/L2 is more than or equal to 50%; alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,

along the first direction (A1), the distance between the first end and the second end of each single battery (100) is matched with the distance between the first frame (201) and the second frame (202); alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,

along the first direction (A1), two single batteries (100) are arranged between the first frame (201) and the second frame (202).

7. The electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein L1/L2 is 80% or more and 97% or less.

8. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the receiving device (200) comprises a third frame (203) and a fourth frame (204) which are oppositely arranged along a second direction (A2) different from the first direction (A1), and the plurality of unit cells (100) are arranged between the third frame (203) and the fourth frame (204) along the second direction (A2).

9. The electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that the third rim (203) applies a force towards the fourth rim (204) to the battery cell (100) arranged adjacent to the third rim (203), and the fourth rim (204) applies a force towards the third rim (203) to the battery cell (100) arranged adjacent to the fourth rim (204).

10. An electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that a first elastic buffer plate (205) is arranged between the third rim (203) and the cell (100) adjacent to the third rim (203), and/or a second elastic buffer plate (206) is arranged between the fourth rim (204) and the cell (100) adjacent to the fourth rim (204).

11. The electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that a first side plate (209) is arranged on the side of the cell (100) adjacent to the third rim (203) facing the third rim (203), and a second side plate (210) is arranged on the side of the cell (100) adjacent to the fourth rim (204) facing the fourth rim (204).

12. The electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the receiving device (200) comprises a first frame (201) and a second frame (202) which are oppositely arranged along a first direction (A1), and a first end plate (207) is arranged between a first end of at least some of the plurality of single batteries (100) and the first frame (201); second end plates (208) are arranged between the second ends of at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries (100) and the second frame (202), and the first end plates (207), the second end plates (208), the first side plates (209), the second side plates (210) and the at least part of the single batteries (100) form a battery module.

13. The electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the receiving device (200) comprises a first frame (201) and a second frame (202) which are oppositely arranged along a first direction (A1), and a first end plate (207) is arranged between a first end of at least some of the plurality of single batteries (100) and the first frame (201); a second end plate (208) is arranged between the second end of at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries (100) and the second frame (202), a module top plate (212) is arranged above at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries (100), the module top plate (212) is connected with the first end plate (207), and the module top plate (212) is connected with the second end plate (208); the module top plate (212), the first end plate (207), the second end plate (208) and the at least part of the single batteries (100) form a battery module.

14. The electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the containing device (200) comprises a first frame (201) and a second frame (202) which are oppositely arranged along a first direction (A1), and a first end plate (207) is arranged between a first end of at least some of the single batteries (100) and the first frame (201); a second end plate (208) is arranged between the second end of at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries (100) and the second frame (202), a module bottom plate (211) is arranged above and below at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries (100), the module bottom plate (211) is connected with the first end plate (207), and the module bottom plate (211) is connected with the second end plate (208); the module bottom plate (211), the first end plate (207), the second end plate (208) and at least part of the single batteries (100) form a battery module.

15. The electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the containing device (200) comprises a first frame (201) and a second frame (202) which are oppositely arranged along a first direction (A1), and a first end plate (207) is arranged between a first end of at least some of the single batteries (100) and the first frame (201); a second end plate (208) is arranged between the second end of at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries (100) and the second frame (202), a module top plate (212) is arranged above at least part of the single batteries in the single batteries (100), and a module bottom plate (211) is arranged below at least part of the single batteries; the battery module comprises a first end plate (207), a second end plate (208), a first side plate (209), a second side plate (210), a module top plate (212), a module bottom plate (211) and at least part of single batteries (100).

16. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the number of the battery modules is at least two in a second direction (A2) different from the first direction (A1).

17. Electric vehicle according to any of claims 12-15, characterized in that the electric vehicle is arranged with a plurality of layers of battery modules in a third direction (A3).

18. An electric vehicle according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that a thermal insulation layer (217) is arranged between the module soleplate (211) and the battery cell (100).

19. The electric vehicle according to claim 13 or 15, characterized in that a heat conducting plate (218) is provided between the module top plate (212) and the unit battery (100).

20. An electric vehicle according to claim 13 or 15, characterized in that the module top plate (212) is a liquid cooled plate (219) or a direct cooled plate (220) with a cooling structure arranged inside.

21. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the length of the unit cell in the first direction is 500mm to 1000mm.

22. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the length of the single battery (100) is L, the thickness of the single battery (100) is D, and the ratio of L and D satisfies 50 ≦ L/D ≦ 70.

23. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the surface area of the single battery (100) is S, the volume of the single battery (100) is V, and the ratio of S to V satisfies 0.15 ≦ S/V ≦ 0.2.

24. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the single battery (100) is a metal-can prismatic battery.

25. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the receiving device (200) comprises a first frame (201) and a second frame (202) which are oppositely arranged along a first direction (A1), wherein a first electrode (101) of the single battery (100) is led out from the single battery (100) towards a first end of the first frame (201), and a second electrode (102) of the single battery (100) is led out from the single battery (100) towards a second end of the second frame (202).

26. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the accommodating device (200) comprises a first frame (201) and a second frame (202) which are oppositely arranged along a first direction (A1), the electric vehicle is provided with a plurality of layers of the single batteries (100) along a third direction (A3), and the plurality of single batteries (100) in each layer are positioned between the first frame (201) and the second frame (202).

27. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the first direction (A1) is a vehicle body width direction, and the second direction (A2) is a vehicle body length direction; alternatively, the first direction (A1) is a vehicle body length direction, and the second direction (A2) is a vehicle body width direction.

28. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the housing device (200) in the first direction (A1) is L3 and the body width is W, wherein the ratio of L3 and W satisfies: L3/W is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 80%.

29. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the length of the unit cell (100) in the first direction (A1) is L4, and the width of the vehicle body is W, wherein the ratio of L4 and W satisfies: L4/W is more than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 70%.