CN112217420A - Parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester - Google Patents

Parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester Download PDF

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CN112217420A
CN112217420A CN202011274365.5A CN202011274365A CN112217420A CN 112217420 A CN112217420 A CN 112217420A CN 202011274365 A CN202011274365 A CN 202011274365A CN 112217420 A CN112217420 A CN 112217420A
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ring
axis
piezoelectric
half shaft
inner hole
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CN112217420B (en
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蒋永华
叶林峰
杜洁雅
刘乐乐
周积俊
王淑云
阚君武
程光明
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Zhejiang Normal University CJNU
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186Vibration harvesters

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Abstract

The invention relates to a parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester, and belongs to the technical field of new energy. The energy harvester is arranged in a cavity of the rotating shaft, and the half shaft flange is arranged on the rotating shaft; the lifting lugs of the lifting frame are arranged on a transverse plate with a balancing weight through a vertical plate, and a wedge block is arranged on the transverse plate; the hanger and the exciting ring are both arranged on the half shaft, the hanger and the half shaft rotate relatively, and the exciting ring rotates along with the half shaft; the inner hole axis of the exciting ring is parallel to but not coincident with the outer cylinder axis; a lifting ring hole of the lifting ring is sleeved on the exciting ring, piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on two sides of a lifting arm of the lifting ring, and the free ends of the piezoelectric vibrators abut against the inclined plane of the wedge block; a stop pin is arranged between the two lifting lugs of the lifting frame or between the two vertical plates; the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is the minimum when the inner hole axis and the outer cylinder axis of the excitation ring are positioned in the same vertical plane and the outer cylinder axis is positioned above the inner hole axis, and the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is the maximum when the inner hole axis and the outer cylinder axis of the excitation ring are positioned in the same vertical plane and the outer cylinder axis is positioned below the inner hole axis.

Description

Parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and energy recovery, and particularly relates to a parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester which is used for collecting energy of large-scale shaft elements such as wind driven generators and mining machinery.
Background
In recent years, with the gradual maturity of wireless sensor network technology and the popularization of the wireless sensor network technology in rotating health monitoring systems such as machine tools, wind driven generators, vehicle shafting and the like, the research of micro energy harvesters providing continuous energy supply for the wireless sensor network technology is widely concerned by domestic and foreign scholars. The micro-miniature energy harvester proposed at present is based on the electromagnetic principle and the piezoelectric principle, and is more suitable for wireless systems such as wireless network nodes and the like because the piezoelectric energy harvester cannot generate electromagnetic interference in the power generation process. The existing rotary energy harvester utilizing a thin-sheet type piezoelectric vibrator structure mainly comprises: inertia excitation type, toggle type and gyromagnetic excitation type, wherein: the inertia excitation type energy harvester can be only used in low-speed occasions, and the piezoelectric vibrator cannot generate direction-changing bending deformation to generate power when the rotating speed is high, and even can be damaged due to overlarge bending deformation; the toggle energy harvester has contact impact and noise, and can be damaged due to overlarge impact at high rotating speed; the gyromagnetic excitation type energy harvester can effectively avoid the defects of the first two types of energy harvesters, but has narrow effective frequency band, can only output larger voltage in a limited rotating speed range and has electromagnetic interference; most importantly, most of the poking type and gyromagnetic excitation type energy harvesters need a fixed supporting part for realizing the relative rotation with a rotating body, cannot be used for the cantilever shaft end without fixed support, and are not suitable for energy recovery of large rotating parts such as wind driven generators, engineering machinery and the like because the piezoelectric energy harvester has small volume and is far smaller than the radial size of the rotating body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester, which adopts the following implementation scheme: the parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester is arranged in a cavity at the end part of a rotary shaft, and mainly comprises a hanger, a balancing weight, a lifting ring, a half shaft, an exciting ring, a piezoelectric vibrator and the like.
Two lifting lugs of the hanger are arranged on a transverse plate with a balancing weight through two vertical plates, a wedge block is arranged on the transverse plate, and two inclined surfaces of the wedge block are symmetrically arranged; coaxial hanger holes are formed in the two lifting lugs, a hanger groove is reserved between the two lifting lugs, and the two vertical plates and the transverse plate form a hanger cavity.
A hanger hole of the hanger is sleeved on the half shaft, the hanger and the half shaft can rotate relatively, and a rolling body can be arranged between the hanger hole and the half shaft to reduce friction; an inner hole of the exciting ring is sleeved on the half shaft, the exciting ring is positioned in a hanger groove between the two lifting lugs, the exciting ring is fixed on the half shaft through a flat key, and the exciting ring rotates along with the half shaft; the inner hole axis of the exciting ring is parallel to but not coincident with the outer cylinder axis; the separation blade is installed at the semi-axis tip through the screw, and the function of separation blade is the restriction gallows axial displacement.
A lifting ring hole of the lifting ring is sleeved on the exciting ring, piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on two sides of a lifting arm of the lifting ring through pressing strips and screws, and the plane of each piezoelectric vibrator is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting ring hole; the piezoelectric vibrators are formed by bonding piezoelectric sheets and substrates, the substrates of the two piezoelectric vibrators are oppositely arranged, and the free ends of the piezoelectric vibrators abut against the inclined plane of the wedge block; the piezoelectric vibrator is connected with the circuit board on the vertical plate of the hanger through a lead.
A stop pin is arranged between two lifting lugs or between two vertical plates of the lifting frame, and the stop pin has the function of limiting the swing range of the lifting ring and preventing the lifting ring from rotating along with a half shaft.
The parasitic rotating piezoelectric energy harvester is used for rotating body energy recovery as an independent component. The end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a cavity, the energy harvester is arranged in the cavity at the end part of the rotating shaft, a flange of a half shaft is arranged on the rotating shaft through a screw, and the half shaft and the axis of the rotating shaft are superposed; when the inner hole axis and the outer cylinder axis of the excitation ring are in the same vertical plane and the outer cylinder axis is located above the inner hole axis, the piezoelectric vibrator is in contact with the inclined plane of the wedge block but no interaction force exists.
In the working process, the half shaft and the exciting ring rotate along with the rotating shaft, the hanging bracket and the hanging ring are relatively static under the action of the inertia force of the hanging bracket and the counterweight block, the outer cylindrical surface of the exciting ring forces the hanging ring to rotate relative to the half shaft, and the dynamic piezoelectric vibrator of the hanging ring reciprocates relative to the wedge block on the hanging bracket; under the action of friction force between the outer cylindrical surface of the exciting ring and the surface of a lifting ring hole, the lifting ring has the tendency of deflecting along the rotation direction of the half shaft, and when the deflection angle is larger, the lifting arm of the lifting ring can be contacted with the stop pin, so that the lifting ring is prevented from rotating along with the half shaft; when the exciting ring rotates along with the half shaft, the outer cylindrical axis of the exciting ring rotates around the inner hole axis, namely, the axis of the suspension ring hole rotates around the axis of the half shaft, and the rotation radius is the distance between the inner hole axis of the exciting ring and the outer cylindrical axis. Therefore, when the half shaft and the exciting ring rotate along with the rotating shaft, the lifting ring and the piezoelectric vibrator do relative reciprocating motion relative to the lifting frame and the wedge block, and the longitudinal motion displacement of the piezoelectric vibrator relative to the wedge block is twice of the distance between the inner hole axis and the outer cylinder axis of the exciting ring. The piezoelectric vibrator generates bending deformation in the reciprocating motion process relative to the wedge block and converts mechanical energy into electric energy, and the generated electric energy is stored or output after being processed by a conversion circuit on the circuit board.
In the invention, when the inner hole axis and the outer cylinder axis of the excitation ring are positioned in the same vertical plane and the outer cylinder axis is positioned above the inner hole axis, the piezoelectric vibrator is contacted with the inclined plane of the wedge block, the distance between the lifting ring hole and the wedge block is longest, and the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is minimum; then, along with the rotation of the half shaft, the distance between the lifting ring hole and the wedge block is gradually shortened, and the bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator caused by the action of the wedge block is gradually increased; when the half shaft rotates 180 degrees, the inner hole axis and the outer cylinder axis of the excitation ring are in the same vertical plane again, the outer cylinder axis is positioned below the inner hole axis, the distance between the suspension ring hole and the wedge block is shortest, and the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is maximum; and then, when the half shaft further rotates, the distance between the lifting ring hole and the wedge block is gradually increased, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is gradually reduced, and when the half shaft rotates for 360 degrees, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is reduced to the minimum again, so that one-time complete excitation of the piezoelectric vibrator is completed.
In the working process of the energy harvester, the bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is only determined by the distance between the inner hole axis of the excitation ring and the outer cylindrical axis and the wedge angle of the wedge block and is irrelevant to the rotation speed of the half shaft, so that the voltage generated by the piezoelectric vibrator due to the bending deformation in the working process is constant at each rotation speed.
In the invention, the piezoelectric sheet always bears the compressive stress when the piezoelectric vibrator is bent and deformed, and in order to avoid the piezoelectric sheet from being damaged due to overlarge stress, a reasonable relevant parameter relation is that x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to delta*/[2tg(Q/2)]Wherein: x is the distance between the inner bore axis and the outer cylindrical axis of the excitation ring, delta*The allowable deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is Q, and the Q is a wedge angle of a wedge block; the thickness of the substrate is equal to that of the piezoelectric sheet
Figure RE-GDA0002804984880000021
h is the thickness of the substrate, beta ═ Em/Ep,EmAnd EpThe young's moduli of the substrate i2 and the piezoelectric sheet i1,
Figure RE-GDA0002804984880000023
k31and
Figure RE-GDA0002804984880000022
the electromechanical coupling coefficient and the allowable compressive stress of the piezoelectric material are respectively, L is the length of the bendable part of the piezoelectric vibrator, and eta is a correction coefficient related to the thickness of the glue layer.
Advantages and features: the energy harvester is parasitized in the rotating body, the structure and the excitation process are simple, the electromagnetic interference is avoided, and the contact impact and the noise are avoided; the piezoelectric vibrators are excited in a unidirectional constant amplitude mode at each rotating speed, and the piezoelectric sheets only bear the pressure stress with controllable magnitude, so that the piezoelectric vibrator is high in reliability, wide in effective frequency band and strong in power generation and power supply capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention showing an energy harvester mounted inside a rotating shaft;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an energy harvester according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the axle shaft of FIG. 2 rotated 180 degrees;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the hanger of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of a flying ring in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a left side view of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester F provided by the invention is arranged in a cavity at the end part of a rotating shaft Z, and mainly comprises a hanger a, a balancing weight b, a lifting ring c, a half shaft d, an excitation ring e, a piezoelectric vibrator i and the like.
Two lifting lugs a3 of the hanger a are mounted on a transverse plate a1 with a counterweight block b through two vertical plates a4, a wedge block a2 is arranged on the transverse plate a1, and two inclined surfaces a8 of the wedge block a2 are symmetrically arranged; the two lifting lugs a3 are provided with coaxial hanger holes a7, a hanger groove a5 is reserved between the two lifting lugs a3, and a hanger cavity a6 is formed by the two vertical plates a4 and the horizontal plate a 2.
A hanger hole a7 of the hanger a is sleeved on the half shaft d, the hanger a and the half shaft d can rotate relatively, and a rolling body can be arranged between the hanger hole a7 and the half shaft d so as to reduce friction; an inner hole of an excitation ring e is sleeved on the half shaft d, the excitation ring e is positioned in a hanger groove a5 between two lifting lugs a3, the excitation ring e is fixed on the half shaft d through a flat key f, and the excitation ring e and the half shaft d cannot rotate relatively; the inner bore axis x1 of energizing ring e is parallel to but not coincident with the outer cylindrical axis x 2; a baffle h is installed at the end part of the half shaft d through a screw, and the baffle h has the function of limiting the axial movement of the hanger a.
A lifting ring hole c1 of the lifting ring c is sleeved on the outer cylindrical surface of the exciting ring e, piezoelectric vibrators i are mounted on two sides of a lifting arm c2 of the lifting ring c through pressing strips j and screws, and the plane of each piezoelectric vibrator i is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting ring hole c 1; the piezoelectric vibrator i is formed by bonding a piezoelectric sheet i1 and a substrate i2, the substrates i2 of the two piezoelectric vibrators i are oppositely arranged, and the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator i abuts against an inclined plane a8 of a wedge block a 2; the piezoelectric vibrator i is connected with a circuit board p on a vertical plate a4 of the hanger a through a lead.
And a stop pin k is arranged between the two lifting lugs a3 of the hanger a or between the two vertical plates a4, and the stop pin k has the function of limiting the swing range of the lifting ring c and preventing the lifting ring c from rotating along with the half shaft d.
The parasitic rotating piezoelectric energy harvester can be used as an independent component for rotating body energy recovery. The end part of the rotating shaft Z is provided with a cavity, the energy harvester F is arranged in the cavity at the end part of the rotating shaft Z, a flange of a half shaft d is installed on the rotating shaft Z through a screw, and the half shaft d is overlapped with the axis of the rotating shaft Z; when the inner hole axis x1 and the outer cylinder axis x2 of the excitation ring e are in the same vertical plane and the outer cylinder axis x2 is located above the inner hole axis x1, the piezoelectric vibrator i is in contact with the inclined surface a8 of the wedge a2 but has no interaction force.
In the work, the half shaft d and the exciting ring e rotate along with the rotating shaft Z, the hanging bracket a and the hanging ring c are relatively static under the action of the inertia force of the hanging bracket a and the self and the inertia force of the counterweight block b, the outer cylindrical surface of the exciting ring e forces the hanging ring c to rotate relative to the half shaft d, and the hanging ring c drives the piezoelectric vibrator i to reciprocate relative to a wedge block a2 on the hanging bracket a; due to the friction force between the outer cylindrical surface of the exciting ring e and the surface of the lifting ring hole c1, the lifting ring c has the tendency of deflecting along the rotation direction of the half shaft d, and when the deflection angle is larger, the suspension arm c2 of the lifting ring c is contacted with the stop pin k, so that the lifting ring c is prevented from rotating along with the half shaft d; when the excitation ring e rotates along with the half shaft d, the outer cylindrical axis x2 of the excitation ring e rotates around the inner hole axis x1, namely, the axis of the lifting ring hole c1 rotates around the axis of the half shaft d, and the rotation radius is the distance x between the inner hole axis x1 of the excitation ring e and the outer cylindrical axis x 2. Therefore, when the half shaft d and the excitation ring e rotate along with the rotating shaft Z, the suspension ring c and the piezoelectric vibrator i perform relative reciprocating motion relative to the suspension bracket a and the wedge block a2, and the longitudinal motion displacement of the piezoelectric vibrator i relative to the wedge block a2 is twice the distance between the inner hole axis x1 and the outer cylinder axis x2 of the excitation ring e. The piezoelectric vibrator i is bent and deformed in the reciprocating motion process relative to the wedge a2 and converts mechanical energy into electric energy, and the generated electric energy is stored or output after being processed by a conversion circuit on the circuit board p.
In the invention, when an inner hole axis x1 and an outer cylinder axis x2 of an excitation ring e are in the same vertical plane and an outer cylinder axis x2 is positioned above the inner hole axis x1, a piezoelectric vibrator i is in contact with an inclined plane a8 of a wedge a2, the distance between a lifting ring hole c1 and the wedge a2 is longest, and the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator i is minimum; then, as the half shaft d rotates, the distance between the lifting ring hole c1 and the wedge a2 gradually shortens, and the bending deformation amount of the piezoelectric vibrator i caused by the action of the wedge a2 gradually increases; when the half shaft d rotates 180 degrees, the inner hole axis x1 and the outer cylinder axis x2 of the excitation ring e are in the same vertical plane again, the outer cylinder axis x2 is located below the inner hole axis x1, the distance between the lifting ring hole c1 and the wedge a2 is shortest, and the deformation amount of the piezoelectric vibrator i is largest. After that, when the half shaft d further rotates, the distance between the lifting ring hole c1 and the wedge a2 gradually increases, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator i gradually decreases, and when the half shaft d rotates 360 degrees, the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator i is reduced to the minimum again, so that one complete excitation of the piezoelectric vibrator i is completed.
In the above operation process of the energy harvester, the bending deformation amount of the piezoelectric vibrator i is only determined by the distance x between the inner hole axis x1 and the outer cylinder axis x2 of the excitation ring e and the wedge angle Q of the wedge a2, and is not related to the rotation speed of the half shaft d, so that the voltage generated by the piezoelectric vibrator i due to the bending deformation is constant under each rotation speed in the operation process.
In the invention, the piezoelectric sheet always bears the compressive stress when the piezoelectric vibrator i is bent and deformed, and in order to avoid the piezoelectric sheet from being damaged due to overlarge stress, a reasonable relevant parameter relation is that x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to delta*/[2tg(Q/2)]Wherein: x is the distance between the inner bore axis x1 and the outer cylindrical axis x2 of the excitation ring e, delta*Q is the allowable deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator i, and is the wedge angle of a wedge a 2; the substrate i2 and the piezoelectric sheet i1 have equal thickness
Figure RE-GDA0002804984880000041
h is the thickness of the substrate i2, and β ═ Em/Ep,EmAnd EpThe young's moduli of the substrate i2 and the piezoelectric sheet i1,
Figure RE-GDA0002804984880000042
k31and
Figure RE-GDA0002804984880000043
the electromechanical coupling coefficient and the allowable compressive stress of the piezoelectric material are respectively, L is the length of the bendable part of the piezoelectric vibrator i, and eta is a correction coefficient related to the thickness of the glue layer.

Claims (2)

1. A parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester is characterized in that: the energy harvester is arranged in a cavity at the end part of the rotating shaft, a flange of a half shaft is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the half shaft is superposed with the axis of the rotating shaft; the lifting lug of the hanger is arranged on a transverse plate with a balancing weight through a vertical plate, and the transverse plate is provided with a wedge block; the hanger and the exciting ring are both arranged on the half shaft, the hanger and the half shaft can rotate relatively, and the exciting ring rotates along with the half shaft; the inner hole axis of the exciting ring is parallel to but not coincident with the outer cylinder axis; the hoisting ring hole of the hoisting ring is sleeved on the exciting ring, the piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on two sides of the hoisting arm of the hoisting ring and are formed by bonding piezoelectric sheets and base plates, the base plates of the two piezoelectric vibrators are oppositely arranged, and the free ends of the piezoelectric vibrators abut against the inclined plane of the wedge block; a stop pin is arranged between the two lifting lugs of the lifting frame or between the two vertical plates; the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is the minimum when the inner hole axis and the outer cylinder axis of the excitation ring are positioned in the same vertical plane and the outer cylinder axis is positioned above the inner hole axis, and the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator is the maximum when the inner hole axis and the outer cylinder axis of the excitation ring are positioned in the same vertical plane and the outer cylinder axis is positioned below the inner hole axis.
2. The parasitic rotary piezoelectric energy harvester of claim 1, characterized in that: the reasonable relevant parameter relation is that x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to delta*/[2tg(Q/2)]Wherein: x is the distance between the inner bore axis and the outer cylindrical axis of the excitation ring, delta*Q is the wedge angle of the wedge block, which is the allowable deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113131790A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-16 长春工业大学 Install piezoelectricity power generation facility on step

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6194815B1 (en) * 1996-10-25 2001-02-27 Ocean Power Technology, Inc. Piezoelectric rotary electrical energy generator
JP2004357396A (en) * 2003-05-28 2004-12-16 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Preload device and multi-degree-of-freedom ultrasonic motor
US20100052324A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2010-03-04 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Piezoelectric windmill apparatus
CN107332472A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-07 浙江师范大学 One kind swings energy accumulator
CN107359770A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-17 浙江师范大学 A kind of non-contact gyromagnet excitation hanging energy accumulator
CN211082122U (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-07-24 苏州大学 Compound pendulum frequency-raising type wave energy collecting device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6194815B1 (en) * 1996-10-25 2001-02-27 Ocean Power Technology, Inc. Piezoelectric rotary electrical energy generator
JP2004357396A (en) * 2003-05-28 2004-12-16 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Preload device and multi-degree-of-freedom ultrasonic motor
US20100052324A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2010-03-04 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Piezoelectric windmill apparatus
CN107332472A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-07 浙江师范大学 One kind swings energy accumulator
CN107359770A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-17 浙江师范大学 A kind of non-contact gyromagnet excitation hanging energy accumulator
CN211082122U (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-07-24 苏州大学 Compound pendulum frequency-raising type wave energy collecting device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113131790A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-16 长春工业大学 Install piezoelectricity power generation facility on step
CN113131790B (en) * 2021-04-22 2022-06-17 长春工业大学 Install piezoelectricity power generation facility on step

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