CN112217253A - Battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization circuit and method - Google Patents
Battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112217253A CN112217253A CN202011043541.4A CN202011043541A CN112217253A CN 112217253 A CN112217253 A CN 112217253A CN 202011043541 A CN202011043541 A CN 202011043541A CN 112217253 A CN112217253 A CN 112217253A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 83
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization circuit and a method, wherein the first layer topological structure equalization circuit comprises a multi-winding transformer and a control switch, and a single battery in a small battery pack, the control switch K1_1 and an auxiliary winding of the multi-winding transformer are connected; the small battery pack, the control switch K1 and the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer are connected; the second layer topology equalization circuit comprises a transformer and two control switches, wherein a primary winding of the transformer, the control switch S1 and the main battery pack are connected; the secondary winding of the transformer, the control switch S1_1 and the small battery pack are connected. The battery balancing device can realize the balancing of multiple groups of small battery packs or multiple battery monomers at the same time, greatly improve the balancing speed of the batteries, reduce the balancing time of the batteries and improve the balancing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of battery equalization, and relates to a battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization circuit and a battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization method.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of low production cost, high energy density, long service life, safety, stability and the like, and is the most widely applied battery in the industrial field and the living field at present. The basic characteristics and the working principle of the lithium ion battery determine that a single battery has the characteristics of low voltage, small capacity and the like, the rated working voltage of the single lithium ion battery is 3.2V-4.2V generally, and the capacity of the single battery is only a few ampere hours to dozen ampere hours, so that the requirement of some large-scale instruments and equipment on energy sources cannot be met. Therefore, in the application of lithium ion battery, it is common to form a lithium ion battery pack by connecting hundreds or thousands of batteries in series and parallel to meet the voltage, capacity and power requirements of the equipment.
Because the production mode and the manufacturing process of the lithium ion battery are quite complex, it is an impossible task to make each single lithium ion battery completely consistent, so that the parameters of each single lithium ion battery, such as the capacity, the voltage, the resistance and the like are different, and in the actual use process of the battery, the inconsistency always exists among the single batteries due to the difference of the ring, the temperature and the like and the heat release of the battery. In the using process, the inconsistency of the battery can cause the phenomena of overcharge, overdischarge and overlarge voltage difference of the single battery, and the service life of the single battery can be greatly reduced, so that the endurance of the whole battery pack is deteriorated, and the overall performance of the battery pack is influenced. Therefore, the research of the battery equalization technology has important significance for improving the service life, the discharge power, the safety and the stability of the lithium ion battery pack and the like.
The battery equalization technology can be divided into passive equalization and active equalization according to whether energy is consumed in the equalization process. The passive equalization technology usually adopts a mode of connecting a single battery and a resistor in parallel to realize the dissipation of redundant energy. The active equalization technology adopts a topological equalization structure to transfer redundant electric energy in the battery pack to single batteries with less electric energy through an intermediate topological structure, so that the transfer of the redundant electric energy is realized. The passive equalization technology has the problems of electric energy dissipation, excessive heat production, overlong equalization time and the like, and the equalization effect is not obvious in the discharge equalization process, so that the situation that the single battery with the minimum capacity reaches the discharge cutoff voltage at first cannot be avoided. Although the active equalization technology has a complex circuit structure and control technology, the electric energy is basically not consumed in the equalization process, and the use efficiency of the battery pack can be improved while the energy is saved.
Therefore, active equalization is generally adopted, but the phenomenon of voltage mutation caused by inconsistent equalization speed exists in the active equalization, and when the number of single batteries is large or the distance between the head battery and the tail battery is long, the equalization time is long and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization circuit and a battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization method, which can realize equalization of multiple groups of small battery packs or multiple battery monomers simultaneously, greatly improve the equalization speed of batteries, reduce the equalization time of the batteries and improve the equalization efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization circuit comprises a total battery pack, a small battery pack, a first layer topological equalization circuit and a plurality of second layer topological equalization circuits which are connected in parallel;
the small battery pack comprises a plurality of adjacent single batteries connected in series, and the total battery pack comprises a plurality of small battery packs connected in series; the first layer of topology equalization circuit comprises a multi-winding transformer and a control switch, and a single battery in the small battery pack, the control switch K1_1 and a secondary winding of the multi-winding transformer are connected to form a first layer of charging loop; the small battery pack, the control switch K1 and the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer are connected to form a first layer of discharge loop;
the second-layer topology equalization circuit comprises a transformer and two control switches, and a primary winding of the transformer, the control switch S1 and the main battery pack are connected to form a second-layer discharge loop; the secondary winding of the transformer, the control switch S1_1 and the small battery pack are connected to form a second layer charging loop.
Preferably, the number of the secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer is three, and the number of the single batteries in the small battery pack is three.
Preferably, the secondary winding of the multi-winding transformer is connected in parallel with a protection capacitor C1_1, and the secondary winding of the transformer is connected in parallel with a protection capacitor C1.
Preferably, a diode D1 is connected between the primary winding of the transformer and the negative pole of the small battery pack, and the positive pole of the diode D1 faces the primary winding of the transformer; a diode D2 is connected between the secondary winding of the transformer and the negative pole of the small battery pack, and the positive pole of the diode D2 faces the negative pole of the small battery pack; a diode D3 is connected between the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer and the negative electrode of the small battery pack, and the positive electrode of the diode D3 faces the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer; and a diode D4 is connected between the secondary winding of the multi-winding transformer and the cathode of the small battery pack, and the anode of the diode D4 faces the cathode of the small battery pack.
Preferably, the first layer charging circuit, the first layer discharging circuit and the second layer charging circuit are all connected with fuses.
Preferably, all the control switches adopt MOS tubes.
A battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization method based on any one of the circuits is characterized in that a control switch S1 of a second-layer discharging loop connected with a small battery pack with lower total electric quantity is closed, and a primary winding of a transformer in the second-layer discharging loop is charged; after the primary winding of the transformer is charged, a control switch S1 of a second-layer discharging loop is disconnected, a control switch S1_1 of a second-layer charging loop containing a small battery pack to be charged is closed, the small battery pack with low total electric quantity is charged, and after the energy transfer in the primary winding is finished, a control switch S1_1 of the second-layer charging loop is disconnected, so that the transfer of primary energy from the total battery pack to the small battery pack is finished;
then after the energy of all the small battery packs is the same, closing a control switch K1 of a first layer of discharging loop connected with the small battery pack with lower total electric quantity, and charging a primary winding of a multi-winding transformer in the first layer of discharging loop; and after the primary winding of the transformer is charged, disconnecting the control switch K1 of the first layer of discharge circuit, closing the control switch K1_1 of the first layer of charge circuit containing the single battery to be charged, charging the single battery, and after the energy transfer in the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer is finished, disconnecting the control switch K1_1 of the first layer of charge circuit to finish the transfer of primary energy from the small battery pack to the single battery.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has the double-layer topological structure equalization circuit, and the equalization circuits on the same layer are mutually connected in parallel and are mutually independent, and the equalization circuit can realize the equalization of a plurality of groups of small battery packs or a plurality of battery monomers simultaneously relative to the single-layer equalization circuit. The battery equalization speed is greatly improved, the battery equalization time is reduced, and the equalization efficiency is improved. The second layer discharge circuit flows through the whole total battery pack, the closing time of the switch in the second layer charge circuit is controlled to be consistent, the battery position has no influence on the battery equalization process, the equalization speed is consistent, the voltage mutation phenomenon caused by inconsistent equalization speed can be avoided, and the problems of long equalization time and low efficiency when the number of single batteries is large or the distance between the head and the tail of the single batteries is long are solved. The balance circuit is not added with an additional heating or power device, so that the heat generated by the current in the circuit is reduced, the loss of energy in the balance process is effectively reduced, and the balance benefit is improved.
Furthermore, the protection capacitor can protect circuit components in the process that current flows through the charging loop.
Furthermore, the diode can prevent current backflow generated in the circuit from influencing the efficiency of the equalizing circuit.
Furthermore, a fuse is added in each charging loop and each discharging loop, so that the phenomenon of overlarge current in the circuits is prevented, units such as a transformer, a battery and the like in the circuits are protected, and the safety of the whole equalizing circuit is improved.
According to the invention, the small battery packs with lower total electric quantity are charged through the second layer of discharging loop and the second layer of charging loop, the single batteries are charged through the first layer of discharging loop and the first layer of charging loop, and the average electric quantity of the two small battery packs is kept consistent through the second layer of equalizing circuit, namely, the second layer of equalizing circuit process is not needed subsequently, and only the first layer of equalizing is needed to be carried out in the two small battery packs, so that the complexity of switch control is reduced, and the control efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a battery pack double-layer topology structure equalization circuit of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a first level topology equalization circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a second level topology equalization circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic current path diagram of a second layer discharge loop according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic current path diagram of a second tier charging loop in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic current path diagram of a first layer discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic current path diagram of a first layer charging loop according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a battery pack double-layer topology equalization circuit includes: the battery pack comprises a total battery pack formed by sequentially connecting 3N single batteries in series, N first-layer topology equalization circuits and N second-layer topology equalization circuits. Wherein every 3 adjacent monomer battery groups synthesize a little group battery, and little group battery links to each other with first layer topology equalizer circuit input, and the monomer battery links to each other with the output of first layer topology equalizer circuit. The main battery pack is connected with the input ends of all the second-layer topology equalization circuits, each small battery pack is connected with the output end of one second-layer topology equalization circuit, and the equalization circuits on the same layer are mutually connected in parallel and do not interfere with each other.
As shown in fig. 2, the first-layer topology equalization circuit is composed of 1 multi-winding transformer, 3 protection capacitors, 4 control switches, 4 diodes and 4 fuses; the number of the secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer is three, diodes are connected between the primary windings of the multi-winding transformer and the negative pole of the small battery pack, and the positive poles of the diodes face the primary windings of the multi-winding transformer; and a diode is connected between the secondary winding of the multi-winding transformer and the cathode of the small battery pack, and the anode of the diode faces to the cathode of the small battery pack.
1 single battery in the small battery pack, 1 fuse, 1 control switch, 1 secondary winding in a 1-winding transformer and 1 diode form 1 first-layer charging loop, wherein 1 protective capacitor is connected with the secondary winding in the loop in parallel; 3 single batteries in the small battery pack, 1 fuse, 1 control switch, a primary winding in a 3-winding transformer and 1 diode form a first-layer discharge loop.
As shown in fig. 3, the second-layer topology equalization circuit is composed of 1 transformer, 1 protection capacitor, 2 control switches, 1 diode, and 1 fuse. A diode is connected between the primary winding of the transformer and the negative electrode of the small battery pack, and the positive electrode of the diode faces the primary winding of the transformer; and a diode is connected between the secondary winding of the transformer and the cathode of the small battery pack, and the anode of the diode faces to the cathode of the small battery pack.
Each small battery pack, 1 fuse, 1 control switch, 1 secondary winding in a transformer and 1 diode form a 2 nd-layer charging loop, and a protective capacitor is connected in parallel with the secondary winding in the loop; the total battery pack, 1 fuse, 1 control switch, 1 primary winding in the transformer and 1 diode form 1 second layer discharge loop.
All control switches in the circuit adopt MOS tubes.
The equalization method of the battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization circuit comprises the following processes:
firstly, controlling a switch of a second-layer discharging loop of a small battery pack with lower total electric quantity to be closed, discharging a battery in the total battery pack, namely opening the second-layer discharging loop, and charging a primary winding of a transformer in the second-layer discharging loop; and after the primary winding of the transformer is charged, disconnecting the switch of the second-layer discharging loop, and starting the second-layer charging loop containing the small battery pack to be charged, wherein the secondary coil in the transformer can generate current due to the electromagnetic induction phenomenon to charge the small battery pack, and after the energy transfer in the primary winding is finished, disconnecting the switch of the second-layer charging loop to finish the transfer of primary energy from the main battery pack to the small battery pack.
Secondly, after the energy of all the small battery packs is the same, starting a first layer of discharging loop, and charging primary windings of a multi-winding transformer in the first layer of discharging loop; after the primary winding of the transformer is charged, a switch of a first layer of discharging loop is disconnected, a first layer of charging loop containing a single battery to be charged is started, the secondary coil in the multi-winding transformer can generate current due to the electromagnetic induction phenomenon to charge the single battery, and after the energy transfer in the primary winding is finished, the switch of the first layer of charging loop is disconnected, so that the transfer of primary energy from the small battery pack to the single battery is finished.
For further example, the bottom layer is 6 batteries to be balanced, 6 single batteries are connected in series to form a total battery pack, and every three adjacent single batteries B1B2B3 and B4B5B6 are small battery packs which are separated from each other and do not interfere with each other. Assuming that the battery cell B1 is the minimum battery cell in the total battery pack, and the total electric quantity of the small battery pack where the battery B1 is located is lower than the total electric quantity of another small battery pack, the total battery pack needs to maintain the electric quantity of the B1 battery consistent with the electric quantities of the remaining battery cells under the actions of the second-layer topology equalization circuit and the first-layer topology equalization circuit for multiple times.
The current paths when the first layer topology equalization circuit and the second layer topology equalization circuit work are listed below respectively.
Firstly, the total battery pack charges the small battery pack where the B1 is located through the second-layer topology equalization circuit, so that the total electric quantity of the two small battery packs is consistent, and the specific working process comprises the following steps:
1. switch S1 is closed and the total cell pair passes through the second layer discharge circuit, the current path is shown by the dashed line in fig. 4. At this time, all the batteries charge the primary winding of the transformer T1, and since the voltage fluctuation of the batteries is small in a short time and can be regarded as a constant, the inductive current of the primary winding of the transformer T1 rises linearly until the switch S1 is turned off.
2. When the switch S1 is opened and the control switch S1_1 is closed, the circuit charges the small battery pack in which B1 is located through the second tier charging loop, as shown by the dashed line in fig. 5. At this time, the energy in the transformer T1 charges the small battery pack in which the battery B1 is located through the secondary winding via the switch S1_1 and the fuse F2, and when the current in the secondary winding of the transformer T1 becomes 0, the switch S1_1 is turned off, thereby completing an equalization process dominated by the second-layer topology equalization circuit.
After the action of the second-layer topology equalization circuit is performed for multiple times, the total electric quantity of the small battery pack where the battery B1 is located is kept consistent with that of another small battery pack, and at the moment, the first-layer topology equalization circuit is started to charge the single battery. The specific work flow comprises the following steps:
1. the switch K1 is closed, and the three cells B1, B2 and B3 of the small battery pack in which the B1 is located charge the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer T1_ through the first layer of discharge circuit, as shown by the dotted line in fig. 6. In the remaining circuits, no current flows because the switch is open. When the current passing through the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer T1 reaches a preset value, the switch K1 is turned off.
2. When the switch K1 is opened and the control switch K1_1 is closed, the circuit charges the battery cell B1 through the first layer charging loop, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 7. At this time, the energy in the multi-winding transformer T1_ charges the battery B1 through the secondary winding T1_1 via the switches K1_1 and F6. When the current in the secondary winding T1_1 of the multi-winding transformer T1_ is 0, the switch K1_1 is turned off, and the balancing process dominated by the first-layer topology balancing circuit is completed.
Under the action of the first-layer topology equalization circuit, the charging of the single battery B1 is realized, and the electric quantity of all the battery cells is kept consistent. The work flow of the balance single battery in the balancing process is consistent with that of the battery B1 in the balancing process. The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization circuit is characterized by comprising a total battery pack, a small battery pack, a first layer topological equalization circuit and a plurality of second layer topological equalization circuits which are connected in parallel;
the small battery pack comprises a plurality of adjacent single batteries connected in series, and the total battery pack comprises a plurality of small battery packs connected in series; the first layer of topology equalization circuit comprises a multi-winding transformer and a control switch, and a single battery in the small battery pack, the control switch K1_1 and a secondary winding of the multi-winding transformer are connected to form a first layer of charging loop; the small battery pack, the control switch K1 and the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer are connected to form a first layer of discharge loop;
the second-layer topology equalization circuit comprises a transformer and two control switches, and a primary winding of the transformer, the control switch S1 and the main battery pack are connected to form a second-layer discharge loop; the secondary winding of the transformer, the control switch S1_1 and the small battery pack are connected to form a second layer charging loop.
2. The battery pack double-layer topology equalization circuit according to claim 1, wherein the number of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer is three, and the number of single cells in the small battery pack is three.
3. The battery pack double-layer topology equalization circuit according to claim 1, wherein a protection capacitor C1_1 is connected in parallel to the secondary winding of the multi-winding transformer, and a protection capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the secondary winding of the transformer.
4. The battery pack double-layer topological structure equalizing circuit according to claim 1, wherein a diode D1 is connected between the primary winding of the transformer and the negative electrode of the small battery pack, and the positive electrode of the diode D1 faces the primary winding of the transformer; a diode D2 is connected between the secondary winding of the transformer and the negative pole of the small battery pack, and the positive pole of the diode D2 faces the negative pole of the small battery pack; a diode D3 is connected between the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer and the negative electrode of the small battery pack, and the positive electrode of the diode D3 faces the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer; and a diode D4 is connected between the secondary winding of the multi-winding transformer and the cathode of the small battery pack, and the anode of the diode D4 faces the cathode of the small battery pack.
5. The battery pack double-layer topology equalization circuit according to claim 1, wherein a fuse is connected to each of the first layer charging loop, the first layer discharging loop and the second layer charging loop.
6. The battery pack double-layer topology structure equalization circuit according to claim 1, wherein all control switches are MOS transistors.
7. A battery pack double-layer topological structure equalization method based on the circuit of any one of claims 1-6 is characterized in that a control switch S1 of a second-layer discharging loop connected with a small battery pack with lower total electric quantity is closed to charge a primary winding of a transformer in the second-layer discharging loop; after the primary winding of the transformer is charged, a control switch S1 of a second-layer discharging loop is disconnected, a control switch S1_1 of a second-layer charging loop containing a small battery pack to be charged is closed, the small battery pack with low total electric quantity is charged, and after the energy transfer in the primary winding is finished, a control switch S1_1 of the second-layer charging loop is disconnected, so that the transfer of primary energy from the total battery pack to the small battery pack is finished;
then after the energy of all the small battery packs is the same, closing a control switch K1 of a first layer of discharging loop connected with the small battery pack with lower total electric quantity, and charging a primary winding of a multi-winding transformer in the first layer of discharging loop; and after the primary winding of the transformer is charged, disconnecting the control switch K1 of the first layer of discharge circuit, closing the control switch K1_1 of the first layer of charge circuit containing the single battery to be charged, charging the single battery, and after the energy transfer in the primary winding of the multi-winding transformer is finished, disconnecting the control switch K1_1 of the first layer of charge circuit to finish the transfer of primary energy from the small battery pack to the single battery.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113065305A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-02 | 华中科技大学 | Path optimization control method and device for liquid metal battery pack |
| CN113541227A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-10-22 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Heterogeneous compatible topological structure |
| CN113629811A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Battery equalization circuit of inductive transformer |
| CN116154928A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-05-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司东莞供电局 | Double-layer active-passive hybrid equalization circuit |
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| CN113629811A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Battery equalization circuit of inductive transformer |
| CN116154928A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-05-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司东莞供电局 | Double-layer active-passive hybrid equalization circuit |
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