CN112214878A - Construction method of seawater artificial lake in high-sand-content and eutrophic sea area - Google Patents

Construction method of seawater artificial lake in high-sand-content and eutrophic sea area Download PDF

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CN112214878A
CN112214878A CN202010967337.5A CN202010967337A CN112214878A CN 112214878 A CN112214878 A CN 112214878A CN 202010967337 A CN202010967337 A CN 202010967337A CN 112214878 A CN112214878 A CN 112214878A
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artificial lake
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周华民
黄世昌
王乐乐
张广之
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Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for constructing a seawater artificial lake in a high-sand-content and eutrophic sea area. On the basis of meeting the transparency index, the water quality of the artificial lake region is optimized and maintained. The invention can obtain the construction parameters and the operation rules of the artificial lake of seawater by the construction method, and is beneficial to ocean development and utilization.

Description

Construction method of seawater artificial lake in high-sand-content and eutrophic sea area
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecological hydraulics, and particularly relates to a construction method of a seawater artificial lake in a high-sand-content eutrophic sea area.
Background
The sand content of the sea area near the estuary of the Yangtze river is high, the transparency of the water body is low, and the appearance of the water body is poor. In recent years, with the improvement of living standard, people have increasingly raised landscape requirements for water body environment in coastal sea areas. And (3) the coastal intertidal zone isolates the peripheral water body by enclosing the sea, so as to construct an artificial seawater lake and try to obtain a clear coastal water area.
However, the water body in the offshore area has high sand content, serious eutrophication and serious water pollution exceeding the standard. Because the near shore has large sand content, low transparency and weak illumination effect, algal bloom outbreak rarely occurs. However, after the water is taken from the extra-sea of the artificial lake, the sediment content is reduced, the transparency is obviously increased, the photosynthesis is enhanced, the possibility of algal bloom outbreak is greatly increased, and the water quality and the aesthetic feeling of the artificial lake are seriously influenced. In recent years, the seawater artificial lake often has algae outbreak, the water body is turbid, the water quality is poor, and the expected hydrophilic requirement and landscape aesthetic requirement are difficult to achieve even though great cost is paid in the later period.
The reason is that most of the artificial lakes of seawater are built by using the experience of building the lakes of fresh water lakes as reference, and the lakes are built and tested according to the experience, so that the comprehensive scientific demonstration on the parameters such as the form, scale, layout, gates and the like of the artificial lakes is not carried out, and the systematic research on the problems such as water quality targets, water quality treatment, water quality purification, water quality maintenance and the like is not carried out.
At present, no method for constructing a seawater artificial lake for reference in a high-sand-content eutrophic sea area exists at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for constructing a seawater artificial lake in a eutrophic sea area with high sand content, so as to solve the problems of poor water quality of the seawater lake and long test period caused by 'lake construction by experience'.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that: a method for constructing a seawater artificial lake in a high-sand and eutrophic sea area comprises the following steps:
a. acquiring the sea tide level and the water level of the desilting tank, and calculating a water head according to the sea tide level and the water level of the desilting tank to obtain a sea water head and a desilting tank water head; inputting the open sea water head and the water head of the desilting pool into a tide receiving model of the desilting pool, and calculating to obtain the monthly tide receiving amount of the desilting pool and the water level of the desilting pool under the condition that the open sea tide water changes constantly;
b. acquiring the water level of the desilting pool and the water level of the artificial lake, and calculating a water head according to the water level of the desilting pool and the water level of the artificial lake to obtain a water head of the desilting pool and a water head of the artificial lake; inputting the water head of the desilting basin and the water head of the artificial lake into an artificial lake water inlet model and measuringCalculating the monthly water inflow Q of the artificial lakeinAnd a first artificial lake level;
c. acquiring a first artificial lake water level and an outer sea tide level, and calculating a water head according to the first artificial lake water level and the outer sea tide level to obtain an artificial lake water head and an outer sea water head; inputting the artificial lake water head and the outer sea water head into an artificial lake water outlet model, and calculating to obtain the monthly drainage Q of the artificial lakeoutAnd a second artificial lake level;
d. inputting the sea tide level and the sea sand content into a sediment transport model of the sediment tank, and calculating to obtain the plane distribution of the sand content of the sediment tank and the sand content of an outlet;
e. taking the first artificial lake water level and the second artificial lake water level as water level boundary conditions, taking the sand content at the outlet of the desilting pond as sediment boundary conditions, inputting the sediment boundary conditions into an artificial lake sediment transport model, calculating to obtain the maximum enveloping distribution of the sand content in the artificial lake, obtaining the transparency distribution of the artificial lake according to the correlation between the sand content of the seawater and the transparency, and recording the minimum transparency value T1；
f. If T is1Less than a predetermined transparency value T0Repeating a to e until the transparency T of the artificial lake1Greater than T0；
g. Inputting the water level of the first artificial lake and the water level of the second artificial lake as water level boundary conditions into an artificial lake water quality model, calculating the water quality index of the artificial lake, and if the water quality index concentration W is highiLess than a preset water quality index W0If not, biochemical measures or physical measures are needed to improve the water quality;
h. if biochemical measures are taken to improve the water quality, repeating step g until WiIs less than W0Then the artificial lake is successfully constructed;
i. if physical measures are adopted to improve the water quality, the water level of the first artificial lake and the water level of the second artificial lake are used as water level boundary conditions and input into an artificial lake water body exchange model, and the monthly water quantity Q for enabling the water body exchange rate of the artificial lake to reach the preset exchange rate is calculated0；
j. Comparison Q0And QinSuch asFruit QinLess than Q0Changing the design parameters of the desilting basin, the tidal accommodation model of the desilting basin, the design parameters of the artificial lake and the water inlet model of the artificial lake, and repeating a to i until QinGreater than Q0And the construction of the artificial lake of seawater is successful.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method provided by the invention provides a construction method for the seawater artificial lake in the high sand content and eutrophication sea area, and the design parameters are calculated and demonstrated to meet the experimental or actual requirements, thereby being beneficial to ocean development and utilization.
2. The method provided by the invention has strong practicability, can effectively reduce the test times of artificial lake construction, and shortens the test period.
3. The invention can select the most suitable time interval for accommodating tide, water discharging, water inlet and water discharging of the sand basin for the artificial seawater lake, and establish the operation and maintenance rules.
4. The invention can effectively determine the water quantity required by the water quality maintenance of the artificial lake water body.
5. The simulation method provided by the invention can adjust the simulation scheme at any time according to the tidal characteristics of various regions and the sand content of the water body, and formulate new artificial lake construction parameters and maintenance rules, and has strong applicability.
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The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a seawater artificial lake in a high sand-containing and eutrophic sea area according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a seawater artificial lake in a high sand-containing eutrophic sea area, including the following steps:
a. acquiring the sea tide level and the water level of the desilting tank, and calculating a water head according to the sea tide level and the water level of the desilting tank to obtain a sea water head and a desilting tank water head; inputting the open sea water head and the water head of the desilting pool into a tide receiving model of the desilting pool, and calculating to obtain the monthly tide receiving amount of the desilting pool and the water level of the desilting pool under the condition that the open sea tide water changes constantly;
specifically, according to the designed height of the gate bottom plate of the desilting pool, the height of the gate bottom plate of the desilting pool is subtracted from the sea tide level and the water level of the desilting pool at the initial moment a respectively, and the sea water head H and the desilting pool water head H at the initial moment a are calculated and obtainedsInputting a desilting pool tide receiving model, calculating to obtain a tide receiving amount at a moment a and a water level of a desilting pool at the next moment b, calculating to obtain a water head of the desilting pool at the moment b, calculating to obtain an outer sea water head at the moment b according to the outer sea water level at the moment b, obtaining the water head of the desilting pool at the moment b and the outer sea water head, inputting the desilting pool tide receiving model, calculating to obtain the tide receiving amount at the moment b and the water level of the desilting pool at the next moment c, and repeating the steps until the end moment e of the tide receiving process to obtain the water levels of the desilting pool and the tide receiving amounts at different moments a-e; therefore, a sediment trap and an artificial lake are constructed in the high-sand eutrophic sea area, and the monthly tidal volume of the sediment trap is accurately calculated according to the tidal level change condition of the sea area and the preliminary design parameters of the sediment trap and the artificial lake, so that the design parameters that the water change amount of the artificial lake is obviously insufficient can be avoided, and the test times in the early stage of construction are effectively reduced;
the tidal-tide-receiving model of the desilting basin is as follows:
Q1＝σs1×M1×B1×H1 1.5
Figure BDA0002682822050000041
wherein Q1Is the monthly tidal volume, sigma, of the desilting basins1For the submergence coefficient of the desilting basin, M1Is the coefficient of tidal flow, B1The width of a tide receiving gate of the desilting basin is increased; h1For the head of the sea A1Is the area of the water area of the desilting basin h1The water level of the desilting pool is set;
specifically, in this embodiment, the sand content of the water body in the open sea water area has a wide variation range of 0.01-12.9 kg/m3The eutrophication of the water body is serious, the nitrogen and phosphorus content is high, the inorganic nitrogen is 0.52mg/l, and the active phosphate is 0.05 mg/l; according to the design parameters of the embodiment, the area of the sand basin is 0.3km2The total net width of the tidal sluice gate of the desilting basin is 2.0m, and the elevation of the bottom plate is-1.5 m; calculating an outer sea water head and a desilting basin water head according to the typical large, medium and small tide level process of the outer sea; when the initial water level of the desilting basin is 1.5m, taking two days for the process period of receiving tide, precipitating, feeding water and draining, and calculating by using the desilting basin tide receiving model to obtain the desilting basin with the monthly tide receiving amount of 167 ten thousand m3(ii) a Calculating to obtain the water level of the desilting pool by the desilting pool tide receiving model, wherein the submerging coefficient value range of the desilting pool is 0.32-1.0, and the tide receiving flow coefficient value range is 1.0-1.5;
b. acquiring the water level of the desilting pool and the water level of the artificial lake, and calculating a water head according to the water level of the desilting pool and the water level of the artificial lake to obtain a water head of the desilting pool and a water head of the artificial lake; inputting the water head of the desilting basin and the water head of the artificial lake into an artificial lake water inlet model, and calculating to obtain the monthly water inlet Q of the artificial lakeinAnd a first artificial lake level;
the artificial lake water inlet model comprises the following steps:
Qin＝σs2×M2×B2×H2 1.5
Figure BDA0002682822050000042
wherein QinIs the water inflow of the artificial lake and the artificial moon, sigmas2For the coefficient of flooding of the artificial lake, M2Is the inflow coefficient of artificial lake, B2The width of the water inlet gate of the artificial lake H2For the head of the desilting basin, A2Is the area of the water area of the artificial lake h2Is the artificial lake water level;
specifically, according to the design parameters of the present embodiment, the artificial seawater lake area is 2km2The total net width of the artificial lake water inlet gate is 2.0m, the gate bottom elevation is 0.0m, the gate bottom elevation is designed by subtracting the artificial lake water inlet gate from the water level of the desilting pool and the water level of the artificial lake respectively according to the elevation of the artificial lake water inlet gate bottom plate, the desilting pool water head and the artificial lake water head at different moments are sequentially calculated, and the first artificial lake water inlet quantity obtained by calculating the artificial lake water inlet model is 145 ten thousand meters3Wherein the value range of the artificial lake submergence coefficient is 0.32-1.0, and the value range of the artificial lake inflow water flow coefficient is 1.0-1.5; calculating to obtain a first artificial lake water level according to the artificial lake water inlet model;
c. acquiring a first artificial lake water level and an outer sea tide level, and calculating a water head according to the first artificial lake water level and the outer sea tide level to obtain an artificial lake water head and an outer sea water head; inputting the artificial lake water head and the outer sea water head into an artificial lake water outlet model, and calculating to obtain the monthly drainage Q of the artificial lakeoutAnd a second artificial lake level;
the artificial lake water outlet model comprises the following steps:
Qout＝σs3×M3×B3×H3 1.5
Figure BDA0002682822050000051
wherein QoutDischarge of water for artificial lake and moons3Is the open sea submergence coefficient, M3Is the drainage flow coefficient of the artificial lake B3The width of the water gate for the artificial lake outlet H3For artificial lake headings, A3Is the area of the water area of the artificial lake h3Is the second artificial lake level;
specifically, according to the design parameters of the embodiment, the total clear width of the artificial lake drainage gate is 4.0m, and the height of the gate bottom is-1.0 mThe elevation of the artificial lake drainage gate bottom plate is obtained by subtracting the designed gate bottom plate elevation of the artificial lake drainage gate from the water level of the first artificial lake and the sea tide level respectively, and sequentially calculating the artificial lake water head and the sea water head at different moments3The water surface of the artificial lake region can be maintained at 1.5m in the state, wherein the value range of the open sea submergence coefficient is 0.32-1.0, and the value range of the drainage flow coefficient is 1.0-1.5; calculating to obtain a second artificial lake water level according to the artificial lake water outlet model;
therefore, through the three steps of tide receiving, water inlet and water outlet, the elevation of the water surface of the artificial lake is required when the artificial lake is hydrophilic, whether the water inlet and water outlet processes of the artificial lake can be realized under the design parameters when the water surface of the artificial lake area is maintained at a certain elevation can be obtained through calculation, the most suitable tide receiving time period, water discharging time period, water inlet time period and water discharging time period of the desilting basin can be selected for the seawater artificial lake, and the operation and maintenance rules are established;
d. inputting the sea tide level and the sea sand content into a sediment transport model of the sediment tank, and calculating to obtain the plane distribution of the sand content of the sediment tank and the sand content of an outlet;
specifically, in this embodiment, the open sea tide level and the open sea sand content are input into the sediment transport model of the desilting basin, and the sand content change process and the plane distribution of the desilting basin are calculated, that is, after the nano-tide seawater is settled for one day, the maximum value of the sand content at the water outlet of the desilting basin is 0.01kg/m3；
The sediment transport model of the sediment tank has the following calculation expression:
Figure BDA0002682822050000061
Figure BDA0002682822050000062
Figure BDA0002682822050000063
Figure BDA0002682822050000064
wherein t is time; x and y are rectangular coordinates; u and v are respectively the average flow velocity components of the vertical lines in the x and y directions; h is zeta + d is total water depth, wherein zeta is water level, and d is static water depth; spRepresenting the flow of the source and sink items; g is the acceleration of gravity; the Coriolis force f is 2 omega sin phi, omega is the rotational angular velocity of the earth, and phi is the latitude; czTo thanks the competence coefficient; t isxx,Txy,TyyThe eddy dynamic viscous force components of the water flow in all directions are respectively; z is a radical of0Is the elevation of the bottom slope; wx,WyWind stress components in x and y directions respectively; sxx,Sxy,Syx,SyyFour components of the radiation stress tensor are respectively; s is the average sand content of the vertical line; s*The sand-carrying capacity of the water flow; alpha is the probability of suspended sand sedimentation; dx,DyDiffusion coefficients in x and y directions, respectively;
e. taking the first artificial lake water level and the second artificial lake water level as water level boundary conditions, taking the sand content at the outlet of the desilting pond as sediment boundary conditions, inputting the sediment boundary conditions into an artificial lake sediment transport model, calculating to obtain the maximum enveloping distribution of the sand content in the artificial lake, obtaining the transparency distribution of the artificial lake according to the correlation between the sand content of the seawater and the transparency, and recording the minimum transparency value T1；
Specifically, in this embodiment, the sediment transport model of the artificial lake shows that the sediment content in the lake region of the artificial lake is less than 0.005kg/m3Minimum transparency T1Up to 70 cm;
the calculation expression of the artificial lake sediment transport model is the same as that of the sediment transport model of the sediment basin, and the description is omitted here.
f. If T is1Less than a predetermined transparency value T0Repeating a to e until the transparency T of the artificial lake1Greater than T0；
Specifically, in the embodiment, the transparency of the artificial lake is greater than or equal to 70cm, and compared with a preset transparency value of 70cm, the transparency meets the requirement;
in order to achieve the preset transparency of the artificial lake and increase the attractiveness of the artificial lake, a plurality of methods can be adopted, and the method can be realized by repeating the steps a to e, so that the possibility of construction failure of the artificial lake is effectively avoided;
wherein the method for increasing the transparency of the artificial lake comprises the following steps: changing design parameters and changing a tide receiving model, wherein the design parameters comprise widening the gate width, reducing the gate bottom elevation and increasing the water inflow; changing the tide-receiving model comprises shortening tide-receiving time, prolonging the time for sediment precipitation and reducing the sand content of the water body of the inlet water of the artificial lake, thereby reducing the sand content of the water body of the artificial lake and increasing the transparency of the water body of the artificial lake;
g. inputting the water level of the first artificial lake and the water level of the second artificial lake as water level boundary conditions into an artificial lake water quality model, calculating the water quality index of the artificial lake, and if the water quality index concentration W is highiLess than a preset water quality index W0If not, biochemical measures or physical measures are needed to improve the water quality;
specifically, in the embodiment, because the concentration of active phosphate of the open sea source water is very high, if the quality of the source water is not subjected to phosphorous reduction treatment, the water level of the first artificial lake and the water level of the second artificial lake are used as water level boundary conditions and input into an artificial lake water quality model, and the active phosphate of the artificial lake region is calculated to be 0.02-0.07 mg/L and not meet the requirement of a preset water quality index of 0.03mg/L in the lake region; biochemical or physical measures are required to improve water quality;
the computational expression of the artificial lake water quality model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002682822050000071
Figure BDA0002682822050000072
Figure BDA0002682822050000073
Figure BDA0002682822050000074
wherein C is water quality index concentration, ScAs a source and sink of water quality indicators, SPcIs a biochemical process item of water quality index;
h. if a biochemical measure is used to improve the water quality (e.g. by filter feeding organisms or microorganisms), step g is repeated until WiIs less than W0Then the artificial lake is successfully constructed;
specifically, in the present embodiment, biochemical measures are not employed;
i. if physical measures are adopted to improve the water quality (for example, the water inflow of the artificial lake is increased so as to increase the water changing frequency, accelerate the water circulation of the artificial lake and improve the water quality), the first artificial lake water level and the second artificial lake water level are taken as water level boundary conditions and input into an artificial lake water body exchange model, and the monthly water quantity Q required by the artificial lake water body exchange rate reaching the preset exchange rate is calculated0；
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first artificial lake water level and the second artificial lake water level are used as water level boundary conditions and input into the artificial lake water body exchange model, the preset exchange rate of the artificial lake water body is 80%, and the monthly water amount required for calculating the preset exchange rate of the artificial lake water body is 800 ten thousand meters3；
The expression of the artificial lake water body exchange model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002682822050000081
Figure BDA0002682822050000082
Figure BDA0002682822050000083
Figure BDA0002682822050000084
wherein
Figure BDA0002682822050000085
Is the indicator concentration averaged over the vertical; k is a radical ofpIs the linear decay rate of the indicator; s is a source item; csAn indicator concentration of the source; fcIs a horizontal diffusion term;
j. comparison Q0And QinIf Q isinLess than Q0Changing the design parameters of the desilting basin, the tidal accommodation model of the desilting basin, the design parameters of the artificial lake and the water inlet model of the artificial lake, and repeating a to i until QinGreater than Q0The construction of the artificial seawater lake is successful;
specifically, in the present embodiment, the artificial lake and moon water inflow is 145 ten thousand meters3Less than 800 ten thousand m3Changing the design parameters and tidal water model of the desilting basin, the design parameters and water inlet model of the artificial lake, and recalculating the monthly water inflow;
specifically, in the embodiment, measures of changing the width of the gate of the desilting basin and the width of the gate of the artificial lake water inlet gate are adopted, and the period of the processes of moisture collection, sedimentation, water inlet and water drainage is shortened; according to the sediment basin tide receiving model and the artificial lake water inlet model, the width of a tide receiving gate and a water inlet gate is 4-6 m, the water inlet amount is obviously increased, and the water inlet amount is not obviously increased due to the limitation of the scale of the sediment basin after the water inlet amount is more than 6 m;
specifically, in this example, the design gate widths of the tidal gate and the intake gate are set to 4m, and the gravity flow is combined with the pump flow (the pump flow is 4.4 m)3(s), setting the period from the moisture absorption to the precipitation to the water inlet to the water drainage as 1 day, and calculating to obtain the monthly water inflow QinIs 945 ten thousand meters3Satisfy Q0Water requirement ofSolving;
specifically, in this embodiment, the sand content change process and the plane distribution of the sand basin are calculated by the sediment transport model of the sand basin, the time for seawater sedimentation in the sand basin is correspondingly reduced due to the shortened period from receiving tide to water inlet, and the maximum value of the sand content at the water outlet of the sand basin is 0.2kg/m3(ii) a The sediment transport model of the artificial lake calculates that the sediment content of the lake region of the artificial lake is more than 0.1kg/m3Minimum transparency T1Less than 20cm, which does not meet the requirement of water quality transparency in the preset lake region;
specifically, in this embodiment, a method of extending the flow path is adopted to increase the settling time of the seawater in the settling tank, and the sand content change process and the plane distribution of the settling tank are calculated by the sediment transport model of the settling tank, wherein the maximum value of the sand content at the outlet of the settling tank is 0.016kg/m3(ii) a The sediment transport model of the artificial lake calculates that the sediment content of the lake region of the artificial lake is less than 0.005kg/m3Minimum transparency T1The water quality transparency requirement of the lake region is met when the water quality is larger than 70 cm;
this example was successful in the construction of artificial lakes.
Example 2:
this example is further optimized on the basis of example 1 as follows:
specifically, in the step h, biochemical measures are adopted for water purification, microbial probiotics are added, the concentration of active phosphate in source water is treated to be 0.02mg/L, and the microbial probiotics can be selected from various products such as Ningbo Alofaka PGPR microorganisms, phosphorus removal strains of State Co, and the like, but not limited to the products; the water quality model of the artificial lake is recalculated, the concentration of active phosphate is less than 0.03mg/L in one year, and the water quality of the artificial lake region can meet the requirement of a preset water quality index of 0.03 mg/L;
this example was successful in the construction of artificial lakes.
Example 3:
this example is further optimized on the basis of example 1 as follows:
specifically, in step j, the pump is synchronized with the sluice. The gate tide is mainly used for large tide, the small tide is subjected to tide pumping in the whole process, the medium tide gate tide pumping is combined with the pump tide pumping, and the tide pumping is carried out in the double tide process in one day;
specifically, the process of receiving the tide by the big tide comprises receiving the tide by a first tide and discharging water; when the water level of the external river exceeds 1.5m, the sluice is opened to receive the tide, the water level of the desilting basin rises from 1.5m to 2.5m for 2.6 hours, and the tide is received by 30 ten thousand m3Precipitating the water body for 3 hours, then putting water into a sand settling tank to the artificial lake, feeding water into the artificial lake for 6 hours, reducing the water level of the sand settling tank from 2.5m to 1.63m, and feeding water into the artificial lake for 26 ten thousand meters3(ii) a Discharging water from the water outlet gate of the artificial lake in the same period to keep the water level of the lake surface at 1.5 m; the second tide receives the tide and discharges water. When the water level of the external river exceeds the water level of the desilting basin, the sluice is opened to receive the tide, the water level of the desilting basin rises from 1.63m to 2.54m for 2.4 hours, and the tide receiving amount is 27 ten thousand m3Precipitating the water body for 3 hours, then discharging water from the sand basin to the artificial lake, discharging the water for 6 hours, reducing the initial water level of the sand basin to 1.64m at 2.54m, and discharging 27 ten thousand m of water3Therefore, in the process of double tides in one day, 53 ten thousand meters of water can enter the artificial lake3；
Specifically, when the tide is received by a typical medium tide, the sluice starts to add the pump to receive the tide after the self-flow tide is received, the time for adding the pump to receive the tide within one tide is shortened, the water inflow is insufficient, the tide needs to be received by the second tide, and the water discharge of the desilting basin is completed before the tide is received by the subsequent tide; in the first tide process, the sluice automatically receives tide at the beginning of tide receiving (rising tide level is higher than 1.5m), the automatically received tide is ended when the outer tide level is level with the sand settling tank level, and the received tide is 16.8 ten thousand m3The pump receives tide at the beginning and finishes when the water level of the external river drops to-0.5 m, and the pump receives tide at 5.5 ten thousand m3The process is about 6 hours, the still water is settled for 3 hours, the first tide process is basically finished, then the artificial lake enters water for about 3.5 hours, and when the artificial lake enters water, the artificial lake enters 16 ten thousand meters3(ii) a In the second tide process, the external river is near the high tide level, the desilting basin continues to receive the tide until the external river is flush with the water level of the falling tide of the external river, and at the moment, the tide receiving is 12 ten thousand meters3Beginning to settle still water for 3 hours, then feeding water into the artificial lake for about 4 hours, and feeding water into the artificial lake for 13.5 ten thousand meters3(ii) a By adopting the tide inlet mode, the flow of the water inlet pump is measured to be 4.4m3At/s, the water pump receives 5.5 ten thousand meters of tide3The water inflow of the artificial lake twice in one day is 29.5 ten thousand meters3；
Specifically, in a typical small tide, the high tide level is less than 1.5m, so that the whole water pumping is required in the small tide time period, and the specific process is as follows: the water level is above-0.5 m for 8.9 hours, and the water is pumped for 14.3 ten thousand m in 8.9 hours3The water level of the sand basin rises by 0.47m and rises from 1.5m to 1.97m, water is discharged after 3 hours of sedimentation, the water level of the sand basin is from 1.97m to 1.55m, and 12 ten thousand meters of water are discharged3；
According to the typical tidal artificial lake water inflow of the large tide, the medium tide and the small tide, the water intake of the large tide and the medium tide sluice is 770 ten thousand meters3Pump intake 175 ten thousand meters3The total amount of water inflow per month can reach 945 ten thousand meters3The requirement of artificial lake and moon water inflow is met;
this example was successful in the construction of artificial lakes.
Example 4:
this example is further optimized on the basis of example 3 as follows:
specifically, the pump tide is not considered in the medium tide, the pump tide is considered in the small tide period for 3 hours, and the pump tide is about 40 ten thousand meters3The tidal volume of the artificial lake can reach 800 ten thousand meters3The requirement of artificial lake and moon water inflow is met;
this example was successful in the construction of artificial lakes.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A construction method of a seawater artificial lake in a high-sand and eutrophic sea area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. acquiring the sea tide level and the water level of the desilting tank, and calculating a water head according to the sea tide level and the water level of the desilting tank to obtain a sea water head and a desilting tank water head; inputting the open sea water head and the water head of the desilting pool into a tide receiving model of the desilting pool, and calculating to obtain the monthly tide receiving amount of the desilting pool and the water level of the desilting pool under the condition that the open sea tide water changes constantly;
b. acquiring the water level of the desilting pool and the water level of the artificial lake, and calculating a water head according to the water level of the desilting pool and the water level of the artificial lake to obtain a water head of the desilting pool and a water head of the artificial lake; inputting the water head of the desilting basin and the water head of the artificial lake into an artificial lake water inlet model, and calculating to obtain the monthly water inlet Q of the artificial lakeinAnd a first artificial lake level;
c. acquiring a first artificial lake water level and an outer sea tide level, and calculating a water head according to the first artificial lake water level and the outer sea tide level to obtain an artificial lake water head and an outer sea water head; inputting the artificial lake water head and the outer sea water head into an artificial lake water outlet model, and calculating to obtain the monthly drainage Q of the artificial lakeoutAnd a second artificial lake level;
d. inputting the sea tide level and the sea sand content into a sediment transport model of the sediment tank, and calculating to obtain the plane distribution of the sand content of the sediment tank and the sand content of an outlet;
e. taking the first artificial lake water level and the second artificial lake water level as water level boundary conditions, taking the sand content at the outlet of the desilting pond as sediment boundary conditions, inputting the sediment boundary conditions into an artificial lake sediment transport model, calculating to obtain the maximum enveloping distribution of the sand content in the artificial lake, obtaining the transparency distribution of the artificial lake according to the correlation between the sand content of the seawater and the transparency, and recording the minimum transparency value T1；
f. If T is1Less than a predetermined transparency value T0Repeating a to e until the transparency T of the artificial lake1Greater than T0；
g. Inputting the water level of the first artificial lake and the water level of the second artificial lake as water level boundary conditions into an artificial lake water quality model, calculating the water quality index of the artificial lake, and if the water quality index concentration W is highiLess than preSet water quality index W0If not, biochemical measures or physical measures are needed to improve the water quality;
h. if biochemical measures are taken to improve the water quality, repeating step g until WiIs less than W0Then the artificial lake is successfully constructed;
i. if physical measures are adopted to improve the water quality, the water level of the first artificial lake and the water level of the second artificial lake are used as water level boundary conditions and input into an artificial lake water body exchange model, and the monthly water quantity Q for enabling the water body exchange rate of the artificial lake to reach the preset exchange rate is calculated0；
j. Comparison Q0And QinIf Q isinLess than Q0Changing the design parameters of the desilting basin, the tidal accommodation model of the desilting basin, the design parameters of the artificial lake and the water inlet model of the artificial lake, and repeating a to i until QinGreater than Q0And the construction of the artificial lake of seawater is successful.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the desilting basin tidal model is as follows:
Q1＝σs1×M1×B1×H1 1.5
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000021
wherein Q1Is the monthly tidal volume, sigma, of the desilting basins1For the submergence coefficient of the desilting basin, M1Is the coefficient of tidal flow, B1The width of a tide receiving gate of the desilting basin is increased; h1For the head of the sea A1Is the area of the water area of the desilting basin h1Is the water level of the desilting pool.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the artificial lake inflow model is as follows:
Qin＝σs2×M2×B2×H2 1.5
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000022
wherein QinIs the water inflow of the artificial lake and the artificial moon, sigmas2For the coefficient of flooding of the artificial lake, M2Is the inflow coefficient of artificial lake, B2The width of the water inlet gate of the artificial lake H2For the head of the desilting basin, A2Is the area of the water area of the artificial lake h2Is the artificial lake water level.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the artificial lake effluent model is as follows:
Qout＝σs3×M3×B3×H3 1.5
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000023
wherein QoutDischarge of water for artificial lake and moons3Is the open sea submergence coefficient, M3Is the drainage flow coefficient of the artificial lake B3The width of the water gate for the artificial lake outlet H3For artificial lake headings, A3Is the area of the water area of the artificial lake h3Is the second artificial lake level.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sediment transport model of the sedimentation tank and the sediment transport model of the artificial lake have the following calculation expressions:
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000024
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000025
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000026
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000031
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000032
wherein t is time; x and y are rectangular coordinates; u and v are respectively the average flow velocity components of the vertical lines in the x and y directions; h is zeta + d is total water depth, wherein zeta is water level, and d is static water depth; spRepresenting the flow of the source and sink items; g is the acceleration of gravity; the Coriolis force f is 2 omega sin phi, omega is the rotational angular velocity of the earth, and phi is the latitude; czTo thanks the competence coefficient; t isxx,Txy,TyyThe eddy dynamic viscous force components of the water flow in all directions are respectively; z is a radical of0Is the elevation of the bottom slope; wx,WyWind stress components in x and y directions respectively; sxx,Sxy,Syx,SyyFour components of the radiation stress tensor are respectively; s is the average sand content of the vertical line; s*The sand-carrying capacity of the water flow; alpha is the probability of suspended sand sedimentation; dx,DyThe diffusion coefficients in the x and y directions, respectively.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expression of the artificial lake water exchange model is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000033
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000034
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000035
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000036
wherein
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000037
Is the indicator concentration averaged over the vertical; k is a radical ofpIs the linear decay rate of the indicator; s is a source item; csAn indicator concentration of the source; fcIs a horizontal diffusion term.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the computational expression of the model of water quality of artificial lake is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000038
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000041
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000042
Figure RE-FDA0002779135560000043
wherein C is water quality index concentration, ScAs a source and sink of water quality indicators, SPcIs a biochemical process item of water quality index.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the improving water quality treatment comprises:
i1. biochemical measures are adopted, namely, the water quality is improved by filter feeding organisms or microorganisms;
i2. physical measures are adopted, namely, the water inflow of the artificial lake is increased, so that the water changing frequency is increased, the water circulation of the artificial lake is accelerated, and the water quality is improved.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein in step f, the method of increasing the transparency of the artificial lake comprises: changing design parameters and changing a tide receiving model, wherein the design parameters comprise widening the gate width, reducing the gate bottom elevation and increasing the water inflow; the change of the tide-receiving model comprises shortening the tide-receiving time, prolonging the time for sediment precipitation and reducing the sand content of the water body of the inlet water of the artificial lake, thereby reducing the sand content of the water body of the artificial lake and increasing the transparency of the water body of the artificial lake.
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