CN112213205A - Method for testing bending property and extension property of 3D printing cement-based material - Google Patents
Method for testing bending property and extension property of 3D printing cement-based material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112213205A CN112213205A CN202011090151.2A CN202011090151A CN112213205A CN 112213205 A CN112213205 A CN 112213205A CN 202011090151 A CN202011090151 A CN 202011090151A CN 112213205 A CN112213205 A CN 112213205A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/28—Investigating ductility, e.g. suitability of sheet metal for deep-drawing or spinning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the bending property and the extensibility of a 3D printed cement-based material, which comprises the following steps: step one, testing the bending property of the cement-based material; extruding cement-based material printing strips by an extruding device on a workbench according to a specified broken line path or a curve path, wherein the broken line corner value of the broken line-shaped printing strip is gradually reduced in a gradient manner along with the increase of the detection times, the broken line corner value of the printing strip when a crack appears at the broken line corner is recorded, the curvature value of the curve corner of the curve-shaped printing strip is gradually increased in a gradient manner along with the increase of the detection times, and the curvature value of the printing strip when the crack appears at the curve corner is recorded; step two, comparing the bending property of the cement-based material; and step three, testing the extensibility of the cement-based material. The method provided by the invention can be used for detecting and evaluating the capability of the 3D printing cement-based material printing with the gradient or the protrusive structure, is beneficial to quantifying the printing performance of the printing material, and has a guiding function on the preparation of the 3D printing cement-based material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing of buildings, and particularly relates to a method for testing the bending property and the extension property of a 3D printed cement-based material.
Background
In recent years, building 3D printing technology has been developed, which is a digital construction technology across subjects, and the requirements for building materials are different from the past, and the materials for building 3D printing are mainly cement-based materials. Along with the change of the requirements on the performance of the cement-based materials and the difference of application scenes, the related detection method of the materials also needs to be updated and supplemented. In contrast, a large amount of research work is carried out by domestic and foreign scholars, and performance detection standard standards for 3D printing of cement-based materials are formulated or are being formulated, and the standards mostly concentrate on the pipeline transportation property, the nozzle extrusion property, the accumulation property after being extruded from the nozzle and the stability after being accumulated of the 3D printing of the cement-based materials.
If the 3D printing cement-based material is unreasonably prepared, cracks are easy to appear at the printing turning positions, so that the printing quality is affected, but a related detection method or standard aiming at the material quality problem does not exist at present; the building 3D printing technology can print out a structure with a certain inclination, but at present, no detection method or standard exists for whether the cement-based material is suitable for printing the inclined structure or the extending structure, and whether the cement-based material is suitable for printing the inclined structure or the extending structure cannot be judged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for testing the bending property and the extension property of a 3D printing cement-based material, and the method can be used for detecting and evaluating the bending property and the extension property of the 3D printing cement-based material in a quantitative mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for testing the bending property and the extensibility of a 3D printed cement-based material, which comprises the following steps:
step one, testing the bending property of the cement-based material; extruding cement-based material printing strips by an extruding device on a workbench according to a specified broken line path or a curve path, wherein the broken line corner value of the broken line-shaped printing strip is gradually reduced in a gradient manner along with the increase of the detection times, the broken line corner value of the printing strip when a crack appears at the broken line corner is recorded, the curvature value of the curve corner of the curve-shaped printing strip is gradually increased in a gradient manner along with the increase of the detection times, and the curvature value of the printing strip when the crack appears at the curve corner is recorded;
step two, comparing the bending property of the cement-based material; setting a broken line corner value of the broken line-shaped printing strips or a curvature value of a curved corner of the curved printing strips, measuring and recording the crack width of the plurality of broken line-shaped printing strips at the vertex of the corner or the crack width of the plurality of curved cement-based printing strips at a specified curvature, and arranging according to the crack width from small to large;
step three, testing the extensibility of the cement-based material; the extrusion device extrudes the cement-based material on the workbench with the groove, the printing strip spans the groove, the width of the recording groove along the length direction of the printing strip and the droop distance of the printing strip at the groove are recorded, and the droop distance is used for representing the protrusion of the cement-based material.
Preferably, in the first step or the third step, the table is kept stationary, and the printing of the printing bar along the predetermined path is completed by moving the extruding device, or the extruding device is kept stationary, and the printing of the printing bar along the predetermined path is completed by moving the table, or the extruding device and the table are moved together to complete the printing of the printing bar along the predetermined path.
In the second step, the flexibility of the cement-based material is characterized by the crack depth of the zigzag printing strip at the vertex of the corner or the crack depth of the curved cement-based printing strip at the specified curvature.
As a preferable technical scheme, the diameter of the nozzle, the shape of the nozzle, the extrusion speed of the printing strip and the temperature and humidity of the test environment are kept the same when the cement-based material is extruded.
In a preferred embodiment, in the third step, the sagging distance of the printing strip at the groove is equal to the distance from the upper surface of the printing strip on the workbench to the upper surface of the lowest position of the printing strip or the distance from the upper surface of the workbench to the lower surface of the lowest position of the printing strip.
In the third step, the width of the groove on the workbench is adjustable along the length direction of the printing strip, the printing strip is perpendicular to the edge of the groove, and the protrusiveness of the cement-based material is characterized by the maximum width of the groove under the condition that the printing strip is kept unbroken.
Preferably, in the first step, the maximum value of the zigzag angle value of the zigzag print bar is 180 degrees, the minimum value is 10 degrees, and the descending gradient is 10 degrees.
Preferably, in the first step, the minimum curvature value of the curve corner of the curved printing strip is 1dm-1The maximum curvature value is 10dm-1With a rising gradient of 0.5dm-1。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, the bending quality of the material is represented by measuring the bending angle of the printing strip of the 3D printing cement-based material or the crack width at the top point of the bending angle under the same bending angle, and the bending quality of the 3D printing cement-based material obtained through the test can be used as an important parameter of the printing quality of the material.
(2) The invention represents the extension quality of the cement-based material by measuring the drooping distance of the printing strip of the 3D-printed cement-based material across the groove, and the extension of the cement-based material obtained by testing can be used as an important parameter for judging whether the material is suitable for printing suspended and extended structures.
(3) The testing method for the bending property and the extensibility of the 3D printing cement-based material disclosed by the invention can conveniently and quantitatively evaluate the bending property and the extensibility of the material respectively, detect and evaluate the capability of printing the structure with the inclination or the extensibility in the 3D printing cement-based material, contribute to quantifying the performance of the printing material and have a guiding function on the preparation of the 3D printing cement-based material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing method for testing bending and folding of a cement-based material.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing method for testing a bending curve of a cement-based material.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing cement-based material extensibility testing method of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are specified as follows: the device comprises an extrusion device 1, a cement-based material printing strip 2, a fold line corner 3, a curve corner 4, a droop distance 5, a groove 6 and a workbench 7.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a 3D printing bending fold line testing method for a cement-based material, and the bending of the cement-based material A is tested.
Adding the cement-based material A into an extrusion device 1, moving the extrusion device 1 on a workbench, extruding the cement-based material A according to a specified broken line path to form a cement-based material printing strip 2, wherein the size of the angle of a broken line corner 3 is gradually reduced from 180 degrees to 10 degrees, the angle is reduced by 10 degrees each time, when the angle of the cement-based material A is reduced to 80 degrees at the broken line corner 3, the broken line corner 3 cracks, and then, the conclusion is drawn that the bendable angle of the cement-based material A is 90 degrees.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a 3D printing bending fold line testing method for cement-based materials, which is used for comparing the bending of a cement-based material B, a cement-based material C and a cement-based material D.
Adding the cement-based material B into an extrusion device 1, moving the extrusion device 1 on a workbench, extruding the cement-based material B according to a specified broken line path to form a cement-based material printing strip 2, wherein the size of the angle of a broken line corner 3 is 60 degrees, after the printing is finished, measuring that the crack width of the cement-based material B at the broken line corner 3 is 1.1mm, testing the bending properties of the cement-based material C and the cement-based material D by the same method, measuring that the crack width of the cement-based material C at the broken line corner 3 is 0.5mm, and the cement-based material D does not crack at the broken line corner 3, so that the conclusion is drawn that the bending properties of the cement-based material B, the cement-based material C and the cement-based material D are sequentially from good to: the cement-based material D is more than the cement-based material C is more than the cement-based material B.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for testing a bending curve of a 3D printed cement-based material, and the method is used for testing the bending of a cement-based material E.
Adding the cement-based material E into an extrusion device 1, moving the extrusion device 1 on a workbench, extruding the cement-based material E according to a specified curve path to form a cement-based material printing strip 2, wherein the curvature of a curve corner 4 is 1dm-1To 5dm-1Sequentially increasing the gradient by 0.5dm each time-1The curvature of the cement-based material E at the curve corner 4 is found to be from 3.5dm-1Increased to 4dm-1At the time, a crack occurs at the corner 4 of the curve, and it is concluded that,the bendable curvature of the cement-based material E is 3.5dm-1。
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for testing a bending curve of a 3D printed cement-based material, which is used for comparing the bending of a cement-based material F, a cement-based material G and a cement-based material H.
Adding the cement-based material F into an extrusion device 1, moving the extrusion device 1 on a workbench, extruding the cement-based material F according to a specified curve path to form a cement-based material printing strip 2, wherein the curvature of a curve corner 4 is 4.5dm-1After printing, measuring the crack width of the cement-based material F at the curve corner 4 to be 0.3mm, testing the bending properties of the cement-based material G and the cement-based material H by the same method, measuring the crack width of the cement-based material G at the curve corner 4 to be 0.8mm, and measuring the cement-based material H at the curve corner 4 without cracks, and then concluding that the bending properties of the cement-based material F, the cement-based material G and the cement-based material H are sequentially from good to bad: the cement-based material H is more than the cement-based material F is more than the cement-based material G.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for testing the extensibility of a 3D printing cement-based material, which is used for testing and comparing the extensibility of a cement-based material I and the extensibility of a cement-based material J.
Adding the cement-based material I into the extrusion device 1, enabling the extrusion device 1 to move on the workbench 7, extruding the cement-based material I according to a specified curve path to form a cement-based material printing strip 2, enabling the cement-based material printing strip 2 to cross the groove 6, enabling the cement-based material printing strip 2 to sag in the groove 6 under the action of gravity, measuring the distance from the upper surface of the workbench 7 to the lowest point of the cement-based material printing strip 2 in the groove 6, namely the sag distance 5, and measuring the sag distance 5 of the cement-based material I to be 23.5mm, testing the extensibility of the cement-based material J by using the same method, measuring the sag distance 5 to be 10.8mm, comparing the extensibility of the cement-based material I and the extensibility of the cement-based material J, and considering that the extensibility of the cement-based material J is.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements based on the disclosure of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A3D printing method for testing the bending property and the extension property of a cement-based material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, testing the bending property of the cement-based material; extruding cement-based material printing strips by an extruding device on a workbench according to a specified broken line path or a curve path, wherein the broken line corner value of the broken line-shaped printing strip is gradually reduced in a gradient manner along with the increase of the detection times, the broken line corner value of the printing strip when a crack appears at the broken line corner is recorded, the curvature value of the curve corner of the curve-shaped printing strip is gradually increased in a gradient manner along with the increase of the detection times, and the curvature value of the printing strip when the crack appears at the curve corner is recorded;
step two, comparing the bending property of the cement-based material; setting a broken line corner value of the broken line-shaped printing strips or a curvature value of a curved corner of the curved printing strips, measuring and recording the crack width of the plurality of broken line-shaped printing strips at the vertex of the corner or the crack width of the plurality of curved cement-based printing strips at a specified curvature, and arranging according to the crack width from small to large;
step three, testing the extensibility of the cement-based material; the extrusion device extrudes the cement-based material on the workbench with the groove, the printing strip spans the groove, the width of the recording groove along the length direction of the printing strip and the droop distance of the printing strip at the groove are recorded, and the droop distance is used for representing the protrusion of the cement-based material.
2. The method for testing the flexibility and the extendibility of the 3D-printed cement-based material according to claim 1, wherein in the step one or the step three, the working table is kept static, and the printing work of the printing strips with the specified paths is completed through the movement of the extruding device, or the extruding device is kept static, and the printing work of the printing strips with the specified paths is completed through the movement of the working table, or the printing work of the printing strips with the specified paths is completed through the joint movement of the extruding device and the working table.
3. The method for testing the flexibility and the extensibility of the 3D printed cement-based material according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the flexibility of the cement-based material is characterized by the crack depth of the polygonal line-shaped printing strip at the vertex of the corner or the crack depth of the curved cement-based printing strip at the specified curvature.
4. The method for testing the flexibility and the extensibility of the 3D printed cement-based material according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the nozzle, the shape of the nozzle, the extrusion speed of the printing strip, and the temperature and the humidity of the testing environment are kept the same when the cement-based material is extruded.
5. The method for testing the flexibility and the extendibility of the 3D-printed cement-based material according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the sagging distance of the printing strip at the groove is equal to the distance from the upper surface of the printing strip on the workbench to the upper surface of the lowest part of the printing strip or the distance from the upper surface of the workbench to the lower surface of the lowest part of the printing strip.
6. The method for testing the flexibility and the extensibility of the 3D printed cement-based material according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the width of the groove on the workbench is adjustable along the length direction of the printing strip, the printing strip is perpendicular to the edge of the groove, and the extensibility of the cement-based material is characterized by the maximum width of the groove of the printing strip under the condition that the printing strip is kept not to be broken.
7. The method for testing the flexibility and the extendibility of the 3D-printed cement-based material according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the maximum value of the fold line angle value of the fold line-shaped printing strip is 180 degrees, the minimum value of the fold line angle value of the fold line-shaped printing strip is 10 degrees, and the descending gradient is 10 degrees.
8. The 3D printed cementitious material of claim 1, having a bendabilityAnd the extension test method is characterized in that in the step one, the minimum curvature value of the curve corner of the curve-shaped printing strip is 1dm-1The maximum curvature value is 10dm-1With a rising gradient of 0.5dm-1。
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| CN202011090151.2A CN112213205B (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Method for testing bendability and extensibility of 3D printing cement-based material |
| PCT/CN2021/116148 WO2022078100A1 (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2021-09-02 | Method for testing bendability and extensibility of 3d-printing cementitious material |
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| WO2022078100A1 (en) | 2022-04-21 |
| CN112213205B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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