CN112211626B - Optimization method for productivity well testing test type of heterogeneous gas reservoir gas well - Google Patents
Optimization method for productivity well testing test type of heterogeneous gas reservoir gas well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing the productivity well testing test type of a heterogeneous gas reservoir gas well, which comprises the following steps: collecting basic data of the well and engineering technical parameter data related to the well from a production site; calculating the bottom hole flowing pressure and the average formation pressure; calculating the pressure failure degree by using the original formation pressure and the current formation pressure; calculating a dimensionless gas well rice gas production index; carrying out first-level judgment on the gas well productivity well testing test type according to the permeability of the reservoir; aiming at 4 conditions of the primary judgment result, carrying out secondary judgment on the gas well productivity well testing test type by utilizing the pressure failure degree; aiming at the 6 seed situations of the secondary judgment results, carrying out the tertiary judgment of the gas well productivity well testing test type by utilizing the size and the grade of the value of the dimensionless gas well rice gas production index; the productivity testing method of the gas well is obtained according to the judgment, the work ensures the effectiveness of the productivity testing of the gas well, and powerful technical support can be provided for efficient development of the gas reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for optimizing the productivity well testing test type of a heterogeneous gas reservoir gas well, and belongs to the technical field of natural gas development.
Background
Compared with coal and petroleum, natural gas has the characteristics of high combustion efficiency and low pollution, and is the most realistic clean energy in the 21 st century. At present, the proportion of natural gas resources in world energy consumption structures is getting larger and larger, the world oil and natural gas industry has entered the age of large-scale natural gas development, and the efficient development of natural gas resources has become a necessary trend and a necessary route for the development of world oil and natural gas. The natural gas resource potential of China is large, the distribution range is wide, and the natural gas resource exploration in the places such as Ordos basins, Tarim basins, Songliao basins, Sichuan basins and south sea producing areas has important breakthrough. Wherein, the unconventional natural gas resources of the Sichuan basin are most abundant, five oil and gas areas of Chongqing, Shunan, northwest Sichuan, Chuanzhong and northeast Sichuan in Chongqing areas are all buried, and the geological reserves of the natural gas are found by accumulating 172251 multiplied by 10 at present8m3. Wherein, only the three-level reserves (proven reserve, predicted reserve, controlled reserve) of Yuan-Ba gas field are 1.1 × 108m3。
The natural gas reservoirs found in China mainly comprise various unconventional natural gas reservoirs such as low-permeability compact sandstone gas reservoirs, carbonate gas reservoirs, volcanic rock gas reservoirs, shale gas reservoirs and the like. Most unconventional natural gas reservoirs in China generally have the characteristic of strong heterogeneity, and the capacity difference of each well is large. The effective evaluation of the gas well productivity is an important basis for reasonable production allocation of the gas well. And (3) developing the productivity evaluation of the gas well, firstly developing the productivity well test of the gas well, then performing the productivity well test interpretation on the test data, and obtaining the productivity of the gas well. The gas well productivity well testing method mainly comprises 4 types: back pressure well testing, isochronous well testing, correction isochronous well testing and one-point method well testing. If the selection of the productivity test type of the gas well is not proper, the productivity well test fails, the test data does not meet the requirements of gas well productivity well test interpretation, or the gas well productivity well test interpretation cannot be developed, or the interpreted gas well productivity does not accord with the actual condition. If the situation occurs, the water drift is generated by manpower, material resources and capital investment of the gas well productivity test.
At present, selection of the productivity test type of the gas well is mainly determined according to the core permeability or the permeability explained by gas well logging, or according to the gas well productivity test experience of a certain gas reservoir block. The method for judging by using the permeability mainly comprises the steps of carrying out back pressure well testing on a well with high permeability, carrying out isochronous well testing on a well with medium permeability, and carrying out correction isochronous well testing on a well with low permeability and ultra-low permeability. And the one-point method well testing type does not consider the permeability and is generally used for exploring and testing a gas well. On one hand, the rock core permeability and the logging permeability do not represent the effective permeability of natural gas in underground seepage, so that misjudgment often occurs when judgment is carried out according to the permeability, and further, test data cannot be subjected to effective well testing explanation; on the other hand, for a heterogeneous gas reservoir, the physical properties of a near wellbore region and a far wellbore region are greatly different, and the core permeability and the logging permeability can only represent the physical properties near the wellbore wall and cannot represent the reservoir characteristics in the whole leakage region from tens of meters to hundreds of meters, so that misjudgment is often caused according to the permeability, and the test fails. The judgment is carried out according to the experience of the test wells at the early stage of the gas reservoir, on one hand, the test failure caused by repeated tests of a large number of test wells at the early stage can be caused, on the other hand, the applicability of the empirical method to the heterogeneous gas reservoir is poor because the heterogeneous gas reservoir often shows the characteristic of 'one well to one difference', the misjudgment rate of the selected productivity well test type is high, and the risk is large. In addition, for the same well, because of the change of production time, the formation energy condition and the gas well production capacity can be changed, the corresponding productivity test method may also need to be changed, and if an empirical method is adopted for testing, the problem of test data can also be caused. In view of the above problems, it is urgent to change the current situation of selecting the type of the productivity well testing by only depending on a single parameter of permeability and testing experience so as to avoid the testing risk. Therefore, a quantitative optimization method suitable for the type of the productivity well testing test of the gas well of the heterogeneous gas reservoir is established, the effectiveness of the productivity well testing test of the gas well is ensured, and the significance is great.
The dynamic data of gas well production is the first dynamic data of gas well development and production. Based on the dynamic data of gas well production, the permeability, the pressure failure degree and the dimensionless gas well rice gas production index are used as evaluation parameters, and the domain values of the three parameters are divided to carry out step-by-step judgment, so that the type of gas well productivity well testing is optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly overcomes the defects in the prior art and provides a method for optimizing the productivity well testing test type of a gas well of a heterogeneous gas reservoir.
The invention solves the technical problems, and the provided technical scheme is as follows: a preferable method for the productivity well testing test type of a gas well of a heterogeneous gas reservoir comprises the following steps:
s10, acquiring field production data of the target well of the heterogeneous gas reservoir and engineering technical parameter data related to the target well;
step S20, according to the current daily gas production qgCurrent wellhead oil pressure ptMaximum daily gas production q after well operationgmaxWell head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum daily gas productiont-qmRespectively calculating the current bottom hole flowing pressure pwfCurrent formation pressure pRBottom hole flowing pressure p corresponding to maximum gas production rate of gas wellwf-qmAverage formation pressure p corresponding to maximum gas production rate of gas wellR-qm；
Step S30, utilizing the original formation pressure piAnd the current formation pressure pRCalculating the degree of stress failure Rd；
Step S40, calculating the dimensionless gas well meter gas production index J of the target wellD；
Step S50, determining several productivity well testing types which can be adopted by a target well from four gas well productivity well testing types of back pressure well testing, isochronous well testing, correction isochronous well testing and one-point method well testing according to the permeability k of a reservoir stratum, and obtaining a primary judgment result;
step S60, utilizing the pressure failure degree R for the first-stage judgment resultdDetermining the type of the productivity well testing to be adopted by the target well, and whether three-level judgment is required to be further adopted, if the three-level judgment is not required to be adopted, obtaining a final result; if the third-level judgment is needed, a second-level judgment result is obtained;
step S70, aiming at the secondary judgment result, utilizing the dimensionless gas well meter gas production index JDAnd finally determining the type of the productivity well testing test to be taken by the target well.
The further technical proposal is that the on-site production data comprises the maximum daily gas production q after the well is put into productiongmaxWell head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum daily gas productiont-qmCurrent daily gas production qgCurrent wellhead oil pressure pt(ii) a The engineering technical parameter data comprise reservoir permeability k and original formation pressure piEffective thickness H of reservoir, buried depth H of reservoir, temperature T of reservoir, natural gas deviation factor Z and specific gravity gamma of natural gasgWell radius rwSupply radius reThe inner diameter d of the oil pipe, the friction coefficient f of the pipe wall and the skin coefficient S of the well.
The further technical scheme is that the specific steps of step S20 are as follows:
step S201, according to the current daily gas production qgCurrent wellhead oil pressure pt(ii) a Calculating the current bottom hole flow pressure p by adopting a temperature-deviation coefficient methodwf；
In the formula: p is a radical ofwfThe current bottom hole flowing pressure; q. q.sgThe current daily gas production; p is a radical oftThe current wellhead oil pressure; h is reservoir buried depth; t is reservoir temperature; z is a natural gas deviation factor; gamma raygIs the specific gravity of natural gas; d is the inner diameter of the oil pipe; f is the friction coefficient of the pipe wall;
step S202, utilizing the current bottom hole flow pressure pwfThe current formation pressure p is calculated as followsR；
In the formula: p is a radical ofwfThe current bottom hole flowing pressure; p is a radical ofRIs the current formation pressure; p is a radical oftThe current wellhead oil pressure; h is the effective thickness of the reservoir; k is reservoir permeability; radius of well rw(ii) a Radius of feed re(ii) a S is the epidermis coefficient; q. q.sgThe current daily gas production; μ is the gas viscosity;
step S203, according to the maximum daily gas production q after the well is put into productiongmaxWell head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum daily gas productiont-qm(ii) a Calculating the corresponding bottom hole flowing pressure p when the maximum gas production rate of the gas well is calculated by adopting a temperature-deviation coefficient methodwf-qm；
In the formula: p is a radical ofwf-qmThe bottom hole flowing pressure corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well; q. q.sgmaxThe maximum daily gas production after the well is put into production; p is a radical oft-qmThe oil pressure of the well mouth corresponding to the maximum daily gas production amount; h is reservoir buried depth; t is reservoir temperature; z is a natural gas deviation factor; gamma raygIs the specific gravity of natural gas; d is the inner diameter of the oil pipe; f is the friction coefficient of the pipe wall;
step S204, utilizing the corresponding bottom hole flowing pressure p when the gas well has the maximum gas production ratewf-qmCalculating the average formation pressure p corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well according to the following formulaR-qm；
In the formula: p is a radical ofwf-qmThe bottom hole flowing pressure corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well; p is a radical ofR-qmThe average formation pressure corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well; p is a radical oftThe current wellhead oil pressure; h is the effective thickness of the reservoir; k is reservoir permeability; radius of well rw(ii) a Radius of feed re(ii) a S is the epidermis coefficient.
The further technical solution is that the calculation formula of step S30 is:
in the formula: rdDegree of stress failure; p is a radical ofRIs the current formation pressure; p is a radical ofiIs the original formation pressure.
The further technical scheme is that the specific process of the step S40 is as follows:
step S401, utilizing the current daily gas production qgReservoir thickness h, current bottom hole flow pressure pwfAnd the current formation pressure pRCalculating the current gas well meter gas production index J according to the following formulag；
In the formula: j. the design is a squaregThe gas production for the current gas well is indicated; p is a radical ofRIs the current formation pressure; q. q.sgThe current daily gas production; p is a radical ofwfThe current bottom hole flowing pressure; h is the effective thickness of the reservoir;
step S402, utilizing the current daily gas production qgReservoir thickness h, current bottom hole flow pressure pwfAnd the current formation pressure pRCalculating the current gas well meter gas production index J according to the following formulag；
In the formula: j. the design is a squaregmaxThe gas production index of the gas well at the maximum daily gas production rate is obtained; p is a radical ofwf-qmThe bottom hole flowing pressure corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well; p is a radical ofR-qmThe average formation pressure corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well; h is the effective thickness of the reservoir; q. q.sgmaxThe maximum daily gas production after the well is put into production;
step (ii) of403. Finally, the dimensionless gas well meter gas production index J is calculated according to the following formulaD；
JD＝Jg/Jgmax
In the formula: j. the design is a squaregmaxThe gas production index of the gas well at the maximum daily gas production rate is obtained; j. the design is a squaregThe gas production for the current gas well is indicated; j. the design is a squareDThe gas production index of the dimensionless gas well is shown.
The further technical solution is that the determination criteria of step S50 are:
if k is greater than 50mD and belongs to a high permeability reservoir, judging that the well can adopt two types of back pressure well testing and isochronous well testing to carry out gas well productivity testing, and not recommending to adopt correction isochronous well testing and one-point method well testing to carry out productivity testing, wherein the primary judgment result is 'case 1';
if the permeability range is that k is more than or equal to 5mD and less than or equal to 50mD and the well belongs to a medium permeability reservoir, judging that the well can adopt three types of back pressure well testing, isochronous well testing and correction isochronous well testing to carry out gas well productivity testing, not suggesting that a one-point method well testing is adopted to carry out productivity testing, and the primary judgment result is 'case 2';
if the permeability range is more than or equal to 0.1mD and less than or equal to k and less than 5mD, the permeability belongs to a low-permeability reservoir, the gas well productivity test can be carried out by adopting three types of isochronous well testing, correction isochronous well testing and one-point method well testing, the productivity test by adopting back pressure well testing is not recommended, and the primary judgment result is 'case 3';
if the permeability k is less than 0.1mD and belongs to an ultra-low permeability reservoir, namely a compact reservoir, judging that the well can adopt two types of correction equal-time well testing and one-point method well testing to carry out gas well productivity testing, and not recommending back pressure well testing and equal-time well testing to carry out productivity testing, wherein the first-level judgment result is 'case 4'.
The further technical solution is that the determination criteria of step S60 are:
when the primary determination result is "case 1", if the degree of pressure failure R isd<If the pressure failure degree is 30 percent, judging that the well can adopt a back pressure well test to carry out gas well productivity test, not suggesting to adopt an equal time well test, finishing the second-stage judgment and not needing to further carry out third-stage judgment; if pressingThe degree of the mechanical failure is more than or equal to 30 percent and R is less than or equal todLess than or equal to 60 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is medium, the well is judged to adopt a back pressure well test and an isochronous well test to carry out productivity test, three-level judgment needs to be further carried out, and the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 1-1'; if degree of pressure failure Rd>60%, namely the pressure failure degree is high, the well can be judged to adopt an equal-time well test to develop the productivity test of the gas well, a back pressure well test is not recommended, the second-stage judgment is finished, and the third-stage judgment is not required to be further developed;
when the primary determination result is "case 2", if the degree of pressure failure R isd<30%, namely the pressure failure degree is low, the well can adopt a back pressure well test and an isochronous well test to carry out productivity test, three-level judgment needs to be further carried out, and the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 2-1'; if the degree of pressure failure is less than or equal to 30 percent RdLess than or equal to 60 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is medium, the well is judged to adopt an isochronous well test and a corrected isochronous well test to develop a productivity test, three-level judgment needs to be further developed, and the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 2-2'; if degree of pressure failure Rd>60%, namely the pressure failure degree is high, the well can be judged to adopt correction equal-time well testing to develop the gas well productivity test, and the second-stage judgment is finished without further development of third-stage judgment;
when the primary determination result is "case 3", if the degree of pressure failure R isd<If the pressure failure degree is 30 percent, judging that the well can adopt an isochronous well test to develop the productivity test of the gas well, and finishing the second-level judgment without further developing a third-level judgment; if the degree of pressure failure is less than or equal to 30 percent RdLess than or equal to 60 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is medium, the well is judged to adopt a correction equal-time well test, a one-point well test can be adopted to carry out the productivity test, three-level judgment needs to be further carried out, and the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 3-1'; if degree of pressure failure Rd>60%, namely the pressure failure degree is high, the well is judged to adopt a correction equal-time well test, a one-point well test is adopted to carry out the productivity test, three-level judgment needs to be further carried out, and the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 3-2';
when the primary determination result is "case 4", if the degree of pressure failure R isd<If the pressure failure degree is 30 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is low, the well can be judged to adopt correction equal-time well testing to develop the gas well productivity test, and the second-level judgment is finished without further developing third-level judgment; if the degree of pressure failure is less than or equal to 30 percent RdLess than or equal to 60 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is medium, the well is judged to adopt a correction equal-time well test, a one-point well test can be adopted to carry out the productivity test, three-level judgment needs to be further carried out, and the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 4-1'; if degree of pressure failure Rd>And 60%, namely the pressure failure degree is high, the well can be tested by adopting a one-point method to carry out the gas well productivity test, and the second-level judgment is finished without further carrying out third-level judgment.
The further technical solution is that the determination criteria of step S70 are:
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 1-1', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionDIf the gas well productivity is more than or equal to 0.3, judging that the well can adopt a back pressure test well to carry out a gas well productivity test; otherwise, judging that the well can adopt an isochronous well test to develop the gas well productivity test;
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 2-1', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionD>0.6, judging that the well can adopt a back pressure test well to carry out gas well productivity test; otherwise, judging that the well can adopt an isochronous well test to develop the gas well productivity test;
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 2-2', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionD>0.6, judging that the well can adopt an isochronous well test to develop the gas well productivity test; otherwise, judging that the well can adopt correction isochronous well testing to develop the gas well productivity test;
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 3-1', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionDIf the gas well productivity is more than or equal to 0.3, judging that the gas well productivity test can be carried out by adopting correction isochronous well testing; otherwise, judging that the well can adopt a one-point method to test the well to carry out the gas well productivity test;
when the secondary determination result is "sub-case 3-2", if there is no causeGas production index J of secondary gas wellDIf the gas well productivity is more than or equal to 0.6, judging that the gas well productivity test can be carried out by adopting correction isochronous well testing; otherwise, judging that the well can adopt a one-point method to test the well to carry out the gas well productivity test;
if the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 4-1', the gas production index J of the gas well without the factorDIf the gas well productivity is more than or equal to 0.6, judging that the gas well productivity test can be carried out by adopting correction isochronous well testing; otherwise, the well can be tested by adopting a one-point method to carry out the gas well productivity test.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention uses three index parameters of permeability, pressure failure degree and dimensionless gas well meter gas production index as evaluation parameters, and can preferably select the productivity well testing type of the gas well of the heterogeneous gas reservoir by the three-level judgment rule of the invention, thereby avoiding the testing risk and uncertainty caused by selecting the testing type only by depending on a single parameter of permeability and an empirical method, ensuring the effectiveness of the gas well productivity testing, and providing powerful technical support for the efficient development of the gas reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of grading judgment of gas well productivity well testing types.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a preferable method for the productivity well testing test type of a heterogeneous gas reservoir gas well, which comprises the following steps of:
s10, acquiring field production data of the target well of the heterogeneous gas reservoir and engineering technical parameter data related to the target well;
step S20, according to the current daily gas production qgCurrent wellhead oil pressure ptMaximum daily gas production q after well operationgmaxWell head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum daily gas productiont-qmRespectively calculating the current bottom hole flowing pressure pwfCurrent formation pressure pRBottom hole flowing pressure p corresponding to maximum gas production rate of gas wellwf-qmAverage formation pressure p corresponding to maximum gas production rate of gas wellR-qm；
Step (ii) ofS30, utilizing original formation pressure piAnd the current formation pressure pRCalculating the degree of stress failure Rd；
Step S40, calculating the dimensionless gas well meter gas production index J of the target wellD；
Step S50, finally according to the reservoir permeability k and the pressure failure degree RdDimensionless gas well gas production index JDAnd performing grading judgment on the gas well productivity well testing test types according to the grading judgment block diagram of the gas well productivity well testing test types shown in fig. 1, wherein the specific judgment and judgment methods are shown in tables 1 to 6.
TABLE 1 first-class determination method table for gas well productivity test types
TABLE 2 two-stage determination method for gas well productivity test type of "case 1
| Degree of pressure failure | Grade | Back pressure | Isochronous data | Whether three-level determination is required | Second order decision result |
| Rd<30％ | Is low in | √ | × | Whether or not | Back pressure well testing |
| 30％≤Rd≤60％ | In | √ | √ | Is that | Subcategories 1-1 |
| Rd>60％ | Height of | × | √ | Whether or not | Isochronous well testing |
TABLE 3 two-stage determination method for gas well productivity test type of "case 2
TABLE 4 secondary determination method for gas well productivity test type of "case 3
TABLE 5 two-stage determination method for gas well productivity test type of "case 4
TABLE 6 three-stage judgment method table for gas well productivity test types
Example 1
The invention discloses a method for optimizing the productivity well testing test type of a heterogeneous gas reservoir gas well, which comprises the following steps:
step S10, setting X1 well in some heterogeneous gas reservoir to be tested for gas well productivity, collecting reservoir permeability k of the well from production site as 0.224mD and original formation pressure pi29.03MPa, maximum daily gas production q after well productiongmax＝27.9×104m3Well head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum gas productiont-qm3.1MPa, current daily gas production qg＝12.4×104m3Current wellhead oil pressure pt1.1MPa, effective thickness H of reservoir layer is 16.3m, buried depth H of reservoir layer is 2810m, reservoir temperature T is 91.8 deg.C, deviation factor Z of natural gas is 0.97 and specific gravity gamma of natural gasg0.55, well radius rw0.07m, supply radius re0.07m, 76mm of inner diameter d of oil pipe, 0.014 of friction coefficient f of pipe wall and 0.5 of surface coefficient S of well;
s20, calculating the current bottom hole flow pressure and the average formation pressure corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well;
step S201, utilizing the current daily gas production qg＝12.4×104m3And the current wellhead oil pressure ptCalculating the bottom hole flow pressure by a temperature (T) -deviation coefficient (Z) method under the condition of 1.1MPa, and substituting the temperature (T) -deviation coefficient (Z) into the following formula to calculate the current bottom hole flow pressure pwf＝10.7MPa，
Step S202, assuming that the gas is in an instantaneous steady-state seepage mode, and utilizing the current bottom hole flow pressure pwfSubstituting 10.7MPa into the formula to calculate the current formation pressure pR＝15.61MPa；
Step S203, utilizing the maximum daily gas production q after the well is put into productiongmax＝27.9×104m3Well head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum daily gas productiont-qm3.1MPa, and calculating the corresponding bottom hole flowing pressure p when the maximum gas production rate of the gas wellwf-qmAverage formation pressure p corresponding to 25.2MPa and maximum gas production rate of the gas wellR-qm＝28.9MPa；
Step S30, utilizing the original formation pressure pi29.03MPa and current formation pressure pRThe degree of stress failure R was calculated as follows, when the pressure failure rate is 15.61MPad＝46.23％，
Step S40, calculating dimensionless gas well meter gas production index JD；
Step S401, utilizing the current daily gas production qg＝12.4×104m3Reservoir thickness h is 16.3m, bottom hole flow pressure pwf10.7MPa and current formation pressure pRCalculating the gas production index J of the current gas well according to the following formula under the condition that the pressure is 15.61MPag＝0.11×104m3/d/MPa/m，
Step S402, utilizing the maximum daily gas production q after the well is put into productiongmax＝27.9×104m3And the bottom hole flowing pressure p corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas wellwf-qmAverage formation pressure p corresponding to 25.2MPa and maximum gas production rate of the gas wellR-qmCalculating the gas production index J of the gas well at the maximum gas production rate of 28.9MPagmax＝0.46×104m3/d/MPa/m；
Step S403, obtaining gas index J of gas well rice at presentgGas well meter gas production index J divided by maximum gas productiongmaxTo obtain the dimensionless gas well rice gas production index JD＝0.34；
Step S50, carrying out first-level judgment on the type of the gas well productivity well testing test;
according to the permeability k of the reservoir, which is 0.224mD, the reservoir belongs to a low-permeability reservoir, grading judgment is carried out according to the table 1, the well can be judged to adopt three types of isochronous well testing, correction of the isochronous well testing and one-point well testing to carry out gas well productivity testing, back pressure well testing is not recommended to carry out productivity testing, and the primary judgment result is 'case 3';
step S60, carrying out secondary judgment on the type of the gas well productivity well testing test;
for the result of the primary determination "case 3", the degree of pressure failure R is usedd46.23%, the pressure failure degree is medium, grading judgment is carried out according to the table 4, the well can be judged to adopt a correction equal-time well test, a one-point well test can be adopted to carry out the productivity test, three-level judgment needs to be further carried out, and the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 3-1';
step S70, carrying out three-level judgment on the type of the gas well productivity well testing test;
for the result of the secondary decision of 'sub-situation 3-1', a dimensionless gas well meter gas production index J is utilizedDIf the grade is 0.34, i.e. in "medium", and the grade is judged according to table 6, the well can be judged to be capable of performing the gas well productivity test by adopting the correction isochronous well test.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for optimizing the productivity well testing test type of a gas well of a heterogeneous gas reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, acquiring field production data of the target well of the heterogeneous gas reservoir and engineering technical parameter data related to the target well;
step S20, according to the current daily gas production qgCurrent wellhead oil pressure ptMaximum daily gas production q after well operationgmaxWell head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum daily gas productiont-qmRespectively calculating the current bottom hole flowing pressure pwfCurrent formation pressure pRBottom hole flowing pressure p corresponding to maximum gas production rate of gas wellwf-qmAverage formation pressure p corresponding to maximum gas production rate of gas wellR-qm；
Step S30, utilizing the original formation pressure piAnd the current formation pressure pRCalculating the degree of stress failure Rd；
Step S40, calculating the dimensionless gas well meter gas production index J of the target wellD；
Step S50, determining several productivity well testing types adopted by a target well from four gas well productivity well testing types of back pressure well testing, isochronous well testing, correction isochronous well testing and one-point method well testing according to the permeability k of the reservoir, and obtaining a primary judgment result;
if k is greater than 50mD and belongs to a high permeability reservoir, judging that the well adopts two types of back pressure well testing and isochronous well testing to carry out gas well productivity testing, does not adopt correction isochronous well testing and one-point method well testing to carry out productivity testing, and the primary judgment result is 'case 1';
if the permeability range is that k is more than or equal to 5mD and less than or equal to 50mD, and the well belongs to a medium permeability reservoir, determining that the well adopts three types of back pressure well testing, isochronous well testing and correction isochronous well testing to carry out gas well productivity testing, and does not adopt one-point method well testing to carry out productivity testing, wherein the primary determination result is 'case 2';
if the permeability range is more than or equal to 0.1mD and less than or equal to k and less than 5mD, the permeability belongs to a low-permeability reservoir, the gas well productivity test is carried out by adopting three types of isochronous well testing, correction isochronous well testing and one-point method well testing, the productivity test is carried out without adopting back pressure well testing, and the primary judgment result is 'case 3';
if the permeability k is less than 0.1mD and belongs to an ultra-low permeability reservoir, namely a compact reservoir, judging that the well adopts two types of correction equal-time well testing and one-point method well testing to carry out the productivity test of the gas well, and does not adopt back pressure well testing and equal-time well testing to carry out the productivity test, wherein the primary judgment result is 'case 4';
step S60, utilizing the pressure failure degree R for the first-stage judgment resultdDetermining the type of the productivity well testing to be adopted by the target well, and whether three-level judgment is required to be further adopted, if the three-level judgment is not required to be adopted, obtaining a final result; if the third-level judgment is needed, a second-level judgment result is obtained;
when the primary determination result is "case 1", if the degree of pressure failure R isd<If the pressure failure degree is 30 percent, judging that the well adopts a back pressure well test to carry out gas well productivity test, not adopting an isochronous well test, finishing the second-stage judgment and not further carrying out third-stage judgment; if the degree of pressure failure is less than or equal to 30 percent RdIf the pressure failure degree is less than or equal to 60 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is medium, judging that the well adopts a back pressure test well or an isochronous test well to carry out productivity test, and further carrying out third-level judgment, wherein the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 1-1'; if degree of pressure failure Rd>60%, namely the pressure failure degree is high, judging that the well adopts an isochronous well test to develop the productivity test of the gas well, does not adopt a back pressure well test, finishes the second-stage judgment and does not need to further develop a third-stage judgment;
when the primary determination result is "case 2", if the degree of pressure failure R isd<30 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is low, the well is judged to adopt a back pressure test well or an isochronous test well to carry out productivity test, three-level judgment needs to be further carried out, and the second-level judgment result is'Sub-case 2-1 "; if the degree of pressure failure is less than or equal to 30 percent RdIf the pressure failure degree is less than or equal to 60 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is medium, judging that the well adopts an isochronous well test or a corrected isochronous well test to carry out a productivity test, and further carrying out third-level judgment, wherein the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 2-2'; if degree of pressure failure Rd>60%, namely the pressure failure degree is high, judging that the well adopts correction equal-time well testing to develop the productivity test of the gas well, finishing the second-stage judgment, and not needing to further develop third-stage judgment;
when the primary determination result is "case 3", if the degree of pressure failure R isd<If the pressure failure degree is 30 percent, judging that the well adopts an isochronous well test to develop the productivity test of the gas well, and finishing the second-level judgment without further developing a third-level judgment; if the degree of pressure failure is less than or equal to 30 percent RdIf the pressure failure degree is less than or equal to 60 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is medium, judging that the well adopts correction equal time well testing or one-point well testing to carry out productivity test, further carrying out three-level judgment, wherein the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 3-1'; if degree of pressure failure Rd>60%, namely the pressure failure degree is high, judging that the well adopts correction equal time well testing or one-point well testing to carry out productivity testing, further carrying out third-level judgment, and judging that the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 3-2';
when the primary determination result is "case 4", if the degree of pressure failure R isd<If the pressure failure degree is 30 percent, judging that the well adopts correction equal-time well testing to develop the productivity test of the gas well, finishing the second-stage judgment and not needing to further develop third-stage judgment; if the degree of pressure failure is less than or equal to 30 percent RdIf the pressure failure degree is less than or equal to 60 percent, namely the pressure failure degree is medium, judging that the well adopts a correction equal time well test or a one-point well test to carry out the productivity test, and further carrying out three-level judgment, wherein the secondary judgment result is 'sub-situation 4-1'; if degree of pressure failure Rd>60%, namely the pressure failure degree is high, the well is judged to adopt a one-point method to test the well to develop the productivity test of the gas well, and the second-level judgment is finished without further developing third-level judgment;
step S70, aiming at the secondary judgment result, utilizing the dimensionless gas well meter gas production index JDFinally determining the productivity test well test that the target well should takeA trial type;
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 1-1', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionDIf the gas well productivity is more than or equal to 0.3, judging that the well adopts a back pressure test well to carry out the gas well productivity test; otherwise, judging that the well adopts an isochronous well test to develop the gas well productivity test;
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 2-1', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionD>0.6, judging that the well adopts a back pressure test well to carry out the productivity test of the gas well; otherwise, judging that the well adopts an isochronous well test to develop the gas well productivity test;
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 2-2', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionD>0.6, judging that the well adopts an isochronous well test to develop the productivity test of the gas well; otherwise, judging that the well adopts correction isochronous well testing to develop the gas well productivity test;
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 3-1', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionDIf the gas well productivity is more than or equal to 0.3, judging that the gas well productivity test is carried out by adopting correction isochronous well testing; otherwise, judging that the well adopts a one-point method to test the well to carry out the gas well productivity test;
when the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 3-2', if the gas well meter gas production index J has no dimensionDIf the gas well productivity is more than or equal to 0.6, judging that the gas well productivity test is carried out by adopting correction isochronous well testing; otherwise, judging that the well adopts a one-point method to test the well to carry out the gas well productivity test;
if the second-level judgment result is 'sub-situation 4-1', the gas production index J of the gas well without the factorDIf the gas well productivity is more than or equal to 0.6, judging that the gas well productivity test is carried out by adopting correction isochronous well testing; otherwise, the well is judged to adopt a one-point method to test the well to carry out the gas well productivity test.
2. The method for optimizing the type of well productivity test of the gas well in the heterogeneous gas reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the on-site production data comprises the maximum daily gas production q after the well is put into productiongmaxWell head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum daily gas productiont-qmCurrent daily gas production qgCurrent wellhead oil pressure pt(ii) a The engineering techniqueThe operation parameter data comprises reservoir permeability k and original formation pressure piEffective thickness H of reservoir, buried depth H of reservoir, temperature T of reservoir, natural gas deviation factor Z and specific gravity gamma of natural gasgWell radius rwSupply radius reThe inner diameter d of the oil pipe, the friction coefficient f of the pipe wall and the skin coefficient S of the well.
3. The method for optimizing the type of the productivity well test of the gas well of the heterogeneous gas reservoir as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific steps of the step S20 are as follows:
step S201, according to the current daily gas production qgCurrent wellhead oil pressure pt(ii) a Calculating the current bottom hole flow pressure p by adopting a temperature-deviation coefficient methodwf；
In the formula: p is a radical ofwfThe current bottom hole flowing pressure; q. q.sgThe current daily gas production; p is a radical oftThe current wellhead oil pressure; h is reservoir buried depth; t is reservoir temperature; z is a natural gas deviation factor; gamma raygIs the specific gravity of natural gas; d is the inner diameter of the oil pipe; f is the friction coefficient of the pipe wall;
step S202, utilizing the current bottom hole flow pressure pwfThe current formation pressure p is calculated as followsR；
In the formula: p is a radical ofRIs the current formation pressure; h is the effective thickness of the reservoir; k is reservoir permeability; r iswIs the well radius; r iseIs the feed radius; s is the epidermis coefficient; μ is the gas viscosity;
step S203, according to the maximum daily gas production q after the well is put into productiongmaxWell head oil pressure p corresponding to maximum daily gas productiont-qm(ii) a Calculating the corresponding bottom hole flowing pressure p when the maximum gas production rate of the gas well is calculated by adopting a temperature-deviation coefficient methodwf-qm；
In the formula: p is a radical ofwf-qmThe bottom hole flowing pressure corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well; q. q.sgmaxThe maximum daily gas production after the well is put into production; p is a radical oft-qmThe oil pressure of the well mouth corresponding to the maximum daily gas production amount;
step S204, utilizing the corresponding bottom hole flowing pressure p when the gas well has the maximum gas production ratewf-qmCalculating the average formation pressure p corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well according to the following formulaR-qm；
In the formula: p is a radical ofR-qmThe average formation pressure corresponding to the maximum gas production rate of the gas well.
4. The method for testing the productivity of the gas well in the heterogeneous gas reservoir according to the claim 3, wherein the calculation formula of the step S30 is as follows:
in the formula: rdDegree of stress failure; p is a radical ofiIs the original formation pressure.
5. The method for testing the productivity of the gas well in the heterogeneous gas reservoir according to the claim 3, wherein the specific process of the step S40 is as follows:
step S401, utilizing the current daily gas production qgEffective reservoir thickness h, current bottom hole flow pressure pwfAnd the current formation pressure pRCalculating the current gas well meter gas production index J according to the following formulag；
In the formula: j. the design is a squaregThe gas production for the current gas well is indicated;
step S402, utilizing the current daily gas production qgEffective reservoir thickness h, current bottom hole flow pressure pwfAnd the current formation pressure pRCalculating the current gas well meter gas production index J according to the following formulag；
In the formula: j. the design is a squaregmaxThe gas production index of the gas well at the maximum daily gas production rate is obtained;
step 403, finally calculating to obtain dimensionless gas well meter gas production index J according to the following formulaD；
JD＝Jg/Jgmax
In the formula: j. the design is a squareDThe gas production index of the dimensionless gas well is shown.
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