CN112210405A - Coal gasifying stove - Google Patents
Coal gasifying stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN112210405A CN112210405A CN202011170195.6A CN202011170195A CN112210405A CN 112210405 A CN112210405 A CN 112210405A CN 202011170195 A CN202011170195 A CN 202011170195A CN 112210405 A CN112210405 A CN 112210405A
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- distribution plate
- reaction chamber
- reaction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a coal gasifier comprising a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber located above the first reaction chamber; the first reaction cavity is provided with a gasification agent inlet, the second reaction cavity is provided with a material inlet and a crude gas outlet, and the bottom of the second reaction cavity is provided with a slag discharge pipe communicated with the first reaction cavity; the bottom of the second reaction cavity is also provided with a first distribution plate and a second distribution plate arranged above the first distribution plate at intervals, and the deslagging pipe is arranged between the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate in a penetrating way; the sum of the vertical projection area of the openings on the second distribution plate and the vertical projection area of the openings on the first distribution plate is larger than the vertical projection area of the deslagging pipe, so that gas in the first reaction cavity sequentially passes through the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate to enter the second reaction cavity, solid particles generated by reaction in the second reaction cavity enter the first reaction cavity through the deslagging pipe to perform secondary reaction, and the gas-solid flow stability of the coal gasifier is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a coal gasification furnace.
Background
The coal gasification technology is an important way for clean and efficient utilization of coal.
The coal gasification furnace in the prior art specifically comprises a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber positioned above the first reaction chamber, wherein the first reaction chamber is provided with a gasification agent inlet, and the second reaction chamber is provided with a material inlet and a crude gas outlet. Wherein, communicate through the communicating pipe between first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber, the gas in the first reaction chamber enters into the second reaction chamber by the communicating pipe in, for the gasification reaction in the second reaction chamber provides the air supply, simultaneously, the solid particle that the reaction produced in the second reaction chamber enters into first reaction chamber by the communicating pipe, reacts once more in first reaction chamber, that is to say, carries out gas-solid exchange through the communicating pipe between first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber.
However, the gas stream and the solid stream exist in the communicating pipe, so that the gas-solid flow is unstable, and the stable operation of the coal gasifier is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem or at least partially solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a coal gasification furnace.
The present disclosure provides a coal gasifier comprising a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber located above the first reaction chamber;
the first reaction cavity is provided with a gasification agent inlet, the second reaction cavity is provided with a material inlet and a crude gas outlet, and the bottom of the second reaction cavity is provided with a slag discharge pipe communicated with the first reaction cavity;
the bottom of the second reaction cavity is also provided with a first distribution plate and a second distribution plate positioned above the first distribution plate, the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate are arranged at intervals, and the deslagging pipe is arranged between the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate in a penetrating manner;
the sum of the vertical projection area of the openings on the second distribution plate and the vertical projection area of the openings on the first distribution plate is larger than the vertical projection area of the deslagging pipe, so that gas in the first reaction cavity sequentially passes through the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate to enter the second reaction cavity, a gas source is provided for gasification reaction in the second reaction cavity, and solid particles generated by reaction in the second reaction cavity enter the first reaction cavity through the deslagging pipe to perform secondary reaction.
Optionally, when the material entering from the material inlet is a material with the specific gravity of particles increasing along with the reaction, the ratio of the inner diameter of the second reaction cavity to the inner diameter of the first reaction cavity is 1.2-1.5;
when the material entering from the material inlet is the material with the reduced particle specific gravity, the ratio of the inner diameter of the second reaction cavity to the inner diameter of the first reaction cavity is 0.5-1.
Optionally, when the material entering from the material inlet is a material with the particle specific gravity increased along with the reaction, the ratio of the inner diameter of the slag discharging pipe to the inner diameter of the second reaction cavity is 0.02-0.12;
when the material entering from the material inlet is the material with the particle specific gravity reduced along with the reaction, the ratio of the inner diameter of the slag discharge pipe to the inner diameter of the second reaction cavity is 0.08-0.2.
Optionally, a third distribution plate is arranged in the first reaction chamber, and the third distribution plate is located at the gasification agent inlet, so that the gasification agent sequentially enters the first reaction chamber through the gasification agent inlet and the third distribution plate.
Optionally, the aperture ratio of the first distribution plate is greater than the aperture ratio of the second distribution plate, and the aperture ratio of the second distribution plate is greater than the aperture ratio of the third distribution plate.
Optionally, the aperture ratio of the first distribution plate is 0.06% -0.1%;
and/or the aperture ratio of the second distribution plate is 0.03-0.08%;
and/or the aperture ratio of the third distribution plate is 0.01-0.05%.
Optionally, the first distribution plate is a conical distribution plate with a large lower end and a small upper end;
the second distribution plate is a conical distribution plate with a small lower end and a large upper end.
Optionally, the air holes on the first distribution plate are arranged along the vertical direction, and the inner diameter of the air holes of the first distribution plate is 1 cm-3 cm;
and/or the included angle between the conical generatrix where the first distribution plate is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix is 10-50 degrees.
Optionally, the elevation angle of the air holes on the second distribution plate is 12-18 degrees, and the oblique angle of the air holes on the second distribution plate is 15-25 degrees;
and/or the inner diameter of the air holes on the second distribution plate is 0.8 cm-2 cm;
and/or the included angle between the conical generatrix where the second distribution plate is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix is 40-70 degrees.
Optionally, the third distribution plate is a conical distribution plate with a large upper end and a small lower end.
Optionally, the projection of the air holes on the third distribution plate in the vertical direction is circular, and the inner diameter of the projection of the air holes on the third distribution plate in the vertical direction is 0.1 cm-0.3 cm;
and/or the included angle between the conical generatrix where the third distribution plate is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix is 20-55 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following advantages:
the coal gasifier provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is characterized in that a first distribution plate, a second distribution plate and a slag discharge pipe communicated with the first reaction chamber are arranged at the bottom of the second reaction chamber, the second distribution plate is arranged above the first distribution plate, the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate are arranged at intervals, the slag discharge pipe is arranged between the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate in a penetrating manner, and meanwhile, the sum of the vertical projection area of the openings on the second distribution plate and the vertical projection area of the openings on the first distribution plate is larger than the vertical projection area of the slag discharge pipe, namely, the pressure drop of the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate is smaller than that of the slag discharge pipe, because gas can flow towards a low-pressure side, the gas in the first reaction chamber can enter the second reaction chamber through the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate in sequence, and solid particles at the bottom of the second reaction chamber are pushed towards the slag discharge pipe, thereby make the gas in the first reaction chamber can smoothly enter into the second reaction chamber through the distributing plate, and make the solid particle in the second reaction chamber smoothly enter into the first reaction chamber through the scum pipe, namely, the gas in the first reaction chamber enters into the second reaction chamber from the distributing plate, the solid particle in the second reaction chamber enters into the first reaction chamber from the scum pipe, thereby make the unloading and admit air all more smoothly, and, because the gas enters into the second reaction chamber after first distributing plate and second distributing plate, consequently, improved the homogeneity that enters into the gas distribution in the second reaction chamber, thereby improved the stability of gas-solid flow in the coal gasifier, conversion efficiency is improved, provide the guarantee for coal gasifier's steady operation.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a coal gasifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view of a first distribution plate in a coal gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of a second distribution plate in a coal gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a second distribution plate in a coal gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (only one of the gas holes is shown);
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional structural view of a third distribution plate in a coal gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Wherein, 1, a first reaction chamber; 11. a gasification agent inlet; 12. a third distribution board; 121. air holes; 13. a first air chamber; 2. a second reaction chamber; 21. a material inlet; 22. a crude gas outlet; 23. a slag discharge pipe; 24. a first distribution plate; 241. air holes; 25. a second distribution plate; 251. air holes; 26. a second air chamber; 3. a feed system.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a coal gasifier. This coal gasifier includes: a first reaction chamber 1 and a second reaction chamber 2, wherein the second reaction chamber 2 is positioned above the first reaction chamber 1. The dotted line in FIG. 1 is a boundary line between the first reaction chamber 1 and the second reaction chamber 2.
Wherein, the first reaction chamber 1 is provided with a gasification agent inlet 11, the second reaction chamber 2 is provided with a material inlet 21 and a crude gas outlet 22, and the bottom of the second reaction chamber 2 is provided with a slag discharge pipe 23 communicated with the first reaction chamber 1. The bottom of the second reaction chamber 2 is further provided with a first distribution plate 24 and a second distribution plate 25 located above the first distribution plate 24, the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 are arranged at intervals, and the deslagging pipe 23 is arranged between the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 in a penetrating manner.
The sum of the vertical projection area of the openings on the second distribution plate 25 and the vertical projection area of the openings on the first distribution plate 24 is larger than the vertical projection area of the slag discharge pipe 23, so that the gas in the first reaction chamber 1 sequentially passes through the gas holes of the first distribution plate 24 and the gas holes of the second distribution plate 25 to enter the second reaction chamber 2, a gas source is provided for the gasification reaction in the second reaction chamber 2, and solid particles generated by the reaction in the second reaction chamber 2 enter the first reaction chamber 1 through the slag discharge pipe 23 to undergo a secondary reaction.
Describing the working table or the floor where the coal gasifier equipment is located as a reference plane, the projected area of the openings in the second distribution plate 25 in the vertical direction, that is, the projected area of the air holes 251 in the second distribution plate 25 on the reference plane; the projection area of the openings on the first distribution plate 24 in the vertical direction is the projection area of the air holes 241 on the first distribution plate 24 on the reference plane; the projection area of the slag discharging pipe 23 in the vertical direction is the projection area of the slag discharging pipe 23 on the reference surface.
It can be understood that, since the sum of the projected area of the openings in the second distribution plate 25 in the vertical direction and the projected area of the openings in the first distribution plate 24 in the vertical direction is larger than the projected area of the slag discharging pipe 23 in the vertical direction, the pressure drop at the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 is smaller than that at the slag discharging pipe 23. Because the gas can flow to the low pressure side, therefore, the gas in the first reaction chamber 1 can flow to the distribution plate position, namely, enter into the second reaction chamber 2 through the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 in proper order, and push the solid particles at the bottom of the second reaction chamber 2 to the deslagging pipe 23, namely, the solid particles in the second reaction chamber 2 can flow to the deslagging pipe 23 position under the action of gravity and the action of the gas entering from the second distribution plate 25, and then smoothly enter into the first reaction chamber 1 through the deslagging pipe 23, so that the gas-solid exchange is smooth and smooth, the gas-solid exchange stability is improved, and the problem of unstable gas-solid flow caused by the fact that the gas and the solid share one communicating pipe in the series connection process of the first reaction chamber 1 and the second reaction chamber 2 is solved.
Specifically, the carbonaceous material enters the second reaction chamber 2 of the coal gasification furnace through the material inlet 21 of the second reaction chamber 2. During the concrete implementation, can also set up charge-in system 3, charge-in system 3 and material entry 21 intercommunication carry the material to material entry 21 through charge-in system. Illustratively, after the gasifying agent entering from the gasifying agent inlet 11 of the first reaction chamber 1 reacts with the falling material, the gas generated by the reaction in the first reaction chamber 1 and the rest of the gasifying agent flow to the low-pressure side, i.e. enter the second reaction chamber 2 after passing through the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 in sequence. Wherein, the gasifying agent can specifically comprise: oxygen and steam. Wherein, oxygen and steam can share one gasifying agent inlet 11, i.e. both oxygen and steam are introduced into the first reaction chamber 1 through the gasifying agent inlet 11. Of course, it is also possible to provide that the gasifying agent inlet 11 comprises an oxygen inlet, through which oxygen is introduced into the first reaction chamber 1, and a steam inlet, through which steam is introduced into the first reaction chamber 1. The amount of oxygen and steam introduced may be set according to actual requirements, and this embodiment is not particularly limited. Specifically, after the carbonaceous material and the gas entering the second reaction chamber 2 are subjected to chemical reaction, the generated solid particles flow into the first reaction chamber 1 through the central deslagging pipe 23, and then undergo a secondary chemical reaction with the gasifying agent entering from the gasifying agent inlet 11, so that the conversion efficiency is further improved, and the crude gas generated by the reaction is finally discharged from the crude gas outlet 22 of the second reaction chamber 2. Wherein, the gas source required by the reaction in the second reaction chamber 2 can be completely provided by the gas generated by the chemical reaction in the first reaction chamber 1.
In order to facilitate the discharge of the raw gas, the raw gas outlet 22 may be disposed at or near the top of the second reaction chamber 2. In concrete implementation, a residue discharge port is provided at the bottom of the first reaction chamber 1, and solid residues generated by the reaction in the coal gasification furnace are finally discharged through the residue discharge port. It is understood that the coal gasifier is a secondary reaction device.
The coal gasifier provided by this embodiment, by arranging the first distribution plate 24, the second distribution plate 25 and the slag discharging pipe 23 communicated with the first reaction chamber 1 at the bottom of the second reaction chamber 2, the second distribution plate 25 is arranged above the first distribution plate 24, and the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 are arranged at intervals, the slag discharging pipe 23 is arranged between the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25, and simultaneously, the sum of the vertical projection area of the openings on the second distribution plate 25 and the vertical projection area of the openings on the first distribution plate 24 is greater than the vertical projection area of the slag discharging pipe 23, that is, the pressure drop at the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 is lower than the pressure drop at the slag discharging pipe 23, because the gas flows toward the low pressure side, the gas in the first reaction chamber 1 can enter the second reaction chamber 2 through the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 in sequence, and solid particles at the bottom of the second reaction cavity 2 are pushed towards the slag discharge pipe 23, so that gas in the first reaction cavity 1 can smoothly enter the second reaction cavity 2 through the distribution plate, and solid particles in the second reaction cavity 2 can smoothly enter the first reaction cavity 1 through the slag discharge pipe 23, namely, blanking and gas inlet are smooth, and gas enters the second reaction cavity 2 after passing through the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25, so that the uniformity of gas distribution in the second reaction cavity 2 is improved, the stability of gas-solid flow in the coal gasification furnace is improved, the conversion efficiency is improved, and a guarantee is provided for the stable operation of the coal gasification furnace.
In order to ensure that the fluidization states of the first reaction chamber 1 and the second reaction chamber 2 converge, the stability of gas-solid exchange at the slag discharge pipe 23 is further improved, and smooth rising of gas and smooth falling of solid particles are ensured. In this embodiment, when the material entering from the material inlet 21 has a characteristic that the specific gravity of the material particles increases with the reaction (the chemical reaction principle is a nucleation reaction), the ratio of the inner diameter L1 of the second reaction chamber 2 to the inner diameter L2 of the first reaction chamber 1 may be set to be in the range of 1.2 to 1.5. That is, the inner diameter L1 of the second reaction chamber 2 is larger than the inner diameter L2 of the first reaction chamber 1. Mainly for second reaction chamber 2, material specific gravity increases in first reaction chamber 1, in order to keep fluidization of solid particles, it is necessary to make the gas velocity of first reaction chamber 1 be greater than the gas velocity of second reaction chamber 2, therefore, by setting inner diameter L1 of second reaction chamber 2 and inner diameter L2 of first reaction chamber 1 in the above range, it is ensured that the fluidization states of first reaction chamber 1 and second reaction chamber 2 converge, and stability of gas-solid exchange is further improved.
When the material entering from the material inlet 21 is characterized in that the specific gravity of the material particles is reduced along with the reaction (the chemical reaction principle is random hole reaction), the ratio of the inner diameter L1 of the second reaction chamber 2 to the inner diameter L2 of the first reaction chamber 1 can be set between 0.5 and 1. That is, the inner diameter L1 of the second reaction chamber 2 may be set smaller than the inner diameter L2 of the first reaction chamber 1. The material specific gravity in the first reaction chamber 1 is reduced (the volume is not changed and the mass is reduced) mainly relative to the second reaction chamber 2, and in order to keep the fluidization of the solid particles, the gas velocity of the first reaction chamber 1 needs to be smaller than that of the second reaction chamber 2, so that the inner diameter L1 of the second reaction chamber 2 and the inner diameter L2 of the first reaction chamber 1 are arranged in the range, the fluidization states of the first reaction chamber 1 and the second reaction chamber 2 are ensured to be identical, and the stability of gas-solid exchange is further improved.
In addition, when the material entering from the material inlet 21 has a characteristic that the specific gravity of the material particles increases along with the reaction, the probability of bridging of the slag discharging pipe 23 by the biological material is greatly reduced due to the increase of the specific gravity of the material, and in this case, it is preferable that the ratio of the inner diameter a of the slag discharging pipe 23 to the inner diameter L1 of the second reaction chamber 2 is set to be 0.02 to 0.12. When the material entering from the material inlet 21 has a characteristic that the specific gravity of the material particles is reduced along with the reaction, the material is not flowable due to the reduction of the mass or the increase of the volume of the material, and bridging is likely to occur, in this case, it is preferable that the ratio of the inner diameter a of the slag discharge pipe 23 to the inner diameter L1 of the second reaction chamber 2 is set to be 0.08-0.2. That is, the smoothness of the flow of the material is improved by appropriately increasing the flow passage of the material.
In this embodiment, the slag discharging pipe 23 may be specifically disposed at the bottom center of the second reaction chamber 2. Namely, the central axis of the deslagging pipe 23 is coaxial with the central axis of the second reaction chamber 2.
With continued reference to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a third distribution plate 12 is disposed in the first reaction chamber 1, and the third distribution plate 12 is located at the gasification agent inlet 11, so that the gasification agent enters the first reaction chamber 1 through the gasification agent inlet 11 and the third distribution plate 12 in sequence. It can be understood that a first gas chamber 13 is formed between the third distribution plate 12 and the wall of the first reaction chamber 1, and the gasifying agent enters into the first gas chamber 13 from the gasifying agent inlet 11 and then enters into the first reaction chamber 1 through the gas holes 121 on the third distribution plate 12. By arranging the third distribution plate 12, the gasification agent entering the first reaction chamber 1 from the gasification agent inlet 11 is distributed more uniformly. And when the gasification agent includes two or more kinds of gas, for example, when the gasification agent includes oxygen and steam, the existence of third distribution plate 12 makes each gas mix in first air chamber 13 earlier, and then enters into first reaction chamber 1 through the gas pocket of third distribution plate 12 to make the gasification agent mix more evenly, and then improved coal gas conversion efficiency.
Preferably, the first distribution plate 24 has an opening ratio greater than the opening ratio of the second distribution plate 25, and the second distribution plate 25 has an opening ratio greater than the opening ratio of the third distribution plate 12.
Wherein, the aperture ratio of third distribution board 12 is lower relatively to be favorable to improving the gas velocity in the gas pocket of third distribution board 12, and then reduce solid particle and get into first reaction chamber 1, avoid causing the problem of operation maintenance. Specifically, the opening ratio of the third distribution plate 12 may be set to 0.01% to 0.05%.
The aperture ratio of the first distribution plate 24 is relatively large, and the first distribution plate 24 is mainly used to prevent the gas in the first reaction chamber 1 from entering the deslagging pipe 23, so that the gas can enter the second gas chamber 26 formed between the first distribution plate 24 and the second distribution plate 25 through the first distribution plate 24. Specifically, the opening ratio of the first distribution plate 24 may be set to 0.06% to 0.1%.
Because the gasification agent volume of second reaction chamber 2 increases, the material is in original state in the second reaction chamber 2 simultaneously, so fluidization need be compromise to second distribution plate 25, for making the effect of flowing back mixing better, the aperture ratio of second distribution plate 25 must be greater than the aperture ratio of third distribution plate 12, the aperture ratio of second distribution plate 25 must be less than the aperture ratio of first distribution plate 24 simultaneously, because the aperture ratio reduces the evenly distributed that is favorable to gas, consequently set up like this and make the gas dispersity that gets into second reaction chamber 2 better. Specifically, the opening ratio of the second distribution plate 25 may be set to 0.03% to 0.08%.
In the present embodiment, the first distribution plate 24 is specifically a conical distribution plate with a large lower end and a small upper end, and the following description will be made with reference to the state of the coal gasifier in use: the lower end is the bottom end of the first distribution plate 24, that is, the end of the first distribution plate 24 close to the first reaction chamber 1; the upper end is the top end of the first distribution plate 24, i.e. the end of the first distribution plate 24 far away from the first reaction chamber 1. The setting can be under the certain circumstances in the inner chamber space of second reaction chamber 2 like this, the area of first distribution plate 24 of increase, the area that the gas pocket of first distribution plate 24 can be seted up promptly to in the increase rationally lay the gas pocket, set up like this moreover and can minimize equipment dead zone. Wherein, the included angle between the conical generatrix where the first distribution plate 24 is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix can be set between 10 degrees and 50 degrees.
In order to facilitate the gathering of the materials to the center of the second reaction chamber 2, the second distribution plate 25 is specifically designed as a conical distribution plate with a small lower end and a large upper end. The following description will be made with reference to the standing state of the coal gasifier in use: the lower end here is the bottom end of the second distribution plate 25, i.e. the end of the second distribution plate 25 close to the first distribution plate 24; the upper end is here the top end of the second distribution plate 25, i.e. the end of the second distribution plate 25 remote from the first distribution plate 24. Wherein, the included angle between the conical generatrix where the second distribution plate 25 is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix can be set between 40 degrees and 70 degrees.
Wherein, the third distribution plate 12 may be a conical distribution plate with a large upper end and a small lower end. The following description will be made with reference to the standing state of the coal gasifier in use: the lower end is the bottom end of the third distribution plate 12, i.e. the end of the third distribution plate 12 away from the first distribution plate 24; the upper end is the top end of the third distribution plate 12, i.e. the end of the third distribution plate 12 close to the first distribution plate 24. Specifically, the included angle between the conical generatrix where the third distribution plate 12 is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix can be set to be 20-55 degrees, so as to improve the stability of the gasification agent supply.
Illustratively, the top end of the slag discharging pipe 23 can be flush with the bottom end surface of the second distribution plate 25, and the bottom end of the slag discharging pipe 23 can be flush with the top end surface of the first distribution plate 24.
On the premise of ensuring the aperture ratio of the distribution plate, as shown in fig. 2, it is preferable that the air holes 241 of the first distribution plate 24 are opened in the vertical direction, the inner diameter of the air holes 241 of the first distribution plate 24 may be set to 1cm to 3cm, and as shown in fig. 2, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the air holes 241 of the first distribution plate 24 may be circular. This arrangement is advantageous in reducing the resistance to the air flow and at the same time reducing the influence on the slag discharge pipe 23.
Specifically, the inner diameter of the air holes 251 of the second distribution plate 25 may be set to 0.8cm to 2 cm. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the elevation angle a of the air holes 251 of the second distribution plate 25 may be set to 12 ° to 18 °, and the inclination angle b of the air holes 251 of the second distribution plate 25 may be set to 15 ° to 25 °. It should be noted that the elevation angle herein refers to an angle between an axis of the air holes 251 of the second distribution plate 25 and a vertical line L perpendicular to the plate surface of the second distribution plate 25, and the oblique angle herein refers to an angle between a vertical projection of the air holes 251 of the second distribution plate 25 and a horizontal plane. That is to say, the air holes 251 of the second distribution plate 25 have a certain horizontal angle and a certain vertical angle, so that the gas entering the second reaction chamber 2 from the second distribution plate 25 can be formed into swirling flow gas, thereby being beneficial to the uniform distribution of the flow field in the second reaction chamber 2 and being beneficial to the discharge of the material from the slag discharge pipe 23 through the swirling flow of the second reaction chamber 2.
Referring to fig. 5, the air holes 121 of the third distribution plate 12 may be selected from holes having a circular projection in the vertical direction, that is, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the air holes 121 of the third distribution plate 12 may be circular. The inner diameter of the vertical projection of the air hole 121 can be set between 0.1cm and 0.3cm, so that the gasification agent can enter more smoothly.
Of course, the holes on the first distribution plate 24, the second distribution plate 25 and the third distribution plate 12 may be holes with other shapes, as long as the smooth flow of gas can be ensured and the stability of gas-solid exchange can be ensured.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (11)
1. A coal gasifier, characterized by comprising a first reaction chamber (1) and a second reaction chamber (2) located above the first reaction chamber (1);
the first reaction cavity (1) is provided with a gasification agent inlet (11), the second reaction cavity (2) is provided with a material inlet (21) and a crude gas outlet (22), and the bottom of the second reaction cavity (2) is provided with a slag discharge pipe (23) communicated with the first reaction cavity (1);
the bottom of the second reaction cavity (2) is also provided with a first distribution plate (24) and a second distribution plate (25) positioned above the first distribution plate (24), the first distribution plate (24) and the second distribution plate (25) are arranged at intervals, and the deslagging pipe is arranged between the first distribution plate (24) and the second distribution plate (25) in a penetrating manner;
the projection area of trompil on second distributor (25) on vertical with the projection area sum of trompil on first distributor (24) on vertical is greater than arrange slag pipe (23) projection area in vertical, so that gas in first reaction chamber (1) passes through in proper order first distributor (24) with second distributor (25) enter into to in second reaction chamber (2), for gasification in second reaction chamber (2) provides the air supply, and makes the solid particle that the reaction produced in second reaction chamber (2) by arrange slag pipe (23) and enter into take place the secondary reaction in first reaction chamber (1).
2. The coal gasifier according to claim 1, wherein when the material entering from the material inlet (21) is a material with a particle specific gravity increasing along with the reaction, the ratio of the inner diameter of the second reaction chamber (2) to the inner diameter of the first reaction chamber (1) is 1.2-1.5;
when the material entering from the material inlet (21) is a material with the specific gravity of particles reduced along with the reaction, the ratio of the inner diameter of the second reaction cavity (2) to the inner diameter of the first reaction cavity (1) is 0.5-1.
3. The coal gasifier according to claim 1, wherein when the material entering from the material inlet (21) is a material with particle specific gravity increasing along with the reaction, the ratio of the inner diameter of the slag discharge pipe (23) to the inner diameter of the second reaction chamber (2) is 0.02-0.12;
when the material entering from the material inlet (21) is a material with the specific gravity of particles reduced along with the reaction, the ratio of the inner diameter of the slag discharge pipe (23) to the inner diameter of the second reaction cavity (2) is 0.08-0.2.
4. The coal gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that a third distribution plate (12) is arranged in the first reaction chamber (1), said third distribution plate (12) being located at the gasifying agent inlet (11) so that the gasifying agent enters the first reaction chamber (1) through the gasifying agent inlet (11) and the third distribution plate (12) in sequence.
5. Coal gasifier according to claim 4, characterized in that the open porosity of the first distribution plate (24) is greater than the open porosity of the second distribution plate (25) and the open porosity of the second distribution plate (25) is greater than the open porosity of the third distribution plate (12).
6. The coal gasifier according to claim 5, characterized in that the first distribution plate (24) has an open porosity of 0.06% to 0.1%;
and/or the aperture ratio of the second distribution plate (25) is 0.03-0.08%;
and/or the aperture ratio of the third distribution plate (12) is 0.01-0.05%.
7. The coal gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first distribution plate (24) is a conical distribution plate with a large lower end and a small upper end;
the second distribution plate (25) is a conical distribution plate with a small lower end and a large upper end.
8. The coal gasifier according to claim 7, wherein the pores of the first distribution plate (24) are opened in a vertical direction, and the inner diameter of the pores of the first distribution plate (24) is 1 cm-3 cm;
and/or the included angle between the conical generatrix where the first distribution plate (24) is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix is 10-50 degrees.
9. The coal gasifier according to claim 7, wherein the elevation angle of the air holes in the second distribution plate (25) is comprised between 12 ° and 18 °, and the inclination angle of the air holes in the second distribution plate (25) is comprised between 15 ° and 25 °;
and/or the inner diameter of the air holes on the second distribution plate (25) is 0.8 cm-2 cm;
and/or the included angle between the conical generatrix where the second distribution plate (25) is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix is 40-70 degrees.
10. Coal gasifier according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that said third distributor plate (12) is a conical distributor plate with a large upper end and a small lower end.
11. The coal gasifier according to claim 10, wherein the projections of the air holes on the third distribution plate (12) in the vertical direction are circular, and the inner diameter of the projections of the air holes on the third distribution plate (12) in the vertical direction is 0.1 cm-0.3 cm;
and/or the included angle between the conical generatrix where the third distribution plate (12) is located and the horizontal line passing through the conical vertex corresponding to the conical generatrix is 20-55 degrees.
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| CN202011170195.6A CN112210405A (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Coal gasifying stove |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011170195.6A CN112210405A (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Coal gasifying stove |
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| CN112210405A true CN112210405A (en) | 2021-01-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113072979A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Coal gasification furnace and method for coal gasification |
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Application publication date: 20210112 |