CN112207421A - Efficient friction spot welding method - Google Patents
Efficient friction spot welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112207421A CN112207421A CN202011063088.3A CN202011063088A CN112207421A CN 112207421 A CN112207421 A CN 112207421A CN 202011063088 A CN202011063088 A CN 202011063088A CN 112207421 A CN112207421 A CN 112207421A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency friction spot welding method, which comprises the following steps of S1: firstly, preprocessing edge interfaces of two plates to be welded into inclined sections, splicing the inclined sections of the two plates to be welded into a whole, polishing the surfaces of the inclined sections, and cleaning the surfaces of the inclined sections by chips; s2, filler spin welding: the invention relates to the technical field of spot welding, and discloses a welding method for a welding head of a spot welding machine. According to the efficient friction spot welding method, the edge interfaces of the two plates to be welded are processed into the inclined cross sections, so that the two plates to be welded can be more fully connected, the tensile property of the plates can be greatly improved due to the stress formed in the tangential direction, the material loss caused by the clearance of the stirring head can be compensated after welding by using the convex particles, and the depressions on the surface of the welded part after welding are eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spot welding, in particular to a high-efficiency friction spot welding method.
Background
Spot welding is a welding method in which a columnar electrode is used to form a welding spot between the contact surfaces of two overlapping workpieces during welding. During spot welding, firstly pressurizing to enable workpieces to be in close contact, then switching on current, melting the contact part of the workpieces under the action of resistance heat, and cooling to form a welding spot; the spot welding is mainly used for welding sheet member stamping parts with the thickness of less than 4mm, is particularly suitable for welding automobile bodies, carriages and airplane bodies, but cannot be used for welding containers with sealing requirements.
When the existing plates to be welded are welded, two plates to be welded are in direct contact for electric welding, the gap between the plates to be welded is large, the connection is insufficient, the formed stress is small, the tensile property of the welding position of the plates is poor, and meanwhile, when a stirring head is welded, the material loss caused by the gap can easily cause the surface of the welding position to be sunken, and the welding quality is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an efficient friction spot welding method, which solves the problems that when the existing plates to be welded are welded, gaps among the plates are large, the connection is insufficient, and when a stirring head is welded, the gaps can cause material loss and form depressions.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a high-efficiency friction spot welding method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: firstly, preprocessing edge interfaces of two plates to be welded into inclined sections, splicing the inclined sections of the two plates to be welded into a whole, polishing the surfaces of the inclined sections, and cleaning the surfaces of the inclined sections by chips;
s2, filler spin welding: the method comprises the following steps of arranging convex particles at welding points of two plates to be welded, extending a stirring pin at the bottom of a stirring head into a welding line between the two plates to be welded, rotating the stirring head at a high speed, gradually depositing a material with high plastic deformation at the back of the stirring head, welding the two plates to be welded into a whole, and after the operation is completed, overturning the two plates to be welded and repeating the operation;
s3, stress detection: stress detection is carried out on the welding point positions of the two plates, the tensile and bending properties of the welding point positions of the two plates are known, the welding requirement is met when the stress generated by the welding point positions of the two plates is greater than 80% of the stress generated by the single plate, and otherwise, the two plates need to be disconnected and welded again;
s4, welding area treatment: and when the welding point positions of the two plates in the S3 are detected and the welding requirements are met, polishing the welding point positions of the two plates to be flat, soaking the two polished plates in oil, and taking out the plates to be dried.
Preferably, in S1, when the edge joints of the two plates to be welded are pre-processed into inclined cross sections, the included angle between the inclined cross sections and the horizontal plane is 30 ° to 45 °.
Preferably, the height of the protruding particles in S2 is selected according to the thickness of the two plates to be welded and the loss of material during welding.
Preferably, in S2, raised particles are provided at the welding point of the two plates to be welded, and the raised particles may be reserved when the two plates to be welded are processed or may be externally arranged when the two plates to be welded are welded.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the stirring head in the S2 is 500-1000 r/min, and the stirring pin is matched with the welding line.
Preferably, when the welding point positions of the two plates are polished to be flat in S4, the welding point positions of the two plates may be polished by sand paper or by a polisher.
Preferably, in S4, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil, one or a combination of a lubricating oil and a corrosion-resistant oil is used.
Preferably, in the step S4, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil, the immersion time is controlled to be 30-40min, and the plates are horizontally drained before being taken out.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a high-efficiency friction spot welding method. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: the high-efficiency friction spot welding method comprises the following steps of S1: firstly, preprocessing edge interfaces of two plates to be welded into inclined sections, splicing the inclined sections of the two plates to be welded into a whole, polishing the surfaces of the inclined sections, and cleaning the surfaces of the inclined sections by chips; s2, filler spin welding: set up protruding granule in two panel welding point positions of treating welding, the pin stirrer bottom stretches into two welding seams of treating between the panel this moment, the pin stirrer high-speed rotation, high plastic deformation's material is deposited behind the pin stirrer gradually, treat the welding of welding panel integrative with two, accomplish above-mentioned operation after, treat with two this moment and repeat above-mentioned operation after the panel upset can be treated, treat through two edge interface processing into the inclined cross section of welding panel, can make two when treating the welding panel and weld, can connect more abundant, the stress of tangential formation, can greatly promote its tensile properties, utilize protruding granule compensations to weld the back because of the material loss that the clearance of pin stirrer itself caused, eliminate the depression that appears in back welding position surface, very big promotion the spot welding quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a table comparing tensile properties of the electric welding method and the arc welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the embodiment of the present invention provides three technical solutions: a high-efficiency friction spot welding method specifically comprises the following steps:
example 1
S1, preprocessing: firstly, preprocessing edge interfaces of two plates to be welded into inclined sections, splicing the inclined sections of the two plates to be welded into a whole, polishing the surfaces of the inclined sections, and cleaning the surfaces of the inclined sections by chips;
s2, filler spin welding: the method comprises the following steps of arranging convex particles at welding points of two plates to be welded, extending a stirring pin at the bottom of a stirring head into a welding line between the two plates to be welded, rotating the stirring head at a high speed, gradually depositing a material with high plastic deformation at the back of the stirring head, welding the two plates to be welded into a whole, and after the operation is completed, overturning the two plates to be welded and repeating the operation;
s3, stress detection: stress detection is carried out on the welding point positions of the two plates, the tensile and bending properties of the welding point positions of the two plates are known, the welding requirement is met when the stress generated by the welding point positions of the two plates is greater than 80% of the stress generated by the single plate, and otherwise, the two plates need to be disconnected and welded again;
s4, welding area treatment: and when the welding point positions of the two plates in the S3 are detected and the welding requirements are met, polishing the welding point positions of the two plates to be flat, soaking the two polished plates in oil, and taking out the plates to be dried.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the edge joints of the two plates to be welded are pre-processed into the inclined cross sections in S1, the included angle between the inclined cross sections and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the height of the protruding particles in S2 can be selected according to the thickness of two plates to be welded and the loss amount of material during welding.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the protruding particles are disposed at the welding point positions of the two plates to be welded, and the protruding particles may be reserved when the two plates to be welded are processed or may be externally disposed when the two plates to be welded are welded.
In the embodiment of the invention, the rotating speed of the stirring head in the S2 is 500r/min, and the stirring pin is matched with the welding line.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the welding point positions of the two plates are polished to be flat in S4, the welding point positions of the two plates can be polished by sand paper or by a polisher.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil liquid in the step S4, one or a combination of lubricating oil and anti-corrosion oil is adopted.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil liquid in S4, the oil immersion time is controlled to be 30min, and the plates are horizontally drained before being taken out.
Example 2
S1, preprocessing: firstly, preprocessing edge interfaces of two plates to be welded into inclined sections, splicing the inclined sections of the two plates to be welded into a whole, polishing the surfaces of the inclined sections, and cleaning the surfaces of the inclined sections by chips;
s2, filler spin welding: the method comprises the following steps of arranging convex particles at welding points of two plates to be welded, extending a stirring pin at the bottom of a stirring head into a welding line between the two plates to be welded, rotating the stirring head at a high speed, gradually depositing a material with high plastic deformation at the back of the stirring head, welding the two plates to be welded into a whole, and after the operation is completed, overturning the two plates to be welded and repeating the operation;
s3, stress detection: stress detection is carried out on the welding point positions of the two plates, the tensile and bending properties of the welding point positions of the two plates are known, the welding requirement is met when the stress generated by the welding point positions of the two plates is greater than 80% of the stress generated by the single plate, and otherwise, the two plates need to be disconnected and welded again;
s4, welding area treatment: and when the welding point positions of the two plates in the S3 are detected and the welding requirements are met, polishing the welding point positions of the two plates to be flat, soaking the two polished plates in oil, and taking out the plates to be dried.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the edge joints of the two plates to be welded are pre-processed into the inclined cross sections in S1, the included angle between the inclined cross sections and the horizontal plane is 37 degrees.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the height of the protruding particles in S2 can be selected according to the thickness of two plates to be welded and the loss amount of material during welding.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the protruding particles are disposed at the welding point positions of the two plates to be welded, and the protruding particles may be reserved when the two plates to be welded are processed or may be externally disposed when the two plates to be welded are welded.
In the embodiment of the invention, the rotating speed of the stirring head in the S2 is 800r/min, and the stirring pin is matched with the welding line.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the welding point positions of the two plates are polished to be flat in S4, the welding point positions of the two plates can be polished by sand paper or by a polisher.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil liquid in the step S4, one or a combination of lubricating oil and anti-corrosion oil is adopted.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil liquid in S4, the oil immersion time is controlled to be 35min, and the plates are horizontally drained before being taken out
Example 3
S1, preprocessing: firstly, preprocessing edge interfaces of two plates to be welded into inclined sections, splicing the inclined sections of the two plates to be welded into a whole, polishing the surfaces of the inclined sections, and cleaning the surfaces of the inclined sections by chips;
s2, filler spin welding: the method comprises the following steps of arranging convex particles at welding points of two plates to be welded, extending a stirring pin at the bottom of a stirring head into a welding line between the two plates to be welded, rotating the stirring head at a high speed, gradually depositing a material with high plastic deformation at the back of the stirring head, welding the two plates to be welded into a whole, and after the operation is completed, overturning the two plates to be welded and repeating the operation;
s3, stress detection: stress detection is carried out on the welding point positions of the two plates, the tensile and bending properties of the welding point positions of the two plates are known, the welding requirement is met when the stress generated by the welding point positions of the two plates is greater than 80% of the stress generated by the single plate, and otherwise, the two plates need to be disconnected and welded again;
s4, welding area treatment: and when the welding point positions of the two plates in the S3 are detected and the welding requirements are met, polishing the welding point positions of the two plates to be flat, soaking the two polished plates in oil, and taking out the plates to be dried.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the edge joints of the two plates to be welded are pre-processed into the inclined cross sections in S1, the included angle between the inclined cross sections and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the height of the protruding particles in S2 can be selected according to the thickness of two plates to be welded and the loss amount of material during welding.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the protruding particles are disposed at the welding point positions of the two plates to be welded, and the protruding particles may be reserved when the two plates to be welded are processed or may be externally disposed when the two plates to be welded are welded.
In the embodiment of the invention, the rotating speed of the stirring head in the S2 is 1000r/min, and the stirring pin is matched with the welding line.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the welding point positions of the two plates are polished to be flat in S4, the welding point positions of the two plates can be polished by sand paper or by a polisher.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil liquid in the step S4, one or a combination of lubricating oil and anti-corrosion oil is adopted.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil liquid in S4, the oil immersion time is controlled to be 40min, and the plates are horizontally drained before being taken out.
Comparative test
In a certain die factory, 20 samples of the plates to be welded are selected in a workshop, wherein 10 samples are welded by adopting the embodiment 1-3 of the invention and are marked as plates A to be welded, the other 10 plates to be welded which are repaired by arc welding are marked as plates B to be welded, the average value of the number of the samples is tested by testing the tensile property of the plates A to be welded and the plates B to be welded, and the average value is recorded in a table.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the tensile properties of the to-be-welded sheet A were 268.6Mp, and the tensile properties of the to-be-welded sheet B were 114.5Mp, which were far superior to those of the to-be-welded sheet B.
In conclusion, the edge interfaces of the two plates to be welded are processed into the inclined cross sections, so that the two plates to be welded can be connected more sufficiently, the tensile property of the plates can be greatly improved due to the stress formed in the tangential direction, the material loss caused by the gap of the stirring head can be compensated by the convex particles after welding, the depressions on the surface of the welded part after welding are eliminated, and the spot welding quality is greatly improved.
And those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A high-efficiency friction spot welding method is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: firstly, preprocessing edge interfaces of two plates to be welded into inclined sections, splicing the inclined sections of the two plates to be welded into a whole, polishing the surfaces of the inclined sections, and cleaning the surfaces of the inclined sections by chips;
s2, filler spin welding: the method comprises the following steps of arranging convex particles at welding points of two plates to be welded, extending a stirring pin at the bottom of a stirring head into a welding line between the two plates to be welded, rotating the stirring head at a high speed, gradually depositing a material with high plastic deformation at the back of the stirring head, welding the two plates to be welded into a whole, and after the operation is completed, overturning the two plates to be welded and repeating the operation;
s3, stress detection: stress detection is carried out on the welding point positions of the two plates, the tensile and bending properties of the welding point positions of the two plates are known, the welding requirement is met when the stress generated by the welding point positions of the two plates is greater than 80% of the stress generated by the single plate, and otherwise, the two plates need to be disconnected and welded again;
s4, welding area treatment: and when the welding point positions of the two plates in the S3 are detected and the welding requirements are met, polishing the welding point positions of the two plates to be flat, soaking the two polished plates in oil, and taking out the plates to be dried.
2. A high-efficiency friction spot welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, when the edge joints of the two plates to be welded are pre-processed into inclined cross sections, the included angle between the inclined cross sections and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees.
3. A high-efficiency friction spot welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the protruding particles in S2 can be selected according to the thickness of the two sheets to be welded and the amount of material lost during welding.
4. A high-efficiency friction spot welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, protruding particles are disposed at the welding points of the two plates to be welded, and the protruding particles may be reserved when the two plates to be welded are processed or externally disposed when the two plates to be welded are welded.
5. A high-efficiency friction spot welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the rotating speed of the stirring head in the S2 is 500-1000 r/min, and the stirring pin is matched with the welding line.
6. A high-efficiency friction spot welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the welding point positions of the two plates are polished to be flat in the S4, sand paper can be used for polishing or a polishing machine can be used for polishing.
7. A high-efficiency friction spot welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S4, when the two polished plates are immersed in oil, one or a combination of lubricating oil and anti-corrosion oil is adopted.
8. A high-efficiency friction spot welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S4, when the two polished plates are immersed in the oil, the immersion time is controlled to be 30-40min, and the plates are horizontally drained before being taken out.
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| CN202011063088.3A CN112207421A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Efficient friction spot welding method |
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| CN202011063088.3A CN112207421A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Efficient friction spot welding method |
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| US6161751A (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-12-19 | Precision Tube Technology, Inc. | Method of joining metal strip ends together using a consumable insert |
| JP2007283379A (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-01 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | Joined member, joining body, and friction stirring and joining method |
| CN103008875A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 北京理工大学 | Dissimilar metal welding joint and welding method thereof |
| EP2612723A1 (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2013-07-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bevelled weld seam and measuring method |
| CN103447685A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-18 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Friction stir welding process method capable of eliminating surface recesses with arc line features |
| CN108188566A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-22 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | A kind of agitating friction weldering welding procedure for aluminium-alloy high-speed train coupler panel |
| CN108817651A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-11-16 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy plate welding method |
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2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011063088.3A patent/CN112207421A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6161751A (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-12-19 | Precision Tube Technology, Inc. | Method of joining metal strip ends together using a consumable insert |
| JP2007283379A (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-01 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | Joined member, joining body, and friction stirring and joining method |
| EP2612723A1 (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2013-07-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bevelled weld seam and measuring method |
| CN103008875A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 北京理工大学 | Dissimilar metal welding joint and welding method thereof |
| CN103447685A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-18 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Friction stir welding process method capable of eliminating surface recesses with arc line features |
| CN108188566A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-22 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | A kind of agitating friction weldering welding procedure for aluminium-alloy high-speed train coupler panel |
| CN108817651A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-11-16 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy plate welding method |
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