CN112206655B

CN112206655B - Flue gas purification device of pet incineration car

Info

Publication number: CN112206655B
Application number: CN202011027043.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王大力; 吴骏之
Original assignee: Zhejiang Yiai Environmental Protection Technology Service Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Yiai Environmental Protection Technology Service Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-28
Filing date: 2020-09-28
Publication date: 2022-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-28
Also published as: CN112206655A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pet incinerators, in particular to a smoke purification device of a pet incinerator, which comprises an incinerator body, a purification device, a filter device, a water spraying device and a photo-oxidation catalysis device, wherein the incinerator is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the incinerator body, the purification device is fixedly installed at the top of the incinerator, the filter device is fixedly installed at the top of the purification device, the top of the filter device is connected with the photo-oxidation catalysis device, and the photo-oxidation catalysis device is fixedly installed at the top of the incinerator body; the smoke outlet is arranged at two ends of the top of the incinerator, and the purification device comprises a right-angle pipeline, a U-shaped pipeline and a shell.

Description

Flue gas purification device of pet incineration car

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pet incinerating vehicles, in particular to a smoke purification device of a pet incinerating vehicle.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the physical living standard of people, pets such as cats, dogs and the like gradually become family members of people, great pleasure is brought to people, and the pressure of people is relieved to a great extent. However, as such, people are faced with natural and unnatural death of pets.

The prior art adopts a movable incineration vehicle for incinerating dead pets, the prior art generates a large amount of smoke during the operation of the pet incineration vehicle, and in order to reduce the pollution of the incineration furnace flue gas to the surrounding air environment, the flue gas treatment method adopted in the prior art is a dust removal technology widely used in industry, such as a cloth bag dust removal method, a spray dust removal method, an electric dust removal method and the like. However, none of them can solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by the flue gas of the pet incinerator, and none of them can eliminate the environmental pollution and save the cost to utilize the resources reasonably. A comparison is made below with respect to these several flue gas treatment processes.

Due to the particularity of substances burnt by the incinerator of the pet incinerator, the existing dust removal technology is not suitable for the pet incinerator, and the reason is that the flue gas of the incinerator contains a large amount of grease, the cloth bag is used for filtering and removing dust, oil stains are quickly distributed in the cloth bag and the flue gas discharge channel, the cloth bag is ignited and damaged by a slightly large fire potential of the incinerator, and even major accidents are caused. The water spray is used for dedusting, the treatment of sewage containing a large amount of grease becomes a problem which is not solved so far, and the direct discharge causes water pollution, so that the water spray is not allowed. If the sewage is discharged after being precipitated, the problem of the sewage is solved, but the precipitate is treated as garbage, and the precipitate is a part of remains to some extent, which is contrary to ethics and easily causes adverse social influence. As for the electrostatic dust removal, the installation of the large-scale electric dust remover relieves the smoke dust pollution, but the problems of the electric dust remover such as energy consumption, insulator pollution, polar plate cleaning and the like are not properly solved. Especially malodorous contaminations are more severe.

Therefore, a smoke purification device of the pet incineration vehicle is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the application, certain simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the application, and such simplifications or omissions may not be made to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Therefore, the present invention is to provide a smoke purifying device for a pet incinerator, which can solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by the improper smoke treatment of the existing pet incinerator.

To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a smoke purifying device of a pet incinerator, comprising: the device comprises a vehicle body, an incinerator, a purification device, a filtering device, a water spraying device and a photo-oxidation catalysis device, wherein the incinerator is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the vehicle body, the purification device is fixedly installed on the top of the incinerator, the filtering device is fixedly installed on the top of the purification device, the top of the filtering device is connected with the photo-oxidation catalysis device, and the photo-oxidation catalysis device is fixedly installed on the top of the vehicle body;

burn burning furnace top both ends and set up the exhaust port, purifier includes right angle pipeline, U-shaped pipeline and casing, right angle pipeline bottom is installed through the connecting pipe on the exhaust port, right angle pipeline top fixed connection the U-shaped pipeline, two sets of U-shaped pipeline fixed mounting be in on the casing, the hickey is seted up at U-shaped pipeline top, the hickey extends to shells inner wall, the last fixed mounting ring type fixed plate of hickey, the ring type fixed plate with place the rubber circle between the shells inner wall bottom, U-shaped pipeline bottom is equipped with out the water interface, go out water interface bottom connecting tube, pipeline fixed mounting be in burn burning furnace rear end, the pipeline bottom is equipped with out the water port, it extends to the shallow top to go out the water port, shells inner wall is equipped with the honeycomb panel.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: the filter device comprises a filter cartridge, the bottom of the filter cartridge is fixedly mounted at the top of the shell, and a support frame is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the filter cartridge.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: the top of the support frame is connected with an active carbon filler layer, and the active carbon filler layer is arranged inside the filter cartridge.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: the water spraying device comprises a water storage barrel, the water storage barrel is fixedly installed at one end of the inner wall of the vehicle body, a high-pressure water pump is fixedly installed at the top of the water storage barrel, and the output end of the high-pressure water pump is connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the water storage barrel through a pipeline.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: high pressure water pump output end fixed connection hose, the hose is in through the fixed installation of location clamp the automobile body inner wall, the hose is kept away from high pressure water pump one end fixed connection metal water pipe, metal water pipe fixed mounting is in cartridge filter inner wall bottom, the metal water pipe sets up in the support frame bottom, metal water pipe bottom evenly installed metal high pressure nozzle.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: a trolley is mounted at the bottom of the inner wall of the incinerator, a groove is formed in the top of the trolley, and pulleys are fixedly mounted at two ends of the bottom of the trolley.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: the bottom of the inner wall of the incinerator is provided with a wheel groove, the pulley is connected to the inner wall of the wheel groove, and the rear end of the incinerator is provided with a flame nozzle.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: the light oxygen catalytic unit comprises a spray pipe, the spray pipe is connected to the top of the filter cartridge, spray holes are uniformly formed in two ends of the spray pipe, a reflector is fixedly mounted on the top of the vehicle body, arc grooves are uniformly formed in the reflector, and a cover body is fixedly mounted on the top of the reflector.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: the ultraviolet lamp tube is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cover body, the spray tube is arranged inside the cover body, and exhaust ports are fixedly installed at two ends of the top of the cover body.

As a preferable aspect of the flue gas purification apparatus of a pet incinerator of the present invention, wherein: and hanging lugs are arranged at two ends of the top of the honeycomb plate.

Compared with the prior art: this kind of smoke purification device of pet incinerator, exhaust port installation purifier at burning furnace, purifier adsorbs the grease in the flue gas through the honeycomb panel, clear up through water jet equipment again, the mixed solution after the washing flows into in the recess of shallow through the pipeline, burn again, install light oxygen catalytic unit at the automobile body top, the flue gas adsorbs behind the active carbon packing layer of cartridge filter entering, inside getting into light oxygen catalytic unit through the spray tube, carry out light oxygen catalytic purification through ultraviolet tube and reflector panel, molecular chain structure in the schizolysis flue gas under ultraviolet tube's effect, make organic or inorganic polymer stench compound molecular chain under high energy ultraviolet beam shines, the degradation is changed into low composition compound, reach the mesh of purification and sterilization.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the purification apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the interior of the purification apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the ring-shaped fixing plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the vehicle body of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the vehicle body of the present invention.

In the figure, a vehicle body 100, an incinerator 200, a cart 210, a groove 211, a pulley 212, a wheel groove 220, a smoke exhaust port 230, a flame nozzle 240, a purification device 300, a right-angle pipeline 310, a connecting pipe 320, a U-shaped pipeline 330, a water outlet port 331, a pipeline 332, a water outlet port 333, a threaded port 334, an annular fixing plate 335, a rubber ring 336, a shell 340, a honeycomb plate 350, a lug 351, a filter device 400, a filter cartridge 410, an activated carbon packing layer 420, a support frame 430, a water spraying device 500, a water storage barrel 510, a high-pressure water pump 520, a water hose 530, a positioning clamp 540, a metal water pipe 550, a metal high-pressure spray head 560, a photo-oxygen catalysis device 600, a spray pipe 610, spray holes 611, a reflection plate 620, an arc groove 621, a cover body 630, an ultraviolet lamp tube 640 and an exhaust port 650 are arranged in the figure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein for convenience of illustration, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not enlarged partially according to the general scale, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a smoke purification device of a pet incinerator, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and purification of grease in smoke, and please refer to fig. 1-6, and the smoke purification device comprises a vehicle body 100, an incinerator 200, a purification device 300, a filtering device 400, a water spraying device 500 and a photo-oxidation catalytic device 600;

further, the incinerator 200 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the vehicle body 100, the purification device 300 is fixedly mounted on the top of the incinerator 200, the filter device 400 is fixedly mounted on the top of the purification device 300, the top of the filter device 400 is connected with the photo-oxidation catalysis device 600, and the photo-oxidation catalysis device 600 is fixedly mounted on the top of the vehicle body 100.

Further, the incinerator 200 comprises a trolley 210, a groove 211, pulleys 212, wheel grooves 220, a smoke exhaust port 230 and a flame spray nozzle 240, specifically, the smoke exhaust port 230 is arranged at two ends of the top of the incinerator 200, the trolley 210 is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the incinerator 200, the groove 211 is arranged at the top of the trolley 210, the pulleys 212 are fixedly installed at two ends of the bottom of the trolley 210, the wheel grooves 220 are arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the incinerator 200, the pulleys 212 are connected to the inner wall of the wheel grooves 220, the flame spray nozzle 240 is installed at the rear end of the incinerator 200, the incinerator 200 has an incineration effect on corpses of pets, the trolley 210 has a placement effect on the corpses of pets, the groove 211 has a collection effect on the corpses of corpses, the pulleys 212 have a movement effect on the trolley 210, the wheel grooves 220 have a guiding effect on the pulleys 212, and the smoke exhaust port 230 has an exhaust effect on smoke during incineration.

Further, the purification apparatus 300 includes a right-angle pipe 310, a connection pipe 320, a U-shaped pipe 330, a water outlet 331, a pipe 332, a water outlet 333, a screw joint 334, a ring-shaped fixing plate 335, a rubber ring 336, a housing 340, a honeycomb panel 350 and a hanging lug 351, specifically, the bottom of the right-angle pipe 310 is mounted on the smoke outlet 230 through the connection pipe 320, the top of the right-angle pipe 310 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped pipe 330, two sets of the U-shaped pipes 330 are fixedly mounted on the housing 340, the top of the U-shaped pipe 330 is provided with the screw joint 334, the screw joint 334 extends to the inner wall of the housing 340, the screw joint 334 is in screw connection with the ring-shaped fixing plate 335, the rubber ring 336 is placed between the ring-shaped fixing plate 335 and the bottom of the inner wall of the housing 340, the bottom of the U-shaped pipe 330 is provided with the water outlet 331, the bottom of the water outlet 331 is connected to the pipe 332, the pipe 332 is screwed to the rear end of the incinerator 200, the bottom of the pipe 332 is provided with a water outlet 333, the water outlet 333 extends to the top of the cart 210, the inner wall of the shell 340 is provided with a honeycomb plate 350, hangers 351 are installed at two ends of the top of the honeycomb panel 350, the right-angle pipeline 310 and the U-shaped pipeline 330 have a guiding effect on smoke, the right-angle pipeline 310 is installed on the smoke exhaust port 230 through the connecting pipe 320, the pipeline 332 is used for enabling liquid inside the U-shaped pipeline 330 to flow into the groove 211 of the trolley 210, the threaded interface 334 is connected with the annular fixing plate 335 in a matched mode to fixedly install the U-shaped pipeline 330 on the shell 340, the rubber ring 336 has a sealing effect on the interface of the U-shaped pipeline 330 and the shell 340, the shell 340 has an installing effect on the honeycomb panel 350, the honeycomb panel 350 has an adsorption effect on grease in the smoke, and the hangers 351 have a movement assisting effect on the honeycomb panel 350.

Further, filter equipment 400 includes cartridge filter 410, active carbon filler layer 420 and support frame 430, and is concrete, threaded connection is in cartridge filter 410 bottom casing 340 top, cartridge filter 410 inner wall threaded connection support frame 430, active carbon filler layer 420 is connected at the support frame 430 top, active carbon filler layer 420 installs inside cartridge filter 410, and cartridge filter 410 has the mounting effect to active carbon filler layer 420, and active carbon filler layer 420 has the adsorption to the dust in the flue gas, and support frame 430 has the positioning action to active carbon filler layer 420.

Further, the water spraying device 500 comprises a water storage barrel 510, a high pressure water pump 520, a water hose 530, a positioning clamp 540, a metal water pipe 550 and a metal high pressure spray nozzle 560, specifically, the water storage barrel 510 is in threaded connection with one end of the inner wall of the vehicle body 100, the top of the water storage barrel 510 is in threaded connection with the high pressure water pump 520, the output end of the high pressure water pump 520 is connected with the bottom of the inner wall of the water storage barrel 510 through a pipeline, the output end of the high pressure water pump 520 is fixedly connected with the water hose 530, the water hose 530 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the vehicle body 100 through the positioning clamp 540, the water hose 530 is far away from one end of the high pressure water pump 520 to be fixedly connected with the metal water pipe 550, the metal water pipe 550 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the filter cylinder 410, the metal water pipe 550 is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 430, the metal high pressure spray nozzle 560 is uniformly installed at the bottom of the metal water pipe 550, and the water storage barrel 510 has a storage effect on a water source, the high-pressure water pump 520 has a driving effect on the transmission of water, the water hose 530 has a guiding effect on a water source, the positioning clamp 540 has a fixing effect on the water hose 530, the metal water pipe 550 has an installing effect on the metal high-pressure spray nozzle 560, and the metal high-pressure spray nozzle 560 has a spraying effect on the honeycomb panel 350.

Further, the photo-oxidation catalytic device 600 includes a spraying pipe 610, spraying holes 611, a reflecting plate 620, arc grooves 621, a cover body 630, an ultraviolet lamp tube 640 and an exhaust port 650, specifically, the spraying pipe 610 is connected to the top of the filter cartridge 410, spraying holes 611 are uniformly formed at two ends of the spraying pipe 610, the top of the vehicle body 100 is in threaded connection with the reflecting plate 620, the arc grooves 621 are uniformly formed on the reflecting plate 620, the cover body 630 is fixedly installed at the top of the reflecting plate 620, the ultraviolet lamp tube 640 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cover body 630, the spraying pipe 610 is arranged inside the cover body 630, the exhaust port 650 is fixedly installed at two ends of the top of the cover body 630, the spraying pipe 610 has an output function on the flue gas, the spraying holes 611 have an output function on the gas, the reflecting plate 620 and the ultraviolet lamp tube 640 are UV light beam irradiation structures, the molecular chain structure in the flue gas is cracked under the action of the ultraviolet lamp tube 640, so that the organic or inorganic high-molecular chain of the polymer malodorous compound is irradiated by the high-energy ultraviolet light beam, the light oxygen catalyst utilizes the molecular bond of the bacteria to destroy the nucleic acid of the bacteria and carries out oxidation reaction through the ozone to achieve the aim of purification and sterilization, the reflector 620 has a reflection effect on ultraviolet light, the arc groove 621 has a focusing effect on the light, the cover body 630 has a sealing effect on the gas, and the exhaust port 650 has an exhaust effect on the purified gas.

When the device is used, a person skilled in the art installs the incinerator 200 in the vehicle body 100, installs the right-angle pipeline 310 and the U-shaped pipeline 330 on the top of the incinerator 200, connects the top of the U-shaped pipeline 330 to the housing 340, installs the honeycomb panel 350 in the housing 340, installs the filter cartridge 410 on the top of the housing 340, installs the activated carbon packing layer 420 in the filter cartridge 410, connects the top of the filter cartridge 410 to the photo-oxidation catalytic device 600, opens the door body of the incinerator 200, draws out the cart 210, places the pet carcass in the groove 211 of the cart 210, pushes the cart 210 into the incinerator 200, closes the door, starts the fire nozzle 240 to decompose the carcass at high temperature, the flue gas in combustion enters the housing 340 through the smoke outlet 230, the right-angle pipeline 310 and the U-shaped pipeline 330, the grease in the flue gas sticks to the inner wall of the honeycomb panel 350, when the decomposition is completed, starts the high-pressure water pump 520, injects the liquid in the water storage barrel 510 into the metal high-pressure spray head 560 through the soft water pipe 530, the metal high-pressure nozzle 560 sprays a small amount of liquid to impact the grease on the honeycomb panel 350, so that the mixture of the grease and water flows into the groove 211 of the cart 210 through the pipeline 332, and is combusted again, and the flue gas enters the activated carbon filler layer 420 of the filter cartridge 410 to be adsorbed, enters the photo-oxidation catalytic device 600 through the spray pipe 610, and is photo-oxidation catalytic purified through the ultraviolet lamp tube 640 and the reflector 620.

While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be used in any combination, provided that no structural conflict exists, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a smoke purification device of pet incinerator which characterized in that: the device comprises a vehicle body (100), an incinerator (200), a purification device (300), a filter device (400), a water spraying device (500) and a photo-oxidation catalysis device (600), wherein the incinerator (200) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the vehicle body (100), the purification device (300) is fixedly installed on the top of the incinerator (200), the filter device (400) is fixedly installed on the top of the purification device (300), the photo-oxidation catalysis device (600) is connected to the top of the filter device (400), and the photo-oxidation catalysis device (600) is fixedly installed on the top of the vehicle body (100);

the incinerator (200) is provided with smoke outlets (230) at two ends of the top, the purification device (300) comprises right-angle pipelines (310), U-shaped pipelines (330) and a shell (340), the bottoms of the right-angle pipelines (310) are installed on the smoke outlets (230) through connecting pipes (320), the tops of the right-angle pipelines (310) are fixedly connected with the U-shaped pipelines (330), two groups of the U-shaped pipelines (330) are fixedly installed on the shell (340), the tops of the U-shaped pipelines (330) are provided with threaded interfaces (334), the threaded interfaces (334) extend to the inner wall of the shell (340), annular fixing plates (335) are fixedly installed on the threaded interfaces (334), rubber rings (336) are placed between the annular fixing plates (335) and the bottoms of the inner wall of the shell (340), water outlets (331) are arranged at the bottoms of the U-shaped pipelines (330), and pipelines (332) are connected at the bottoms of the water outlets (331), the pipeline (332) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the incinerator (200), a water outlet port (333) is formed in the bottom of the pipeline (332), the water outlet port (333) extends to the top of the trolley (210), and a honeycomb plate (350) is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (340);

the water spraying device (500) comprises a water storage barrel (510), the water storage barrel (510) is fixedly installed at one end of the inner wall of the vehicle body (100), a high-pressure water pump (520) is fixedly installed at the top of the water storage barrel (510), and the output end of the high-pressure water pump (520) is connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the water storage barrel (510) through a pipeline;

high pressure water pump (520) output end fixed connection hose (530), hose (530) through locating clip (540) fixed mounting automobile body (100) inner wall, hose (530) are kept away from high pressure water pump (520) one end fixed connection metal water pipe (550), metal water pipe (550) fixed mounting is in cartridge filter (410) inner wall bottom, metal water pipe (550) set up in support frame (430) bottom, metal water pipe (550) bottom evenly installed metal high pressure nozzle (560).

2. The smoke purifying apparatus for pet incinerator of claim 1, characterized in that said filter unit (400) comprises a filter cartridge (410), the bottom of said filter cartridge (410) is fixed on the top of said casing (340), the inner wall of said filter cartridge (410) is fixed with a support frame (430).

3. The smoke purifying device for the pet incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that the top of the supporting frame (430) is connected with an activated carbon filler layer (420), and the activated carbon filler layer (420) is installed inside the filter cylinder (410).

4. The smoke purifying apparatus for pet incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said incinerator (200) has a cart (210) mounted at the bottom of its inner wall, said cart (210) has a groove (211) at the top, and pulleys (212) are fixedly mounted at both ends of the bottom of said cart (210).

5. A smoke purifying device for a pet incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that the bottom of the inner wall of said incinerator (200) is provided with a wheel groove (220), said pulley (212) is connected to the inner wall of said wheel groove (220), and the rear end of said incinerator (200) is provided with a flame nozzle (240).

6. The smoke purifying device for the pet incinerator according to the claim 1, characterized in that said photo-oxidation catalyst device (600) comprises a spraying pipe (610), said spraying pipe (610) is connected to the top of the filter cartridge (410), spraying holes (611) are uniformly opened at both ends of said spraying pipe (610), a reflector (620) is fixedly installed on the top of the incinerator body (100), a circular arc groove (621) is uniformly opened on said reflector (620), and a cover (630) is fixedly installed on the top of said reflector (620).

7. The smoke purifying apparatus for pet incinerator according to claim 6, wherein said cover (630) is fixed with ultraviolet lamp (640) at bottom, said spray pipe (610) is set in said cover (630), and said exhaust port (650) is fixed at both ends of top of said cover (630).

8. A smoke purifying apparatus for a pet incinerator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said honeycomb plate (350) is provided with hanging lugs (351) at both top ends.