CN112205111A - Method for improving soil of open pit coal mine dump by desulfurized gypsum - Google Patents
Method for improving soil of open pit coal mine dump by desulfurized gypsum Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 23
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001510960 Astragalus cornutus Species 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving soil of a refuse dump of an open pit coal mine by desulfurized gypsum. The method for improving the soil of the coal mine refuse dump comprises the following steps: fully mixing the soil of the refuse dump with the desulfurized gypsum, watering until water permeates through the soil, and standing for more than 7 days; wherein the addition amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 1-4 kg/m2And (3) soil. The invention adopts the desulfurized gypsum to improve the soil of the coal mine refuse dump, can improve the fertility of the soil, can use local materials from coal-electricity power plants, and is favorable for realizing the ecological restoration of coal-electricity integration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental management, in particular to a method for improving the soil of a dump of an open pit coal mine by desulfurized gypsum.
Background
China is a country with coal as a main energy source, and an energy system mainly comprising coal can be kept for a long time, so that clean and efficient utilization of coal is a major subject in the field of energy environment in China. However, the normal functions of the local ecosystem are damaged by the high-intensity coal mining, the life and property safety of people is threatened, and the restoration of the ecological environment of the open pit coal mine is urgent.
The dump is a stack body which is formed by stacking waste discharged in the coal mining process and is composed of loose substances such as rocks and surface soil. The dumping ground in the early stage of coal mining is mostly of a platform and slope alternate step type structure which is dozens of meters to more than one hundred meters higher than the ground, and the 'mining-discharging-repeating' integrated process is adopted at present to realize internal discharging. Soil covering of the waste dump is seriously interfered by people, the soil structure is damaged, the texture is compact, the permeability is poor, the contents of pore water and organic matters in the soil are extremely low, the salinization degree is high, and the plant growth is not facilitated, so that the improvement of the soil of the waste dump is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the soil of a coal mine refuse dump, which adopts desulfurized gypsum to improve the soil of the coal mine refuse dump, can improve the fertility of the soil, can use local raw materials from a coal-electricity power plant, and is favorable for realizing the ecological restoration of coal-electricity integration.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the method for improving the soil of the coal mine refuse dump comprises the following steps:
fully mixing the soil of the refuse dump with the desulfurized gypsum, watering until water permeates through the soil, and standing for more than 7 days;
wherein the addition amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 1-4 kg/m2And (3) soil.
Experiments show that after proper amount of desulfurized gypsum is added into soil in a refuse dump, the mixture reacts for more than 7 days under the condition of high water content, so that the content of nutrient elements such as carbon C, nitrogen N, phosphorus P, potassium K and the like in the soil can be obviously improved, and the nutrient elements are also a fertility part essential for the growth of crops. Therefore, the improvement method of the present invention contributes to the improvement of the fertility of the soil.
In addition, because the desulfurized gypsum is industrial waste and can be obtained from sites such as coal power plants, the invention also realizes the purpose of recycling the waste.
In the invention, the addition amount of the desulfurized gypsum is important and can be 1-4 kg/m2Optional selection in soil meal, including but not limited to 1kg/m2、1.5kg/m2、2kg/m2、2.5kg/m2、3kg/m2、3.5kg/m2、 4kg/m2Etc., wherein the preferable addition amount is 2 to 3kg/m2And (3) soil.
The mass ratio of the desulfurized gypsum to the soil is slightly different according to the difference of the soil, and the mass ratio of the desulfurized gypsum to the soil is approximately within the range of 2-8 g:500g in the case of an open pit coal mine in an inner Mongolia autonomous region.
In some embodiments, the coal mine dump is an opencut coal mine dump.
In some embodiments, a Astragalus species crop is also grown after the standing for more than 7 days to decontaminate the environment.
In some embodiments, the crop is Astragalus membranaceus, or other crop, depending on the climate.
In some embodiments, during the growing of the slant-stem astragalus, at least one watering is performed at the sprouting stage, seedling stage, flower-fruit stage and withering stage, respectively.
The watering amount in the period is determined according to the local rainfall, for example, the average rainfall in the ground is 300mm, and the watering amount of the crop in one life cycle reaches the value.
In some embodiments, the desulfurized gypsum is waste desulfurized gypsum from coal-fired power plants or desulfurized gypsum obtained from other plant-based clean-up flue gas.
In some embodiments, the dump soil is treated to a particle size of 2mm or less prior to the mixing to facilitate adequate reaction of the soil and gypsum.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention achieves the following technical effects:
(1) the desulfurized gypsum is adopted to improve the soil of the coal mine refuse dump, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, improve the fertility of the soil and provide favorable conditions for the good growth of crops;
(2) the adopted desulfurized gypsum is the waste of the coal power plant, realizes the recycling of the waste and provides a foundation for the ecological restoration of the coal-electricity integration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a soil pH value detected after a soil sample is processed by the methods of examples 1-4 and comparative examples in a soil column experiment and then sampled in two layers of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the pH values of soil after soil samples are processed by the methods of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example and then sampled at two layers of 0 to 10cm and 10 to 20cm in a potting experiment;
FIG. 3 shows the effect of desulfurized gypsum on the plant height and root length of Astragalus cornutus;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of desulfurized gypsum on the biomass and root mass of Astragalus membranaceus.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Examples 1 to 4
Taking soil of a dump of a certain opencut coal mine of the union of Sinopodopsis of inner Mongolia autonomous region as an example, the improvement is carried out:
and (3) sieving the soil to be improved by a 2mm sieve, adding desulfurized gypsum, fully mixing, fully watering once, and standing for 7 days.
The desulfurized gypsum of examples 1 to 4 had differences of 1, 2, 3 and 4kg/m, respectively2The corresponding mass ratios are 2, 4, 6 and 8g of desulfurized gypsum/500 g of soil.
Comparative example
The soil was obtained in the same manner as in example 1 by sieving the soil to be improved with a 2mm sieve, then thoroughly watering it at a time, and standing for 7 days.
The repair results of the above examples and comparative examples were compared, specifically as follows.
Simulating the soil remediation condition after local precipitation
1. Experimental methods
An organic glass column (hereinafter referred to as a 'soil column') is used as an experimental container, the height of the experimental container is 50cm, the inner diameter of the experimental container is 5cm, and the outer diameter of the experimental container is 6 cm. A water distribution plate with 200 meshes is laid at a position 5cm below the opening of the soil column to realize uniform water distribution, a porous plate with 200 meshes is arranged at the bottom of the soil column, a rubber pipe is connected below the porous plate, and the percolate is collected into a conical bottle. Each column was filled with 500g of soil sample (soil same as example 1).
The soil samples were treated using the methods of examples 1-4 and comparative example above, respectively: and (3) fully mixing the desulfurized gypsum with the soil sample, filling the mixture into a soil column and compacting the soil column. The soil sample is filled to be 20cm high, and quartz sand layers with the height of 1-2 cm are paved on the upper part and the lower part of the soil sample respectively. Watering thoroughly once, standing for 7 days, and watering for 6 times each 10 days with the average rainfall of 300mm in 30 years of the union of Silianguo as the standard, wherein the average rainfall is 50 mm. Each set of experiments was performed in 3 replicates.
And (4) sampling at two layers of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm after the test is finished, and measuring the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
2. Results
(1) The soil pH value after the soil column leaching test is completed is measured, and the soil pH value of the soil column continuously decreases along with the increase of the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum. The pH value of the soil of a 0-10 cm soil layer is 9.01 when no desulfurized gypsum is applied, and the pH value is reduced to 8.43 when the applied amount is 4kg/m 2. The pH value of soil in a 10-20 cm soil layer control group is 9.22, and the pH value is reduced to 8.12 along with the increase of the amount of the desulfurized gypsum.
(2) The method is characterized in that the Total Carbon (TC), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK) and other nutrient elements of the soil after the test is finished are determined, and as shown in the table 1, the TC content in a soil layer of 0-10 cm of soil of the soil column is increased along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum, and the increase trend is basically shown: the TC content of the soil of the control group is 6.605 g/kg, and the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 2kg/m2When the TC content increased to 6.895g/kg, the application amount increased to 3kg/m2When the TC content is reduced to 6.702g/kg, the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is continuously increased to 4kg/m2When the content of TC reaches 7.081 g/kg; in a 10-20 cm soil layer, applying the amount of the desulfurized gypsumThe soil TC content shows the trend of decreasing first, then increasing and then decreasing: the TC content of the control group is 6.822g/kg, and when the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 1kg/m2When the TC content was reduced to 6.654g/kg, the application rate was increased to 3kg/m2When the TC content is increased to 7.619g/kg, the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 4kg/m2When the TC content decreased to 6.771 g/kg. The TN content of the soil in a 0-10 cm soil layer shows a trend of continuously reducing along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: the TN content of the control group is 0.149g/kg, and the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is increased to 4kg/m2When the content of TN is reduced to 0.107 g/kg; the TN content of the soil in a 10-20 cm soil layer basically shows a trend of reducing along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: the TN nitrogen content in the control group was 0.109g/kg and the desulfurized gypsum content was 4kg/m2In the meantime, the TN content was reduced to 0.083 g/kg.
The TP content of the soil in the soil layer of 0-10 cm shows the trend of increasing firstly, then reducing and then increasing along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: the TP content of the control group is 0.628g/kg, and is increased to 2kg/m along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum2When the TP content is increased to 0.882g/kg, the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 3kg/m2When the TP content was reduced to 0.632g/kg, the application amount was 4kg/m2In the meantime, the TP content is increased to 0.880 g/kg; the TP content of the soil in a 10-20 cm soil layer is reduced firstly and then increased and then reduced along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: the TP content of the soil of the control group is 0.961g/kg, and the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 1kg/m2When the TP content is reduced to 0.671g/kg, the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 2kg/m2When the amount of the sulfur-containing rubber is increased to 0.963g/kg, the amount of the sulfur-containing rubber added is increased to 4kg/m2In this case, the TP content was reduced to 0.539 g/kg.
The TK content of the soil in a 0-10 cm soil layer does not have an obvious change rule along with the increase of the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum, and the change is not obvious: when the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 0, the TK content is 4.197g/kg, and the application amount is 4kg/m2When the TK content is reduced to 4.149 g/kg; in a 10-20 cm soil layer, the TK content shows a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing along with the increase of the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: when the application amount is increased from 0 to 3kg/m2, the TK content is increased from 4.386g/kg to 4.481g/kg of the control group, and then the application amount is increased to 4kg/m2When the TK content was reduced to 4.307 g/kg.
TABLE 1
Secondly, observing the restoration condition of the soil through a pot experiment
1. Experimental methods
An organic glass column (hereinafter referred to as a 'soil column') is used as an experimental container, the height of the experimental container is 50cm, the inner diameter of the experimental container is 5cm, and the outer diameter of the experimental container is 6 cm. A water distribution plate with 200 meshes is laid at a position 5cm below the opening of the soil column to realize uniform water distribution, a porous plate with 200 meshes is arranged at the bottom of the soil column, a rubber pipe is connected below the porous plate, and the percolate is collected into a conical bottle. Each column was filled with 500g of soil sample (soil same as example 1).
The soil samples were treated using the methods of examples 1-5 and comparative example above, respectively: and (3) fully mixing the desulfurized gypsum with the soil sample, filling the mixture into a soil column and compacting the soil column. The soil sample is filled to be 20cm high, and quartz sand layers with the height of 1-2 cm are paved on the upper part and the lower part of the soil sample respectively. Pouring water thoroughly at one time, and standing for 7 days. Selecting a representative reclaimed plant astragalus slantwise in a mining area as an experimental species, and sowing and planting. Watering is carried out according to the annual average rainfall of 300mm in a mining area, 45mm is watered in the sprouting period of 4-5 months, 210mm is watered in the flower and fruit period of 6-8 months, and 45mm is watered in the withering period of 9-11 months. Each set of experiments was performed in 3 replicates.
Observing plant growth indexes, and measuring the physical and chemical properties of soil of upper and lower layers (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm) after the plant is harvested, wherein:
germination rate: the actual germination quantity of each pot of seeds accounts for the percentage of the sowing number.
Survival rate: the survival number of the plants accounts for the percentage of the germination number of the seeds.
Plant height: the three leaves were randomly selected with a ruler for measurement and averaged.
Root length: after the plants are harvested, the root system is taken out, the length of the main root is measured, and the average value is taken.
Biomass: drying at 85 deg.C for 24 hr, drying at 105 deg.C for 1 hr, and measuring mass with one-thousandth balance.
Root mass: drying at 85 deg.C for 24 hr, drying at 105 deg.C for 1 hr, and measuring mass with one-thousandth balance.
2. Results
(1) After the potting experiment is completed, the pH value of the potting soil is measured, which shows that the pH value of the potting soil continuously decreases along with the increase of the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum. The pH value of 0-10 cm soil layer is 9.24 when no desulfurization gypsum is applied, and the application amount is 4kg/m2When the pH value is reduced to 8.10; the pH value of soil in a 10-20 cm soil layer control group is 9.36, and the pH value is reduced to 8.17 along with the increase of the amount of the desulfurized gypsum. As can be seen from the figure 2, the application of the desulfurized gypsum can obviously reduce the pH value of the soil, and the pH value of the soil in a soil layer of 10-20 cm is greater than that of the soil in a soil layer of 0-10 cm.
(2) The nutrient content of the potting soil was determined after the potting experiment was completed, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Total nutrient elements of the potting soil
The TC content of the potting soil in the 0-10 cm soil layer increases along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum and shows the trend of increasing firstly, then reducing and then increasing: the TC content of the control group is 7.628g/kg, and the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 2kg/m2When the TC content was increased to 9.305g/kg, the application amount was increased to 3kg/m2When the TC content is reduced to 7.990g/kg, the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is continuously increased to 4kg/m2When the content of TC reaches 8.201 g/kg; the TC content of soil in a 10-20 cm soil layer shows a rule similar to that of the soil layer of 0-10 cm along with the increase of the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: the TC content of the control group is 8.090g/kg, and when the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 2kg/m2When the TC content was increased to 9.250g/kg, the application amount was increased to 3kg/m2When the TC content is reduced to 7.619g/kg, the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 4kg/m2In the meantime, the TC content was increased to 8.308 g/kg.
The TN content of the pot-planted soil in the 0-10 cm soil layer is increased along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsumThe trend of decreasing first, then increasing and then decreasing is as follows: the TN content of the control group is 0.127g/kg, and the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 1kg/m2In this case, the TN content was reduced to 0.107g/kg and the application amount was 2kg/m2In this case, TN content was increased to 0.180g/kg and the amount of desulfurized gypsum added was increased to 4kg/m2When the content of TN is reduced to 0.110 g/kg; the TN content in a 10-20 cm soil layer shows a trend of increasing and then decreasing along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: the TN content of the control group is 0.123g/kg, and the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 2kg/m2When the TN content increased to 0.153g/kg, the application amount of desulfurized gypsum was increased to 4kg/m2In this case, the TN content was reduced to 0.105 g/kg.
The TP content of the potted soil in the 0-10 cm soil layer is reduced firstly and then increased along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: the TP content of the soil of the control group is 0.472g/kg, and is increased to 2kg/m along with the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum2When the amount of TP was decreased to 0.357g/kg, the amount of desulfurized gypsum applied was 4kg/m2In the meantime, the TP content is increased to 0.403 g/kg; TP content shows the trend of increasing earlier then reducing and then increasing along with desulfurization gypsum application amount in 10 ~ 20cm soil layer: the TP content of the control group is 0.400g/kg, and the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 1kg/m2When the amount of TP added was increased to 0.428g/kg, the amount of desulfurized gypsum added was 2kg/m2When the TP content is reduced to 0.391g/kg, the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is increased to 4kg/m2In this case, the TP content was increased to 0.400 g/kg.
The TK content of the pot planting soil in a 0-10 cm soil layer is reduced firstly and then increased along with the increase of the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: when the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 0, the TK content is 4.166g/kg, and the application amount is 2kg/m2When the TK content is reduced to 3.817g/kg, the application amount is increased to 4kg/m2When the TK content is increased to 4.070 g/kg; the TK content in a 10-20 cm soil layer is reduced firstly and then increased and then reduced along with the increase of the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum: the application amount is increased from 0 to 2kg/m2When the TK content was reduced from 4.042g/k in the control group to 3.671g/kg, the application amount was 3kg/m2When the TK content was increased to 4.375g/kg, the application amount was increased to 4kg/m2When the TK content was reduced to 3.991 g/kg.
(3) After the potting experiment is completed, the germination rate and the survival rate of the potted plant are observed, which shows that the application of the fertilizerThe addition of desulfurized gypsum can improve the germination rate and survival rate of the seeds of the astragalus membranaceus. The germination rate and survival rate of Astragalus membranaceus are 30% and 75% respectively when no desulfurized gypsum is applied, and the germination rate of plant seeds can be increased by 1.22 times (2 kg/m)2) The survival rate of the seedlings can be improved by 17.33 percent to the maximum extent (the application amount is 1 kg/m)2)。
TABLE 3 Effect of desulfurized Gypsum on the germination and survival rates of Astragalus membranaceus
(4) After the pot experiment is completed, the plant height and the root length of the pot plant are observed, and the plant height and the root length of the astragalus includus show the trend that the plant height and the root length of the astragalus includus are increased, reduced and then increased along with the increase of the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum. When the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is increased from 0 to 2kg/m2When the height of the astragalus diagonal plant is increased from 41.33cm to 45.09cm, the root length is increased from 14.47cm to 15.89 cm. When the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 3kg/m2When the height of the Astragalus diagonal plant is reduced to 35.42cm, the root length is reduced to 13.45cm, and the application amount is continuously increased to 4kg/m2When the plants are growing, the height of the astragalus diagonal plant is increased to 36.06cm, and the root length is increased to 14.37 cm.
(5) After the potting experiment is completed, the biomass and the root quantity of the potted plant are observed, and the biomass and the root quantity of the astragalus slantinguissima plants show the trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing along with the increase of the application quantity of the desulfurized gypsum. When no desulfurized gypsum was added, the biomass of the Astragalus slanchyos strain was 2.00g, and the root weight was 0.11 g. When the increase of the desulfurized gypsum is increased to 2kg/m2In this case, the amount of biomass per strain increased to 3.79g, which was 1.90 times that of the control group, and the amount of root per strain increased to 0.36g, which was 2.27 times that of the control group. When the application amount is 4kg/m2When the biomass of the astragalus slantwise plant is reduced to 2.03g, the root quantity of the astragalus slantwise plant is reduced to 0.19 g.
In conclusion, the application of a proper amount of desulfurized gypsum can improve the TK content of soil, and improve the germination rate of astragalus membranaceus seeds, the survival rate of seedlings, the plant height, the root length, the biomass and the root quantity. The application amount is 2kg/m2When the method is used, the germination rate, the survival rate of seedlings, the plant height, the root length, the biomass and the root quantity of the astragalus cochinchinensis seeds can be respectively improved by 122 percent, 17.33 percent, 9.10 percent, 9.81 percent, 190 percent and 227 percent. When the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is continuously increased, the growth and development of plants are inhibited. When the application amount is 2kg/m2The effect of improving the soil of the waste dump is best.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for improving the soil of the coal mine refuse dump is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fully mixing the coal mine refuse dump soil and the desulfurized gypsum, then watering until water permeates through the soil, and then placing for more than 7 days;
wherein the addition amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 1-4 kg/m2And (3) soil.
2. The method for improving coal mine refuse dump soil according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the desulfurized gypsum is 2 to 3kg/m2And (3) soil.
3. The method of improving coal mine refuse dump soil according to claim 1, wherein said coal mine refuse dump is an opencut coal mine refuse dump.
4. The method of improving coal mine refuse dump soil according to claim 1, wherein a Astragalus crop is further planted after the standing for 7 days or more.
5. The method of improving coal mine refuse dump soil according to claim 4, wherein the crop is Astragalus membranaceus.
6. The method for improving soil in a coal mine refuse dump according to claim 5, wherein water is applied at least once during the period of planting the obliquely-cut astragalus, at the sprouting stage, the seedling stage, the flower-fruit stage and the withering stage, respectively.
7. The method for improving coal mine refuse dump soil according to claim 1, wherein the desulfurized gypsum is waste desulfurized gypsum of coal-fired power plants.
8. The method of improving coal mine refuse dump soil according to claim 1, wherein the refuse dump soil is treated to have a particle size of 2mm or less before the mixing.
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