CN112202221B - Battery equalization circuit and method based on bridgeless isolation type current correction technology - Google Patents
Battery equalization circuit and method based on bridgeless isolation type current correction technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112202221B CN112202221B CN202011043082.XA CN202011043082A CN112202221B CN 112202221 B CN112202221 B CN 112202221B CN 202011043082 A CN202011043082 A CN 202011043082A CN 112202221 B CN112202221 B CN 112202221B
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0018—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using separate charge circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a battery equalization circuit and a battery equalization method based on a bridgeless isolation type current correction technology, and belongs to the technical field of battery equalization circuit design. The invention only adopts a set of equalization conversion circuit with current correction technology, which can not bring harmonic pollution to the power grid, greatly lighten the volume and weight of the system, and the management strategy is to provide additional charging current for the battery cells which are charged slowly, and can not consume the energy after the charging in the battery pack, thereby being beneficial to improving the time lag defect of the traditional battery equalization method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery equalization circuit design, and particularly relates to a battery equalization circuit and a battery equalization method based on a bridgeless isolation type current correction technology.
Background
The battery pack is charged and discharged after a large number of single batteries are combined in series, when the battery pack is charged in series, the battery pack has the difference in capacity, internal resistance and the like among all the single batteries, and the charging speed of all the single batteries is possibly uneven. The long-term unbalanced charge can amplify the difference between the monomers, so that the phenomena of overshoot and undershoot of partial batteries and the like are caused, the performance and the practical service life of the batteries are seriously influenced, and even potential safety hazards are brought. It is therefore particularly important to develop a new and efficient battery equalization circuit and method.
The equalizing charge management methods commonly used at present are mainly divided into dissipative type and non-dissipative type. The dissipative equalizing charge management method has a simple circuit structure, but can bring a large amount of loss. The non-dissipative battery management method has small loss, but the time lag is serious. The reduction of the time lag of a non-dissipative equilibrium battery management method and the realization of fast equilibrium charge become the focus of research in the field at present. The general traditional non-dissipative equalization battery management method adopts a set of energy conversion circuits connected in parallel to each battery cell, and transfers the energy of the battery cell with fast charge to the battery cell with slow charge, so that a large number of energy conversion circuits and frequent discharge and charge of the battery have certain limitations, which is not beneficial to the reliability of long-term operation of the battery pack and even brings potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: how to solve the problem that a large number of equalization circuit devices are needed to realize energy transfer on different battery cells in the traditional non-dissipative equalization battery management method.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a battery equalization circuit based on a bridgeless isolation type current correction technology, comprising: the device comprises a battery pack, an equalization conversion circuit, a voltage acquisition module and an equalization control circuit;
The voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage of each battery cell and transmitting a voltage signal to the equalization control circuit;
the balance control circuit is used for sequencing and comparing the voltages of all the battery cells, if the difference between the maximum battery cell voltage and the minimum battery cell voltage is detected to be larger than a first preset value, the battery cell with the minimum voltage is cut out of the battery pack, independent charge management is carried out on the battery cell with the minimum voltage through the balance conversion circuit, the balance control circuit monitors the voltage of each battery cell in real time through the voltage acquisition module, if the voltage difference between the battery cell with the independent charge management and the battery cell with the highest voltage in the battery pack is smaller than a second preset value, the balance management is finished, the battery cell with the independent management is cut into the battery pack through the balance control circuit, and the battery cell with the independent management is circulated until the charging current of the whole battery pack is smaller than a third preset value, and the battery pack is charged.
Preferably, the equalization conversion circuit comprises correction switching tubes Q1-Q2, inductors L1-L2, a transformer T1, capacitors C1-C2 and diodes D1-D2, the equalization control circuit comprises N double-pole double-throw switches K1-KN, N+1 single-pole single-throw switches K0-1-K (N) - (N+1), N single-pole single-throw switches K0-2-K (N-1) - (N+1), and the battery pack comprises N batteries E1-EN;
the inductor L1 is connected in series between the L end of the alternating current input and the drain electrode of the correction switch tube Q1, the source electrode of the correction switch tube Q1 is connected with the source electrode of the correction switch tube Q2, the drain electrode of the correction switch tube Q2 is connected with the N end of the alternating current input, the capacitor C1 is connected in series between the drain electrode of the correction switch tube Q1 and the primary side homonymous end of the transformer T1, the N end of the alternating current input is connected with the non homonymous end of the transformer T1, the capacitor C2 and the inductor L2 are connected in series between the secondary side homonymous end of the transformer T1 and the positive electrode of the diode D1, the secondary side non homonymous end of the transformer T1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D2, and the negative electrode of the diode D2 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D1; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the 1 end points of the switches K1, K2, … and KN, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the 3 end points of the switches K1, K2, … and KN; the 2 end terminals of the switches K1, K2, … and KN are connected with the anodes of the batteries E1, E2, … and EN, and the 4 end terminals of the switches K1, K2, … and KN are connected with the cathodes of the batteries E1, E2, … and EN; the charging positive electrode is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K0-1, the charging positive electrode is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K0-2, the 1 end point of the switch K0-1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E1, the negative electrode of the battery E1 is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K1-2, the 1 end point of the switch K0-2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E2, and the 1 end point of the switch K1-2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E2; in this way, the connection mode of the X-th battery is: the positive pole of battery EX connects the 1 end point of switch K (N-1) - (N), the negative pole of battery EX connects the 2 end point of switch K (N) - (N+1), the 2 end point of switch K (N-1) - (N) connects the 2 end point of switch K (N-1) - (N), the 1 end point of switch K (N-1) - (N+1) connects the 1 end point of switch K (N) - (N+1); the charging cathode is connected with the 1 terminal of the switch K (N) - (N+1).
The invention also provides a battery equalization method realized by the circuit, which comprises the following steps:
the voltage acquisition module acquires the voltage of each battery cell and transmits a voltage signal to the equalization control circuit;
The equalization control circuit sorts and compares the voltages of all the battery cells, if the difference between the maximum battery cell voltage and the minimum battery cell voltage is detected to be larger than a first preset value, the battery cell with the minimum voltage is cut out of the battery pack, the equalization conversion circuit carries out independent charge management on the battery cell with the minimum voltage, the equalization control circuit monitors the voltage of each battery cell in real time through the voltage acquisition module, if the voltage difference between the battery cell with the independent charge management and the battery cell with the highest voltage in the battery pack is smaller than a second preset value, the equalization management is completed, and at the moment, the equalization control circuit cuts the battery cell with the independent management into the battery pack and takes the battery cell as a cycle until the charging current of the whole battery pack is smaller than the preset value, and the equalization control circuit indicates that the charging of the battery pack is completed.
Preferably, the first preset value is 10mV.
Preferably, the second preset value is 3mV.
Preferably, the third preset value is 0.01C.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises the steps of:
Under the condition of positive half cycle input of alternating current input, when correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are conducted, alternating current input U in charges inductance L1, current of inductance L1 increases linearly, capacitance C1 charges exciting inductance Lm of transformer T1, diode D2 freewheels, diode D1 is turned off after receiving reverse voltage, capacitance C2 and inductance L2 start resonance, voltage U C2 on capacitance C2 starts rising, on duty ratio of correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 is D, current i L1＝UinD1/L1 of inductance L1 is obtained, current i Lm＝Uc1D1/L1 of exciting inductance Lm is obtained, when secondary side resonance current of transformer T1 reaches zero, diode D2 zero current is turned off, voltage on capacitance C2 rises to maximum value and keeps unchanged, in order to realize zero current turn-off, it is required to meet the requirements of zero current turn-off When the correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 enter an off state after being conducted, the alternating current input is linearly reduced to charge the capacitor C1 through the inductor L1, meanwhile, the diode D1 is conducted, the secondary side current is charged to the output end U o, and when the secondary side current is reduced to 0, the diode D1 is turned off in a zero current mode.
Preferably, for the negative half cycle of alternating current, the working mode of the equalizing conversion circuit is the same as that of the positive half cycle, the duty ratio from the turn-off of the correcting switching tubes Q1 and Q2 to the decrease of the secondary current to 0 is D 2, according to the volt-second balancing principle, the charging and discharging processes of the inductor L1 in the whole switching process are equal to obtain U inDT＝(Uc1-Uin+n(Uo-Uin/n))D2 T, and finally U o/Uin＝(D+D2)/nD2 is obtained, wherein n is the turn ratio of the primary stage and the secondary stage of the transformer T1, the equalizing charging voltage of the battery is obtained by controlling D, D 2 and n, when the equalizing control circuit detects that the voltage of the X-th battery cell EX is lower than the highest battery cell voltage 10mV in the battery pack, the equalizing control circuit turns off the switches K (X-1) -X, turns on the switches K (X-1) - (X+1), so that the battery cell EX is cut out of the battery pack, turns on the switch KX, and turns on the battery cell EX and the equalizing conversion circuit so that the X-th battery cell EX is charged; when the voltage of the independently charged battery cell is detected to be smaller than the voltage of the highest battery cell in the real-time battery pack by 3mV, the switch KX is opened, the battery cell EX is separated from the equalization conversion circuit, then the switches K (X-1) -X are closed, and then the switches K (X-1) - (X+1) are opened, so that the work of integrating the battery cell EX into the battery pack is completed.
The invention also provides application of the circuit in the technical field of battery equalization circuit design.
The invention also provides application of the method in the technical field of battery equalization circuit design.
(III) beneficial effects
① The invention can complete the equalizing charge management work of the whole battery pack by only one equalizing charge circuit, thereby greatly reducing the positive weight of the equalizing circuit and improving the reliability and efficiency of the battery pack.
② The equalizing charge circuit has controllable output voltage and current, can adjust the charge voltage and current of different battery monomers in the battery pack, and also improves the applicability of the equalizing circuit to the charge voltage requirements of various batteries.
③ The battery balance control mode of the invention is to detect the battery cell with lower voltage in the battery pack, carry out independent charge management, accelerate the charge speed of the battery cell with low voltage, and compared with the traditional working mode of transmitting the energy of the high-voltage battery cell to the cell with low voltage, the invention can improve the working efficiency of the system and solve the problem of time lag.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control flow diagram of a battery equalization circuit implementation based on bridgeless isolated current correction of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of a battery equalization circuit based on bridgeless isolated current correction according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of clarity, content, and advantages of the present invention, a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention provides a battery equalization circuit based on a bridgeless isolation type current correction technology, which is a battery equalization scheme for converting an alternating current power grid into an adjustable charging voltage and independently managing battery cells with low voltage in a battery pack by means of a control circuit, and comprises the following steps: fig. 1 is a flowchart of an overall control flow chart of equalizing charge of a battery pack, which is shown in the invention, firstly, initializing the battery equalizing circuit, then collecting the voltage of each battery cell through the voltage collecting module, transmitting a voltage signal to the equalizing control circuit, sequencing and comparing the voltage of each battery cell by the equalizing control circuit, if the difference between the voltage of the maximum battery cell and the voltage of the minimum battery cell is detected to be more than 10mV, cutting off the battery cell with the minimum voltage outside the battery pack, and carrying out independent charge management on the battery cell with the minimum voltage through the equalizing circuit (bridge-free isolated current correction equalizing circuit), and monitoring the voltage of each battery cell in real time through the voltage collecting module, if the voltage difference between the battery cell with the highest voltage in the battery pack is less than 3mV, indicating that the equalizing management is completed, and cutting in the battery cell with the single management into the battery pack by the equalizing control circuit, and taking the battery cell as a cycle until the charging current of the whole battery pack is less than 0.01C, indicating that the charging of the battery pack is completed.
As shown in fig. 2, the equalization conversion circuit includes correction switching tubes Q1-Q2, inductors L1-L2, a transformer T1, capacitors C1-C2, and diodes D1-D2, the equalization control circuit includes N double pole double throw switches K1-KN, n+1 single pole single throw switches K0-1 to K (N) - (n+1) (where 0-1, (N) - (n+1) represent the labels of the points), N single pole single throw switches K0-2 to K (N-1) - (n+1), and the battery pack includes N batteries E1-EN; according to the connection shown in fig. 2, an inductor L1 is connected in series between an L end of an alternating current input and a drain electrode of a correction switch tube Q1, a source electrode of the correction switch tube Q1 is connected with a source electrode of a correction switch tube Q2, a drain electrode of the correction switch tube Q2 is connected with an N end of the alternating current input, a capacitor C1 is connected in series between the drain electrode of the correction switch tube Q1 and a primary side homonymous end of a transformer T1, the N end of the alternating current input is connected with a non homonymous end of the transformer T1, a capacitor C2 and an inductor L2 are connected in series between a secondary side homonymous end of the transformer T1 and a positive electrode of a diode D1, a secondary side non homonymous end of the transformer T1 is connected with a positive electrode of the diode D2, and a negative electrode of the diode D2 is connected with a positive electrode of the diode D1; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the 1 end points of the switches K1, K2, … and KN, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the 3 end points of the switches K1, K2, … and KN; the 2 end terminals of the switches K1, K2, … and KN are connected with the anodes of the batteries E1, E2, … and EN, and the 4 end terminals of the switches K1, K2, … and KN are connected with the cathodes of the batteries E1, E2, … and EN; the charging positive electrode is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K0-1, the charging positive electrode is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K0-2, the 1 end point of the switch K0-1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E1, the negative electrode of the battery E1 is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K1-2, the 1 end point of the switch K0-2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E2, and the 1 end point of the switch K1-2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E2; in a sequential manner, the connection mode of the X-th battery is that the positive electrode of the battery EX is connected with the 1 end point of the switch K (N-1) - (N), the negative electrode of the battery EX is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K (N) - (N+1), the 2 end point of the switch K (N-1) - (N) is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K (N-1) - (N), and the 1 end point of the switch K (N) - (N+1) is connected with the 1 end point of the switch K (N) - (N+1); the charging cathode is connected with the 1 terminal of the switch K (N) - (N+1).
The specific implementation mode of the invention is shown in fig. 2, and the specific working principle is as follows: under the condition of positive half cycle input of alternating current input, when correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are conducted, an alternating current input U in charges an inductor L1, inductance current linearly increases, a capacitor C1 charges an exciting inductor Lm of a transformer T1, a diode D2 freewheels, the diode D1 is turned off after receiving reverse voltage, the capacitor C2 and the inductor L2 start to resonate, a voltage U C2 on the capacitor C2 starts to slowly rise, the on duty ratio of the correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 is D, current i L1＝UinD1/L1 of the inductor L1 can be obtained, current i Lm＝Uc1D1/L1 of the exciting inductor Lm, when the secondary side resonance current of the transformer T1 reaches zero, zero current of the diode D2 is turned off, the voltage on the capacitor C2 rises to the maximum value and remains unchanged, and in order to realize zero current turn-off, the requirements of the inductor L1 are metWhen the correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 enter an off state after being conducted, the alternating current input is linearly reduced to charge the capacitor C1 through the inductor L1, meanwhile, the diode D1 is conducted, the secondary side current is charged to the output end U o, and when the secondary side current is reduced to 0, the diode D1 is turned off in a zero current mode; for the negative half cycle of alternating current, the working of the equalization conversion circuit is the same as that of the positive half cycle, the duty ratio of D 2 which is experienced from the turn-off of the correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 to the reduction of the secondary side current to 0 is equal to the charging and discharging processes of the inductor L1 in the whole switching process according to the volt-second equalization principle, U inDT＝(Uc1-Uin+n(Uo-Uin/n))D2 T is obtained, U o/Uin＝(D+D2)/nD2 is finally obtained, n is the turn ratio of the primary stage and the secondary stage of the transformer T1, and the battery equalization charging voltage is obtained by controlling D, D 2 and n. When the equalization control circuit detects that the voltage of the X-th battery cell EX is lower than the highest battery cell voltage in the battery pack by 10mV, the switch K (X-1) -X is firstly turned off and the switches K (X-1) - (X+1) are turned on through the control of the singlechip in the equalization control circuit (corresponding to the equalization conversion strategy of the battery pack in FIG. 2), so that the battery cells EX are cut off outside the battery pack, the rest battery cells are ensured to be charged continuously, the switch KX is turned on, the battery cells EX are turned on with the equalization conversion circuit, the battery cells are not influenced by the battery pack, the charging current can be regulated according to the voltage state, and the battery cells with low voltage are charged rapidly; when the voltage of the independently charged battery cell is detected to be smaller than the voltage of the highest battery cell in the real-time battery pack by 3mV, the switch KX is opened, the battery cell EX is separated from the equalization conversion circuit, then the switches K (X-1) -X are closed, and then the switches K (X-1) - (X+1) are opened, so that the work of integrating the battery cell EX into the battery pack is completed.
The invention only adopts a set of equalization conversion circuit with current correction technology, which can not bring harmonic pollution to the power grid, greatly lighten the volume and weight of the system, and the management strategy is to provide additional charging current for the battery cells which are charged slowly, and can not consume the energy after the charging in the battery pack, thereby being beneficial to improving the time lag defect of the traditional battery equalization method. Therefore, the battery equalization circuit and the method based on the bridgeless isolation type current correction technology can additionally carry out charge management on the battery cells with low voltage under the condition of not slowing down the charging speed of the battery pack, so as to achieve the effect of voltage equalization.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The battery equalization circuit based on the bridgeless isolation type current correction technology is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a battery pack, an equalization conversion circuit, a voltage acquisition module and an equalization control circuit;
The voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage of each battery cell and transmitting a voltage signal to the equalization control circuit;
The balance control circuit is used for sequencing and comparing the voltages of all the battery cells, if the difference between the maximum battery cell voltage and the minimum battery cell voltage is detected to be larger than a first preset value, the battery cell with the minimum voltage is cut out of the battery pack, independent charge management is carried out on the battery cell with the minimum voltage through the balance conversion circuit, the balance control circuit monitors the voltage of each battery cell in real time through the voltage acquisition module, if the voltage difference between the battery cell with the independent charge management and the battery cell with the highest voltage in the battery pack is smaller than a second preset value, the balance management is indicated to be completed, and then the battery cell with the independent management is cut into the battery pack through the balance control circuit and is circulated until the charging current of the whole battery pack is smaller than a third preset value, and the battery pack is indicated to be charged;
the equalization conversion circuit comprises correction switching tubes Q1-Q2, inductors L1-L2, transformers T1, capacitors C1-C2 and diodes D1-D2, the equalization control circuit comprises N double-pole double-throw switches K1-KN, N+1 single-pole single-throw switches K0-1-K (N) - (N+1), N single-pole single-throw switches K0-2-K (N-1) - (N+1), and the battery pack comprises N batteries E1-EN;
the inductor L1 is connected in series between the L end of the alternating current input and the drain electrode of the correction switch tube Q1, the source electrode of the correction switch tube Q1 is connected with the source electrode of the correction switch tube Q2, the drain electrode of the correction switch tube Q2 is connected with the N end of the alternating current input, the capacitor C1 is connected in series between the drain electrode of the correction switch tube Q1 and the primary side homonymous end of the transformer T1, the N end of the alternating current input is connected with the non homonymous end of the transformer T1, the capacitor C2 and the inductor L2 are connected in series between the secondary side homonymous end of the transformer T1 and the positive electrode of the diode D1, the secondary side non homonymous end of the transformer T1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D2, and the negative electrode of the diode D2 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D1; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the 1 end points of the switches K1, K2, … and KN, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the 3 end points of the switches K1, K2, … and KN; the 2 end terminals of the switches K1, K2, … and KN are connected with the anodes of the batteries E1, E2, … and EN, and the 4 end terminals of the switches K1, K2, … and KN are connected with the cathodes of the batteries E1, E2, … and EN; the charging positive electrode is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K0-1, the charging positive electrode is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K0-2, the 1 end point of the switch K0-1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E1, the negative electrode of the battery E1 is connected with the 2 end point of the switch K1-2, the 1 end point of the switch K0-2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E2, and the 1 end point of the switch K1-2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery E2; in this way, the connection mode of the X-th battery is: the positive pole of battery EX connects the 1 end point of switch K (N-1) - (N), the negative pole of battery EX connects the 2 end point of switch K (N) - (N+1), the 2 end point of switch K (N-1) - (N) connects the 2 end point of switch K (N-1) - (N), the 1 end point of switch K (N-1) - (N+1) connects the 1 end point of switch K (N) - (N+1); the charging cathode is connected with the 1 terminal of the switch K (N) - (N+1).
2. A battery equalization method implemented using the circuit of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the voltage acquisition module acquires the voltage of each battery cell and transmits a voltage signal to the equalization control circuit;
The equalization control circuit sorts and compares the voltages of all the battery cells, if the difference between the maximum battery cell voltage and the minimum battery cell voltage is detected to be larger than a first preset value, the battery cell with the minimum voltage is cut out of the battery pack, the equalization conversion circuit carries out independent charge management on the battery cell with the minimum voltage, the equalization control circuit monitors the voltage of each battery cell in real time through the voltage acquisition module, if the voltage difference between the battery cell with the independent charge management and the battery cell with the highest voltage in the battery pack is smaller than a second preset value, the equalization management is completed, and at the moment, the equalization control circuit cuts the battery cell with the independent management into the battery pack and takes the battery cell as a cycle until the charging current of the whole battery pack is smaller than the preset value, and the equalization control circuit indicates that the charging of the battery pack is completed.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first predetermined value is 10mV.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the second predetermined value is 3mV.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the third predetermined value is 0.01C.
6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises in particular the following steps:
Under the condition of positive half cycle input of alternating current input, when correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are conducted, alternating current input U in charges inductance L1, current of inductance L1 increases linearly, capacitance C1 charges exciting inductance Lm of transformer T1, diode D2 freewheels, diode D1 is turned off after receiving reverse voltage, capacitance C2 and inductance L2 start resonance, voltage U C2 on capacitance C2 starts rising, on duty ratio of correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 is D, current i L1＝UinD1/L1 of inductance L1 is obtained, current i Lm＝Uc1D1/L1 of exciting inductance Lm is obtained, when secondary side resonance current of transformer T1 reaches zero, diode D2 zero current is turned off, voltage on capacitance C2 rises to maximum value and keeps unchanged, in order to realize zero current turn-off, it is required to meet the requirements of zero current turn-off When the correction switching tubes Q1 and Q2 enter an off state after being conducted, the alternating current input is linearly reduced to charge the capacitor C1 through the inductor L1, meanwhile, the diode D1 is conducted, the secondary side current is charged to the output end U o, and when the secondary side current is reduced to 0, the diode D1 is turned off in a zero current mode.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein for the negative ac half cycle, the equalizer switching circuit operates in the same manner as the positive half cycle, from the off of the correction switching transistors Q1, Q2 to the duty ratio D 2 experienced by the secondary current decreasing to 0, U inDT＝(Uc1-Uin+n(Uo-Uin/n))D2 T is obtained, and U O/Uin＝(D+D2)/nD2 is finally obtained, where n is the turns ratio of the primary and secondary of the transformer T1, and the battery equalizing charge voltage is obtained by controlling D, D 2, n, and when the equalizer switching circuit detects that the voltage of the X-th battery cell EX is lower than the highest battery cell voltage of 10mV in the battery pack, the equalizer switching circuit turns off the switches K (X-1) -X, turns on the switches K (X-1) - (x+1), cutting off the battery cell EX outside the battery pack, turns on the switch KX, and turns on the battery cell EX with the equalizer switching circuit, thereby charging the X-th battery cell EX; when the voltage of the independently charged battery cell is detected to be smaller than the voltage of the highest battery cell in the real-time battery pack by 3mV, the switch KX is opened, the battery cell EX is separated from the equalization conversion circuit, then the switches K (X-1) -X are closed, and then the switches K (X-1) - (X+1) are opened, so that the work of integrating the battery cell EX into the battery pack is completed.
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