CN112194740B - Method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestine of pig - Google Patents

Method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestine of pig Download PDF

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CN112194740B
CN112194740B CN202011144712.2A CN202011144712A CN112194740B CN 112194740 B CN112194740 B CN 112194740B CN 202011144712 A CN202011144712 A CN 202011144712A CN 112194740 B CN112194740 B CN 112194740B
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heparin sodium
peg2000
extracting
pig
sodium
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CN112194740A (en
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宋江
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/006—Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0063—Glycosaminoglycans or mucopolysaccharides, e.g. keratan sulfate; Derivatives thereof, e.g. fucoidan
    • C08B37/0075—Heparin; Heparan sulfate; Derivatives thereof, e.g. heparosan; Purification or extraction methods thereof

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heparin sodium extraction, and provides a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs. The method for extracting heparin sodium from the small intestine of the pig comprises the following steps: enzymatic salt hydrolysis; in PEG2000-K2SO4‑H2O or PEG2000-Na2SO4‑H2Extracting in an O aqueous two-phase system; k2SO4Or Na2SO4Carrying out back extraction; ultrafiltering with hollow fiber ultrafiltering membrane to eliminate PEG2000 from enriched heparin sodium solution; precipitating with ethanol to obtain heparin sodium crude product; dehydrating the crude heparin sodium product by potassium permanganate, then carrying out secondary precipitation by ethanol, dehydrating and drying to obtain refined heparin sodium product. The method for extracting heparin sodium from the small intestine of the pig utilizes the aqueous two-phase system to extract and back extract the heparin sodium, so that the extraction of the heparin sodium is realized, and the process flow is simple, the reaction is mild, the effect is good, and the industrial value is high.

Description

Method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestine of pig
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heparin sodium extraction, and particularly relates to a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs.
Background
Heparin sodium is a raw material drug with anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties, and has good effects in the aspects of resisting inflammation, resisting allergy, improving the body, regulating the immune function and the like. The extraction process is carried out by combining heparin molecule and sodium salt. In nature, heparin sodium is most abundant in the intestinal mucosa and lung. Because the heparin molecules in the porcine small intestine mucosa have the same structure as the heparin molecules in the human body, the heparin sodium in the market is basically from the porcine small intestine mucosa. In the production process, firstly, heparin sodium is extracted from small intestines of pigs to prepare a heparin sodium crude product, and then the heparin sodium crude product is refined to obtain a heparin sodium refined product.
The extraction technology of the heparin sodium crude product mainly comprises a salt hydrolysis-resin adsorption method and an enzymolysis-resin adsorption method. The refining process of heparin sodium mainly comprises a secondary oxidation method and an enzymolysis and oxidation combined method. After the heparin sodium crude product is prepared by the method, the heparin sodium crude product is refined. The process flow is complicated and complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs, which has the advantages of simple process, mild conditions and high purity of the prepared heparin sodium.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: scraping clean intestinal mucosa of small intestine of pig, mixing intestinal mucosa and pig gland pulp, adjusting pH to 8.3-8.7 with sodium hydroxide solution, reacting at 49-51 deg.C for 2.5-3.5 hr to obtain mother liquor, mixing the mother liquor with salt, heating to 87-92 deg.C, adjusting pH, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
step S2: adding the filtrate in PEG2000-K2SO4-H2O or PEG2000-Na2SO4-H2Extracting in O double aqueous phase system to obtain PEG-enriched extract2000 upper phase sum K-rich2SO4Or Na of2SO4A lower phase;
step S3: adding back extraction salt K into the upper phase to obtain heparin sodium enriched solution2SO4Or Na2SO4；
Step S4: removing PEG2000 in the concentrated heparin sodium solution by ultrafiltration with a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane to obtain heparin sodium mother liquor;
step S5: mixing the heparin sodium mother liquor with 90-95% ethanol until the alcoholic strength is 36-40%, standing for 8-12h to obtain precipitate, cleaning with anhydrous alcohol and acetone respectively, and removing water to obtain heparin sodium crude product;
step S6: dehydrating the crude heparin sodium product by potassium permanganate, then carrying out secondary precipitation by ethanol, dehydrating and drying to obtain refined heparin sodium product.
The method for extracting heparin sodium from the small intestine of the pig has the advantages that: the method has the advantages that the specific aqueous two-phase system is utilized to extract and reextract the heparin sodium, the extraction of the heparin sodium is realized by combining the traditional process, the process flow is simple, the reaction is mild, the effect is good, and the industrial value is high.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are not indicated by manufacturers and are commercially available.
An aqueous two-phase system is formed when two polymers, one polymer and one kosmotropic salt or two salts (one is a discrete salt and the other is a kosmotropic salt) are mixed together at the appropriate concentrations or at a specific temperature. These two phases are mostly composed of water and non-volatile components, thus avoiding the use of volatile organic components. Therefore, aqueous two-phase systems are used in the field of biotechnology as non-denaturing and mild separation media.
The method for extracting heparin sodium from the small intestine of the pig according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.
The invention provides a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: scraping clean intestinal mucosa of small intestine of pig, mixing intestinal mucosa and pig gland slurry, adjusting pH to 8.3-8.7 with sodium hydroxide solution, reacting at 49-51 deg.C for 2.5-3.5 hr to obtain mother liquor, mixing the mother liquor with salt, heating to 87-92 deg.C, adjusting pH, and filtering to obtain filtrate; adopts pig gland pulp and salt, and uses sodium hydroxide solution to regulate pH value, can release heparin sodium better, and its cost is low.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 25-32%.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the intestinal mucosa, the pig glandular pulp and the salt is (90-110): 1: (4-6). The proportion is low in cost, and the cells can better release heparin sodium.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pH of the filtrate is 6.5.
Step S2: adding the filtrate in PEG2000-K2SO4-H2O or PEG2000-Na2SO4-H2Extracting in O double water phase system to obtain upper phase rich in PEG2000 and K2SO4Or Na of2SO4A lower phase;
further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, water, PEG2000, K are present in the two aqueous phase system2SO4Or Na2SO4The mass ratio of (75-85): (13-15): 6. the heparin sodium with the ratio has high extraction rate and is easy to separate into two phases.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, NaCl is also dissolved in the two-aqueous phase system. The potential difference exists between the upper phase and the lower phase of the aqueous two-phase system, and the charge state and the hydrophobicity of the system can be changed by adding salt, so that the distribution of substances in the two phases is influenced, namely the extraction effect is influenced. Tests show that the addition of NaCl has a positive effect on the extraction of heparin sodium by the aqueous two-phase system used in the application.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, NaCl, water, PEG2000, K2SO4Or Na2SO4The mass ratio of (0.4-0.6): (75-85): (13-15): 6. the extraction effect of the proportion is optimal.
Step S3: adding back extraction salt K into the upper phase to obtain heparin sodium enriched solution2SO4Or Na2SO4(ii) a The extraction rate can be further improved by back extraction after extraction. The purity of the product is improved.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the upper phase to the strip salt is (92-96): 6. the effect is optimal when the proportion is adopted for extraction.
Step S4: removing PEG2000 in the concentrated heparin sodium solution by ultrafiltration with a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane to obtain heparin sodium mother liquor;
further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane has a molecular weight cut-off of 4000D. Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were used to remove PEG 2000.
Step S5: mixing the heparin sodium mother liquor with 90-95% ethanol until the alcoholic strength is 36-40%, standing for 8-12h to obtain precipitate, cleaning with anhydrous alcohol and acetone respectively, and removing water to obtain heparin sodium crude product;
step S6: dehydrating the crude heparin sodium product by potassium permanganate, performing secondary precipitation by 95% ethanol, dehydrating and drying to obtain refined heparin sodium product.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: scraping clean intestinal mucosa of small intestine of pig, mixing 200kg intestinal mucosa and 2kg pig glandular pulp, adjusting pH to 8.5 with 30% sodium hydroxide solution, and reacting at 49 deg.C for 3 hr to obtain mother liquor. Mixing the above mother liquor with 10kg of salt, heating to 90 deg.C, adjusting pH to 6.5, and filtering to obtain filtrate.
Step S2: manufactured by the step S1The obtained filtrate is in PEG2000-K2SO4-H2Extracting in O double water phase system to obtain PEG 2000-rich upper phase and K-rich upper phase2SO4The lower phase of (1). The above two water phase system contains water, PEG2000 and K2SO4The mass of (A) is 80kg, 14kg and 6kg respectively.
Step S3: the PEG 2000-rich upper phase obtained in step S2 was removed and added with K at 6.4% of its mass2SO4And (4) carrying out back extraction to further improve the content of the heparin sodium, and obtaining the heparin sodium enrichment solution after back extraction.
Step S4: and (3) ultrafiltering by using a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 4000D to remove PEG2000 in the heparin sodium enriched solution to obtain the heparin sodium mother solution.
Step S5: adjusting the pH of the heparin sodium mother liquor to 7, adding 92% ethanol until the solubility of the ethanol is 36%, standing for 10h, filtering to obtain precipitate, and respectively cleaning with anhydrous alcohol and acetone to remove water to obtain a heparin sodium crude product;
step S6: dehydrating the crude heparin sodium product obtained in the step S5 by potassium permanganate, then carrying out secondary precipitation by 95% ethanol, dehydrating and drying to obtain refined heparin sodium.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: scraping clean intestinal mucosa of small intestine of pig, mixing 200kg intestinal mucosa and 2kg pig glandular pulp, adjusting pH to 8.5 with 30% sodium hydroxide solution, and reacting at 50 deg.C for 3 hr to obtain mother liquor. Mixing the above mother liquor with 10kg of salt, heating to 90 deg.C, adjusting pH to 6.5, and filtering to obtain filtrate.
Step S2: subjecting the filtrate obtained in step S1 to PEG2000-K2SO4-H2Extracting in O double water phase system to obtain upper phase rich in PEG2000 and K2SO4The lower phase of (1). NaCl, water, PEG2000, K in the above two-water phase system2SO4The mass of (A) is 0.5kg, 80kg, 14kg and 6kg, respectively. The amount of NaCl in this embodiment is 0.5kg, and in other embodiments, the amount of NaCl may be 0.4kg-0.6kgAny value therebetween can achieve the technical effect of improving the extraction rate of the embodiment, and the effect is close. Therefore, it is also within the scope of the present embodiment.
Step S3: the PEG 2000-rich upper phase obtained in step S2 was removed and added with K at 6.4% of its mass2SO4And (4) carrying out back extraction to further improve the content of the heparin sodium, and preparing the enriched heparin sodium solution after back extraction.
Step S4: and (3) ultrafiltering by using a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 4000D to remove PEG2000 in the heparin sodium enriched solution to obtain the heparin sodium mother solution.
Step S5: adjusting the pH of the heparin sodium mother liquor to 7, adding 92% ethanol until the solubility of the ethanol is 38%, standing for 10h, filtering to obtain precipitate, and respectively cleaning with anhydrous alcohol and acetone to remove water to obtain a heparin sodium crude product;
step S6: dehydrating the crude heparin sodium product obtained in the step S5 by potassium permanganate, then carrying out secondary precipitation by 95% ethanol, dehydrating and drying to obtain refined heparin sodium.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: scraping clean intestinal mucosa of small intestine of pig, mixing 180kg intestinal mucosa and 2kg pig gland slurry, adjusting pH to 8.7 with 25% sodium hydroxide solution, and reacting at 51 deg.C for 2.5 hr to obtain mother liquor. Mixing the above mother liquor with 12kg of salt, heating to 87 deg.C, adjusting pH to 6.5, and filtering to obtain filtrate.
Step S2: adding the obtained filtrate into PEG2000-Na2SO4Extracting in H2O aqueous two-phase system to obtain PEG 2000-rich upper phase and Na-rich upper phase2SO4The lower phase of (1). The above two aqueous phase system contains water, PEG2000 and Na2SO4The mass of (A) was 85kg, 13kg and 6kg, respectively.
Step S3: the PEG 2000-rich upper phase obtained in step S2 was removed and Na was added in an amount of 6.25% by mass2SO4And (4) carrying out back extraction to further improve the content of the heparin sodium, and preparing the enriched heparin sodium solution after back extraction.
Step S4: and (3) ultrafiltering by using a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 4000D to remove PEG2000 in the heparin sodium enriched solution to obtain the heparin sodium mother solution.
Step S5: adjusting the pH of the heparin sodium mother liquor to 7, adding 90% ethanol until the solubility of the ethanol is 40%, standing for 12h, filtering to obtain precipitate, and respectively cleaning with anhydrous alcohol and acetone to remove water to obtain a heparin sodium crude product;
step S6: dehydrating the crude heparin sodium product obtained in the step S5 by potassium permanganate, then carrying out secondary precipitation by 95% ethanol, dehydrating and drying to obtain refined heparin sodium.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: scraping clean intestinal mucosa of small intestine of pig, mixing 220kg intestinal mucosa and 2kg pig glandular pulp, adjusting pH to 8.7 with 32% sodium hydroxide solution, and keeping the temperature at 49 deg.C for 3.5h to obtain mother liquor. Mixing the above mother liquor with 8kg of salt, heating to 92 deg.C, adjusting pH to 6.5, and filtering to obtain filtrate.
Step S2: adding the obtained filtrate into PEG2000-Na2SO4-H2Extracting in O double water phase system to obtain upper phase rich in PEG2000 and Na2SO4The lower phase of (1). The above two-water phase system contains water, PEG2000 and Na2SO4The mass of (A) was 75kg, 15kg and 6kg, respectively.
Step S3: the PEG 2000-rich upper phase obtained in step S2 was removed and Na was added in an amount of 6.5% by mass2SO4And (4) carrying out back extraction to further improve the content of the heparin sodium, and obtaining the heparin sodium enrichment solution after back extraction.
Step S4: and (3) ultrafiltering by using a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 4000D to remove PEG2000 in the heparin sodium enriched solution to obtain the heparin sodium mother solution.
Step S5: adjusting the pH of the heparin sodium mother liquor to 7, adding 95% ethanol until the solubility of the ethanol is 40%, standing for 8h, filtering to obtain precipitate, washing with anhydrous alcohol and acetone respectively, and removing water to obtain a heparin sodium crude product;
step S6: dehydrating the crude heparin sodium product obtained in the step S5 by potassium permanganate, then carrying out secondary precipitation by 95% ethanol, dehydrating and drying to obtain refined heparin sodium.
Table 1: unit titer and titer yield of refined heparin sodium products prepared in examples 1 to 4
Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4
Unit potency IU/mg 187.24 190.13 183.31 182.62
The titer yield% 98.3 99.1 96.3 97.1
The unit titer and titer yield of the refined heparin sodium products prepared in examples 1 to 4 in table 1 can be obtained. The refined heparin sodium product prepared by the method has excellent unit titer and titer yield. The unit titer and titer yield of the refined heparin sodium product prepared in the example 2 are the most excellent, which shows that the extraction rate of the heparin sodium can be improved to a certain extent by adding a proper amount of NaCl into the aqueous two-phase system of the embodiment of the invention.
In conclusion, the invention relates to a method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs, which utilizes a specific double-aqueous phase system to extract and back extract the heparin sodium and combines the traditional process to realize the extraction of the heparin sodium.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for extracting heparin sodium from small intestines of pigs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: scraping clean intestinal mucosa of small intestine of pig, mixing the intestinal mucosa and pig gland slurry, adjusting pH to 8.3-8.7 with sodium hydroxide solution, keeping the temperature at 49-51 deg.C, reacting for 2.5-3.5h to obtain mother liquor, mixing the mother liquor with salt, heating to 87-92 deg.C, adjusting pH, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
step S2: subjecting the filtrate to PEG2000-K2SO4-H2O or PEG2000-Na2SO4-H2Extracting in O double water phase system to obtain upper phase rich in PEG2000 and K2SO4Or Na of2SO4A lower phase; the water, PEG2000 and K in the double water phase system2SO4Or Na2SO4The mass ratio of (75-85): (13-15): 6;
step S3: adding a back extraction salt into the upper phase to prepare a heparin sodium enriched solution, wherein the back extraction salt is K2SO4Or Na2SO4(ii) a The mass ratio of the upper phase to the stripping salt is (92-96): 6;
step S4: removing PEG2000 in the concentrated heparin sodium solution by ultrafiltration with a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane to obtain heparin sodium mother liquor;
step S5: mixing the heparin sodium mother liquor with 90-95% ethanol until the alcoholic strength is 36-40%, standing for 8-12h, and cleaning the obtained precipitate with anhydrous alcohol and acetone respectively to remove water to obtain a heparin sodium crude product;
step S6: and dehydrating the crude heparin sodium product by potassium permanganate, then carrying out secondary precipitation by ethanol, dehydrating and drying to obtain refined heparin sodium product.
2. The method for extracting heparin sodium from pig small intestine according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in step S1 is 25-32%.
3. The method for extracting heparin sodium from pig small intestine according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the mass ratio of the intestinal mucosa, the pig glandular plasma and the common salt is (90-110): 1: (4-6).
4. The method for extracting sodium heparin from pig small intestine according to claim 3, wherein the pH of the filtrate is =6.5 in step S1.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, NaCl is further dissolved in the aqueous two-phase system.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step S2, the NaCl, water, PEG2000, K are added2SO4Or Na2SO4The mass ratio of (0.4-0.6): (75-85): (13-15): 6.
7. the method for extracting heparin sodium from pig small intestine according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the molecular weight cut-off of the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is 4000D.
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US5994308A (en) * 1996-02-28 1999-11-30 Board Of Trustees Of Southern Illinois University Broad spectrum antimicrobial peptides containing a tryptophan triplet and methods of use
CN103772529A (en) * 2013-12-20 2014-05-07 河北常山生化药业股份有限公司 Process for preparing heparin sodium through membrane separation
CN104744610B (en) * 2013-12-26 2018-03-23 湖北宝迪农业科技有限公司 A kind of sausage casing heparin sodium combined extraction technology
AU2016219475A1 (en) * 2015-02-09 2017-08-24 Mosaic Biosciences, Inc. Degradable thiol-ene polymers and methods of making thereof
CN108251512A (en) * 2018-01-02 2018-07-06 苏州锐讯生物科技有限公司 A kind of double-aqueous phase system and its application
KR102174177B1 (en) * 2018-11-19 2020-11-05 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 Aqueous two-phase system nano filter and separation method threrefor
CN109776696A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-05-21 湖北亿诺瑞生物制药有限公司 A kind of preparation process of high purity heparin sodium

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