CN112178052A - Laminated rubber and metal elastic bearing - Google Patents
Laminated rubber and metal elastic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN112178052A CN112178052A CN202011089383.6A CN202011089383A CN112178052A CN 112178052 A CN112178052 A CN 112178052A CN 202011089383 A CN202011089383 A CN 202011089383A CN 112178052 A CN112178052 A CN 112178052A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C27/00—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C27/06—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement by means of parts of rubber or like materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/371—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by inserts or auxiliary extension or exterior elements, e.g. for rigidification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
- F16F1/3732—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having an annular or the like shape, e.g. grommet-type resilient mountings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
- F16F1/374—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having a spherical or the like shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3807—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type characterised by adaptations for particular modes of stressing
- F16F1/3821—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type characterised by adaptations for particular modes of stressing characterised by adaptations to counter torsional forces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3842—Method of assembly, production or treatment; Mounting thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3842—Method of assembly, production or treatment; Mounting thereof
- F16F1/3856—Vulcanisation or gluing of interface between rigid and elastic sleeves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
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Abstract
The laminated rubber is provided with the cylindrical part and the spherical part, the cylindrical part can bear a larger torsion angle and lower torsion strain, the spherical part has the characteristics of good radial, torsion, bending and axial bearing capacities, and the laminated rubber has high torsion capacity by combining the cylindrical part and the spherical part so as to improve the torsion fatigue performance of the laminated rubber. The elastic bearing of the present invention comprises: the laminated rubber combined by the cylindrical part and the spherical part is adopted, so that the elastic bearing has better torsion capability and torsion fatigue performance, can adapt to larger radial load, and simultaneously has better bending and axial bearing capability so as to meet the requirement of the helicopter on the torsion fatigue performance of the elastic bearing and ensure the flight safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of elastic bearings of helicopters, and particularly relates to a laminated rubber and metal elastic bearing.
Background
The helicopter is an important force for national economic construction, and plays an irreplaceable role in earthquake relief and emergency rescue. The rotor wing is a key moving part of the helicopter and provides lift force and operating force required by the helicopter in flying. The rotor wing technology directly influences the performance of the helicopter, represents the advanced degree of the helicopter and is an important mark for the generation of the helicopter. In a fully articulated rotor configuration, due to the presence of flapping hinges, shimmy hinges and pitch hinges, a large number of various metal bearings are present in the hub, resulting in a hub with a complex structure, a large number of parts, high manufacturing cost, expensive maintenance, large maintenance workload and poor safety. To simplify the hub, elastic bearings for rotor systems were developed around the world in the early 60's of the 20 th century to replace flapping, shimmy and pitch hinges. In the configuration of the spherical flexible rotor wing, the functions of swinging hinge, shimmy hinge and pitch-variable hinge are integrated by the elastic bearing. At present, metal bearings are replaced in a full-hinged type, a universal hinged type, a novel hingeless type and a novel hingeless type. The ball flexible rotor wing adopting the elastic bearing can reduce weight by 35 percent and reduce the number of parts by 60 percent, thereby obviously improving the performance of the helicopter. The elastic bearing is widely used on a plurality of helicopters at home and abroad, is used as an important component of a helicopter rotor system, plays a role in flexible connection between a hub and a central part, is usually used under certain radial, torsional and bending loads, reduces torsional, flapping and shimmy loads generated to the central part in the rotating process of a blade, and has important influence on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system by all-directional rigidity performance indexes of the elastic bearing.
The elastic bearing with certain radial, torsional and bending loads usually adopts a layer-by-layer bonded elastomer structure of a spherical metal spacer and a spherical rubber body, and can cause larger strain to the existing elastic bearing aiming at the application working condition of a large torsion angle, thereby greatly reducing the fatigue life.
Through patent retrieval, the following patents mainly exist, which have a certain relationship with the invention:
1. the intelligent elastic bearing is a Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201911228082.4, the application date of 2019.12.04, the publication number of CN 110901953A, the publication date of 2020.03.24, the name of intelligent elastic bearing and state monitoring system thereof and the applicant of China helicopter design research institute, and comprises: the blade comprises an elastomer spacer, a metal spacer and two joints, wherein one joint is connected with the blade, and the other joint is connected with the hub; a cavity is arranged on the elastomer spacer, the metal spacer and the two connectors, and liquid or gas is adopted to fill the cavity; the probe of the pressure sensor is connected inside the cavity and contacts with gas or liquid in the cavity to monitor the load on the elastic bearing, so that whether the elastic bearing is in a normal state or not can be judged according to monitoring data, or the probe can be used as a feedback signal to control the running state of the rotor system.
2. The spherical elastic bearing has the invention patent of 'CN 201010550506.1', 2010.11.19 ', CN 102011798A', 2011.04.13 ', a spherical elastic bearing and a glue injection method for forming the spherical elastic bearing' and applicant's Beijing aviation materials research institute' of China aviation industry group company, wherein the center of a large joint [1] is provided with a large joint glue injection hole [1b ] which penetrates through the large joint [1] along the central line of a concave spherical surface [1a ], the diameter of the large joint glue injection hole [1b ] is not less than that of a spherical spacer [3] glue injection hole [3a ], and the large joint glue injection hole [1b ] is coaxially communicated with the spherical spacer [3] glue injection hole [3a ]. According to the glue injection method, the large joint [1] is arranged on the upper surface, the outer port of the glue injection hole [1b ] of the large joint is upward, and the small joint [2] is arranged on the lower surface; and (3) injecting rubber from the outer port of the large joint injection hole [1b ] by using a rubber injection machine. The invention reduces the glue injection resistance and improves the fluidity of the glue solution; the spherical spacer is prevented from deforming or laminating; the problems of rubber scorching, rubber vulcanization unevenness, insufficient rubber density, bonding failure between rubber and a metal spacer and the like are prevented, so that the performance and the fatigue life of the elastic bearing are improved.
3. The invention belongs to the technology of elastomer components for controlling the movement/vibration in mechanical systems and the like, and relates to a spherical elastic bearing for a helicopter rotor wing and a forming method thereof, wherein the spherical elastic bearing is named as CN201010281896.7, 2010.09.10 on the application date, CN101936337A on the publication date, 2011.01.05 on the publication date, and the invention is named as 'spherical elastic bearing for a helicopter rotor wing and a forming method thereof' and is applied to 'Beijing aviation materials research institute' of China aviation industry group company. The bearing comprises two rigid parts, wherein one end face of the first rigid part is provided with a central concave spherical surface, and the side face of the first rigid part is provided with a bolt through hole fixedly connected with a helicopter rotor blade assembly; one end face of the second rigid part is provided with a central convex spherical surface which is concentric with the central concave spherical surface of the first rigid part, and the side face of the second rigid part is provided with a mounting hole fixedly connected with a central part of a rotor hub of the helicopter; a rigid spherical spacer is arranged between the two rigid parts, the spherical center of the rigid spherical spacer is the same as the central concave spherical surface of the first rigid part, a through hole is formed in the center of the rigid spherical spacer, and elastic materials are filled between the rigid spherical spacer and the first rigid part and between the rigid spherical spacer and the second rigid part.
4. The invention relates to a high-radial-stability elastic bearing, which is a Chinese invention patent with the application number of CN201910283844.4, the application date of 2019.04.09, the publication number of CN110081077A and the publication date of 2019.08.02, is named as a high-radial-stability elastic bearing and is named as 'Peking aviation materials research institute of China aviation', and the high-radial-stability elastic bearing comprises a small joint, a plurality of first spherical center spherical rigid spacers, a plurality of first spherical center spherical rubber layers, a middle rigid transition piece, a plurality of second spherical center rigid spacers, a plurality of second spherical center spherical rubber layers and a large joint. The spherical elastic bearing has the advantages that the stability of the spherical elastic bearing for resisting radial load is improved and the strain energy density of the spherical elastic bearing close to the small joint side rubber layer is reduced through the design of two groups of concentric spherical rigid spacers with different spherical centers, so that the overall service life of the spherical elastic bearing is greatly prolonged.
5. The invention belongs to the elastic bearing structure design technology and relates to an equal rigidity design method of a rubber elastic bearing with a concentric spherical center rubber-metal laminated structure, which belongs to the elastic bearing structure design technology and is applied to the fields of a rubber elastic bearing with the same spherical center rubber-metal laminated structure, wherein the application number is CN201510290035.8, the application date is 2015.05.29, the publication number is CN105156470A and the publication date is 2015.12.16. The invention provides a design and calculation method of equal compression stiffness, equal torsion stiffness and equal bending stiffness of an elastic bearing rubber layer aiming at different bearing conditions of an elastic bearing with a spherical rubber-metal laminated structure.
6. The rubber elastic bearing comprises a metal large joint (1), a metal small joint (2), a plurality of layers of spherical metal spacers (3) and a plurality of layers of rubbers (4), wherein the metal large joint, the metal small joint and the metal spacers are bonded together through rubber layers, adjacent metal spacers are bonded together through the rubber layers, and the outer edges of the same section of all the metal spacers are approximately positioned on a straight line or a broken line. The invention has the characteristics of increasing the compression rigidity and the radial rigidity of the elastic bearing and simultaneously reducing the torsional rigidity and the bending, and is beneficial to improving the dynamic performance and the fatigue life of the rubber elastic bearing.
7. The utility model belongs to the mechanical design technology, and relates to an elastic bearing that is used for the helicopter rotor, and the utility model patent that application number is "CN 201320764172.7", application date is "2014.08.26", publication number is "CN 204041733U", publication date is "2014.12.24", the name is "an elastic bearing", the applicant is "Chinese helicopter design institute". An elastic bearing comprises a large joint [1], a small joint [3] and an elastomer lamination [2], wherein the outer contour of the conical surface part of a conical frustum of the elastomer lamination [2] is of a lumbar cone shape. The utility model discloses a can adjust the glue film area as required, solve and simply relied on glue film thickness to adjust and can't realize that all glue films of elastomer stromatolite rubber are around Y, Z directions cut the problem that meets an emergency roughly and is equivalent under certain load effect.
8. The invention relates to a rubber bearing, which is characterized in that a plurality of layers of rubber sheets with buffering and damping functions are bonded between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and metal linings are bonded between the rubber sheets at intervals. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the elastic bearing. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: because the rubber sheet is combined with the metal lining for connection, the rubber sheet has elasticity, and the metal lining can ensure the connection strength and bearing capacity, so that the structure has the functions of shock absorption and buffering for strong impact force, and has the function of absorbing and reducing noise for instantly generated noise.
9. The utility model belongs to the technical field of helicopter part design, this utility model belongs to the utility model of application number for "CN 201120564752.2", application date for "2011.12.22", publication number for "CN 202402478U", publication date for "2012.08.29", the name is "a spherical elastic bearing", the applicant is "Chinese helicopter design institute", this utility model belongs to helicopter part design technique, this utility model belongs to helicopter part design technical field, especially relates to the improvement to the spherical elastic bearing who is used for helicopter propeller hub. The rubber layer is composed of a large joint [1], a small joint [2], 5-30 metal spacers [3] which are stacked eccentrically and a rubber layer [4] which is vulcanized to connect the large joint [1] with the metal spacers [3], two adjacent metal spacers [3] and the metal spacers [3] with the small joint [2], wherein when a certain pressure is applied between the large joint [1] and the small joint [2], after all the rubber layers [4] are pressed, the spherical centers of the surfaces of all spherical crowns are superposed on the spherical center O of the small joint [2], and the extrusion deformation of all the rubber layers [4] is ensured to be consistent.
10. The invention relates to a rubber support bearing with the application number of CN201510895207.4, the application date of 2015.12.08, the publication number of CN105757118A and the publication date of 2016.07.13, which is named as a radial load resistant long-life rubber support bearing and is a Chinese invention patent with the application name of Beijing aviation materials research institute of Chinese aviation industry group company, wherein the invention comprises a small joint, a group of spherical metal spacers, a middle transition metal piece, a plurality of layers of flat metal spacers, rubber layers among the spacers and a large joint. The spherical metal spacer and the small joint, the spherical metal spacer and the middle transition metal piece and the spherical metal spacers are bonded into a whole through the rubber layers by vulcanization, and the flat metal spacer and the middle transition metal piece, the flat metal spacer and the large joint and the flat metal spacer are also bonded into a whole through the rubber layers by vulcanization.
11. The invention belongs to the composite technology of elastic bearings, and relates to a rubber support bearing with matched rigidity, which has the application number of CN201210311010.8, the application date of 2012.08.28, the publication number of CN102829079A and the publication number of 2012.12.19, is named as a rubber support bearing with matched rigidity and is invented by the applicant of Beijing aviation materials research institute of China aviation industry group company. The rigidity-matching rubber support bearing comprises a small joint, a group of spherical metal spacers, a middle transition metal piece, a plurality of layers of flat metal spacers, rubber layers among the spacers and a large joint. Between spherical metal spacer and the small joint, between spherical metal spacer and the middle transition metalwork and between each spherical metal spacer all bond through the rubber layer through vulcanizing and become integrative, between dull and stereotyped metal spacer and the middle transition metalwork, between dull and stereotyped metal spacer and the big joint and between the dull and stereotyped metal spacer also bond through the rubber layer through vulcanizing and become integrative, and the total thickness of spherical metal spacer glue film and the total thickness ratio of dull and stereotyped metal spacer glue film are between 1.0 ~ 10.0.
Most of the above patents adopt spherical laminated rubber, and do not disclose the technical scheme of combining cylindrical laminated rubber and spherical laminated rubber; the patent publications CN105757118A and CN102829079A adopt the technical scheme of combining the planar laminated rubber and the bowl-shaped laminated rubber, and are mainly used for supporting bearings for bearing vertical loads, and the technical scheme and the technical problem to be solved are different from those of the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of low fatigue life of the existing spherical rubber body, and provides laminated rubber and a metal elastic bearing which can bear a larger torsion angle and have good torsion fatigue performance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a laminated rubber comprising a plurality of metal spacers laminated to a rubber spacer, said laminated rubber comprising: a cylindrical portion and a spherical portion. The laminated rubber has high torsion capability by combining the cylindrical part and the spherical part by utilizing the characteristics that the cylindrical part can bear larger torsion angle and lower torsion strain and the characteristics that the spherical part has good radial, torsion, bending and axial bearing capability, so that the torsion fatigue performance is improved.
Further, the spherical portion is outside the cylindrical portion. The radius of the cylindrical part is smaller, the torsional rigidity is smaller, and the cylindrical part can bear a larger torsional angle in torsional motion so as to improve the torsional bearing capacity.
Further, a transition metal spacer is arranged between the spherical part and the cylindrical part, and the spherical part is connected with the cylindrical part through the transition metal spacer.
Furthermore, a plurality of cylindrical metal spacers of the cylindrical part are formed by laminating the cylindrical rubber layer at intervals.
Furthermore, a plurality of spherical metal spacers of the spherical part are laminated with the spherical rubber layer at intervals.
The invention also relates to an elastic bearing comprising: the laminated rubber comprises a cylindrical part and a spherical part, the spherical part is positioned on the outer side of the cylindrical part, a transition metal spacer is arranged between the spherical part and the cylindrical part, and the spherical part is connected with the cylindrical part through the transition metal spacer. Because the laminated rubber combined by the cylindrical part and the spherical part is adopted, the elastic bearing has better torsion capability and torsion fatigue performance, can adapt to larger radial load, and simultaneously has better bending and axial bearing capability, so as to meet the requirement of the helicopter on the torsion fatigue performance of the elastic bearing and ensure the flight safety.
Further, the cylindrical portion includes: the 4 layers of cylindrical metal spacers and the 5 layers of cylindrical rubber layers, and the cylindrical metal spacer at the innermost layer is connected with the outer wall of the inner joint through the cylindrical rubber layers.
Further, the thickness of the cylindrical rubber layer is 1-1.5 mm. The use of a thicker rubber layer facilitates large angular twisting movements.
Further, the spherical portion includes: 8 spherical metal spacers and 9 layers of spherical rubber layer, the spherical metal spacer of outmost passes through spherical rubber layer and is connected with the outer wall of external joint.
Further, the thickness of the spherical rubber layer is 0.8-1.2 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the laminated rubber is provided with the cylindrical part and the spherical part, the cylindrical part can bear a larger torsion angle and lower torsion strain, the spherical part has the characteristics of good radial, torsion, bending and axial bearing capacities, and the laminated rubber has high torsion capacity by combining the cylindrical part and the spherical part so as to improve the torsion fatigue performance of the laminated rubber. The elastic bearing of the invention adopts the laminated rubber combined by the cylindrical part and the spherical part, so that the elastic bearing has better torsion capability and torsion fatigue performance, can adapt to larger radial load, and simultaneously has better bending and axial bearing capability, thereby meeting the requirement of a helicopter on the torsion fatigue performance of the elastic bearing and ensuring the flight safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a laminated rubber,
figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a cylindrical metal spacer,
figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of a cylindrical metal spacer,
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view of a transition metal spacer,
figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of a transition metal spacer,
figure 6 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of a spherical metal spacer,
figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of a spherical metal spacer,
figure 8 is a comparison of the torsion angles of laminated rubber in different configurations,
figure 9 is a torsional strain contrast plot of laminated rubber of different configurations,
figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of the elastic bearing,
figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the elastic bearing,
figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an elastomeric bearing,
figure 13 is a schematic perspective view of the elastic bearing,
figure 14 is a schematic view of the cross-section of the nipple,
figure 15 is a schematic perspective view of the nipple,
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the external joint,
figure 17 is a schematic perspective view of the external joint,
in the figure: 1-laminated rubber, A-cylindrical part, A1-cylindrical metal spacer, A2-cylindrical rubber layer, B-transition metal spacer, C-spherical part, C1-spherical metal spacer, C2-spherical rubber layer, 2-inner joint, 21-outer wall, 3-outer joint, 31-inner wall.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the attached drawings:
the laminated rubber 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1: the method comprises the following steps: a cylindrical portion A and a spherical portion C; the cylindrical part A is formed by overlapping a plurality of cylindrical metal spacers A1 and a cylindrical rubber layer A2 at intervals; the spherical part C is formed by overlapping a plurality of spherical metal spacers C1 and a spherical rubber layer C2 at intervals; the spherical portion C is connected to the cylindrical portion a by a transition metal spacer B.
The cylindrical metal spacer a1 is shown in fig. 2 to 3: the cylindrical metal spacers A1 are machined from metal pipes or metal bars, the diameter of each layer of cylindrical metal spacer A1 is different, and the cylindrical metal spacers A1 and the cylindrical rubber layer A2 with different diameters are overlapped and adhered together at intervals like a Russian doll set to form a cylindrical part A of the laminated rubber 1; the cylindrical metal spacer A1 and the cylindrical rubber layer A2 can also be connected in a curing mode through vulcanization. Wherein the thickness of the cylindrical rubber layer A2 is 1-1.5 mm.
The transition metal spacer B is shown in fig. 4 to 5: the transition metal spacer B is machined from a metal pipe or a metal bar into a spherical ring, the inner ring of the ring is cylindrical, the outer ring of the ring is spherical, the inner ring of the transition metal spacer B is elastically connected with the cylindrical part A through a cylindrical rubber layer A2, the outer ring of the transition metal spacer B is elastically connected with the spherical part C through a spherical rubber layer C2, and therefore the cylindrical part A and the spherical part C are connected to form the laminated rubber 1.
The spherical metal spacer C1 is shown in fig. 6 to 7: the spherical metal spacer C1 is machined from a metal pipe or a metal bar into a spherical ring, the diameter of each layer of spherical metal spacer C1 is different, and the spherical metal spacers C1 and the spherical rubber layers C2 with different diameters are overlapped and bonded together at intervals like Russian nesting doll to form a spherical part C of the laminated rubber 1; the spherical metal spacer C1 and the spherical rubber layer C2 can also be connected in a curing way by vulcanization. Wherein the thickness of the spherical rubber layer C2 is thinner than that of the cylindrical rubber layer A2, and the thickness of the spherical rubber layer C2 is 0.8-1.2 mm.
The laminated rubber 1 of the invention is different from the existing spherical laminated rubber structure, but adopts a cylindrical-spherical combined laminated rubber structure, wherein the cylindrical part A is positioned at the inner ring, and the spherical part C is positioned at the outer ring.
The cylindrical laminated rubber structure can bear larger radial load, and the cylindrical rubber layer A2 of the cylindrical part A is thicker and can bear larger torsion angle and lower torsion strain.
According to the calculation method and verification of the end performance of the elastic rod and the calculation method in the engineering design application of the rubber part, the spherical laminated rubber structure and the cylindrical-spherical combined laminated rubber structure are respectively calculated, and when the two laminated rubber structures generate a total torsion angle of 20 degrees respectively by applying torque, a comparison table of the torsion angles of each layer of the two laminated rubber structures is shown in a table I and a figure 8; the torsional strain in each layer of the two laminated rubber structures is shown in table two and fig. 9.
Table one: comparison table for torsion angle of each layer when torsion angle of laminated rubber is 20 degrees
| Number of rubber layers | Spherical structure torsion angle | Torsion angle of cylindrical-spherical |
| 1 | 2.02 | 3.38 |
| 2 | 1.83 | 2.54 |
| 3 | 1.90 | 2.45 |
| 4 | 1.73 | 2.10 |
| 5 | 1.58 | 1.81 |
| 6 | 1.40 | 0.99 |
| 7 | 1.45 | 1.02 |
| 8 | 1.33 | 0.94 |
| 9 | 1.23 | 0.87 |
| 10 | 1.23 | 0.86 |
| 11 | 1.13 | 0.80 |
| 12 | 1.06 | 0.74 |
| 13 | 1.04 | 0.73 |
| 14 | 1.06 | 0.75 |
| Total angle of torsion | 20° | 20° |
Table two: comparison table for torsional strain of each layer when torsional angle of laminated rubber is 20 DEG
| Number of rubber layers | Torsional strain of spherical structure | Torsion strain of cylindrical-spherical |
| 1 | 2.45 | 2.04 |
| 2 | 2.29 | 2.04 |
| 3 | 2.15 | 1.86 |
| 4 | 2.01 | 1.69 |
| 5 | 1.89 | 1.54 |
| 6 | 1.73 | 1.22 |
| 7 | 1.64 | 1.16 |
| 8 | 1.55 | 1.09 |
| 9 | 1.47 | 1.04 |
| 10 | 1.36 | 0.96 |
| 11 | 1.29 | 0.91 |
| 12 | 1.24 | 0.87 |
| 13 | 1.14 | 0.80 |
| 14 | 1.09 | 0.77 |
| Average strain | 1.67 | 1.29 |
| Rate of change | -23% |
From the above chart it can be seen that: the cylindrical part A of the cylindrical-spherical combined laminated rubber structure can bear larger torsion angle and has lower torsion strain, the average strain of each layer is reduced by 23 percent compared with the existing spherical laminated rubber structure, and the torsion fatigue performance can be improved by reducing the torsion strain because the fatigue performance is mainly influenced by the strain of the rubber material.
The elastic bearing is shown in fig. 10 to 13: the method comprises the following steps: an inner joint 2, an outer joint 3, and a laminated rubber 1 disposed between the inner joint 2 and the outer joint 3, the laminated rubber 1 having the laminated rubber structure in which the cylindrical portion a and the spherical portion C are combined as described above. The elastic bearing has better torsion capability and torsion fatigue performance, can adapt to larger radial load, and also has better bending and axial bearing capability.
The outer joint 3 is shown in fig. 16 to 17: the outer joint 3 is a torus, the outer wall is cylindrical, and the inner wall 31 is spherical and is made of metal materials. The inner wall 31 is elastically connected to the laminated rubber 1 through the spherical rubber layer C2.
The elastic bearing has better torsion capability and torsion fatigue performance due to the adoption of the laminated rubber 1 combined by the cylindrical part A and the spherical part C, can adapt to larger radial load, and simultaneously has better bending and axial bearing capability so as to meet the requirement of a helicopter on the torsion fatigue performance of the elastic bearing and ensure the flight safety.
In summary, the following steps: the invention has the beneficial effects that: the laminated rubber is provided with the cylindrical part and the spherical part, the cylindrical part can bear a larger torsion angle and lower torsion strain, the spherical part has the characteristics of good radial, torsion, bending and axial bearing capacities, and the laminated rubber has high torsion capacity by combining the cylindrical part and the spherical part so as to improve the torsion fatigue performance of the laminated rubber. The elastic bearing of the invention adopts the laminated rubber combined by the cylindrical part and the spherical part, so that the elastic bearing has better torsion capability and torsion fatigue performance, can adapt to larger radial load, and simultaneously has better bending and axial bearing capability, thereby meeting the requirement of a helicopter on the torsion fatigue performance of the elastic bearing and ensuring the flight safety.
The above embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should fall within the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a stromatolite rubber comprises a plurality of metal spacers and rubber interval coincide, its characterized in that: the laminated rubber (1) includes: a cylindrical portion (a) and a spherical portion (C).
2. The laminated rubber with high torsion ability according to claim 1, wherein: the spherical portion (C) is located outside the cylindrical portion (A).
3. The laminated rubber with high torsion ability according to claim 2, wherein: a transition metal spacer (B) is arranged between the spherical part (C) and the cylindrical part (A), and the spherical part (C) is connected with the cylindrical part (A) through the transition metal spacer (B).
4. The laminated rubber according to claim 3, wherein: the cylindrical part (A) is formed by overlapping a plurality of cylindrical metal spacers (A1) and a cylindrical rubber layer (A2) at intervals.
5. The laminated rubber according to claim 3, wherein: the spherical part (C) is formed by overlapping a plurality of spherical metal spacers (C1) and a spherical rubber layer (C2) at intervals.
6. An elastic bearing comprising the laminated rubber of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: nipple (2), outer joint (3) and set up at nipple (2), the stromatolite rubber (1) between outer joint (3), its characterized in that: the laminated rubber (1) comprises a cylindrical part (A) and a spherical part (C), wherein the spherical part (C) is located on the outer side of the cylindrical part (A), a transition metal spacer (B) is arranged between the spherical part (C) and the cylindrical part (A), and the spherical part (C) is connected with the cylindrical part (A) through the transition metal spacer (B).
7. The elastomeric bearing of claim 6, wherein: the cylindrical portion (a) includes: the 4 layers of cylindrical metal spacers (A1) and the 5 layers of cylindrical rubber layers (A2), and the innermost layer of cylindrical metal spacer (A1) is connected with the outer wall (21) of the inner joint (2) through the cylindrical rubber layers (A2).
8. The elastomeric bearing of claim 7, wherein: the thickness of the cylindrical rubber layer (A2) is 1-1.5 mm.
9. The elastomeric bearing of claim 6, wherein: the spherical portion (C) comprises: the spherical metal spacer (C1) with 8 layers and the spherical rubber layer (C2) with 9 layers, and the spherical metal spacer (C1) at the outermost layer is connected with the outer wall (31) of the outer joint (3) through the spherical rubber layer (C2).
10. The elastomeric bearing of claim 9, wherein: the thickness of the spherical rubber layer (C2) is 0.8-1.2 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011089383.6A CN112178052A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Laminated rubber and metal elastic bearing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011089383.6A CN112178052A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Laminated rubber and metal elastic bearing |
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| CN112178052A true CN112178052A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011089383.6A Pending CN112178052A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Laminated rubber and metal elastic bearing |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113942641A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-18 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Elastic universal hinge |
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