CN112175846B - Candida utilis strain UCY-11 and application thereof in preparation of fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a Candida utilis strain UCY-11 and application thereof in preparing fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed, which can effectively solve the problems of preparing fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed by using the strain, degrading macromolecular protein contained in the feed, improving the content of peptide in crude protein and crude protein, reducing the content of anti-nutritional factors such as cellulose, lignin and the like, improving the feed nutritive value and meeting the actual requirements of breeding and animal husbandry, obtains the Candida utilis strain UCY-11 by using an ultraviolet mutagenesis technology, can effectively improve the content of peptide in crude protein and crude protein, improves the nutritional quality of the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed by using the strain to ferment the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed, improves the utilization efficiency of the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed by animals, is also beneficial to improving the intestinal microecological balance of the animals and promotes the health of the animals and the development of the breeding industry, meets the requirements of people on animal protein in life, and has remarkable economic and social benefits.

Description

Candida utilis strain UCY-11 and application thereof in preparation of fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of microorganisms, in particular to a candida utilis strain UCY-11 and application thereof in preparing fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed.

Background

With the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in China, the demand of animal protein is increased day by day, and the contradiction between supply and demand is increasingly prominent. Animal protein mainly comes from breeding and animal husbandry, the animal husbandry is an important component of modern agriculture in China, is an important source of meat, eggs and milk food, and the rapid development of crude protein plant feed resources becomes a new way for relieving the shortage of protein feed raw material supply and ensuring the food safety.

The hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is a new broussonetia papyrifera variety cultivated by modern biotechnology and traditional hybrid breeding method in plant research institute of Chinese academy of sciences, and has strong adaptability, drought resistance, dry and cold resistance, damp and heat resistance, developed root system, and capability of being planted on hills, beaches, wastelands, barren mountains and canthus. The hybrid broussonetia papyrifera has the characteristics of fast growth, high yield, high crude protein content and the like, and is a green and efficient plant protein feed source. The hybrid paper mulberry contains rich crude protein, crude fat, amino acid, vitamin, carbohydrate and trace elements, the content of the crude protein in the leaves is 2 times of that of wheat and 3 times of that of corn and rice, the content of the crude fat is 2 times of that of rice and wheat, the content of the total amino acid exceeds 20 percent, and the essential amino acid accounts for about 40 percent of the total amino acid. But the mature hybrid broussonetia papyrifera leaves and branches thereof have high lignin and cellulose content due to complex protein structures, and are difficult to digest and absorb by monogastric animals, so that the utilization rate of nutrients of the beasts and birds is reduced. Researches show that the digestion performance of the feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera can be remarkably improved through microbial fermentation treatment, the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera protein with a complex structure can be decomposed into short peptides and amino acids which are easy to digest and absorb by the microbes, the content of the peptides in crude protein and crude protein can be increased, and the content of anti-nutritional factors such as cellulose and lignin can be reduced.

Candida utilis (A), (B)Candida utilis) The yeast is also called as a torula prica or a torula diet yeast, is a fungus which has simple morphological structure, takes bud reproduction as the main part, has larger cells, vigorous metabolism, fast growth and reproduction and strong environmental adaptability and is suitable for fermentation of various bioreactors. The candida utilis cells are generally 3.5-4.5 microns multiplied by 7.0-13.0 microns and are in a circular, oval or sausage shape, and are subjected to vegetative propagation in a multilateral budding mode to form pseudohyphae. Because the candida utilis contains abundant proteins, lipids, sugar, various vitamins and the like in vivo, and also can generate enzyme, coenzyme, ribonucleic acid, sterol and some metabolic intermediate products in the fermentation process, the candida utilis is widely applied to food, medicine,Experimental research, livestock breeding and feed industry.

The candida utilis is used as a biological source of high-yield protein, is beneficial bacteria in animal intestinal tracts, and has good application value in the aspects of maintaining the balance of animal intestinal flora, improving the immunity of organisms, providing nutrient substances for animals, improving daily gain and the like. At present, the research on candida utilis mainly focuses on the selenium enrichment function, the production of single-cell protein feed through fermentation culture of the candida utilis and the application of the single-cell protein feed as animal intestinal beneficial bacteria, the balance of animal intestinal flora is maintained, nutrient substances are provided for animals, the daily weight gain of the animals is improved, and the like, but the research on the candida utilis fermentation of the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed is not reported. Therefore, screening a new candida utilis strain with the function of fermenting the broussonetia papyrifera feed has very important application value.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation and overcoming the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the candida utilis strain UCY-11 and the application thereof in preparing the fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed, and can effectively solve the problems of preparing the fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed by using the strain, degrading macromolecular proteins contained in the feed, increasing the content of crude proteins and peptides in the crude proteins, reducing the content of anti-nutritional factors such as cellulose, lignin and the like, improving the nutritional value of the feed and meeting the actual needs of the livestock breeding industry.

The technical scheme includes that a Candida utilis strain UCY-11 is classified and named as Candida utilis ()Candida utilis) The preservation number is CGMCC N0.19132, and the preservation unit is: china general microbiological culture Collection center, address: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, the day of storage: 12 months and 16 days 2019;

the strain can be effectively used for preparing fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed, and the method comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a seed solution: culturing the candida utilis strain UCY-11 in a fermentation seed liquid culture medium, and performing shaking table culture on the fermentation seed in a triangular flask to obtain a fermentation seed liquid, wherein the culture condition is that the culture is performed for 48-60 h at 28 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 10-15 r/min;

the fermentation seed liquid culture medium is as follows: dissolving 20.0g glucose, 10.0g peptone and 5.0g yeast extract in 1L deionized water, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min;

(2) preparing a culture medium for fermenting the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera: the culture medium is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: uniformly mixing 65-75% of hybrid paper mulberry dry powder, 5-15% of corn flour, 4-6% of wheat bran, 4-6% of rice bran, 5-15% of molasses and 0.1-0.3% of inorganic salt, wherein the total amount is 100%, and adding water to enable the mass water content (m/m) to reach 55-60%;

the inorganic salt is one of ammonium salt, magnesium salt, sodium salt and potassium salt;

(3) preparing a fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed: inoculating 8-10% of the fermented seed liquid into a culture medium of the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera according to the inoculation mass, filling the culture medium into a triangular flask for fermentation culture, wherein the charging amount is 30-50% of the volume of the triangular flask, and fermenting for 48-72 hours at the temperature of 32-36 ℃ to obtain the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera wet feed;

(4) and (3) drying: drying the fermented wet feed for the hybrid paper mulberry at the temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃ until the mass water content is less than or equal to 12%, crushing, and sieving by a 40-60-mesh sieve to obtain the finished product.

The candida utilis strain UCY-11 is obtained by an ultraviolet mutagenesis technology, and is used for fermenting the hybrid paper mulberry feed, so that the content of crude protein and peptide in the crude protein can be effectively improved, the nutritional quality of the hybrid paper mulberry feed is improved, the utilization efficiency of animals on the hybrid paper mulberry feed is improved, the intestinal microecological balance of the animals is favorably improved, the animal health and the development of the breeding industry are promoted, the requirements of people on animal protein in life are met, and the remarkable economic and social benefits are achieved.

Detailed Description

The following examples are provided to explain the present invention in detail.

In particular, the invention may be embodied as set forth in the following examples.

Example 1

(1) Preparing a seed solution: culturing the Candida utilis strain UCY-11 in a fermentation seed solution culture medium, and performing shaking table culture in a fermentation seed triangular flask to obtain a fermentation seed solution, wherein the culture condition is that the culture is performed for 54h at 28 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 12 r/min;

(2) preparing a culture medium for fermenting the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera: the culture medium is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: uniformly mixing 69% of hybrid paper mulberry dry powder, 10% of corn flour, 5.4% of wheat bran, 5.4% of rice bran, 10% of molasses and 0.2% of inorganic salt, wherein the total amount is 100%, and adding water to enable the mass water content of the hybrid paper mulberry dry powder to reach 55-60%;

(3) preparing fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed: inoculating 9% of the fermented seed liquid into a culture medium of the fermented hybrid paper mulberry, putting the culture medium into a triangular flask for fermentation culture, wherein the charging amount is 40% of the volume of the triangular flask, and fermenting for 60 hours at the temperature of 34 ℃ to obtain the fermented hybrid paper mulberry wet feed;

(4) and (3) drying: drying the fermented wet feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera at the temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃ until the mass water content is less than or equal to 12%, crushing, and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the finished product.

Example 2

The method for applying the candida utilis strain UCY-11 in preparing the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a seed solution: culturing the candida utilis strain UCY-11 by a fermentation seed liquid culture medium, and performing shaking table culture on the fermentation seed triangular flask to obtain a fermentation seed liquid, wherein the culture condition is that the culture is performed for 58h at 28 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 11 r/min;

(2) preparing dry hybrid paper mulberry powder: from a certain planting base in Henan, the young whole hybrid paper mulberry plants grow to the height of 1.0-1.2 m at the beginning of 6 months, the first crop is harvested, the stubble is left for 15-20 cm, the whole hybrid paper mulberry plants are dried and then crushed to 20-40 meshes, and dry hybrid paper mulberry powder is obtained;

(3) preparing a culture medium for fermenting the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera: the culture medium is prepared from: adding 375kg of hybrid paper mulberry dry powder, 30kg of corn powder, 25kg of wheat bran, 25kg of rice bran, 50kg of molasses and 1.5kg of inorganic salt into a 1-ton mixer, uniformly mixing, and adding water to ensure that the mass water content reaches 56%;

corn flour, wheat bran and rice bran are commercially available products and meet the relevant standards of national feed raw materials; the main components of the molasses are sucrose and a reddish brown sticky liquid, the mass content of dry matter is 48.98%, the mass content of water-soluble sugar is 64.8%, and the QB/T2684-2005 standard is met;

(4) preparing fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed: inoculating 45L of fermented seed liquid into a culture medium of the fermented hybrid paper mulberry, fully mixing the fermented seed liquid and the culture medium for 1 hour in a mixer, filling the mixture into film bags with breather valves, sealing the bags with 20kg or 25kg of the bags, and fermenting the bags for 48 to 72 hours at the temperature of 32 to 36 ℃ to obtain the fermented hybrid paper mulberry wet feed.

Example 3

The method for applying the candida utilis strain UCY-11 in preparing the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a seed solution: culturing the candida utilis strain UCY-11 in a fermentation seed liquid culture medium, and performing shaking table culture on the fermentation seed in a triangular flask to obtain a fermentation seed liquid, wherein the culture condition is that the culture is performed for 50h at 28 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 14 r/min;

(2) preparing hybrid broussonetia papyrifera dry powder: the method is characterized in that the method is from a certain planting base in Henan, the tender whole plant of the hybrid paper mulberry tree grows to 1.0-1.2 m in height in the early 6 months, the first crop is harvested, the crop is left for 15-20 cm, the whole plant is dried and then crushed to 20-40 meshes, and the hybrid paper mulberry dry powder is obtained;

(3) preparing a culture medium for fermenting the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera: the culture medium is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 3500g of hybrid paper mulberry dry powder, 500g of corn flour, 250g of wheat bran, 250g of rice bran, 500g of molasses and 15g of inorganic salt are uniformly mixed, and water is added to ensure that the mass water content (m/m) of the hybrid paper mulberry dry powder reaches 58%;

corn flour, wheat bran and rice bran are commercially available products and meet the relevant standards of national feed raw materials; the main component of the molasses is sucrose and a red brown sticky liquid, the dry matter content is 48.98%, the water-soluble sugar content is 64.8%, and the standard of QB/T2684-2005 is met;

(4) preparing fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed: inoculating the fermented seed liquid into a fermentation broussonetia papyrifera culture medium according to the inoculation mass of 10%, filling into a triangular flask for fermentation culture, wherein the charging amount is 50% of the volume of the triangular flask, and fermenting at the temperature of 34 ℃ for 72 hours to obtain a wet fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed;

(5) and (3) drying: drying the fermented wet feed of the hybrid paper mulberry at the temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃ until the mass water content is less than or equal to 12%, crushing, and sieving by a 40-60-mesh sieve to obtain the fermented dry feed of the hybrid paper mulberry.

The fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed prepared by the method has very good effect through tests and application, and the related data are as follows:

firstly, obtaining Candida utilis (Candida utilis) UCY-11:

ultraviolet mutagenesis of a Candida utilis (Candida utilis) strain was carried out: coating 0.1mL of culture solution of the Candida utilis strain activated by a plate culture medium on a primary sieve plate, culturing for 6h at 28 ℃, preheating for 30min by using an ultraviolet lamp, respectively irradiating the primary sieve plate for 0min, 3min, 6min, 9min, 12min and 15min at a position which is 30cm away from a 15W ultraviolet lamp, eluting the primary sieve plate by using 5mL of sterile physiological saline under the condition of dark light, diluting, coating on the plate culture medium, culturing for 84h at 28 ℃, and performing primary sieve according to the sizes of bacterial colonies and transparent circles; selecting 20 mutant strains from the mutant strains according to the shapes of the bacterial colonies, the sizes of the bacterial colonies and the transparent circles, fermenting the mutant strains by using a triangular flask to obtain hybrid paper mulberry feed, performing secondary screening according to the peptide content in crude protein and the crude protein, culturing for 66 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃, determining the peptide content in the crude protein and the crude protein in a fermentation culture, wherein the most significant strain is a target strain, and identifying the mutant strain UCY-11 according to the morphological characteristics, the culture characteristics, the physiological and biochemical characteristics and the molecular biological characteristics of the target strain obtained by ultraviolet mutagenesis breeding;

morphological characteristics of the strains

The bacterial strain UCY-11 is oval, small amount of round, 3.2-4.4 μm × 7.3-12.8 μm, and can be propagated asexually in multilateral bud mode to produce pseudohypha, sexual spore and pigment.

Characteristics of the culture of the strains

After the strain UCY-11 is cultured on a malt extract agar plate medium for 72 hours at 28 ℃, the cultured bacterial colony is protruded, thick and large, and the diameter of the bacterial colony is 0.6-1.8 cm. The colonies are white, smooth, glossy or not, with clean edges or hyphae. The color of the front and back sides, the edge and the central part of the colony is consistent. The colony has uniform texture, villous hyphae on the surface, and is easy to pick up. Glucose, peptone and yeast extract liquid culture medium are cultured for 72h at 28 ℃, the surface is sterile, the culture medium is turbid, and bacteria precipitate is formed at the bottom of the tube.

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of strain

The strain UCY-11 can utilize monosaccharides such as pentose and hexose, such as glucose and xylose, but cannot utilize maltose, galactose and lactose. In a carbon source assimilation test, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-xylose, sucrose, maltose and the like are in positive reactions, and L-arabinose, lactose and the like are in negative reactions. Strain UCY-11 grew well on vitamin-free medium. The strain UCY-11 was grown in a medium containing urea and nitric acid as nitrogen sources. The strain UCY-11 can be used for fermenting and utilizing plant materials such as bean cypress, wheat bran, corn flour and the like to produce single-cell protein products.

Molecular biological characteristics of the strain

The strain UCY-11 is subjected to PCR amplification by an 18S rDNA 5 'end universal primer ITS1 (P1) and a 5' end characteristic primer CU (P2) in an ITS2 region to generate a 449bp characteristic fragment, and is subjected to PCR amplification by an 18S rDNA 5 'end universal primer ITS1 (P1) and a 28S rDNA 3' end universal primer CU (P3) to generate a 565bp characteristic fragment gene, and the characteristic is different from other fungi.

According to the morphological characteristics, culture characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular biological characteristics of the strain UCY-11 bred by ultraviolet mutagenesis, the strain UCY-11 belongs to the candida utilis, and is classified and named as candida utilis (Candida utilis) The number of the strain is Candida utilis strain UCY-11. Deposited in China general microbiological culture Collection center, address: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, the day of storage: 12 and 16 days in 2019, and the preservation number is CGMCC N0.19132.

The strain is effectively used for preparing fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed, and the application of the candida utilis strain UCY-11 in preparing the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed is realized.

Second, determination method of hybrid paper mulberry feed components

The contents of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber in the feed and the fermentation culture of the broussonetia papyrifera are respectively determined according to the methods of GB/T6432-1994, GB/T6433-2006 and GB/T6434-2006, the content of peptide in the crude protein is determined according to the method of QB/T2653-2004, and the number of viable candida utilis is determined according to NY/T1969-2010 standard.

Third, the influence of fermentation on the ingredients of the feed for hybrid paper mulberry

The content of crude protein, peptide, crude fat and crude fiber in the fermented feed of the broussonetia papyrifera and the number of viable bacteria of candida utilis are measured, and the change conditions of the content of nutrient components and the number of viable bacteria of the feed of the broussonetia papyrifera before and after fermentation are compared. The test results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows that the content of crude protein in the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed is increased to 20.68 percent from 18.25 percent before fermentation, and is increased by 13.15 percent. The content of peptide in the crude protein in the fermented feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is increased to 8.56% from 7.35% before fermentation, and is increased by 16.46%. The content of crude fat in the fermented feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is increased to 5.56% from 5.48% before fermentation, and is increased by 1.46%. The content of crude fiber in the fermented feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is reduced from 29.74 percent before fermentation to 21.01 percent and reduced by 29.35 percent. The number of the candida utilis viable bacteria in the fermented feed for the broussonetia papyrifera is more than or equal to 10 hundred million/g.

TABLE 1 feed for broussonetia papyrifera

Item	Crude protein content (%)	Peptide content (%)	Crude fat content (%)	Crude fiber content (%)	Viable count of Candida utilis (number/gram)
						Before fermentation	18.25	7.35	5.48	29.74	0
After fermentation	20.68	8.56	5.56	21.01	Not less than 10 hundred million

Function and effect of fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed

The hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed has a complex protein structure, is difficult to digest and absorb by livestock and poultry, and has abundant crude protein resources which are not fully developed and utilized, so that serious resource waste is caused. The Candida utilis fermentation technology is used for treating the feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera, so that macromolecular proteins with complex structures in the feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera can be degraded, the content of crude proteins and peptides in the crude proteins can be remarkably increased, the nutritional value of the crude proteins in the feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is improved, and animals can digest and absorb nutritional substances in the feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera. The feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera has high content of crude fiber and lignin, the crude fiber mainly comprises cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the cellulose and the hemicellulose are difficult to digest by monogastric animals, and the lignin can not be digested and utilized by all livestock and poultry. By fermentation treatment of candida utilis, crude fiber can be degraded, the content of the crude fiber is reduced, and the digestion utilization rate of the feed is improved. The anti-nutritional factors such as crude fiber and lignin in the feed for the broussonetia papyrifera affect the palatability of the feed for the broussonetia papyrifera, and the fermentation treatment of candida utilis has a certain softening effect on the lignin and plant fiber, thereby greatly helping to improve the palatability of the feed. The number of the candida utilis viable bacteria in the fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed is more than or equal to 10 hundred million/g, and the candida utilis viable bacteria serving as probiotics can adjust the micro-ecological balance of the gastrointestinal tract of animals, enhance the immunity of organisms, improve the feed conversion rate, promote the growth of the animals and improve the economic benefit of breeding after entering the alimentary tracts of the animals.

Fifthly, the influence of the fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed on the growth performance of the fattening pigs

1. Test animals and test design

44 Du x long x big ternary hybrid pigs which are healthy, basically consistent in day age and about 30kg in weight are randomly selected and divided into two groups, a control group and a test group are respectively arranged, 22 pigs in each group are provided with 2 repetitions, and 11 pigs in each repetition are arranged. The test is divided into 2 stages of 30-50 kg and more than 50 kg. The control group is fed with basic diet, and the test group is respectively fed with 10% fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed (30-50 kg) and 15% fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed (more than 50 kg) according to different stages.

Fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed

Fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed is prepared according to the method of example 3.

Feeding management and test record

The test was carried out in a farm pig farm of a family in Henan province. Vaccine immunization and feeding management were performed according to the general program in the pig farm. And a pre-test period of 5d, wherein the test period is till the commercial pigs are slaughtered, and free food and water are taken during the test period. The live weights and diet consumption of each group were weighed and recorded after 12 hours of exercise in the abdominal region at 1d, 40d and 120 d.

Influence of fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed on growth performance of fattening pigs

The test results are shown in table 2, and it can be seen from table 2 that the average daily feed intake of the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed added with 10% of the basic feed in the stage of fattening pigs of 30-50 kg is improved by 6.40% compared with the control group, the average daily weight gain is reduced by 6.70% compared with the control group, and the feed weight ratio is improved by 13.95% compared with the control group. When 15% of fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed is added into the basic feed, the average daily feed intake and the average daily weight gain are respectively improved by 4.13% and 4.71% compared with a control group, and the feed weight ratio is reduced by 0.66% compared with the control group in the stage of fattening pigs with more than 50 kg. Therefore, the fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed has certain effect on improving the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of the fattening pigs, and has no obvious effect on reducing the feed-weight ratio.

TABLE 2 influence of fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed on growth performance of fattening pigs

30～50kg	Control group	Test group	50kg or more	Control group	Test group
						Initial weight (kg)	29.56	29.43	Initial weight (kg)	52.83	51.15
Terminal weight (kg)	52.83	51.15	Terminal weight (kg)	127.60	129.49
						Average daily food intake (g)	1250	1330	Average daily food intake (g)	2830	2947
Average daily gain (g)	582	543	Average daily gain (g)	935	979
						Material to weight ratio	2.15	2.45	Material to weight ratio	3.03	3.01

Sixth, the influence of the fermented feed for broussonetia papyrifera on the production performance of broilers

1. Test animals and test design

160 AA broilers were randomly divided into 2 groups of 80 chickens each, with 4 replicates per 20 chickens, using a single factor randomization. The control group was fed a basal diet and the test group was fed a basal diet containing 5% fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed.

Fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed

Fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed is prepared according to the method of example 3.

And feeding management and test record

The test was carried out in a broiler farm in south of Henan. And (4) performing vaccine immunization and feeding management according to the conventional AA broiler chicken program. Respectively weighing the chickens in empty stomach at 1, 14, 28 and 42 days old, fasting before weighing for 12 hours without water prohibition, calculating the daily feed intake of the AA broilers at each stage of 1-14 days old, 15-28 days old, 29-42 days old and 1-42 days old, and calculating the feed-meat ratio by utilizing the average daily gain at each stage and the average daily gain at the whole stage.

Influence of fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed on broiler chicken production performance

The test results in table 3 show that the test results of feeding the feed containing 5% fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera are as follows: compared with a control group, the daily average feed intake of 1-14-day-old AA broiler chickens is reduced by 4.57%, the average daily gain is reduced by 10.45%, and the feed-meat ratio is improved by 6.80%. Compared with a control group, the daily average feed intake of 15-28-day-old AA broiler chickens is reduced by 2.45%, the average daily gain is reduced by 6.28%, and the feed-meat ratio is improved by 3.98%. Compared with a control group, the daily average feed intake of 29-42-day-old AA broiler chickens is reduced by 1.21%, the average daily gain is increased by 1.14%, and the feed conversion ratio is reduced by 2.20%. Compared with a control group, the daily average feed intake of 1-42-day-old AA broiler chickens is reduced by 2.13%, the average daily gain is reduced by 3.74%, and the feed-meat ratio is improved by 1.48%. Therefore, with the development improvement of the digestive system of broilers, the feed is gradually adapted to the feed of the fermented hybrid broilers, the average daily feed intake of 29-42 days old is reduced, the average daily gain is increased, the feed conversion ratio is reduced, and the utilization rate of the AA broilers in the breeding stage to the fermented hybrid broilers is obviously improved. But has certain negative effects on the production performances of daily average feed intake, average daily gain, feed-meat ratio and the like of the AA broiler chickens in the whole feeding process.

TABLE 3 influence of fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed on broiler chicken productivity

Seventh, the influence of the fermented feed for the broussonetia papyrifera on the growth performance of meat rabbits

1. Test animals and test design

80 new 30-day-old weaned New Zealand meat rabbits with similar body weight, half male and half female, and good health and development conditions are randomly selected and divided into 4 groups, wherein each group comprises 20 rabbits, 4 rabbits are arranged, and each rabbit is 5 rabbits. Group I is a control group, basic daily ration is fed, group II, group III and group IV are test groups, 10%, 20% and 30% of fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed is added into the rabbit basic daily ration of the test groups to replace equal amounts of peanut vine powder and peanut shell powder. The test period is 65 days, wherein the pre-test period is 5 days, and the positive test period is 60 days.

Fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed

Fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed is prepared according to the method of example 3.

Feeding management and test record

The test was carried out in a certain meat rabbit farm in Henan. The control group rabbits and the test group rabbits are all fed in a single cage during the test period, and the feeding conditions and the environmental conditions are kept consistent. Before the test, the cages and the environment are thoroughly washed and disinfected, and vaccine immunization is carried out according to the conventional feeding management and immunization program of the rabbit farm. The feed was given 2 times daily, 8 am and 18 pm. Free food intake and free drinking are adopted, so that the air quality of the rabbit hutch is kept good, and the rabbit hutch is sterilized for 1 time in 3-5 days. The 1 st day of the normal period and the 08: 00 th day of the end of the test are respectively weighed by group on an empty stomach, the total feed intake during the test period is counted, and the average daily gain, the average daily feed intake and the feed-weight ratio during the test period are calculated.

And the influence of the fermented feed for the broussonetia papyrifera on the growth performance of meat rabbits

The test results are shown in table 4, and it can be seen from table 4 that 10%, 20% and 30% of fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed is added to the daily ration to replace equal amounts of peanut vine powder and peanut shell powder, so that the average daily gains of meat rabbits are respectively increased by 1.96g, 4.30g and 4.48g, the average daily feed intake is not obviously affected, and the feed-weight ratios are respectively reduced by 0.26, 0.56 and 0.59, which indicates that the addition of 10%, 20% and 30% of fermented hybrid paper mulberry feed to replace equal amounts of peanut vine powder and peanut shell powder in the daily ration obviously increases the average daily gain of meat rabbits, and reduces the feed-weight ratios of meat rabbits in different degrees.

TABLE 4 influence of fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed on growth performance of meat rabbits

Item	Group I	Group II	Group III	Group IV
					Initial weight (g)	844.12	843.53	840.00	839.78
Terminal weight (g)	2694.65	2809.23	2948.56	2959.43
					Average daily gain (g)	30.84	32.76	35.14	35.32
Average daily food intake (g)	140.75	140.81	140.68	140.17
					Material to weight ratio	4.56	4.30	4.00	3.97

The same tests were carried out on example 3 and other examples, which all gave the same and similar results and are not listed here.

In summary, the present invention aims to provide a microbial strain capable of fermenting the raw material of the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed and efficiently degrading various anti-nutritional factors such as cellulose, lignin, etc., and a technical method for producing the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed rich in crude protein and peptide by using the microbial strain, which effectively solves the technical problems existing in the development and utilization of the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed, opens up a new approach for the feed of the animal husbandry and breeding industry, promotes the development of the animal husbandry, improves the economic benefits of the animal husbandry, and makes positive contributions to the alleviation of the shortage of the raw material supply of the protein feed and the guarantee of the food safety.

Claims (4)

1. A candida utilis strain UCY-11 which is classified and named as candida utilis (Candida utilis) The preservation number is CGMCC N0.19132, and the preservation unit is: china general microbiological culture Collection center, address: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, the day of storage: 12 and 16 in 2019.

2. Use of the Candida utilis strain UCY-11 according to claim 1 for producing fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed.

3. The use of the Candida utilis strain UCY-11 according to claim 2 for producing fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed, characterized in that the method of use comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a seed solution: culturing the candida utilis strain UCY-11 in a fermentation seed liquid culture medium, and performing shaking table culture on the fermentation seed in a triangular flask to obtain a fermentation seed liquid, wherein the culture condition is that the culture is performed for 48-60 h at 28 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 10-15 r/min;

the fermentation seed liquid culture medium is as follows: dissolving 20.0g glucose, 10.0g peptone and 5.0g yeast extract in 1L deionized water, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min;

(2) preparing a culture medium for fermenting the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera: the culture medium is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: uniformly mixing 65-75% of hybrid paper mulberry dry powder, 5-15% of corn flour, 4-6% of wheat bran, 4-6% of rice bran, 5-15% of molasses and 0.1-0.3% of inorganic salt, wherein the total amount is 100%, and then adding water to enable the mass water content to reach 55-60%;

the inorganic salt is one of ammonium salt, magnesium salt, sodium salt and potassium salt;

(3) preparing fermented hybrid broussonetia feed: inoculating 8-10% of the fermented seed liquid into a culture medium of the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera according to the inoculation mass, filling the culture medium into a triangular flask for fermentation culture, wherein the charging amount is 30-50% of the volume of the triangular flask, and fermenting for 48-72 hours at the temperature of 32-36 ℃ to obtain the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera wet feed;

(4) and (3) drying: drying the fermented wet feed for the hybrid paper mulberry at the temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃ until the mass water content is less than or equal to 12%, crushing, and sieving by a 40-60-mesh sieve to obtain the finished product.

4. The use of the Candida utilis strain UCY-11 according to claim 3 for the preparation of fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed, characterized in that the application method comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a seed solution: culturing the candida utilis strain UCY-11 in a fermentation seed liquid culture medium, and performing shaking table culture on the fermentation seed in a triangular flask to obtain a fermentation seed liquid, wherein the culture condition is that the culture is carried out for 54h at 28 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 12 r/min;

(2) preparing a culture medium for fermenting the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera: the culture medium is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: uniformly mixing 69% of hybrid paper mulberry dry powder, 10% of corn flour, 5.4% of wheat bran, 5.4% of rice bran, 10% of molasses and 0.2% of inorganic salt, wherein the total amount is 100%, and adding water to enable the mass water content of the hybrid paper mulberry dry powder to reach 55-60%;

(3) preparing fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera feed: inoculating 9% of the fermented seed liquid into a culture medium of the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera according to the inoculation mass, filling the culture medium into a triangular flask for fermentation culture, wherein the charging amount is 40% of the volume of the triangular flask, and fermenting for 60 hours at the temperature of 34 ℃ to obtain the fermented hybrid broussonetia papyrifera wet feed;

(4) and (3) drying: drying the fermented wet feed for the hybrid broussonetia papyrifera at the temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃ until the mass water content is less than or equal to 12%, crushing, and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the finished product.