CN112174088B - Reforming hydrogen production device suitable for fuel cell and use method - Google Patents
Reforming hydrogen production device suitable for fuel cell and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112174088B CN112174088B CN202011125162.XA CN202011125162A CN112174088B CN 112174088 B CN112174088 B CN 112174088B CN 202011125162 A CN202011125162 A CN 202011125162A CN 112174088 B CN112174088 B CN 112174088B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a reforming hydrogen production device suitable for a fuel cell and a using method thereof. The reforming chamber comprises a hydrogen outlet, a heat conduction cavity, a fuel preheating cavity, a reforming cavity, a fuel inlet, fins and a temperature detection hole, wherein the heat conduction cavity is positioned in the middle of the reforming chamber and is provided with a through hole penetrating through the reforming chamber, and the fins are arranged inside the heat conduction cavity; the upper side and the lower side of the heat conduction cavity are provided with a fuel preheating cavity; one end of the heat conduction cavity is provided with a hydrogen outlet, and the other end is provided with a fuel inlet; the reforming cavity is of a double-channel or multi-channel spiral structure, and a closed environment is formed by the reforming cavity and the sealing barrel; the spiral structure of the reforming cavity is provided with a temperature detecting hole. The device has the advantages of miniaturization, high efficiency, high integration and the like, and can effectively solve the problem of the local preparation of the hydrogen of the fuel cell; the cylinder sealing structure is adopted, so that hydrogen and air are completely isolated in the whole manufacturing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen production by reforming, in particular to a hydrogen production device by reforming suitable for a fuel cell and a using method thereof.
Background
The fuel cell has the characteristics of silence, environmental protection and the like as a current emerging power generation device, the main operation of the pile module is the process of carrying out chemical reaction on hydrogen and oxygen to release electric energy, but the hydrogen source is convenient to produce, store, transport and the like, has larger potential safety hazard and high cost, and the preparation and safety protection of the hydrogen source are more important particularly for a miniaturized and distributed fuel cell power generation system.
Due to the activity and molecular characteristics of hydrogen, in the application of the fuel cell, more devices and engineering costs are biased to the preparation of a hydrogen source, high-pressure storage, special transportation, safety protection and other aspects, the commercial application of the fuel cell power generation system is further influenced, and the fuel cell power generation system is difficult to popularize and apply; the safety of direct contact with air during the preparation process is low, and the preparation amount of hydrogen is not easy to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is the problem of the local preparation of hydrogen of the fuel cell, and the hydrogen is prepared by avoiding directly contacting air, and the invention aims to provide a reforming hydrogen production device for the fuel cell, which can solve the problem.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the reforming hydrogen production device comprises a baffle, a sealing cylinder, a reforming chamber, a flow distribution plate and a hydrogen distribution plate, wherein one end of the reforming chamber is connected with the baffle, the other end of the reforming chamber is connected with the flow distribution plate, the hydrogen distribution plate is connected with the flow distribution plate, and the sealing cylinder completely covers the reforming chamber. The sealing cylinder in the device is mainly used for sealing after filling reforming catalyst into the reforming cavity, so that the oxidation of the reforming catalyst is avoided, and meanwhile, the sealing cylinder is matched with the reforming cavity to form a gas flow channel.
The reforming chamber is used as a main component of the reforming hydrogen production device and comprises a hydrogen outlet, a heat conduction cavity, a fuel preheating cavity, a reforming cavity, a fuel inlet, fins, a temperature detection hole and the like, wherein the heat conduction cavity is positioned in the middle of the reforming chamber and is provided with a through hole penetrating through the reforming chamber, and the fins are arranged in the heat conduction cavity; the upper side and the lower side of the heat conduction cavity are provided with a fuel preheating cavity; the heat conduction cavity is provided with a hydrogen outlet and a fuel inlet; the reforming cavity is of a double-channel or multi-channel spiral structure, and a closed environment is formed between the reforming cavity and the sealing cylinder, so that the problem that a hydrogen source of the fuel cell is inflammable and explosive is solved; the spiral structure of reforming chamber is provided with the temperature probe hole, can monitor the temperature of whole reforming chamber through heat-transfer device, guarantees that the temperature of device can be stabilized at the required temperature of work. This device can let in high temperature fluid and carry out the heat supply to effectual fuel that will get into the reforming chamber has preheated, makes the fuel get into the reforming chamber and can carry out reforming hydrogen production reaction, and carries out abundant reforming reaction through the helicla flute, then exports the oxygen-enriched gas after converging in the baffle position.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the hydrogen outlet is connected with one spiral channel at one end of the reforming cavity, and the fuel inlet is connected with the other spiral channel at the same end of the reforming cavity.
Further: and the baffle is provided with a hole matched with the heat conducting cavity in size. The baffle plate in the device is mainly used for sealing and guiding preheated fuel into the reforming cavity.
The flow distribution plate is provided with holes matched with the heat conduction cavity in size; the flow distribution plate is connected with a fuel inlet joint matched with the fuel preheating cavity, and the fuel preheating cavity is communicated with the fuel inlet joint. The flow distribution plate in the device is mainly used for sealing preheated fuel and guiding the preheated fuel into the reforming cavity, and limiting obtained hydrogen to be discharged from the hydrogen outlet.
The hydrogen baffle is of a semi-annular structure and is provided with a hydrogen outlet connector, and the hydrogen outlet connector is communicated with the hydrogen outlet; the position of the semi-annular structure gap is matched with the fuel inlet joint. The hydrogen baffle in the device is mainly used for converging and outputting the hydrogen-rich gas generated in the reforming cavity.
A method of using a reforming hydrogen plant adapted for use in a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: a temperature detector is arranged in the temperature detecting hole;
step two: introducing heat source gas into the heat conducting cavity to preheat the reforming chamber;
step three: when the temperature detector detects that the temperature of the reforming chamber reaches the working temperature, fuel is introduced into the fuel preheating cavity through the fuel inlet to be vaporized;
step four: the vaporized fuel enters the reforming cavity and is mixed with a catalyst in the reforming cavity;
step five: after the fuel and the catalyst are mixed, the fuel and the catalyst react in the reforming cavity to generate hydrogen-rich gas;
step six: the produced hydrogen is discharged from the reforming cavity through a hydrogen outlet to be supplied to a fuel cell for power generation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the reforming hydrogen production device suitable for the fuel cell and the use method have the advantages of miniaturization, high efficiency, high integration and the like, and can effectively solve the problem of local hydrogen preparation of the fuel cell;
2. the invention relates to a reforming hydrogen production device suitable for a fuel cell and a using method thereof.A cylinder sealing structure is adopted to ensure that hydrogen and air are completely isolated in the whole manufacturing process;
3. the invention relates to a reforming hydrogen production device suitable for a fuel cell and a using method thereof.A reforming chamber structure in the device can effectively integrate the preheating and reforming of fuel without increasing a preheating source;
4. the reforming hydrogen production device has a circular spiral structure, can be compatible with a vertical or horizontal power generation system, reduces or even avoids the possible catalyst flooding phenomenon from the structural design, has more uniform temperature spread of the circular spiral structure, and simultaneously increases the fuel flowing length (time) on the premise of effective volume and improves the fuel reaction conversion rate;
5. the device adopts a fluid heat source for heat supply, is different from the conventional reformer in that ignition heat supply, avoids open fire combustion and improves the system safety.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a reforming hydrogen production apparatus and a method of use for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reforming hydrogen production apparatus and a method for using the same, which are applicable to a fuel cell, and a baffle structure in the apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reforming hydrogen production device and a use method thereof, wherein the structure of a sealing cylinder in the device is suitable for a fuel cell.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reforming hydrogen production device and a use method thereof, wherein the reforming chamber is applicable to a fuel cell.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reforming hydrogen production apparatus and a method for using the same, which are applicable to a fuel cell, and the structure of a flow distribution plate in the apparatus is shown.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-reforming apparatus and a method for using the same, in which a hydrogen baffle structure is shown.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-baffle, 2-cylinder, 3-reforming chamber, 4-splitter plate, 5-hydrogen baffle, 31-hydrogen outlet, 32-heat conducting cavity, 33-fuel preheating cavity, 34-reforming cavity, 35-fuel inlet, 36-fin, 37-thermodetector, 41-fuel inlet joint and 51-hydrogen outlet joint.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-6, a method for using a reforming hydrogen production apparatus suitable for a fuel cell includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a temperature detector is arranged in the temperature detecting hole 37;
step two: introducing heat source gas into the heat conducting cavity 32 to preheat the reforming chamber 3;
step three: when the temperature detector detects that the temperature of the reforming chamber 3 reaches the working temperature, fuel is introduced into the fuel preheating cavity 33 through the fuel inlet 35 for vaporization;
step four: the vaporized fuel enters the reforming chamber 34 and mixes with the catalyst in the reforming chamber 34;
step five: after the fuel and the catalyst are mixed, the fuel and the catalyst react in the reforming cavity 34 to generate hydrogen-rich gas;
step six: the produced hydrogen gas is discharged from the reforming chamber 34 through the hydrogen outlet 31 to be used for power generation of the fuel cell.
Example 2:
as shown in figures 1-6, the invention is made of heat-resistant high-heat-conductivity alloy material, and the material has the characteristics of good heat resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. An external fluid heat source is introduced into a heat transfer chamber 32 provided in the reformer chamber 3 to bring the entire reformer chamber 3 to a desired operating temperature (the operating temperature of the reforming catalyst, for example, a copper-based catalyst at about 220 degrees) by heat transfer. The reforming chamber 3 proposed in the present invention is provided with a fuel preheating chamber 33 for injecting the introduced fuel into the reforming chamber 34 after preheating and vaporizing the introduced fuel. The reforming chamber 3 of the present invention is provided with a reforming chamber 34, and the reforming chamber 34 is formed in a double-pass spiral structure. The reforming chamber 3 provided by the invention is filled with a catalyst, and can be used for catalytically reforming fuel into hydrogen-rich gas for power generation of a fuel cell. The reforming hydrogen production device for the fuel cell has the advantages of miniaturization, high efficiency, high integration and the like, solves the problem of hydrogen source of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, particularly the distributed and small fuel cell, completely isolates hydrogen from air in the hydrogen production process, solves the problems of flammability, explosiveness, difficult storage and difficult transportation of the hydrogen source of the fuel cell, has high integration degree compared with the conventional reformer, avoids the unreliability of a multi-pipeline welding process, and particularly reduces the influence of hydrogen brittleness; large section of reforming gas flow loop, no blocking after catalyst pulverization, high catalytic efficiency, large gas production per unit volume, no limitation to system layout mode, applicability to both vertical and horizontal types and the like.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1-6, a reforming hydrogen production apparatus suitable for a fuel cell includes a baffle plate 1, a cylinder 2, a reforming chamber 3, a flow dividing plate 4 and a hydrogen dividing plate 5, wherein one end of the reforming chamber 3 is connected to the baffle plate 1, the other end is connected to the flow dividing plate 4, the hydrogen dividing plate 5 is connected to the flow dividing plate 4, and the cylinder 2 completely covers the reforming chamber 3.
The reforming chamber 3 comprises a hydrogen outlet 31, a heat conduction cavity 32, a fuel preheating cavity 33, a reforming cavity 34, a fuel inlet 35, fins 36 and a temperature detecting hole 37, wherein the heat conduction cavity 32 is positioned in the middle of the reforming chamber 3 and is a through hole penetrating through the reforming chamber 3, and the fins 36 are arranged in the heat conduction cavity;
the upper side and the lower side of the heat conduction cavity 32 are provided with a fuel preheating cavity 33;
one end of the heat conduction cavity 32 is provided with a hydrogen outlet 31, and the other end is provided with a fuel inlet 35;
the reforming cavity 34 is of a double-channel or multi-channel spiral structure, and a closed environment is formed between the reforming cavity 34 and the cylinder seal 2;
the spiral structure of the reforming cavity 34 is provided with a temperature detecting hole 37.
The hydrogen outlet 31 is connected with one spiral channel at one end of the reforming cavity 34, and the fuel inlet 35 is connected with the other spiral channel at the same end of the reforming cavity 34.
The baffle plate 1 is provided with a hole matched with the heat conducting cavity 32 in size.
The flow distribution plate 4 is provided with holes matched with the heat conduction cavity 32 in size;
the flow dividing plate 4 is connected with a fuel inlet joint 41 matched with the fuel preheating cavity 33, and the fuel preheating cavity 33 is communicated with the fuel inlet joint 41.
The hydrogen baffle 5 is of a semi-annular structure and is provided with a hydrogen outlet joint 51, and the hydrogen outlet joint 51 is communicated with the hydrogen outlet 31;
the position of the semi-annular structure gap is matched with the position of the fuel inlet joint 41.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A reforming hydrogen production device suitable for a fuel cell is characterized by comprising a baffle (1), a sealing cylinder (2), a reforming chamber (3), a flow distribution plate (4) and a hydrogen baffle (5), wherein one end of the reforming chamber (3) is connected with the baffle (1), the other end of the reforming chamber is connected with the flow distribution plate (4), the hydrogen baffle (5) is connected with the flow distribution plate (4), and the sealing cylinder (2) is used for covering the reforming chamber (3) to form a space isolated from air;
the reforming chamber (3) comprises a hydrogen outlet (31), a heat conduction cavity (32), a fuel preheating cavity (33), a reforming cavity (34), a fuel inlet (35), fins (36) and a temperature detection hole (37), wherein the heat conduction cavity (32) is positioned in the middle of the reforming chamber (3) and is a through hole penetrating through the reforming chamber (3), and the inside of the heat conduction cavity is provided with the fins (36) for enhancing the heat conduction effect;
the upper side and the lower side of the heat conduction cavity (32) are provided with a fuel preheating cavity (33) for preheating fuel;
the heat conduction cavity (32) is provided with a hydrogen outlet (31) for discharging and collecting hydrogen and a fuel inlet (35) for introducing fuel;
the reforming cavity (34) is of a double-channel or multi-channel spiral structure, and a closed environment is formed between the reforming cavity (34) and the sealing cylinder (2);
the spiral structure of the reforming cavity (34) is provided with a temperature detecting hole (37) for installing a temperature detector.
2. A reforming hydrogen production device suitable for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen outlet (31) is connected to one spiral passage of the reforming chamber (34), and the fuel inlet (35) is connected to the other spiral passage of the reforming chamber (34).
3. A reformer hydrogen production apparatus suitable for fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle (1) is provided with holes with a size adapted to the heat conducting cavity (32), and the baffle (1) is used for sealing and guiding the preheated fuel into the reformer chamber (3).
4. A reformer hydrogen production apparatus suitable for fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that the splitter plate (4) is provided with holes of a size adapted to the heat conducting cavity (32), and the splitter plate (4) is used for sealing and guiding the preheated fuel into the reformer chamber (3);
the flow distribution plate (4) is connected with a fuel inlet joint (41) matched with the fuel preheating cavity (33), and the fuel preheating cavity (33) is communicated with the fuel inlet joint (41).
5. A reforming hydrogen production apparatus suitable for a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the hydrogen baffle plate (5) is of a semi-annular structure and is provided with a hydrogen outlet connector (51), the hydrogen outlet connector (51) is communicated with the hydrogen outlet (31), and the hydrogen baffle plate (5) is used for outputting the oxygen-enriched gas generated in the reforming chamber (3) to the hydrogen outlet (31);
the position of the semi-annular structure gap is matched with a fuel inlet joint (41).
6. The use method of the reforming hydrogen production device suitable for the fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a temperature detector is arranged in the temperature detecting hole (37);
step two: introducing heat source gas into the heat conducting cavity (32) to preheat the reforming chamber (3);
step three: when the temperature detector detects that the temperature of the reforming chamber (3) reaches the working temperature, fuel is introduced into the fuel preheating cavity (33) through the fuel inlet (35) for vaporization;
step four: the vaporized fuel enters the reforming cavity (34) and is mixed with the catalyst in the reforming cavity (34);
step five: after the fuel and the catalyst are mixed, the fuel and the catalyst react in the reforming cavity (34) to generate hydrogen-rich gas;
step six: the produced hydrogen is discharged out of the reforming cavity (34) through a hydrogen outlet (31) to be used for generating power by the fuel cell.
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| CN110357037A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Tail gas heating formula hydrogen from methyl alcohol reformer |
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| US6821501B2 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2004-11-23 | Shell Oil Company | Integrated flameless distributed combustion/steam reforming membrane reactor for hydrogen production and use thereof in zero emissions hybrid power system |
| US8821832B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2014-09-02 | UltraCell, L.L.C. | Fuel processor for use with portable fuel cells |
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