CN112170958B - Laser welding process for hard alloy cutter head containing transition layer - Google Patents

Laser welding process for hard alloy cutter head containing transition layer Download PDF

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CN112170958B
CN112170958B CN202011016778.3A CN202011016778A CN112170958B CN 112170958 B CN112170958 B CN 112170958B CN 202011016778 A CN202011016778 A CN 202011016778A CN 112170958 B CN112170958 B CN 112170958B
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transition layer
cutter head
cutter
welding process
laser welding
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CN112170958A (en
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柴辽江
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Jiangsu Youhe Tool Manufacturer Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D61/00Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
    • B23D61/02Circular saw blades
    • B23D61/028Circular saw blades of special material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D61/00Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
    • B23D61/02Circular saw blades
    • B23D61/025Details of saw blade body
    • B23D61/026Composite body, e.g. laminated, body of diverse material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D65/00Making tools for sawing machines or sawing devices for use in cutting any kind of material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a laser welding process for a hard alloy cutter head containing a transition layer, which particularly relates to the technical field of welding and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: and taking an alloy cutter head to be welded, polishing one end to be welded through sand paper, and removing an oxide layer on the surface. Through having adopted laser welding, it is long thoroughly to have changed former high frequency welding time, control by temperature change is not in place, welding temperature causes the strain to base member back of a knife blade part, hardness and fragility increase, lead to causing the back of a knife blade fragility in the use, produce the hidden danger that flies the tool bit and injure the people, welding time shortens greatly, basically, be zero to the strain of base member back of a knife blade part, and when welding through the transition layer, polish the cylinder into with the transition layer, can be more for even attached on the surface of tool bit when melting, and the transition layer material adopts embedded to be connected with the tool bit, in welding process, the transition layer material can be more stable, thereby the welding effect of tool bit has been increased.

Description

Laser welding process for hard alloy cutter head containing transition layer
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a laser welding process for a hard alloy cutter head containing a transition layer.
Background
The traditional process of the alloy saw blade uses high-frequency welding, and the traditional process of the alloy saw blade comprises the steps of alloy cutter head, transition soldering lug and matrix using high-frequency welding.
The prior art has the following defects: the existing welding process has long welding time and inadequate temperature control, the welding temperature causes strain on the knife back part of a matrix, the hardness and the brittleness are increased, the knife back is brittle and cracked in the using process, and a flying knife head is generated to hurt people.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a laser welding process for a hard alloy cutter head containing a transition layer, which adopts laser welding, thoroughly changes the problems that the original high-frequency welding time is long, the temperature is not controlled in place, the welding temperature causes strain on the cutter back part of a matrix, the hardness and brittleness are increased, the cutter back is cracked in the use process, the hidden danger that the flying cutter head hurts people is generated, the welding time is greatly shortened, the strain on the cutter back part of the matrix is basically zero, the transition layer is polished into a cylinder when being welded through the transition layer, the transition layer can be uniformly attached to the surface of the cutter head when being melted, the transition layer is connected with the cutter head in an embedded mode, the material of the transition layer is more stable in the welding process, and the welding effect of the material of the cutter head is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: a laser welding process for a hard alloy cutter head containing a transition layer comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking an alloy tool bit to be welded, polishing and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the end to be welded of the alloy tool bit through sand paper, and then cleaning polished scraps by using clear water;
step two: taking a transition layer material, polishing the transition layer material into a cylinder with a diameter slightly smaller than that of one end of the cutter head by polishing equipment, and then drilling a hole at one end, welded between the alloy cutter head and the welded cutter body, of the drill, wherein the size of the drilled hole is matched with that of the transition layer material of the cylinder;
step three: embedding two ends of a transition layer material of a cylinder into drill holes of the alloy tool bit and the tool body respectively, butting the alloy tool bit and the tool body through the transition layer material, and reserving a space with a certain size between the tool bit and the tool body;
step four: placing the alloy cutter head and the cutter body into a clamp for fixing, then starting a laser generator, irradiating the space reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body to the surface of the transition layer material, melting the transition layer, rotating the clamp in the melting process to enable laser to be uniformly irradiated on the surface of the transition layer material, pushing the clamps on two sides by a pushing mechanism until the cutter head and the cutter body are welded by the melted transition layer material, then closing the laser generator, and spraying cold air to accelerate the solidification of the transition layer;
step five: taking out the welded cutter head and the welded cutter body, and polishing and removing the redundant transition layer materials on the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body by using polishing equipment until the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body are smooth to form an integral complete cutter;
step six: putting the cutter into spraying equipment, spraying the antirust paint at the welding position passing through the transition layer, and then starting a dryer to accelerate the solidification of the paint;
step seven: installing a cutter on a lathe, processing a metal workpiece for a fixed time, then taking down the metal workpiece, and detecting whether a crack occurs at a welding position through scanning equipment;
step eight: and numbering the qualified cutters, then putting the qualified cutters into a warehouse, and welding and testing the cutters with cracks again through the laser generator until the cutters are qualified.
Further, the time for sanding by sand paper in the first step is 20min-40min, and the number of times of rinsing by clean water in the first step is 3-5 times.
Further, the diameter of the material of the cylindrical transition layer in the second step is 3cm-5cm, and the depth of the drill hole in the cutter head in the second step is 2cm-4cm.
Furthermore, the length of a space reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body in the third step is 3cm-5cm, and the material of the transition layer material in the third step is aluminum-silicon alloy.
Further, the pushing mechanism in the fourth step is specifically an air cylinder, the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is specifically nitrogen, and the temperature of the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is 2-4 ℃.
Further, the polishing time of the polishing equipment in the fifth step is 15min-30min.
Further, the spraying time of the spraying equipment for spraying each cutter in the sixth step is 3min-5min, the drying time of the dryer in the sixth step is 8min-10min, and the drying temperature of the cutter in the sixth step is 40 ℃ to 50 ℃.
Further, the specific material of the metal workpiece in the seventh step is manganese-iron alloy, and the testing time of the cutter in the seventh step is 1h-2h.
Further, the scanning device in the seventh step is specifically an infrared scanner, and the storage temperature of the knife in the eighth step is 20 ℃ to 40 ℃.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
through having adopted laser welding, it is long thoroughly to have changed former high frequency welding time, control by temperature change is not in place, welding temperature causes the strain to base member back of a knife blade part, hardness and fragility increase, lead to causing the back of a knife blade fragility in the use, produce the hidden danger that flies the tool bit and injure the people, welding time shortens greatly, basically, be zero to the strain of base member back of a knife blade part, and when welding through the transition layer, polish the cylinder into with the transition layer, can be more for even attached on the surface of tool bit when melting, and the transition layer material adopts embedded to be connected with the tool bit, in welding process, the transition layer material can be more stable, thereby the welding effect of tool bit has been increased.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head containing the transition layer comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking an alloy cutter head to be welded, polishing and removing an oxide layer on the surface of one end, to be welded, of the alloy cutter head through abrasive paper, and then cleaning polished scraps through clear water;
step two: taking a transition layer material, polishing the transition layer material into a cylinder with a diameter slightly smaller than that of one end of the cutter head through polishing equipment, and then drilling a hole at one end welded between the alloy cutter head and the welded cutter body through a drilling machine, wherein the size of the drilled hole is matched with the transition layer material of the cylinder;
step three: two ends of a transition layer material of the cylinder are respectively embedded into the drill holes of the alloy cutter head and the cutter body, the alloy cutter head is butted with the cutter body through the transition layer material, and a space with a certain size is reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body;
step four: placing the alloy cutter head and the cutter body into a clamp for fixing, then starting a laser generator, irradiating the space reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body to the surface of the transition layer material, melting the transition layer, rotating the clamp in the melting process to enable laser to be uniformly irradiated on the surface of the transition layer material, pushing the clamps on two sides by a pushing mechanism until the cutter head and the cutter body are welded by the melted transition layer material, then closing the laser generator, and spraying cold air to accelerate the solidification of the transition layer;
step five: taking out the welded cutter head and the welded cutter body, and polishing and removing the redundant transition layer materials on the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body by using polishing equipment until the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body are smooth to form an integral complete cutter;
step six: putting the cutter into spraying equipment, spraying the antirust paint at the welding position passing through the transition layer, and then starting a dryer to accelerate the solidification of the paint;
step seven: installing a cutter on a lathe, processing a metal workpiece for a fixed time, then taking down the metal workpiece, and detecting whether a crack occurs at a welding position through scanning equipment;
step eight: and numbering the qualified cutters, then putting the qualified cutters into a warehouse, and welding and testing the cutters with cracks again through the laser generator until the cutters are qualified.
Further, the time for sanding by using sand paper in the first step is 20min, and the number of times of rinsing by using clean water in the first step is 3.
Further, the diameter of the material of the cylindrical transition layer in the second step is 3cm, and the depth of the drill hole in the cutter head in the second step is 2cm.
Furthermore, the length of a space left between the cutter head and the cutter body in the third step is 3cm, and the material of the transition layer material in the third step is aluminum-silicon alloy.
Further, the pushing mechanism in the fourth step is specifically an air cylinder, the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is specifically nitrogen, and the temperature of the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is 2 ℃.
Further, the grinding time of the grinding equipment in the fifth step is 15min.
Further, the spraying time of the spraying equipment for spraying each cutter in the sixth step is 3min, the drying time of the dryer in the sixth step is 8min, and the drying temperature of the cutter in the sixth step is 40 ℃.
Further, the specific material of the metal workpiece in the seventh step is manganese-iron alloy, and the test time of the cutter in the seventh step is 1h.
Further, the scanning device in the seventh step is specifically an infrared scanner, and the storage temperature of the knives in the eighth step is 20 ℃.
Example 2:
a laser welding process for a hard alloy cutter head containing a transition layer comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking an alloy tool bit to be welded, polishing and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the end to be welded of the alloy tool bit through sand paper, and then cleaning polished scraps by using clear water;
step two: taking a transition layer material, polishing the transition layer material into a cylinder with a diameter slightly smaller than that of one end of the cutter head through polishing equipment, and then drilling a hole at one end welded between the alloy cutter head and the welded cutter body through a drilling machine, wherein the size of the drilled hole is matched with the transition layer material of the cylinder;
step three: two ends of a transition layer material of the cylinder are respectively embedded into the drill holes of the alloy cutter head and the cutter body, the alloy cutter head is butted with the cutter body through the transition layer material, and a space with a certain size is reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body;
step four: placing the alloy cutter head and the cutter body into a clamp for fixing, then starting a laser generator, irradiating the space reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body to the surface of the transition layer material, melting the transition layer, rotating the clamp in the melting process to enable laser to be uniformly irradiated on the surface of the transition layer material, pushing the clamps on two sides by a pushing mechanism until the cutter head and the cutter body are welded by the melted transition layer material, then closing the laser generator, and spraying cold air to accelerate the solidification of the transition layer;
step five: taking out the welded cutter head and the welded cutter body, and polishing and removing the redundant transition layer materials on the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body by using polishing equipment until the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body are smooth to form an integral complete cutter;
step six: putting the cutter into spraying equipment, spraying the antirust paint at the welding position passing through the transition layer, and then starting a dryer to accelerate the solidification of the paint;
step seven: installing a cutter on a lathe, processing a metal workpiece for a fixed time, then taking down the metal workpiece, and detecting whether a crack occurs at a welding position through scanning equipment;
step eight: and numbering the qualified cutters, then putting the qualified cutters into a warehouse, and welding and testing the cutters with cracks again through the laser generator until the cutters are qualified.
Further, the time for sanding by using sand paper in the first step is 30min, and the number of times of rinsing by using clean water in the first step is 4.
Further, the diameter of the material of the cylindrical transition layer in the second step is 4cm, and the depth of the drill hole in the cutter head in the second step is 3cm.
Further, the space length left between the cutter head and the cutter body in the third step is 4cm, and the material of the transition layer material in the third step is aluminum-silicon alloy.
Further, the pushing mechanism in the fourth step is specifically an air cylinder, the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is specifically nitrogen, and the temperature of the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is 3 ℃.
Further, the grinding time of the grinding equipment in the fifth step is 20min.
Further, the spraying time of the spraying equipment for spraying each cutter in the sixth step is 4min, the drying time of the dryer in the sixth step is 9min, and the drying temperature of the cutter in the sixth step is 45 ℃.
Further, the specific material of the metal workpiece in the seventh step is manganese-iron alloy, and the test time of the cutter in the seventh step is 1h.
Further, the scanning device in the seventh step is specifically an infrared scanner, and the storage temperature of the tool in the eighth step is 30 ℃.
Example 3:
a laser welding process for a hard alloy cutter head containing a transition layer comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking an alloy tool bit to be welded, polishing and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the end to be welded of the alloy tool bit through sand paper, and then cleaning polished scraps by using clear water;
step two: taking a transition layer material, polishing the transition layer material into a cylinder with a diameter slightly smaller than that of one end of the cutter head through polishing equipment, and then drilling a hole at one end welded between the alloy cutter head and the welded cutter body through a drilling machine, wherein the size of the drilled hole is matched with the transition layer material of the cylinder;
step three: two ends of a transition layer material of the cylinder are respectively embedded into the drill holes of the alloy cutter head and the cutter body, the alloy cutter head is butted with the cutter body through the transition layer material, and a space with a certain size is reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body;
step four: placing the alloy cutter head and the cutter body into a clamp for fixing, then starting a laser generator, irradiating the space reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body to the surface of the transition layer material, melting the transition layer, rotating the clamp in the melting process to enable laser to be uniformly irradiated on the surface of the transition layer material, pushing the clamps on two sides by a pushing mechanism until the cutter head and the cutter body are welded by the melted transition layer material, then closing the laser generator, and spraying cold air to accelerate the solidification of the transition layer;
step five: taking out the welded cutter head and the welded cutter body, and polishing and removing the redundant transition layer materials on the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body by using polishing equipment until the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body are smooth to form an integral complete cutter;
step six: putting the cutter into spraying equipment, spraying the antirust paint at the welding position passing through the transition layer, and then starting a dryer to accelerate the solidification of the paint;
step seven: installing a cutter on a lathe, processing a metal workpiece for a fixed time, then taking down the metal workpiece, and detecting whether a crack occurs at a welding position through scanning equipment;
step eight: and numbering the qualified cutters, putting the cutters into a warehouse, and welding and testing the cutters with cracks again through the laser generator until the cutters are qualified.
Further, the time for sanding through sand paper in the first step is 40min, and the number of times of rinsing through clear water in the first step is 5.
Further, the diameter of the material of the cylindrical transition layer in the second step is 5cm, and the depth of the drill hole in the cutter head in the second step is 4cm.
Furthermore, the length of a space reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body in the third step is 5cm, and the material of the transition layer material in the third step is aluminum-silicon alloy.
Further, the pushing mechanism in the fourth step is specifically an air cylinder, the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is specifically nitrogen, and the temperature of the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is 4 ℃.
Further, the grinding time of the grinding equipment in the fifth step is 30min.
Further, the spraying time of the spraying equipment for spraying each cutter in the sixth step is 5min, the drying time of the dryer in the sixth step is 10min, and the drying temperature of the cutter in the sixth step is 50 ℃.
Further, the specific material of the metal workpiece in the seventh step is manganese-iron alloy, and the test time of the cutter in the seventh step is 2 hours.
Further, the scanning device in the seventh step is specifically an infrared scanner, and the storage temperature of the tool in the eighth step is 40 ℃.
Example 4:
the following data were obtained by taking the tools welded by the methods of examples 1 to 3, respectively, testing the properties of the tools, and comparing the data detected in examples 1 to 3:
Figure GDA0003938377640000071
Figure GDA0003938377640000081
as can be seen from the above table, the welding time in example 3 is short, and the high temperature resistance after welding is good, and at the same time, the impact resistance is good.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (9)

1. A laser welding process for a hard alloy cutter head containing a transition layer is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking an alloy tool bit to be welded, polishing and removing an oxide layer on the surface of one end, to be welded, of the alloy tool bit through abrasive paper, and then cleaning polished scraps through clear water;
step two: taking a transition layer material, polishing the transition layer material into a cylinder with a diameter slightly smaller than that of one end of the cutter head through polishing equipment, and then drilling the end, welded with the cutter body, of the alloy cutter head through a drilling machine, wherein the size of the drilled hole is matched with that of the transition layer material of the cylinder;
step three: two ends of a transition layer material of the cylinder are respectively embedded into the drill holes of the alloy cutter head and the cutter body, the alloy cutter head is butted with the cutter body through the transition layer material, and a space with a certain size is reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body;
step four: placing the alloy cutter head and the cutter body into a clamp for fixing, then starting a laser generator, irradiating the space reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body to the surface of the transition layer material, melting the transition layer, rotating the clamp in the melting process to enable laser to be uniformly irradiated on the surface of the transition layer material, pushing the clamps on two sides by a pushing mechanism until the cutter head and the cutter body are welded by the melted transition layer material, then closing the laser generator, and spraying cold air to accelerate the solidification of the transition layer;
step five: taking out the welded cutter head and the welded cutter body, and polishing and removing the redundant transition layer materials on the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body by using polishing equipment until the surfaces of the cutter head and the cutter body are smooth to form an integral complete cutter;
step six: putting the cutter into spraying equipment, spraying the antirust paint at the welding position passing through the transition layer, and then starting a dryer to accelerate the solidification of the paint;
step seven: installing a cutter on a lathe, processing a metal workpiece for a fixed time, then taking down the metal workpiece, and detecting whether a crack occurs at a welding part through scanning equipment;
step eight: and numbering the qualified cutters, putting the cutters into a warehouse, and welding and testing the cutters with cracks again through the laser generator until the cutters are qualified.
2. The laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head containing the transition layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding process comprises the following steps: the time for polishing through sand paper in the first step is 20-40 min, and the number of times of rinsing with clear water in the first step is 3-5.
3. The laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head containing the transition layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding process comprises the following steps: in the second step, the diameter of the material of the cylindrical transition layer is 3cm-5cm, and the depth of the drill hole on the cutter head in the second step is 2cm-4cm.
4. The laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head containing the transition layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding process comprises the following steps: and the length of a space reserved between the cutter head and the cutter body in the third step is 3cm-5cm, and the material of the transition layer material in the third step is aluminum-silicon alloy.
5. The laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head containing the transition layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding process comprises the following steps: the pushing mechanism in the fourth step is specifically an air cylinder, the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is specifically nitrogen, and the temperature of the cold air sprayed in the fourth step is 2-4 ℃.
6. The laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head containing the transition layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding process comprises the following steps: and the grinding time of the grinding equipment in the fifth step is 15-30 min.
7. The laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head containing the transition layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding process comprises the following steps: the spraying time of the spraying equipment for spraying each cutter in the sixth step is 3min-5min, the drying time of the dryer in the sixth step is 8min-10min, and the drying temperature of the cutters in the sixth step is 40 ℃ to 50 ℃.
8. The laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head with the transition layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding process comprises the following steps: the specific material of the metal workpiece in the seventh step is manganese-iron alloy, and the testing time of the cutter in the seventh step is 1h-2h.
9. The laser welding process for the hard alloy cutter head containing the transition layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser welding process comprises the following steps: the scanning device in the seventh step is specifically an infrared scanner, and the storage temperature of the cutters in the eighth step is 20-40 ℃.
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