CN112170475A - Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent and remediation method - Google Patents
Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent and remediation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112170475A CN112170475A CN202010937045.7A CN202010937045A CN112170475A CN 112170475 A CN112170475 A CN 112170475A CN 202010937045 A CN202010937045 A CN 202010937045A CN 112170475 A CN112170475 A CN 112170475A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy metal contaminated soil repairing agent and a repairing method. Belongs to the technical field of soil remediation. The repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of bentonite, 40-55 parts of mushroom bran, 15-28 parts of shell powder, 6-18 parts of natural zeolite, 20-35 parts of sea foam mud and 12-24 parts of nitrogen fertilizer. The repairing method comprises the following steps: loosening soil, and screening out part of metal waste residues in the soil in a magnetic separation mode; applying a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent, and watering until the water content of the soil is 10-20%; planting and repairing plants after watering for 10-20 days; and (5) managing after planting. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the operation is simple, the use effect is good, the large-scale popularization is easy, and the secondary pollution is avoided; the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent can adsorb and chelate heavy metal ions, promote soil to be fluffy, and improve moisture retention and air permeability; the magnetic separation, the repairing agent repairing and the plant repairing method act together, and the repairing effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent and a remediation method.
Background
Heavy metal contaminated soil not only causes the productivity of the soil to be reduced and the yield of grains is reduced, but also can be accumulated in plants and animals and enter food chains, or enter human respiratory tracts through contaminated air, and then have strong interaction with proteins, enzymes and the like after entering human bodies to cause the inactivation of the plants and animals, and can also be accumulated in some organs of the human bodies and harm health. And the pollution has the characteristics of long-term property, concealment and irreversibility, so the method is very important for repairing the heavy metal pollution of the soil.
The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method comprises the following steps: (1) physical repair: a soil air stripping technology, a stabilization/solidification repair technology, a vitrification technology, a heat treatment technology and an electric knife repair technology; (2) biological repair: microbial remediation techniques, phytoremediation techniques and phytosolidification techniques; (3) chemical repair: soil leaching technology, oxidation reduction technology, chemical dehalogenation technology and solvent extraction technology. However, these remediation methods either cannot completely eliminate heavy metals in the soil or bring new pollutants, and have some disadvantages in the practical application process.
In conclusion, how to provide a method for remedying the heavy metal contaminated soil, which has a good remediation effect and does not cause secondary pollution, is a problem to be urgently solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent and a remediation method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of bentonite, 40-55 parts of mushroom bran, 15-28 parts of shell powder, 6-18 parts of natural zeolite, 20-35 parts of sea foam mud and 12-24 parts of nitrogen fertilizer.
The beneficial effects are as follows: (1) the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent can adsorb and chelate heavy metal ions, promote soil to be fluffy, and improve moisture retention and air permeability. (2) Cadmium metal in the polluted soil can kill part of microorganisms in the soil, and the part of microorganisms can provide nutrients of nitrogen elements for the soil, so that the soil with high cadmium metal content is very lack of the nitrogen elements. (3) The main raw material of the sea foam mud is sea foam mud powder which is a pure natural, nontoxic and tasteless hydrated magnesium silicate clay mineral, has the largest specific surface area and a unique content pore canal structure in non-metallic minerals, and is a clay mineral with strong adsorption capacity. (4) The bentonite mixed in the soil can stimulate the nitrogen fixation effect of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and promote the growth of plants. (5) The mushroom bran is obtained by cultivating edible mushroom with straw, sawdust, etc. and the remainder of the culture medium is the composite of edible mushroom mycelium residue and coarse fiber, etc. with the structure being changed by enzymolysis of edible mushroom. The mushroom bran is a good organic fertilizer, and after the mushroom bran is applied to soil, the physicochemical property of the soil can be further improved, the organic matter content of the soil can be increased, the formation and the conversion of soil humus and granular groups can be promoted, and the water retention performance and the soil fertility of the soil can be improved. (6) The main component of the shell powder is calcium carbonate, carbonate precipitates are formed in soil to stabilize heavy metals, and meanwhile, the flaky micro-layer structure of the shell powder also has a certain adsorption effect on the heavy metals. (7) The interior of the zeolite is filled with fine pores and channels, so that heavy metal pollutants such as cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead, arsenic and the like in soil can be effectively removed.
Further, the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 66-74 parts of bentonite, 40-47 parts of mushroom bran, 21-28 parts of shell powder, 6-14 parts of natural zeolite, 25-35 parts of sea foam mud and 16-24 parts of nitrogen fertilizer.
Further, the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of bentonite, 42 parts of mushroom bran, 23 parts of shell powder, 10 parts of natural zeolite, 31 parts of blister mud and 20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer.
Further, the nitrogen fertilizer is ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, urea, ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride.
A heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method comprises the following steps:
(1) loosening soil, and screening out part of metal waste residues in the soil in a magnetic separation mode;
(2) then applying the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent to the soil, and watering until the water content of the soil is 10-20%;
(3) planting and repairing plants after watering for 10-20 days;
(4) and (5) managing after planting.
The beneficial effects are as follows: (1) the magnetic separation method is used for adsorbing heavy metal pollutants in the soil, has the advantages of large adsorption capacity and good adsorption selectivity, and can realize the purpose of purifying the soil. (2) The soil fertility is further enhanced through planting the restoration plants in the heavy metal soil, the chelating effect is promoted to a certain extent, the plant growth has the effect of absorbing and enriching heavy metal components in the soil, and the heavy metal pollution of the soil is further eliminated.
Further, the specific operation of the step (1) is as follows:
(11) loosening soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to 8-15%;
(12) uniformly adding a magnetic adsorption material into the soil, wherein the adding amount is 15-38 kg/mu;
(13) keeping the water content of the soil at 8-15%, and collecting the magnetic adsorption material in the soil after one week.
Further, the magnetic adsorption material is magnetized active carbon or magnetized adsorption material CuFe2O4。
Further, the application amount of the heavy metal polluted soil remediation agent in the step (2) is 40-80 kg/mu.
Further, the repair plant is ciliate desert-grass, purpleflower Thalasia, madder or safflower.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the operation is simple, the use effect is good, the large-scale popularization is easy, the secondary pollution is avoided, and the environment is protected; (2) the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent can adsorb and chelate heavy metal ions, promote soil to be fluffy, and improve moisture retention and air permeability; (3) the magnetic separation, the repairing agent repairing and the plant repairing method act together, the synergy is realized, and the repairing effect is good.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The required medicament is a conventional experimental medicament purchased from a market channel; the unrecited experimental method is a conventional experimental method, and is not described in detail herein.
Example 1
The heavy metal contaminated soil repairing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
60kg of bentonite, 40kg of mushroom bran, 15kg of shell powder, 6kg of natural zeolite, 20kg of sea foam mud and 12kg of ammonium bicarbonate.
The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method comprises the following steps:
(1) loosening soil, and screening out partial metal waste residues in the soil in a magnetic separation mode:
(11) loosening soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to 8%;
(12) uniformly adding magnetized active carbon into the soil, wherein the adding amount is 15 kg/mu;
(13) keeping the water content of the soil at 8%, and collecting magnetized active carbon in the soil after one week;
(2) then applying a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent to the soil, wherein the application amount is 40 kg/mu, and watering until the water content of the soil is 10%;
(3) planting ciliate desert-grass after watering for 10 days;
(4) and (5) managing after planting.
Example 2
The heavy metal contaminated soil repairing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
80kg of bentonite, 55kg of mushroom bran, 28kg of shell powder, 18kg of natural zeolite, 35kg of sea foam mud and 24kg of ammonium sulfate.
The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method comprises the following steps:
(1) loosening soil, and screening out partial metal waste residues in the soil in a magnetic separation mode:
(11) loosening soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to 15%;
(12) then evenly adding a magnetized adsorbing material CuFe into the soil2O4The adding amount is 38 kg/mu;
(13) keeping the water content of the soil at 15 percent, and collecting the magnetic adsorption material CuFe in the soil after one week2O4；
(2) Then applying a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent to the soil, wherein the application amount is 80 kg/mu, and watering until the water content of the soil is 20%;
(3) planting Thalassimus alata L.after watering for 20 days;
(4) and (5) managing after planting.
Example 3
The heavy metal contaminated soil repairing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
66kg of bentonite, 40kg of mushroom bran, 21kg of shell powder, 6kg of natural zeolite, 25kg of sea foam mud and 16kg of urea.
The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method comprises the following steps:
(1) loosening soil, and screening out partial metal waste residues in the soil in a magnetic separation mode:
(11) loosening soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to 10%;
(12) uniformly adding magnetized active carbon into the soil, wherein the adding amount is 20 kg/mu;
(13) keeping the water content of the soil to be 10%, and collecting magnetized active carbon in the soil after one week;
(2) then applying a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent to the soil, wherein the application amount is 60 kg/mu, and watering until the water content of the soil is 15%;
(3) watering for 10-20 days, and planting madder;
(4) and (5) managing after planting.
Example 4
The heavy metal contaminated soil repairing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
74kg of bentonite, 47kg of mushroom bran, 28kg of shell powder, 14kg of natural zeolite, 35kg of sea foam mud and 24kg of ammonium nitrate.
The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method comprises the following steps:
(1) loosening soil, and screening out partial metal waste residues in the soil in a magnetic separation mode:
(11) loosening soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to be 12%;
(12) then evenly adding a magnetized adsorbing material CuFe into the soil2O4The adding amount is 24 kg/mu;
(13) keeping the water content of the soil at 12 percent, and collecting the magnetic adsorbing material CuFe in the soil after one week2O4；
(2) Then applying a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent to the soil, wherein the application amount is 60 kg/mu, and watering until the water content of the soil is 18%;
(3) watering for 14 days, and planting safflower;
(4) and (5) managing after planting.
Example 5
The heavy metal contaminated soil repairing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
70kg of bentonite, 42kg of mushroom bran, 23kg of shell powder, 10kg of natural zeolite, 31kg of sea foam mud and 20kg of ammonium chloride.
The method for remedying the heavy metal contaminated soil was the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 1
The heavy metal contaminated soil repairing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
40kg of bentonite, 42kg of mushroom bran, 52kg of shell powder, 10kg of natural zeolite, 15kg of sea foam mud and 8kg of ammonium chloride.
The method for remedying the heavy metal contaminated soil was the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 2
The formula of the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent is the same as that in example 5.
The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method comprises the following steps:
(1) applying a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent to the soil, wherein the application amount is 60 kg/mu, and watering until the water content of the soil is 18%;
(2) watering for 14 days, and planting safflower;
(3) and (5) managing after planting.
Comparative example 3
The formula of the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent is the same as that in example 5.
The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method comprises the following steps:
(1) loosening soil, and screening out partial metal waste residues in the soil in a magnetic separation mode:
(11) loosening soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to be 12%;
(12) then evenly adding a magnetized adsorbing material CuFe into the soil2O4The adding amount is 24 kg/mu;
(13) keeping the water content of the soil at 12 percent, and collecting the magnetic adsorbing material CuFe in the soil after one week2O4；
(2) And then applying a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent to the soil, wherein the application amount is 60 kg/mu, and watering until the water content of the soil is 18%.
Experiment 1
And (4) measuring the content of heavy metal in the soil before and after remediation.
(1) Measurement target: the heavy metal content in the soil before and after remediation (measured 6 months after the original content and the plants for remediation) in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3.
(2) Measurement items: lead content, chromium content, mercury content and cadmium content in the soil.
(3) The determination method comprises the following steps: and (3) measuring by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry.
(4) And (3) measuring results: the measurement results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 heavy metal ion content (mg/kg) in soil before and after remediation
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, (1) the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent of the invention can adsorb and sequester heavy metal ions through reasonable compatibility, and has good remediation performance; (2) the magnetic separation, the repairing agent repairing and the plant repairing method act together, the synergy is realized, and the repairing effect is good.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of bentonite, 40-55 parts of mushroom bran, 15-28 parts of shell powder, 6-18 parts of natural zeolite, 20-35 parts of sea foam mud and 12-24 parts of nitrogen fertilizer.
2. The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent of claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 66-74 parts of bentonite, 40-47 parts of mushroom bran, 21-28 parts of shell powder, 6-14 parts of natural zeolite, 25-35 parts of sea foam mud and 16-24 parts of nitrogen fertilizer.
3. The heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent of claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 70 parts of bentonite, 42 parts of mushroom bran, 23 parts of shell powder, 10 parts of natural zeolite, 31 parts of blister mud and 20 parts of nitrogen fertilizer.
4. The agent for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, urea, ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride.
5. The method for restoring the heavy metal contaminated soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) loosening soil, and screening out part of metal waste residues in the soil in a magnetic separation mode;
(2) applying the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent of any one of claims 1 to 3 to the soil, and watering until the soil moisture content is 10 to 20%;
(3) planting and repairing plants after watering for 10-20 days;
(4) and (5) managing after planting.
6. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 5, wherein the step (1) comprises the following specific operations:
(11) loosening soil, and adjusting the water content of the soil to 8-15%;
(12) uniformly adding a magnetic adsorption material into the soil, wherein the adding amount is 15-38 kg/mu;
(13) keeping the water content of the soil at 8-15%, and collecting the magnetic adsorption material in the soil after one week.
7. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the magnetic adsorption material is magnetizedActivated carbon or magnetized adsorbent material CuFe2O4。
8. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 5, wherein the application amount of the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation agent in the step (2) is 40-80 kg/mu.
9. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 5, wherein the remediating plant is ciliate desert-grass, purpleflower henna, madder or safflower.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113210413A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-06 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) | Method for repairing heavy metal cadmium and continuous cropping obstacles in facility agriculture soil |
| CN114431053A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-06 | 重庆市奉节县多品农业发展有限公司 | Green high-yield soil remediation method for navel oranges in old orchard |
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