CN112169803A - Porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112169803A CN112169803A CN202011244333.0A CN202011244333A CN112169803A CN 112169803 A CN112169803 A CN 112169803A CN 202011244333 A CN202011244333 A CN 202011244333A CN 112169803 A CN112169803 A CN 112169803A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- porous carbon
- modified
- metal oxide
- parts
- nano metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical class O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- YMTQMTSQMKJKPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diphenoxide Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 YMTQMTSQMKJKPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001116 FEMA 4028 Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011175 beta-cyclodextrine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229960004853 betadex Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000036619 pore blockages Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical class NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 zinc aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc ferrite Chemical compound O=[Zn].O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/2808—Pore diameter being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28083—Pore diameter being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28085—Pore diameter being more than 50 nm, i.e. macropores
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/80—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with zinc, cadmium or mercury
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- B01J35/39—
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- B01J35/643—
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- B01J35/647—
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- B01J35/651—
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
Abstract
The invention discloses a porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and a preparation method thereof, wherein the porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide is prepared from modified acrylic resin, modified polyvinyl chloride and modified cyclodextrin, and the mass ratio of the modified acrylic resin to the modified polyvinyl chloride to the modified cyclodextrin is 100: (160-180): (78-100). According to the invention, through the arrangement of the porous carbon structure, the average pore diameters of the middle-layer porous carbon, the outer-layer porous carbon and the inner-layer porous carbon are adjusted, pollutants can be adsorbed, particles are prevented from entering an inner cavity of the porous carbon, pore blockage is avoided, the water treatment rate is not influenced, the inner pore diameter of the middle-layer porous carbon is larger, the load of metal oxides is improved, the water treatment efficiency is improved, the middle-layer porous carbon is connected and fixed with the inner-layer porous carbon and the outer-layer porous carbon, the inner-layer porous carbon supports the structure of the porous carbon in cooperation with the outer-layer porous carbon, the mechanical property of the porous carbon is.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The progress of science and technology is usually accompanied with the pollution of resources, water is affected by harmful chemical substances, so that the use value of the water is reduced, organisms in the water die, water resources such as drinking water sources and landscape water are polluted, the water quality is deteriorated, and the like, and the water treatment is a measure for ensuring the water quality to reach a certain use standard. Porous carbon and metal oxides are commonly used for water treatment, wherein the porous carbon has a developed pore structure and an excellent specific surface area, so that the porous carbon has good adsorption performance, adsorbs pollutants in water, and removes suspended matters, bacteria, insect eggs and the like in the water; the metal oxide has better adsorption capacity to most inorganic ions and partial organic matters after being activated, and in the practical application of water treatment, porous carbon is utilized to load the metal oxide, and the common porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide is prepared by mixing the organic matters and metal salt and performing high-temperature heat treatment, and has the advantages of small size, low strength and low rigidity. Therefore, we propose a porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide for water treatment and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide is prepared from modified acrylic resin, modified polyvinyl chloride and modified cyclodextrin, and the mass ratio of the modified acrylic resin to the modified polyvinyl chloride to the modified cyclodextrin is 100: (160-180): (78-100).
Further, the modified acrylic resin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of acrylic resin, 30-50 parts of zinc acrylate resin, 0.8-1.2 parts of tetrabutyl titanate and 0.3-0.7 part of ferric nitrate.
Further, the modified polyvinyl chloride is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100-132 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1.2-2 parts of zinc stearate, 6-8 parts of aluminum stearate, 1-1.5 parts of zinc borate and 1-1.5 parts of ferric oxide hydroxide.
Further, the modified cyclodextrin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 18-24 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1.2-2.4 parts of phenol, 2-3 parts of zinc hydroxide, 10-16 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 2-5 parts of aluminum powder.
A porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) preparing modified cyclodextrin;
2) preparing modified polyvinyl chloride;
3) preparing modified acrylic resin;
4) preparing the porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide.
Further, the step 1) comprises the following steps:
heating phenol and zinc hydroxide together to obtain zinc phenolate, and dissolving in anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc phenolate solution;
adding nano silicon dioxide and aluminum powder modified by a silane coupling agent into a zinc phenolate solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixed solution;
and (2) taking beta-cyclodextrin to prepare saturated suspension, slowly adding the mixed solution, stirring for 60-90 min, standing for 24-36 h at the temperature of 0-6 ℃ in the dark, performing suction filtration, and performing vacuum drying to prepare powder to obtain the modified cyclodextrin.
Further, the step 2) comprises the following steps:
adding ammonia water and calcium hydroxide aqueous solution into acetone to prepare a mixed solution;
taking polyvinyl chloride, respectively adding zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride;
adding modified cyclodextrin, uniformly mixing, stirring for 5-10 min at the temperature of 75-80 ℃, extruding in a screw extruder at the temperature of 140-170 ℃ to form particles, placing in a mixed solvent, immersing at the temperature of 0-5 ℃, stirring at a low speed for 15-25 min, cleaning, and drying to obtain the clathrate A.
Further, the step 3) comprises the following steps:
adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously stirring while adding, adding glacial acetic acid, and mixing to obtain tetrabutyl titanate solution;
mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, adding ferric nitrate, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH value of a solution system to be alkaline to prepare a ferric nitrate solution;
mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution with ferric nitrate solution, and modifying by using a coupling agent to prepare modified titanium dioxide;
adding a solvent into acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, adding zinc acrylate resin, heating to 50-75 ℃, adding modified titanium dioxide, adding a surfactant, stirring at a high speed for 30-45 min, adding ammonia water, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified acrylic resin;
and adding the clathrate A, stirring and mixing, standing for 12-20 min, taking out and drying to obtain the clathrate B.
In the technical scheme, the zinc phenate, the nano silicon dioxide and the aluminum powder prepared in the step 1) are loaded on the outer surface and the inner cavity of the beta-cyclodextrin to form micropores in subsequent high-temperature treatment, so that pollutants in water are adsorbed, and the water treatment capacity of the porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide is realized;
step 2), the zinc stearate and the aluminum stearate have excellent heat deformation resistance, and can fix a frame of polyvinyl chloride while providing metal ions, improve the thermal stability of the polyvinyl chloride, prevent the prepared middle-layer porous carbon from deforming, absorb HCl removed by the polyvinyl chloride during high-temperature treatment, and promote the degradation of the polyvinyl chloride; the zinc borate and the ferric oxide hydroxide can provide metal ions and catalyze the polyvinyl chloride to form carbon at the same time, so that the flame retardance and smoke abatement are realized; polyvinyl chloride is mixed with materials, modified cyclodextrin is wrapped and then placed in mixed solution for swelling, the pores of the prepared middle-layer porous carbon are expanded, a foundation is provided for realizing the porous carbon, metal oxide formed after high-temperature treatment is loaded in the larger pores, a microporous structure is formed, and the improvement of the water treatment capacity of the prepared porous carbon loaded with nano metal oxide is promoted;
step 3) tetrabutyl titanate is mixed with ferric nitrate solution, titanium dioxide generated by hydrolyzing and sintering tetrabutyl titanate is rutile type in an alkaline environment, the crystal structure is stable, the tetrabutyl titanate is easy to be uniformly dispersed in a material system, acrylic resin is emulsified to prepare emulsion, pores with larger pore diameters are formed after the emulsion is subjected to high-temperature treatment, pores with smaller pore diameters are formed on the outer surface of the emulsion, modified polyvinyl chloride is wrapped by multiple groups of emulsion, outer-layer porous carbon is formed after the high-temperature treatment, the prepared outer-layer porous carbon can increase the pore diameters in the outer-layer porous carbon while keeping the small pore diameters on the surface, the specific surface area of the outer-layer porous carbon is increased, the contact area with a water body is increased, and metal oxides can be more favorably loaded on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pores prepared by the;
the modified polyvinyl chloride is included by the modified acrylic resin, the modified cyclodextrin is included by the modified polyvinyl chloride to form a double inclusion structure, a three-layer porous carbon structure can be formed after high-temperature treatment, and the modified acrylic resin, the modified polyvinyl chloride and the modified cyclodextrin respectively correspond to the outer-layer porous carbon, the middle-layer porous carbon and the inner-layer porous carbon;
the average pore diameter of the outer-layer porous carbon and the average pore diameter of the middle-layer porous carbon are larger, the outer-layer porous carbon and the middle-layer porous carbon are mesopores and macropores, so that an adsorption channel of the prepared porous carbon for pollutants is formed, the average pore diameter of the inner-layer porous carbon is smaller and is micropores, metal oxides are loaded in pores in the three-layer porous carbon and the surface of the outer-layer porous carbon, the metal oxides have a micropore structure, and the micropore structure forms an adsorption structure, so that the adsorption effect of the prepared porous carbon on loading of nanometer metal oxides is improved;
when carrying out water treatment, outer porous charcoal is adsorbing the pollutant, can prevent simultaneously that the pollutant granule from getting into the inner chamber of porous charcoal, avoid causing outer porous charcoal hole to block up, influence the speed that rivers pass through porous charcoal, specific surface area is great in the porous charcoal of middle level, can load more metallic oxide, improve water treatment's efficiency, fixed inlayer porous charcoal and outer porous charcoal are connected to middle level porous charcoal, the porous charcoal of inlayer disperses in the porous charcoal of middle level, form the skeleton of porous charcoal, support the structure of porous charcoal in coordination with outer porous charcoal, improve the rigidity of porous charcoal, intensity.
Further, the step 4) comprises the following steps:
performing microwave treatment on the inclusion B for 5-8 min, then performing high-temperature treatment for 90-120 min at the temperature of 250-300 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, heating to 700-800 ℃ at the heating rate of 8-16 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 20-40 min;
and (3) cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 200-300 ℃ for 5-8 min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
In the technical scheme, the modified acrylic resin is subjected to microwave treatment to fix groups in a system, so that the reaction among the groups is prevented, the system structure is prevented from being influenced, the average distribution of the pore diameters of porous carbon in each layer is promoted, and the mutual interference is avoided; in the heat treatment process, the modified acrylic resin is cured, a system forms a core-shell structure, the modified polyvinyl chloride positioned in the middle layer starts to degrade, HCl is removed, the modified polyvinyl chloride contains zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, the HCl can be prevented from overflowing while the modified polyvinyl chloride is catalyzed to form carbon, the HCl contacts beta-cyclodextrin, the modified cyclodextrin is promoted to be decomposed to generate sugar, excessive expansion in subsequent high-temperature cracking is prevented, and the small-aperture porous carbon loaded with metal oxide is formed; the porous carbon has the advantages that the porous carbon has high carbon forming amount, high quality and good regularity through combination of materials, can keep high integrity, improves the rigidity of the prepared product, improves the transfer difficulty of gas products and heat, and is beneficial to flame retardance and smoke suppression during high-temperature heat treatment;
the modified cyclodextrin contains zinc hydroxide, nano silicon oxide and aluminum powder to provide metal ions, and after high-temperature treatment, the inner-layer porous carbon can generate zinc oxide, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide and can generate zinc aluminate in subsequent high-temperature oxidation;
because the modified polyvinyl chloride contains zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide and ferric oxide are generated in the middle-layer porous carbon after high-temperature treatment, ferric aluminate, zinc ferrite and other substances are generated after high-temperature oxidation, and a plurality of metal compounds are doped to form a porous structure, so that the adsorption capacity of the prepared porous carbon can be improved, the catalytic performance of the prepared porous carbon is improved, the prepared porous carbon is contacted with titanium dioxide in the outer-layer porous carbon, and the photocatalytic degradation capacity of pollutants in water can be improved;
because tetrabutyl titanate in the modified acrylic resin component is hydrolyzed to generate silicon dioxide and contains ferric nitrate, titanium dioxide and ferric oxide are loaded in the outer-layer porous carbon, the outer-layer porous carbon is endowed with photocatalytic capability, the catalytic activity of the prepared porous carbon is improved, the prepared porous carbon loaded with nano metal oxide is promoted to carry out catalytic decomposition on pollutants in water, and the water treatment efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the carbon layer prepared by taking acrylic resin and zinc acrylate resin as main resins is combined with rutile type titanium dioxide and iron oxide, so that the prepared outer porous carbon has better mechanical property, and the prepared porous carbon has multiple pores formed cooperatively, thereby effectively preventing the damage of water flow impact on the prepared porous carbon and improving the mechanical property of the prepared porous carbon for loading nano metal oxide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the porous carbon supported nano metal oxide for water treatment and the preparation method thereof, the average pore diameter of the porous carbon in the middle layer is larger than that of the porous carbon in the outer layer and the inner layer through the arrangement of the porous carbon structure, so that pollutants are adsorbed, pollutant particles can be prevented from entering an inner cavity of the porous carbon, the pore blocking of the porous carbon in the outer layer is avoided, the speed of water flow passing through the porous carbon is influenced, the specific surface area of the porous carbon in the middle layer is larger, the load of the metal oxide is improved, the water treatment efficiency is improved, the porous carbon in the middle layer is connected and fixed with the porous carbon in the inner layer and the porous carbon in the outer layer, the porous carbon in the inner layer forms a porous carbon skeleton, the porous carbon is supported by the porous carbon in the outer layer, the mechanical property of the porous carbon is improved, and the.
2. According to the porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and the preparation method thereof, the porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide is prepared by setting the preparation components of the porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide, taking cyclodextrin, polyvinyl chloride and acrylic resin as carbon sources and taking a metal compound as an oxide source, so that the metal oxide-loaded nano metal oxide has a three-layer porous carbon structure, the adsorption capacity of the prepared porous carbon is improved, the catalytic performance of the prepared porous carbon is improved, soluble organic matters and ions can be adsorbed after the prepared porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide adsorbs pollutant particles and is catalytically decomposed, the comprehensiveness of the prepared porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide in water pollution treatment is improved, and the water treatment efficiency is improved.
3. The porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment and the preparation method thereof realize the loading of the metal oxide in the formed outer layer, middle layer and inner layer porous carbon and the formation of the porous carbon structure by setting the preparation process of the porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1) Preparing modified cyclodextrin:
heating phenol and zinc hydroxide together to obtain zinc phenolate, and dissolving in anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc phenolate solution; adding nano silicon dioxide and aluminum powder modified by a silane coupling agent into a zinc phenolate solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixed solution;
and (3) preparing a saturated suspension from the beta-cyclodextrin, slowly adding the mixed solution, stirring for 60min, standing at the temperature of 0 ℃ in the dark for 24h, performing suction filtration, and performing vacuum drying to obtain powder to obtain the modified cyclodextrin.
The modified cyclodextrin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1.2 parts of phenol, 2 parts of zinc hydroxide, 10 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 2 parts of aluminum powder.
2) Preparing modified polyvinyl chloride:
adding ammonia water and calcium hydroxide aqueous solution into acetone to prepare a mixed solution; taking polyvinyl chloride, respectively adding zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride;
adding modified cyclodextrin, mixing, stirring at 75 deg.C for 5min, extruding at 140 deg.C in screw extruder to form granules, soaking in mixed solvent at 0 deg.C, stirring at low speed for 15min, cleaning, and oven drying to obtain clathrate A.
The modified polyvinyl chloride is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1.2 parts of zinc stearate, 6 parts of aluminum stearate, 1 part of zinc borate and 1 part of ferric oxide hydroxide.
3) Preparing modified acrylic resin:
adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously stirring while adding, adding glacial acetic acid, and mixing to obtain tetrabutyl titanate solution; mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, adding ferric nitrate, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH value of a solution system to be alkaline to prepare a ferric nitrate solution; mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution with ferric nitrate solution, and modifying by using a coupling agent to prepare modified titanium dioxide;
adding a solvent into acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, adding zinc acrylate resin, heating to 50 ℃, adding modified titanium dioxide, adding a surfactant, stirring at a high speed for 30min, adding ammonia water, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified acrylic resin; adding the clathrate A, stirring, mixing, standing for 120min, taking out, and oven drying to obtain clathrate B.
The modified acrylic resin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of acrylic resin, 30 parts of zinc acrylate resin, 0.8 part of tetrabutyl titanate and 0.3 part of ferric nitrate, wherein the mass ratio of the modified acrylic resin to the modified polyvinyl chloride to the modified cyclodextrin is 100: 160: 78, a nitrogen source;
4) preparing porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide:
performing microwave treatment on the inclusion B for 5min, performing high-temperature treatment for 90min at 250 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, heating to 700 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 20 min; and cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 5min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
Example 2
1) Preparing modified cyclodextrin:
heating phenol and zinc hydroxide together to obtain zinc phenolate, and dissolving in anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc phenolate solution; adding nano silicon dioxide and aluminum powder modified by a silane coupling agent into a zinc phenolate solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixed solution;
and (3) preparing a saturated suspension from the beta-cyclodextrin, slowly adding the mixed solution, stirring for 75min, standing for 30h at the temperature of 3 ℃ in the dark, filtering, and drying in vacuum to obtain powder to obtain the modified cyclodextrin.
The modified cyclodextrin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 21 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1.8 parts of phenol, 2.5 parts of zinc hydroxide, 13 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 3 parts of aluminum powder.
2) Preparing modified polyvinyl chloride:
adding ammonia water and calcium hydroxide aqueous solution into acetone to prepare a mixed solution; taking polyvinyl chloride, respectively adding zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride; adding modified cyclodextrin, mixing, stirring at 77 deg.C for 7min, extruding at 155 deg.C in a screw extruder to form granules, soaking in mixed solvent at 2 deg.C, stirring at low speed for 20min, cleaning, and drying to obtain clathrate A.
The modified polyvinyl chloride is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 116 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1.6 parts of zinc stearate, 7 parts of aluminum stearate, 1.2 parts of zinc borate and 1.2 parts of ferric oxide hydroxide.
3) Preparing modified acrylic resin:
adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously stirring while adding, adding glacial acetic acid, and mixing to obtain tetrabutyl titanate solution; mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, adding ferric nitrate, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH value of a solution system to be alkaline to prepare a ferric nitrate solution; mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution with ferric nitrate solution, and modifying by using a coupling agent to prepare modified titanium dioxide;
adding a solvent into acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, adding zinc acrylate resin, heating to 62 ℃, adding modified titanium dioxide, adding a surfactant, stirring at a high speed for 37min, adding ammonia water, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified acrylic resin; adding the clathrate A, stirring, mixing, standing for 16min, taking out, and oven drying to obtain clathrate B.
The modified acrylic resin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of acrylic resin, 40 parts of zinc acrylate resin, 1.0 part of tetrabutyl titanate and 0.5 part of ferric nitrate, wherein the mass ratio of the modified acrylic resin to the modified polyvinyl chloride to the modified cyclodextrin is 100: 170: 89.
4) preparing porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide:
performing microwave treatment on the inclusion compound B for 6min, performing high-temperature treatment for 155min at 275 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, heating to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 12 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 6 min; and cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 250 ℃ for 7min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
Example 3
1) Preparing modified cyclodextrin:
heating phenol and zinc hydroxide together to obtain zinc phenolate, and dissolving in anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc phenolate solution; adding nano silicon dioxide and aluminum powder modified by a silane coupling agent into a zinc phenolate solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixed solution;
and (3) preparing a saturated suspension from the beta-cyclodextrin, slowly adding the mixed solution, stirring for 90min, standing for 36h at 6 ℃ in the dark, filtering, and drying in vacuum to obtain powder to obtain the modified cyclodextrin.
The modified cyclodextrin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 24 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 2.4 parts of phenol, 3 parts of zinc hydroxide, 16 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 5 parts of aluminum powder.
2) Preparing modified polyvinyl chloride:
adding ammonia water and calcium hydroxide aqueous solution into acetone to prepare a mixed solution; taking polyvinyl chloride, respectively adding zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride; adding modified cyclodextrin, mixing, stirring at 80 deg.C for 10min, extruding at 170 deg.C in screw extruder to form granule, soaking in mixed solvent at 5 deg.C, stirring at low speed for 25min, cleaning, and drying to obtain clathrate A.
The modified polyvinyl chloride is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 132 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 2 parts of zinc stearate, 8 parts of aluminum stearate, 1.5 parts of zinc borate and 1.5 parts of ferric oxide hydroxide.
3) Preparing modified acrylic resin:
adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously stirring while adding, adding glacial acetic acid, and mixing to obtain tetrabutyl titanate solution; mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, adding ferric nitrate, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH value of a solution system to be alkaline to prepare a ferric nitrate solution; mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution with ferric nitrate solution, and modifying by using a coupling agent to prepare modified titanium dioxide;
adding a solvent into acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, adding zinc acrylate resin, heating to 75 ℃, adding modified titanium dioxide, adding a surfactant, stirring at a high speed for 45min, adding ammonia water, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified acrylic resin; adding the clathrate A, stirring, mixing, standing for 20min, taking out, and oven drying to obtain clathrate B.
The modified acrylic resin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of acrylic resin, 50 parts of zinc acrylate resin, 1.2 parts of tetrabutyl titanate and 0.7 part of ferric nitrate, wherein the mass ratio of the modified acrylic resin to the modified polyvinyl chloride to the modified cyclodextrin is 100: 180: 100.
4) preparing porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide:
performing microwave treatment on the inclusion B for 8min, performing high-temperature treatment for 120min at 300 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 16 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 40 min; and cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for 8min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
Comparative example 1
1) Preparing modified cyclodextrin:
heating phenol and zinc hydroxide together to obtain zinc phenolate, and dissolving in anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc phenolate solution; adding nano silicon dioxide and aluminum powder modified by a silane coupling agent into a zinc phenolate solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixed solution;
and (3) preparing a saturated suspension from the beta-cyclodextrin, slowly adding the mixed solution, stirring for 75min, standing for 30h at the temperature of 3 ℃ in the dark, filtering, and drying in vacuum to obtain powder to obtain the modified cyclodextrin.
2) Preparing modified polyvinyl chloride:
adding ammonia water and calcium hydroxide aqueous solution into acetone to prepare a mixed solution; taking polyvinyl chloride, respectively adding zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, uniformly mixing, stirring at 77 ℃ for 7min, then extruding at 155 ℃ in a screw extruder to form particles, placing in a mixed solvent, immersing at 2 ℃, stirring at low speed for 20min, cleaning, and drying to obtain the clathrate A.
3) Preparing modified acrylic resin:
adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously stirring while adding, adding glacial acetic acid, and mixing to obtain tetrabutyl titanate solution; mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, adding ferric nitrate, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH value of a solution system to be alkaline to prepare a ferric nitrate solution; mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution with ferric nitrate solution, and modifying by using a coupling agent to prepare modified titanium dioxide;
adding acrylic resin into a solvent, uniformly mixing, adding zinc acrylate resin, heating to 62 ℃, adding modified titanium dioxide, adding a surfactant, stirring at a high speed for 37min, adding ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding modified cyclodextrin and modified polyvinyl chloride, stirring, mixing, standing for 16min, taking out, and drying to obtain the clathrate B.
4) Preparing porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide:
taking modified acrylic resin, carrying out high-temperature treatment at 275 ℃ for 155min in a helium atmosphere, heating to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 12 ℃/min, and carrying out constant-temperature treatment for 6 min; and cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 250 ℃ for 7min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
Comparative example 2
1) Preparing modified polyvinyl chloride:
adding ammonia water and calcium hydroxide aqueous solution into acetone to prepare a mixed solution; taking polyvinyl chloride, respectively adding zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, uniformly mixing, stirring at 77 ℃ for 7min, then extruding at 155 ℃ in a screw extruder to form particles, placing in a mixed solvent, immersing at 2 ℃, stirring at low speed for 20min, cleaning, and drying to obtain the clathrate A.
2) Preparing modified acrylic resin:
adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously stirring while adding, adding glacial acetic acid, and mixing to obtain tetrabutyl titanate solution; mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, adding ferric nitrate, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH value of a solution system to be alkaline to prepare a ferric nitrate solution; mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution with ferric nitrate solution, and modifying by using a coupling agent to prepare modified titanium dioxide;
adding a solvent into acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, adding zinc acrylate resin, heating to 62 ℃, adding modified titanium dioxide, adding a surfactant, stirring at a high speed for 37min, adding ammonia water, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified acrylic resin; adding the clathrate A, stirring, mixing, standing for 16min, taking out, and oven drying to obtain clathrate B.
3) Preparing porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide:
performing microwave treatment on the inclusion compound B for 6min, performing high-temperature treatment for 155min at 275 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, heating to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 12 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 6 min; and cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 250 ℃ for 7min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
Comparative example 3
1) Preparing modified cyclodextrin:
heating phenol and zinc hydroxide together to obtain zinc phenolate, and dissolving in anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc phenolate solution; adding nano silicon dioxide and aluminum powder modified by a silane coupling agent into a zinc phenolate solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixed solution;
and (3) preparing a saturated suspension from the beta-cyclodextrin, slowly adding the mixed solution, stirring for 75min, standing for 30h at the temperature of 3 ℃ in the dark, filtering, and drying in vacuum to obtain powder to obtain the modified cyclodextrin.
2) Preparing modified acrylic resin:
adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously stirring while adding, adding glacial acetic acid, and mixing to obtain tetrabutyl titanate solution; mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, adding ferric nitrate, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH value of a solution system to be alkaline to prepare a ferric nitrate solution; mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution with ferric nitrate solution, and modifying by using a coupling agent to prepare modified titanium dioxide;
adding acrylic resin into a solvent, uniformly mixing, adding zinc acrylate resin, heating to 62 ℃, adding modified titanium dioxide, adding a surfactant, stirring at a high speed for 37min, adding ammonia water, uniformly mixing, adding modified cyclodextrin, stirring and mixing, standing for 16min, taking out, and drying to obtain the clathrate B.
3) Preparing porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide:
performing microwave treatment on the inclusion compound B for 6min, performing high-temperature treatment for 155min at 275 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, heating to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 12 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 6 min; and cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 250 ℃ for 7min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
Comparative example 4
1) Preparing modified cyclodextrin:
heating phenol and zinc hydroxide together to obtain zinc phenolate, and dissolving in anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc phenolate solution; adding nano silicon dioxide and aluminum powder modified by a silane coupling agent into a zinc phenolate solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixed solution;
and (3) preparing a saturated suspension from the beta-cyclodextrin, slowly adding the mixed solution, stirring for 75min, standing for 30h at the temperature of 3 ℃ in the dark, filtering, and drying in vacuum to obtain powder to obtain the modified cyclodextrin.
2) Preparing modified polyvinyl chloride:
adding ammonia water and calcium hydroxide aqueous solution into acetone to prepare a mixed solution; taking polyvinyl chloride, respectively adding zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride; adding modified cyclodextrin, mixing, stirring at 77 deg.C for 7min, extruding at 155 deg.C in a screw extruder to form granules, soaking in mixed solvent at 2 deg.C, stirring at low speed for 20min, cleaning, and drying to obtain clathrate A.
3) Preparing porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide:
performing microwave treatment on the modified polyvinyl chloride for 6min, performing high-temperature treatment for 155min at 275 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, heating to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 12 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 6 min; and cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 250 ℃ for 7min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
Comparative example 5
1) Mixing saccharide, urea and metal salt, placing in a container, and stirring at 160 deg.C for 35min to completely melt the mixed solid to form a uniform solution; wherein the metal salt is ferric nitrate, titanium sulfate, zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, and ferric chloride;
2) carrying out heat treatment on the solution obtained in the step 1) at 185 ℃ for 28h to dehydrate and carbonize the saccharides to obtain a dark brown solid; the heat treatment process is carried out in a normal pressure or a closed reaction kettle;
3) carrying out heat treatment on the dark brown solid prepared in the step 2) at 675 ℃ for 13h in a protective gas atmosphere to obtain a porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide material;
4) carrying out heat treatment on the carbon-supported nano metal oxide obtained in the step 3) for 13h at 725 ℃ in a reducing gas atmosphere to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal material.
Experiment of
Taking the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide obtained in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-5 and the conventional porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide to prepare samples, respectively detecting the porosity, the pore diameter, the strength and the filtering effect of the samples, and recording the detection results:
wherein, the pore diameter test data is the average pore diameter of the inner layer, the middle layer and the outer layer in the sample;
the strength test is as follows: placing a sample in a special disc filled with stainless steel balls, performing timing rotation and impact combined motion, detecting the particle size change after the test, and taking the ratio of particles on a strength test sieve to the sample as the strength of the sample, wherein the rotating speed of a vibrating screen machine is 300r/min, the impact is 150 beats/min, and the size of the test sieve is phi 200 x 50;
the filtering effect takes the adsorption rate and the removal rate of the sample as technical indexes, the adsorption rate is 30 ℃, and the amount of pollutants adsorbed by the sample is 60min after the polluted water is adsorbed; the removal rate is the ratio of the mass of the pollutants in the sample to the mass of the original pollutants after the sample reaches adsorption balance.
From the data in the table above, it is clear that the following conclusions can be drawn:
the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxides obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 are compared with the conventional porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide, and the detection results show that:
1. compared with the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide obtained in the comparative example 5, the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide obtained in the examples 1 to 3 has increased porosity, strength, adsorption rate and removal rate data, which fully shows that the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide prepared by the method can improve the porosity, strength and filtering effect of the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide and has stable effect;
2. compared with the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide obtained in the comparative example 1 and the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide obtained in the example 2, the microwave treatment in the preparation process is removed, other preparation processes and parameters thereof are the same as those in the example 2, the data of porosity, strength, adsorption rate and removal rate in the sample of the comparative example 1 are obviously reduced, and the average pore diameters of the inner layer, the middle layer and the outer layer are changed, so that the microwave treatment process has a promoting effect on the porosity, strength and filtering effect of the prepared porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide;
3. compared with the porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide obtained in the embodiment 2, the porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide in the comparative example 2 has the inner layer porous carbon removed, other preparation processes and other parameters are the same as those in the embodiment 2, the adsorption rate and removal rate data in the sample in the comparative example 2 are reduced, and the porous carbon in the inner layer has a promotion effect on the porosity, strength and filtering effect of the prepared porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide;
4. compared with the porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide obtained in the embodiment 2, the porous carbon in the middle layer is removed, other preparation processes and other parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 2, the porosity, strength, adsorption rate and removal rate data in the sample in the comparative example 3 are reduced, and the process of the porous carbon in the middle layer has a promoting effect on the porosity, strength and filtering effect of the prepared porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide;
5. compared with the porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide obtained in the example 2, the porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide obtained in the comparative example 4 has the outer layer of the porous carbon removed, other preparation processes and other parameters are the same as those of the example 2, the porosity, strength, adsorption rate and removal rate data in the sample of the comparative example 4 are reduced, and the outer layer of the porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide has a promoting effect on the porosity, strength and filtering effect of the prepared porous carbon loaded with the nano metal oxide.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment is characterized in that: the porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide is prepared from modified acrylic resin, modified polyvinyl chloride and modified cyclodextrin, wherein the mass ratio of the modified acrylic resin to the modified polyvinyl chloride to the modified cyclodextrin is 100: (160-180): (78-100).
2. The porous carbon supported nano metal oxide for water treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the modified acrylic resin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of acrylic resin, 30-50 parts of zinc acrylate resin, 0.8-1.2 parts of tetrabutyl titanate and 0.3-0.7 part of ferric nitrate.
3. The porous carbon supported nano metal oxide for water treatment as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the modified polyvinyl chloride is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100-132 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1.2-2 parts of zinc stearate, 6-8 parts of aluminum stearate, 1-1.5 parts of zinc borate and 1-1.5 parts of ferric oxide hydroxide.
4. The porous carbon supported nano metal oxide for water treatment as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the modified cyclodextrin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 18-24 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 1.2-2.4 parts of phenol, 2-3 parts of zinc hydroxide, 10-16 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 2-5 parts of aluminum powder.
5. A preparation method of porous carbon loaded nano metal oxide for water treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing modified cyclodextrin;
2) preparing modified polyvinyl chloride;
3) preparing modified acrylic resin;
4) preparing the porous carbon-loaded nano metal oxide.
6. The preparation method of the porous carbon supported nano metal oxide for water treatment as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the step 1) comprises the following steps:
heating phenol and zinc hydroxide together to obtain zinc phenolate, and dissolving in anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc phenolate solution;
adding nano silicon dioxide and aluminum powder modified by a silane coupling agent into a zinc phenolate solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixed solution;
and (2) taking beta-cyclodextrin to prepare saturated suspension, slowly adding the mixed solution, stirring for 60-90 min, standing for 24-36 h at the temperature of 0-6 ℃ in the dark, performing suction filtration, and performing vacuum drying to prepare powder to obtain the modified cyclodextrin.
7. The preparation method of the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide for water treatment as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the step 2) comprises the following steps:
adding ammonia water and calcium hydroxide aqueous solution into acetone to prepare a mixed solution;
taking polyvinyl chloride, respectively adding zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, zinc borate and ferric oxide hydroxide, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified polyvinyl chloride;
adding modified cyclodextrin, uniformly mixing, stirring for 5-10 min at the temperature of 75-80 ℃, extruding in a screw extruder at the temperature of 140-170 ℃ to form particles, placing in a mixed solvent, immersing at the temperature of 0-5 ℃, stirring at a low speed for 15-25 min, cleaning, and drying to obtain the clathrate A.
8. The preparation method of the porous carbon supported nano metal oxide for water treatment as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the step 3) comprises the following steps:
adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously stirring while adding, adding glacial acetic acid, and mixing to obtain tetrabutyl titanate solution;
mixing deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, adding ferric nitrate, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the pH value of a solution system to be alkaline to prepare a ferric nitrate solution;
mixing tetrabutyl titanate solution with ferric nitrate solution, and modifying by using a coupling agent to prepare modified titanium dioxide;
adding a solvent into acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, adding zinc acrylate resin, heating to 50-75 ℃, adding modified titanium dioxide, adding a surfactant, stirring at a high speed for 30-45 min, adding ammonia water, and uniformly mixing to obtain modified acrylic resin;
and adding the clathrate A, stirring and mixing, standing for 12-20 min, taking out and drying to obtain the clathrate B.
9. The preparation method of the porous carbon supported nano metal oxide for water treatment as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the step 4) comprises the following steps:
performing microwave treatment on the inclusion B for 5-8 min, then performing high-temperature treatment for 90-120 min at the temperature of 250-300 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, heating to 700-800 ℃ at the heating rate of 8-16 ℃/min, and performing constant-temperature treatment for 20-40 min;
and (3) cooling at room temperature, respectively cleaning with ethanol and deionized water, drying, placing in an air environment, keeping the temperature at 200-300 ℃ for 5-8 min, and cleaning again to obtain the porous carbon-supported nano metal oxide.
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