CN112167177A - Breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees - Google Patents
Breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
- A01K47/02—Construction or arrangement of frames for honeycombs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
- A01K47/06—Other details of beehives, e.g. ventilating devices, entrances to hives, guards, partitions or bee escapes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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Abstract
The invention relates to a breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees, which is characterized in that two queens are bred in a bee colony by using a beehive, and the goal of strong colony honey production is realized through breeding of the two queens. By adopting the breeding method, two groups of bees with different group tastes can be effectively prevented from being killed each other in the hive so as to reduce rejection of the bee groups, when the bee groups in the hive are crowded, a honeycomb frame is added in the hive, and a sub-honeycomb and a honeycomb are placed in the honeycomb frame, so that enthusiasm of industrial bees for manufacturing the honeycomb, breeding the bees and collecting the bees is facilitated, the idea of separating bees is not easy to generate, the Chinese bees can be rapidly propagated, particularly when a honey powder source plant spitting and bleeding period comes, the number of bees collected at proper age is large, honey powder collection is facilitated, the honey yield is increased, the honey pollen double harvest can be obtained, and the comprehensive economic benefit of the Chinese bees can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bee breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees.
Background
The bee-keeping industry occupies a very important position in modern agricultural systems, the bee-keeping does not occupy cultivated land, the investment is small, the income is high, no pollution is caused, no three wastes are generated, and the ecological environment can be improved. With the rapid development of socioeconomic, the demand of people for nutritional food, health food and natural medicine is increasing, so that the demand of peak products is also increasing, and the aim of developing beekeeping is to harvest more honey products. Chinese bee, also known as Chinese bee, Chinese bee and native bee, is a subspecies of eastern bee and is a unique bee breed of China. The Chinese honeybee mainly collects sporadic honey sources such as wild flowers, medicinal materials, fruit trees and the like in mountainous areas, has the advantages of sensitive flight, strong disease resistance, high product value and the like, can adapt to severe weather conditions, and is an rare biological variety resource. Meanwhile, the Chinese honeybee has the advantages of strong collection ability, high utilization rate, long honey collection period, adaptability, strong anti-mite and disease-resistant capabilities, less feed consumption and the like which are incomparable with Italian honeybees, and is very suitable for fixed-point feeding in mountainous areas of China. The body of Chinese bee is small, the head and chest are black, the abdomen is yellow and black, and the whole body is brownish yellow villi. The centralized distribution areas are in the southwest of China and the provinces in the south of the Yangtze river, and the provinces in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangxi and the like have the most quantity.
The bees are social insects and have social behaviors, and one queen bee, a plurality of worker bees and a plurality of bee bees are arranged in one honeycomb. Worker bees are responsible for collecting honey, queen bees are the 'spawning machines', and bee bees are responsible for breeding in cooperation with the queen bees. The queen bee does not know that the inner part of the egg grain is male or female when laying eggs, but she secretes a substance to control and change, so that the eggs become worker bees and male bees, and therefore, it is impossible to breed a female bee and to compete for the queen bee. Actually, queen bees are originally not separated from common worker bees, the common worker bees can eat royal jelly for three or four days after being hatched into larvae, and if the queen bee larvae are arranged to live into a queen bee platform, the queen bee can be eaten by the royal jelly for the whole life and becomes the queen bee. However, queen bee stations are usually limited in number, and queen bees which first break pupae will give order to kill queen bees which do not break pupae. If two pupae are simultaneously broken, the phenomenon of mutual killing can be generated, which is also the reason of slow natural propagation; meanwhile, the habit of Chinese honey is that bees are loved and cannot maintain a large group, and once two queens appear, the bees are attacked mutually and cannot maintain the large group. Because the strength of a swarm of bees is determined by the number of bees, the frequent swarming of the Chinese bees divides the originally strong large swarm into small swarm, the honey yield of the small swarm is extremely low, only one queen is in the swarm, the queen of the Chinese bee spawns slowly, the swarm is not fast to reproduce, and the economic benefit is seriously influenced.
The bee is an insect which has the greatest contribution to human, can pollinate plants such as crops, fruit trees, vegetables and the like, increases the crop yield, and also produces bee products with high added values such as honey, bee pollen, royal jelly, bee venom, beeswax, propolis and the like. With the improvement of the living standard of people and the enhancement of health care consciousness in recent years, honey is sought by consumers as a health care product and food. In order to obtain more honey products, the honey production of bees must be increased, and more bee colonies are used for honey production, so that more honey products can be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and provides a breeding method convenient to operate in order to avoid the reduction of bee colonies caused by the bee separation of queens.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees is characterized in that two queens are bred in a bee colony by a beehive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding the two queens, and the breeding method mainly comprises the steps of separating a hive, breeding a queen bee platform, putting the bee colony, managing overwintering and exchanging brood combs, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) separating the nest box: dividing the interior of the beehive into two spaces with the same size by using a queen excluder to form a hive, pasting newspaper on two side faces of the queen excluder, placing honeycomb frames in the beehive respectively, and placing corresponding submarins and honeycombs in the honeycomb frames at the same time;
(2) culturing a queen cell: fixing a plurality of bowl-shaped queen cells made of beewax in the spleens on the honeycomb frame, cleaning each queen cell by worker bees, taking out after 3-4 hours, then brushing the inner wall of each queen cell with fresh royal jelly, and finally fixing the bowl-shaped queen cells in the spleens on the honeycomb frame;
(3) putting the bee colony: the two sides of the beehive are respectively provided with a bee outlet through which the beehive passes, bee colonies are respectively put into the beehive from the two bee outlets, worker bees are firstly separated on the two sides of the beehive before the group tastes are not mixed, simultaneously honey water or syrup is sprayed on the bee colonies on the two sides of the beehive so as to accelerate the group taste mixing, after the group tastes are completely mixed, newspaper stuck in a queen excluder can be torn off, the worker bees can freely pass through the two sides of the beehive, namely, the worker bees can pass through the queen excluder from the beehive on one side to the beehive on the other side, two groups of bees with different group tastes can be killed in the beehive, a large number of worker bee injuries can occur, and the rejection of the bee groups can be reduced;
(4) overwintering management: in winter, when the temperature is reduced to below 12 ℃, the beehive needs to be moved into a light-proof place for hibernation, and the temperature of the light-proof place is controlled to be 14-16 ℃; during the overwintering period, if worker bees are still moving, feeding the worker bees with food in a hibernation period, and feeding nutritional syrup, wherein the feeding amount of the food is that 40-50 ml of honey water diluted to 20% is fed into each nest box every day, and the feeding amount of the nutritional syrup is that 20-30 ml of nutritional syrup diluted to 15% is fed into each nest box every day;
(5) transpose of the spleen: after worker bees are recovered, aiming at the condition that the worker bees are partially gathered, the subsubbs on the two sides of the hive are exchanged regularly or irregularly, the egg spleens on the side with a small worker bee quantity and the sealing subsubbs on the side with a large worker bee quantity are exchanged mutually, the worker bee quantity on the two sides gradually tends to be balanced, one queen bee is arranged on each of the two sides of the hive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding of the two queens.
Further, the breeding method for improving the honey yield of the Chinese bees comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of herba epimedii, 5-7 parts of radix isatidis, 4-6 parts of bezoar, 3-6 parts of liquorice, 2-4 parts of Chinese yam, 1-2 parts of garlic, 3-5 parts of cane sugar, 2-4 parts of maltose and 10-15 parts of 40% syrup; the preparation method of the nutritional syrup comprises the steps of weighing herba epimedii, radix isatidis, liquorice and Chinese yam according to the weight parts, putting the herba epimedii, the radix isatidis, the liquorice and the Chinese yam into a pot, adding water which is 4 times of the total weight of the raw materials, decocting for 2 times, cooling decocted medicine juice and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use; mashing fresh garlic to obtain juice, diluting with 3 times of cold boiled water, and mixing with the filtrate; and simultaneously adding the bezoar, the cane sugar, the maltose and the syrup, mixing and stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the nutritional syrup.
Furthermore, the breeding method for improving the honey yield of the Chinese bees is characterized in that the beehive is of a cuboid structure, and a small amount of straws and rotten wood are required to be placed in the beehive during the overwintering period.
Furthermore, the breeding method for improving the honey yield of the Chinese bees comprises the steps that after the worker bees are revived, when bee colonies on two sides in a hive are crowded and queen bees are not spawned, a hive frame needs to be added in the hive when the worker bees are in the processes of nesting, spawning and ovulation, only 1 hive frame is added each time, the number of the hive frames cannot exceed 15 hive frames at most, and meanwhile subspans and honeycombs are placed in the hive frames; meanwhile, white pupa is strictly prevented in summer, and the bottom of the box is often flushed with soap water to prevent nest insects and other plant diseases and insect pests.
Compared with the prior art, the breeding method for improving the honey yield of the Chinese bees has the beneficial effects that: because the queen bee separating plate is arranged in the beehive, two beehives are formed by the queen bee separating plate, a honeycomb frame and corresponding sub-honeycombs and honey honeycombs are arranged in the beehive, worker bees are firstly enabled to clean all queen bee platforms, and thus the worker bees are familiar with the smell of the queen bee platforms and accept the artificial queen bee platforms; then the queen bee platform is coated with royal jelly, and the bee colonies on the two sides of the nest box are sprayed with honey water or syrup so as to accelerate the confusion of the group tastes, and after the group tastes are completely confused, the newspaper stuck in the queen bee separating plate is torn off, so that the worker bees can freely pass through the two sides of the nest box, and two groups of bees with different group tastes can be effectively killed in the nest box, thereby reducing the rejection of the bee groups. In addition, when bee colonies on two sides in the hive are crowded and queen bees lay eggs everywhere, a honeycomb frame needs to be added in the hive, and subsubscribes and honeycombs are placed in the honeycomb frame, so that enthusiasm for manufacturing, breeding and collecting the worker bees is facilitated, a bee-separating idea is not easy to generate, Chinese bees can be rapidly bred, particularly, when a honey powder source plant spitting powder bleeding period comes, the number of collected bees in a proper age is large, honey powder collection is facilitated, honey yield is increased, honey pollen double harvest can be obtained, and comprehensive economic benefits of Chinese bees can be improved.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully explain the practice of the invention, the invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
a breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees is characterized in that two queens are bred in a bee colony by a beehive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding the two queens, and the breeding method mainly comprises the steps of separating a hive, breeding a queen bee platform, putting the bee colony, managing overwintering and exchanging brood combs, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) separating the nest box: dividing the interior of the beehive into two spaces with the same size by using a queen partition plate to form a beehive, wherein the beehive is arranged in a cuboid structure, newspaper is pasted on two side surfaces of the queen partition plate, honeycomb frames are respectively placed in the beehive, and corresponding sub-honeycombs and honey honeycombs are placed in the honeycomb frames;
(2) culturing a queen cell: fixing a plurality of bowl-shaped queen cells made of beeswax in the spleens on the honeycomb frame, cleaning the queen cells by worker bees after 3 hours, taking out the queen cells, coating the inner walls of the queen cells with fresh royal jelly, and fixing the bowl-shaped queen cells in the spleens on the honeycomb frame;
(3) putting the bee colony: the two sides of the beehive are respectively provided with a bee outlet through which the beehive passes, bee colonies are respectively put into the beehive from the two bee outlets, worker bees are firstly separated on the two sides of the beehive before the group tastes are not mixed, simultaneously honey water or syrup is sprayed on the bee colonies on the two sides of the beehive so as to accelerate the group taste mixing, after the group tastes are completely mixed, newspaper stuck in a queen excluder can be torn off, the worker bees can freely pass through the two sides of the beehive, namely, the worker bees can pass through the queen excluder from the beehive on one side to the beehive on the other side, two groups of bees with different group tastes can be killed in the beehive, a large number of worker bee injuries can occur, and the rejection of the bee groups can be reduced;
(4) overwintering management: in winter, when the temperature is reduced to below 12 ℃, the beehive needs to be moved into a light-proof place for hibernation, the temperature of the light-proof place is controlled to be 14-16 ℃, and a small amount of straws and rotten wood need to be placed in the beehive; during the overwintering period, if worker bees are still moving, feeding the worker bees with food in the hibernation period, and feeding the worker bees with nutritional syrup, wherein the feeding amount of the food is that 40ml of honey water diluted to 20% is fed into each nest box every day, and the feeding amount of the nutritional syrup is that 20ml of nutritional syrup diluted to 15% is fed into each nest box every day; the nutritional syrup comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of herba epimedii, 5 parts of radix isatidis, 4 parts of bezoar, 3 parts of liquorice, 2 parts of Chinese yam, 1 part of garlic, 3 parts of cane sugar, 2 parts of maltose and 10 parts of 40% syrup; the preparation method of the nutritional syrup comprises the steps of weighing herba epimedii, radix isatidis, liquorice and Chinese yam according to the weight parts, putting the herba epimedii, the radix isatidis, the liquorice and the Chinese yam into a pot, adding water which is 4 times of the total weight of the raw materials, decocting for 2 times, cooling decocted medicine juice and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use; mashing fresh garlic to obtain juice, diluting with 3 times of cold boiled water, and mixing with the filtrate; simultaneously adding calculus bovis, sucrose, maltose and syrup, mixing and stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the nutritional syrup;
(5) transpose of the spleen: after worker bees are recovered, aiming at the situation that the worker bees are partially gathered, the subsubbs on the two sides of the hive are exchanged regularly or irregularly, the egg spleens on the side with a small worker bee amount and the cover subsubbs on the side with a large worker bee amount are exchanged mutually, the worker bee amount on the two sides gradually tends to be balanced, one queen bee is arranged on each of the two sides of the hive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding of the two queens; meanwhile, in the process of building, spawning and ovulation of worker bees, when bee colonies on two sides in a hive are crowded and a queen bee is unavailable to spawn, a hive frame is required to be added in the hive, only 1 bee is added each time, the number of the bee frames cannot exceed 15 bee frames at most, and a sub-honeycomb and a honey comb are placed in the bee frame; in addition, white pupa is strictly prevented in summer, and the bottom of the box is often flushed with soap water to prevent nest insects and other plant diseases and insect pests.
Example 2:
a breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees is characterized in that two queens are bred in a bee colony by a beehive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding the two queens, and the breeding method mainly comprises the steps of separating a hive, breeding a queen bee platform, putting the bee colony, managing overwintering and exchanging brood combs, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) separating the nest box: dividing the interior of the beehive into two spaces with the same size by using a queen partition plate to form a beehive, wherein the beehive is arranged in a cuboid structure, newspaper is pasted on two side surfaces of the queen partition plate, honeycomb frames are respectively placed in the beehive, and corresponding sub-honeycombs and honey honeycombs are placed in the honeycomb frames;
(2) culturing a queen cell: fixing a plurality of bowl-shaped queen cells made of beeswax in the spleens on the honeycomb frame, cleaning the queen cells by worker bees after 3.5 hours, taking out, coating the inner walls of the queen cells with fresh royal jelly, and fixing the bowl-shaped queen cells in the spleens on the honeycomb frame;
(3) putting the bee colony: the two sides of the beehive are respectively provided with a bee outlet through which the beehive passes, bee colonies are respectively put into the beehive from the two bee outlets, worker bees are firstly separated on the two sides of the beehive before the group tastes are not mixed, simultaneously honey water or syrup is sprayed on the bee colonies on the two sides of the beehive so as to accelerate the group taste mixing, after the group tastes are completely mixed, newspaper stuck in a queen excluder can be torn off, the worker bees can freely pass through the two sides of the beehive, namely, the worker bees can pass through the queen excluder from the beehive on one side to the beehive on the other side, two groups of bees with different group tastes can be killed in the beehive, a large number of worker bee injuries can occur, and the rejection of the bee groups can be reduced;
(4) overwintering management: in winter, when the temperature is reduced to below 12 ℃, the beehive needs to be moved into a light-proof place for hibernation, the temperature of the light-proof place is controlled to be 14-16 ℃, and a small amount of straws and rotten wood need to be placed in the beehive; during the overwintering period, if worker bees are still moving, feeding the worker bees with food in the hibernation period, and feeding the worker bees with nutritional syrup, wherein the feeding amount of the food is 45ml of honey water diluted to 20% in each nest box every day, and the feeding amount of the nutritional syrup is 25ml of nutritional syrup diluted to 15% in each nest box every day; the nutritional syrup comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of herba epimedii, 6 parts of radix isatidis, 5 parts of bezoar, 4 parts of liquorice, 3 parts of Chinese yam, 1.5 parts of garlic, 4 parts of cane sugar, 3 parts of maltose and 13 parts of 40% syrup; the preparation method of the nutritional syrup comprises the steps of weighing herba epimedii, radix isatidis, liquorice and Chinese yam according to the weight parts, putting the herba epimedii, the radix isatidis, the liquorice and the Chinese yam into a pot, adding water which is 4 times of the total weight of the raw materials, decocting for 2 times, cooling decocted medicine juice and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use; mashing fresh garlic to obtain juice, diluting with 3 times of cold boiled water, and mixing with the filtrate; simultaneously adding calculus bovis, sucrose, maltose and syrup, mixing and stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the nutritional syrup;
(5) transpose of the spleen: after worker bees are recovered, aiming at the situation that the worker bees are partially gathered, the subsubbs on the two sides of the hive are exchanged regularly or irregularly, the egg spleens on the side with a small worker bee amount and the cover subsubbs on the side with a large worker bee amount are exchanged mutually, the worker bee amount on the two sides gradually tends to be balanced, one queen bee is arranged on each of the two sides of the hive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding of the two queens; meanwhile, in the process of building, spawning and ovulation of worker bees, when bee colonies on two sides in a hive are crowded and a queen bee is unavailable to spawn, a hive frame is required to be added in the hive, only 1 bee is added each time, the number of the bee frames cannot exceed 15 bee frames at most, and a sub-honeycomb and a honey comb are placed in the bee frame; in addition, white pupa is strictly prevented in summer, and the bottom of the box is often flushed with soap water to prevent nest insects and other plant diseases and insect pests.
Example 3:
a breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees is characterized in that two queens are bred in a bee colony by a beehive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding the two queens, and the breeding method mainly comprises the steps of separating a hive, breeding a queen bee platform, putting the bee colony, managing overwintering and exchanging brood combs, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) separating the nest box: dividing the interior of the beehive into two spaces with the same size by using a queen partition plate to form a beehive, wherein the beehive is arranged in a cuboid structure, newspaper is pasted on two side surfaces of the queen partition plate, honeycomb frames are respectively placed in the beehive, and corresponding sub-honeycombs and honey honeycombs are placed in the honeycomb frames;
(2) culturing a queen cell: fixing a plurality of bowl-shaped queen cells made of beeswax in the spleens on the honeycomb frame, cleaning the queen cells by worker bees after 4 hours, taking out the queen cells, coating the inner walls of the queen cells with fresh royal jelly, and fixing the bowl-shaped queen cells in the spleens on the honeycomb frame;
(3) putting the bee colony: the two sides of the beehive are respectively provided with a bee outlet through which the beehive passes, bee colonies are respectively put into the beehive from the two bee outlets, worker bees are firstly separated on the two sides of the beehive before the group tastes are not mixed, simultaneously honey water or syrup is sprayed on the bee colonies on the two sides of the beehive so as to accelerate the group taste mixing, after the group tastes are completely mixed, newspaper stuck in a queen excluder can be torn off, the worker bees can freely pass through the two sides of the beehive, namely, the worker bees can pass through the queen excluder from the beehive on one side to the beehive on the other side, two groups of bees with different group tastes can be killed in the beehive, a large number of worker bee injuries can occur, and the rejection of the bee groups can be reduced;
(4) overwintering management: in winter, when the temperature is reduced to below 12 ℃, the beehive needs to be moved into a light-proof place for hibernation, the temperature of the light-proof place is controlled to be 14-16 ℃, and a small amount of straws and rotten wood need to be placed in the beehive; during the overwintering period, if worker bees are still moving, adding food for feeding in a hibernation period, and feeding nutritional syrup, wherein the feeding amount of the food is 50ml of honey water diluted to 20% in each nest box every day, and the feeding amount of the nutritional syrup is 30ml of nutritional syrup diluted to 15% in each nest box every day; the nutritional syrup comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of herba epimedii, 7 parts of radix isatidis, 6 parts of bezoar, 6 parts of liquorice, 4 parts of Chinese yam, 2 parts of garlic, 5 parts of cane sugar, 4 parts of maltose and 15 parts of 40% syrup; the preparation method of the nutritional syrup comprises the steps of weighing herba epimedii, radix isatidis, liquorice and Chinese yam according to the weight parts, putting the herba epimedii, the radix isatidis, the liquorice and the Chinese yam into a pot, adding water which is 4 times of the total weight of the raw materials, decocting for 2 times, cooling decocted medicine juice and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use; mashing fresh garlic to obtain juice, diluting with 3 times of cold boiled water, and mixing with the filtrate; and simultaneously adding the bezoar, the cane sugar, the maltose and the syrup, mixing and stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the nutritional syrup.
(5) Transpose of the spleen: after worker bees are recovered, aiming at the situation that the worker bees are partially gathered, the subsubbs on the two sides of the hive are exchanged regularly or irregularly, the egg spleens on the side with a small worker bee amount and the cover subsubbs on the side with a large worker bee amount are exchanged mutually, the worker bee amount on the two sides gradually tends to be balanced, one queen bee is arranged on each of the two sides of the hive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding of the two queens; meanwhile, in the process of building, spawning and ovulation of worker bees, when bee colonies on two sides in a hive are crowded and a queen bee is unavailable to spawn, a hive frame is required to be added in the hive, only 1 bee is added each time, the number of the bee frames cannot exceed 15 bee frames at most, and a sub-honeycomb and a honey comb are placed in the bee frame; in addition, white pupa is strictly prevented in summer, and the bottom of the box is often flushed with soap water to prevent nest insects and other plant diseases and insect pests.
In order to illustrate the honey production of bees by the breeding method of the present invention, the honey bees in one hive are more than 45% more than the honey bees obtained by the existing breeding method on average at the final harvest time by comparing the methods described in examples 1 to 3 with the existing conventional breeding method, and thus it can be seen that more honey bees can be obtained by the breeding method of the present invention.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees is characterized in that a beehive is utilized to breed two queens in a bee colony, the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved through breeding of the two queens, the breeding method mainly comprises the steps of separating the beehive, breeding a queen bee platform, putting the bee colony, managing overwintering and exchanging brood combs, and the breeding method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) separating the nest box: dividing the interior of the beehive into two spaces with the same size by using a queen excluder to form a hive, pasting newspaper on two side faces of the queen excluder, placing honeycomb frames in the beehive respectively, and placing corresponding submarins and honeycombs in the honeycomb frames at the same time;
(2) culturing a queen cell: fixing a plurality of bowl-shaped queen cells made of beewax in the spleens on the honeycomb frame, cleaning each queen cell by worker bees, taking out after 3-4 hours, then brushing the inner wall of each queen cell with fresh royal jelly, and finally fixing the bowl-shaped queen cells in the spleens on the honeycomb frame;
(3) putting the bee colony: the two sides of the beehive are respectively provided with a bee outlet through which the beehive passes, bee colonies are respectively put into the beehive from the two bee outlets, worker bees are firstly separated on the two sides of the beehive before the group tastes are not mixed, simultaneously honey water or syrup is sprayed on the bee colonies on the two sides of the beehive so as to accelerate the group taste mixing, after the group tastes are completely mixed, newspaper stuck in a queen excluder can be torn off, the worker bees can freely pass through the two sides of the beehive, namely, the worker bees can pass through the queen excluder from the beehive on one side to the beehive on the other side, two groups of bees with different group tastes can be killed in the beehive, a large number of worker bee injuries can occur, and the rejection of the bee groups can be reduced;
(4) overwintering management: in winter, when the temperature is reduced to below 12 ℃, the beehive needs to be moved into a light-proof place for hibernation, and the temperature of the light-proof place is controlled to be 14-16 ℃; during the overwintering period, if worker bees are still moving, feeding the worker bees with food in a hibernation period, and feeding nutritional syrup, wherein the feeding amount of the food is that 40-50 ml of honey water diluted to 20% is fed into each nest box every day, and the feeding amount of the nutritional syrup is that 20-30 ml of nutritional syrup diluted to 15% is fed into each nest box every day;
(5) transpose of the spleen: after worker bees are recovered, aiming at the condition that the worker bees are partially gathered, the subsubbs on the two sides of the hive are exchanged regularly or irregularly, the egg spleens on the side with a small worker bee quantity and the sealing subsubbs on the side with a large worker bee quantity are exchanged mutually, the worker bee quantity on the two sides gradually tends to be balanced, one queen bee is arranged on each of the two sides of the hive, and the purpose of strong colony honey production is achieved by breeding of the two queens.
2. The breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional syrup comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of herba epimedii, 5-7 parts of radix isatidis, 4-6 parts of bezoar, 3-6 parts of liquorice, 2-4 parts of Chinese yam, 1-2 parts of garlic, 3-5 parts of cane sugar, 2-4 parts of maltose and 10-15 parts of 40% syrup; the preparation method of the nutritional syrup comprises the steps of weighing herba epimedii, radix isatidis, liquorice and Chinese yam according to the weight parts, putting the herba epimedii, the radix isatidis, the liquorice and the Chinese yam into a pot, adding water which is 4 times of the total weight of the raw materials, decocting for 2 times, cooling decocted medicine juice and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use; mashing fresh garlic to obtain juice, diluting with 3 times of cold boiled water, and mixing with the filtrate; and simultaneously adding the bezoar, the cane sugar, the maltose and the syrup, mixing and stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain the nutritional syrup.
3. The breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the beehive is of a cuboid structure, and a small amount of straws and rotten wood are required to be placed in the beehive during overwintering.
4. The breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: after the worker bees are revived, in the processes of nest building, spawning and ovulation, when bee colonies on two sides in a hive are crowded and a queen bee is nowhere to spawn, a hive frame is required to be added in the hive, only 1 honeycomb frame is added each time, the number of the honeycomb frames cannot exceed 15, and meanwhile, a sub-honeycomb and a honey comb are placed in the hive frame; meanwhile, white pupa is strictly prevented in summer, and the bottom of the box is often flushed with soap water to prevent nest insects and other plant diseases and insect pests.
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