CN112160319B - Self-adjusting anchor rod device and method for reinforcing laminar wading rock body of falling zone - Google Patents
Self-adjusting anchor rod device and method for reinforcing laminar wading rock body of falling zone Download PDFInfo
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- CN112160319B CN112160319B CN202011103574.3A CN202011103574A CN112160319B CN 112160319 B CN112160319 B CN 112160319B CN 202011103574 A CN202011103574 A CN 202011103574A CN 112160319 B CN112160319 B CN 112160319B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adjusting anchor rod device and a method for reinforcing a laminar wading rock body of a falling zone, wherein a stress adjusting tray for applying tensile force to the anchor rod is sleeved on the anchor rod, an external thread is processed on the anchor rod, a foaming agent conveying pipe for conveying a foaming agent is wound on the external thread, and a foaming agent spraying opening for releasing the foaming agent is arranged on the foaming agent conveying pipe; the external thread is wound with optical fibers, and the anchor rod is adhered with a stress-strain sensor for monitoring the stress between the anchor rod and the rock mass and a water content detection sensor for monitoring the water content of the gap between the anchor rod and the rock mass; the stress strain sensor is connected with the equipment control end through an optical fiber, and the water content detection sensor is connected with the equipment control end through a signal line. This stock can carry out real-time supervision to the stress between stock and the rock mass to acquire the mode that the rock mass destroys, in time fill between the adjacent rock mass of losing middle thin layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of a rock bolt of a hydro-fluctuation belt, and particularly relates to a self-adjusting anchor rod device and a method for reinforcing a laminar wading rock of the hydro-fluctuation belt.
Background
The functions of shipping, flood control and power generation are fully exerted since the operation of the three gorges project, and huge economic benefits are brought. In the operation process, the method also faces more engineering rock mass problems, wherein the most serious problem is the safety and stability of the rock mass at the hydro-fluctuation belt. The water level of the three gorges reservoir area can periodically change along with the alternation of seasons to form a hydro-fluctuation belt with the height of about 30m, and rock masses in the hydro-fluctuation belt undergo periodic alternation of dryness and humidity, so that damage is easily accumulated, and the safety problem of the rock masses is caused. And because the span of reservoir areas is large, rock mass structures in the hydro-fluctuation belt are also complex and various, and the stratosphere rock mass with the same trend is one of the more common structures. When the rock mass undergoes periodic alternation of dryness and wetness, the interpass cementation is weakened along with the alternation of dryness and wetness, so that the lamellar rock mass gradually breaks away from a bank slope to form local interpass void. Lose the adjacent rock mass of middle lamina on the one hand and water contact area grow when the water level rises, lose on the one hand and depend on the ability, thereby easily take place to drop and influence rock mass stability.
The anchor rod is used as a common rock mass reinforcing means and is widely applied to the prevention and control engineering of various engineering rock masses. Current traditional stock, the structure of accessible adjustment stock strengthens frictional force between stock and rock mass on the one hand, or adjusts the cementing material between stock and rock mass and strengthens the adhesion between stock and rock mass, and then reaches and strengthens the anchor effect. However, when the rock body cracks or falls off after being reinforced, the safety and stability of the rock body cannot be effectively protected, and the long-term safety and stability of the offset zone is realized.
On the other hand accessible carries out stress monitoring to the stock and comes the early warning, carries out stress monitoring to the stock and generally uses the fiber grating, can implant fiber into the fiber reinforced resin stock, also can lay the fiber grating with the stock surface, be under construction together with the stock. The stress change of the anchor rod is monitored and early warning is given out, but the defects of single function, short acting timeliness and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-adjusting anchor rod device and a method for reinforcing a water-wading rock body in a falling zone layer, wherein the anchor rod can monitor the stress between the anchor rod and the rock body in real time, acquire a rock body damage mode and fill the space between adjacent rock bodies without middle thin layers in time so as to fulfill the aim of reinforcing the rock body and ensure the safety and stability of the rock body.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: the self-adjusting anchor rod device for reinforcing the laminar wading rock body of the falling zone comprises an anchor rod, wherein a stress adjusting tray for applying tensile force to the anchor rod is sleeved on the anchor rod, an external thread is processed on the anchor rod, a foaming agent conveying pipe for conveying a foaming agent is wound on the external thread, and a foaming agent spraying opening for releasing the foaming agent is formed in the foaming agent conveying pipe; the external thread is wound with optical fibers, and the anchor rod is adhered with a stress-strain sensor for monitoring the stress between the anchor rod and the rock mass and a water content detection sensor for monitoring the water content of the gap between the anchor rod and the rock mass; the stress strain sensor is connected with the equipment control end through an optical fiber, and the water content detection sensor is connected with the equipment control end through a signal line.
The inlet of the foaming agent conveying pipe is connected with a foaming agent storage and spraying device, and the foaming agent storage and spraying device is connected with an equipment control end for controlling the opening of the foaming agent storage and spraying device.
When anchoring, the stress adjustment tray contacts with the rock mass surface and provides anchoring pressure, and after receiving the equipment control end signal, adjusts anchoring pressure.
An installation groove is formed in one end, located at the stress adjusting tray, of the anchor rod, and the ends of the foaming agent conveying pipe, the signal wire and the optical fiber penetrate through the installation groove and then are connected with the control end of the equipment; the foaming agent conveying pipe, the signal wire and the optical fiber are all made of high-strength resin materials as protective layers.
The foaming agent eruption ports on the external threads in the same circle are uniformly distributed in four directions.
The stress strain sensor and the water content detection sensor are adhered to the outer surface of the anchor rod through high-strength resin.
The method for reinforcing the laminar wading rock body of the falling zone by adopting the self-adjusting anchor rod device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: installing a self-adjusting anchor rod device at the position of the hydro-fluctuation belt, and applying initial stress to the anchor rod through the stress adjusting tray;
step two: the method comprises the following steps that (1) the falling zone stratified rock body is degraded under the action of reservoir water, the interlayer cementing force is reduced, so that a local stratified rock body is separated from a matrix, the separated block body is reduced by environmental stress, the stress change of the periphery of an anchor rod body is monitored in real time through a stress-strain sensor, the detected data are transmitted to an equipment control end, and the position of the stratum body with the tendency to generate the interlayer cementing change is judged; monitoring the water content between the anchor rod and the layer in real time through a water content detection sensor, and transmitting the detected data to an equipment control end;
step three: the equipment control end judges whether the rock mass where the anchor rod is located is a rock mass crack or rock stratum falls off according to the received data; if the stress is monitored to be continuously reduced, the crack is a rock body gap; if the stress is monitored to change suddenly and greatly, the rock stratum falls off;
step four: if the laminar rock body cracks are monitored in the third step, the control end of the device controls the foaming agent storage and spraying device to be opened, the foaming agent storage and spraying device sprays the foaming agent, the foaming agent is sprayed out from a foaming agent spraying opening through a foaming agent conveying pipe, the position where the rock body cracks occur is filled, and interlayer cementation is enhanced;
step five: after the interlayer rock mass cracks are filled, the stress of the interlayer rock mass is increased, the stress strain sensor detects the stress rise, and the stress information is sent to the equipment control end;
step six: after receiving the stress rising information, the equipment control end controls the stress adjusting tray to increase the stress of the supporting tray, so that the supporting tray is anchored on the rock mass, and the safety of the rock mass is protected;
step seven: if the rock stratum is monitored to fall off in the third step, the equipment control end controls the stress adjusting tray to release the stress of the tray, the pressure of the tray on the rock mass is reduced, and the safety of the rock mass is protected;
step eight: when the stress of the stress adjusting tray is reduced, the equipment control end controls the foaming agent storage and spraying device to spray the foaming agent;
step nine: after the foaming agent is filled in the step eight, if the rock body where the anchor rod is located is above the water level, the crack water between rock body layers cannot be evaporated due to the isolation of the foaming agent, so that the water content of the rock body is increased, is detected by a water content detection sensor and is transmitted back to the equipment control end;
step ten: after the equipment control end receives the increase of the water content, judging that the cavity at the rock mass falling part is filled completely, and controlling the foaming agent storage and spraying device to stop spraying to finish repairing;
step eleven: after the foaming agent is filled in the step eight, if the anchor rod is positioned below the water surface, the water content is reduced due to the fact that the foaming agent is filled into the empty layer to separate water, the water content is detected by a water content detection sensor and is transmitted back to the equipment control end;
step twelve: and after the equipment control end receives the reduction of the water content, judging that the cavity at the rock mass falling part is filled completely, controlling the foaming agent storage and spraying device to stop spraying, and completing the repair.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. this stock can carry out real-time supervision to the stress between stock and the rock mass to acquire the mode that the rock mass destroys, in time fill between the adjacent rock mass of thin layer in the middle of losing, with the purpose that reaches the reinforced rock mass, guaranteed the safety and stability nature of rock mass.
2. Through foretell foaming agent storage eruption device, can be when needs are filled, automatic control foaming agent storage eruption device spouts the foaming agent to carry the foaming agent conveyer pipe, and then carry the foaming agent to the rock mass crack through the foaming agent conveyer pipe, and then play the purpose of reinforcing the rock mass.
3. Through foretell stress adjustment tray can be through rotatory, and then increase the anchor power between stock and the rock mass.
4. The installation groove is convenient for various pipelines to pass through, and further ensures the normal pressure application of the stress adjusting tray.
5. Through hole site arrangement mode, guaranteed that in the filling process, the foamer can be along the stock with four directions blowout in circle, and then guaranteed the filling effect.
6. Through the arrangement mode, the structural strength of the stress strain sensor and the water content detection sensor is enhanced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of the invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of B of fig. 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a view showing the actual installation of the anchor rod of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a consolidation method of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises an equipment control end 1, a foaming agent storage and spraying device 2, a stress adjusting tray 3, a foaming agent spraying opening 4, a foaming agent conveying pipe 5, an optical fiber 6, an anchor rod 7, a stress strain sensor 8, a water content detection sensor 9, an external thread 10, an installation groove 11 and a signal line 12.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the self-adjusting anchor rod device for reinforcing the waterlogged rock body with the falling zone comprises an anchor rod 7, wherein a stress adjusting tray 3 for applying tensile force to the anchor rod 7 is sleeved on the anchor rod 7, an external thread 10 is processed on the anchor rod 7, a foaming agent conveying pipe 5 for conveying a foaming agent is wound on the external thread 10, and a foaming agent spraying opening 4 for releasing the foaming agent is formed in the foaming agent conveying pipe 5; the external thread 10 is wound with an optical fiber 6, and the anchor rod 7 is adhered with a stress-strain sensor 8 for monitoring the stress between the anchor rod and the rock mass and a water content detection sensor 9 for monitoring the water content of the gap between the anchor rod and the rock mass; the stress strain sensor 8 is connected with the equipment control end 1 through an optical fiber 6, and the water content detection sensor 9 is connected with the equipment control end 1 through a signal wire 12. Through adopting foretell self-interacting stock device, can carry out real-time supervision to the stress between stock and the rock mass to acquire the mode that the rock mass destroys, in time fill between the adjacent rock mass of thin layer in the middle of losing, with the purpose that reaches the consolidated rock mass, guaranteed the safety and stability of rock mass.
Further, the inlet of the foaming agent conveying pipe 5 is connected with a foaming agent storage and spraying device 2, and the foaming agent storage and spraying device 2 is connected with an equipment control end 1 for controlling the opening of the foaming agent storage and spraying device. By the foaming agent storage and spraying device 2, when the foaming agent is required to be filled, the foaming agent storage and spraying device 2 is automatically controlled to spray the foaming agent and convey the foaming agent to the foaming agent conveying pipe 5, and then the foaming agent is conveyed to the rock body cracks through the foaming agent conveying pipe 5, so that the aim of reinforcing the rock body is fulfilled.
Further, the stress adjustment tray 3 is in contact with the rock surface and provides an anchoring pressure when anchoring. Through foretell stress adjustment tray 3 can be through rotatory, and then increase the anchor power between stock and the rock mass.
Furthermore, an installation groove 11 is formed in one end, located at the stress adjusting tray 3, of the anchor rod 7, and the ends of the foaming agent conveying pipe 5, the signal wire 12 and the optical fiber 6 penetrate through the installation groove 11 and then are connected with the equipment control end 1; the blowing agent delivery tube 5, the signal line 12, and the optical fiber 6 are all made of a high-strength resin material as a protective layer. The installation groove 11 is convenient for various pipelines to pass through, thereby ensuring the normal pressure of the stress adjusting tray 3.
Furthermore, the foaming agent eruption ports 4 on the same circle of external threads 10 are uniformly distributed in four directions. Through hole site arrangement mode, guaranteed that in the filling process, the foamer can be along the stock with four directions blowout in circle, and then guaranteed the filling effect.
Further, the stress-strain sensor 8 and the water content detection sensor 9 are adhered to the outer surface of the anchor rod 7 by high-strength resin. By the above arrangement, the structural strength of the stress-strain sensor 8 and the water content detection sensor 9 is enhanced.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 6, the method for reinforcing the rock mass of the hydro-fluctuation belt by using the self-adjusting anchor rod device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: installing a self-adjusting anchor rod device at the position of the hydro-fluctuation belt, and applying initial stress to the anchor rod 7 through the stress adjusting tray 3;
step two: erosion of rock masses in the falling zone is caused under the action of reservoir water lifting, cementation between rock mass layers is weakened, stress change of rock masses around the anchor rod 7 is monitored in real time through the stress strain sensor 8, detected data are transmitted to the equipment control end 1, and the position of the settlement change of the rock masses along the dip zone is judged; monitoring the water content between the anchor rod 7 and the layer in real time through a water content detection sensor 9, and transmitting the detected data to the equipment control end 1;
step three: the equipment control end 1 judges whether the rock body where the anchor rod 7 is located is a rock body crack or rock stratum falls off according to the received data; if the stress is monitored to be continuously reduced, the crack is a rock body gap; if the stress is monitored to change suddenly and greatly, the rock stratum falls off;
step four: if the laminar rock mass cracks are monitored in the third step, the equipment control end 1 controls the foaming agent storage and spraying device 2 to be opened, the foaming agent storage and spraying device 2 sprays the foaming agent, the foaming agent is sprayed out from the foaming agent spraying opening 4 through the foaming agent conveying pipe 5, the position where the rock mass cracks occur is filled, and interlayer cementation is enhanced;
step five: after the interlayer rock mass cracks are filled, the stress of the interlayer rock mass is increased, the stress strain sensor 8 detects the stress rise, and the stress information is sent to the equipment control end 1;
step six: after receiving the stress rising information, the equipment control end 1 controls the stress adjusting tray 3 to increase the stress of the supporting tray, so that the supporting tray is anchored on the rock mass, and the safety of the rock mass is protected;
step seven: if the rock stratum is monitored to fall off in the third step, the equipment control end 1 controls the stress adjusting tray 3 to release the tray stress, so that the pressure of the tray on the rock mass is reduced, and the safety of the rock mass is protected;
step eight: when the stress of the stress adjusting tray 3 is reduced, the equipment control end 1 controls the foaming agent storing and spraying device 2 to spray the foaming agent;
step nine: after the foaming agent is filled in the step eight, if the rock mass of the anchor rod 7 is above the water level, the crack water between rock mass layers cannot be evaporated due to the isolation of the foaming agent, so that the water content of the rock mass is increased, is detected by the water content detection sensor 9 and is transmitted back to the equipment control end 1;
step ten: when the equipment control end 1 receives the increase of the water content, the cavity filling at the rock mass falling part is judged to be finished, and the foaming agent storage and spraying device 2 is controlled to stop spraying and finish the repairing;
step eleven: after the foaming agent is filled in the step eight, if the anchor rod 7 is positioned below the water surface, the water content is reduced due to the fact that the foaming agent is filled into the empty layer to separate water, the water content is detected by the water content detection sensor 9 and is transmitted back to the equipment control end 1;
step twelve: and after the equipment control end 1 receives the reduction of the water content, judging that the cavity at the rock mass falling part is filled completely, and controlling the foaming agent storage and spraying device 2 to stop spraying to finish repairing.
Claims (5)
1. A self-interacting stock device for falling zone stratiform wading rock mass is consolidated, its characterized in that: the foaming agent spraying device comprises an anchor rod (7), wherein a stress adjusting tray (3) for applying tensile force to the anchor rod (7) is sleeved on the anchor rod (7), an external thread (10) is processed on the anchor rod (7), a foaming agent conveying pipe (5) for conveying a foaming agent is wound on the external thread (10), and a foaming agent spraying opening (4) for releasing the foaming agent is formed in the foaming agent conveying pipe (5); the external thread (10) is wound with an optical fiber (6), and the anchor rod (7) is adhered with a stress-strain sensor (8) for monitoring the stress between the anchor rod and the rock mass and a water content detection sensor (9) for monitoring the water content of the gap between the anchor rod and the rock mass; the stress strain sensor (8) is connected with the equipment control end (1) through an optical fiber (6), and the water content detection sensor (9) is connected with the equipment control end (1) through a signal wire (12);
the inlet of the foaming agent conveying pipe (5) is connected with a foaming agent storage and spraying device (2), and the foaming agent storage and spraying device (2) is connected with an equipment control end (1) for controlling the opening of the foaming agent storage and spraying device;
when anchoring, the stress adjusting tray (3) is in contact with the surface of a rock body and provides anchoring pressure, and the anchoring pressure is adjusted after receiving a signal of the equipment control end (1).
2. A self-adjusting bolt device for the strengthening of a waterline rock mass in a falling zone according to claim 1, characterised in that: an installation groove (11) is formed in one end, located on the stress adjusting tray (3), of the anchor rod (7), and the ends of the foaming agent conveying pipe (5), the signal wire (12) and the optical fiber (6) penetrate through the installation groove (11) and then are connected with the equipment control end (1); the foaming agent conveying pipe (5), the signal wire (12) and the optical fiber (6) are all made of high-strength resin materials as protective layers.
3. A self-adjusting bolt device for the strengthening of a waterline rock mass in a falling zone according to claim 1, characterised in that: the foaming agent eruption ports (4) positioned on the same circle of external threads (10) are uniformly distributed in four directions.
4. A self-adjusting bolt device for the strengthening of a waterline rock mass in a falling zone according to claim 1, characterised in that: the stress strain sensor (8) and the water content detection sensor (9) are adhered to the outer surface of the anchor rod (7) through high-strength resin.
5. A method for reinforcing a waterline rock body in a falling zone by using the self-adjusting anchor rod device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a self-adjusting anchor rod device is arranged at the position of the hydro-fluctuation belt, and initial stress is applied to the anchor rod (7) through the stress adjusting tray (3);
step two: the falling zone stratified rock mass is degraded under the action of reservoir water, the interlayer cementing strength is reduced, so that a local stratified rock mass is separated from a matrix, the separated block is reduced by environmental stress, the stress change of the periphery of a rod body of the anchor rod (7) is monitored in real time through a stress-strain sensor (8), the detected data is transmitted to an equipment control end (1), and the position of the inclined stratified rock mass with interlayer cementing change is judged; monitoring the water content between the anchor rod (7) and the interlayer in real time through a water content detection sensor (9), and transmitting the detected data to an equipment control end (1);
step three: the equipment control end (1) judges whether the rock body where the anchor rod (7) is located is a rock body crack or rock layer falling according to the received data; if the stress is monitored to be continuously reduced, the crack is a rock body gap; if the stress is monitored to change suddenly and greatly, the rock stratum falls off;
step four: if the laminar rock mass cracks are monitored in the third step, the equipment control end (1) controls the foaming agent storage and spraying device (2) to be opened, the foaming agent storage and spraying device (2) sprays the foaming agent, the foaming agent is sprayed out from the foaming agent spraying opening (4) through the foaming agent conveying pipe (5), the positions where the rock mass cracks occur are filled, and interlayer cementation is enhanced;
step five: after the interlayer rock mass crack is filled, the stress of the interlayer rock mass is increased, the stress strain sensor (8) detects the stress rise, and the stress information is sent to the equipment control end (1);
step six: after receiving the stress rising information, the equipment control end (1) controls the stress adjusting tray (3) to increase the stress of the supporting tray, so that the supporting tray is anchored on the rock mass, and the safety of the rock mass is protected;
step seven: if the rock stratum is monitored to fall off in the third step, the equipment control end (1) controls the stress adjusting tray (3) to release the tray stress, so that the pressure of the tray on the rock mass is reduced, and the safety of the rock mass is protected;
step eight: when the stress of the stress adjusting tray (3) is reduced, the equipment control end (1) controls the foaming agent storage and spraying device (2) to spray the foaming agent;
step nine: after the foaming agent is filled in the step eight, if the rock body where the anchor rod (7) is located is above the water level, the crack water between rock body layers cannot be evaporated due to the isolation of the foaming agent, so that the water content of the rock body is increased, is detected by the water content detection sensor (9), and is transmitted back to the equipment control end (1);
step ten: after the equipment control end (1) receives the increase of the water content, the cavity filling at the rock mass falling part is judged to be finished, and the foaming agent storage and spraying device (2) is controlled to stop spraying and finish repairing;
step eleven: after the foaming agent is filled in the step eight, if the anchor rod (7) is positioned below the water surface, the water content is reduced due to the fact that the foaming agent is filled into the empty layer to isolate water, the water content is detected by a water content detection sensor (9), and the water content is transmitted back to the equipment control end (1);
step twelve: and after the equipment control end (1) receives the reduction of the water content, judging that the cavity at the rock mass falling part is filled completely, and controlling the foaming agent storage and spraying device (2) to stop spraying to finish repairing.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011103574.3A CN112160319B (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Self-adjusting anchor rod device and method for reinforcing laminar wading rock body of falling zone |
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| CN202011103574.3A CN112160319B (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Self-adjusting anchor rod device and method for reinforcing laminar wading rock body of falling zone |
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| CN112160319B true CN112160319B (en) | 2021-08-31 |
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| CN114858322B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2024-04-30 | 山东道宽智能科技有限公司 | Waterproof mining optical fiber anchor rod stress sensor based on 5G fusion technology |
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2020
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| EP0027656A1 (en) * | 1979-10-23 | 1981-04-29 | Fin Est S.P.A. | An apparatus for automatically sensing and transmitting the displacement of the end of a strand or cable |
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| CN206635826U (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-11-14 | 三峡大学 | A kind of side slope ess-strain monitoring device based on fibre optical sensor |
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