CN112159127B - Prestressed cement, preparation method and application thereof, prestressed cement slurry and application thereof - Google Patents
Prestressed cement, preparation method and application thereof, prestressed cement slurry and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/02—Portland cement
- C04B7/04—Portland cement using raw materials containing gypsum, i.e. processes of the Mueller-Kuehne type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/48—Clinker treatment
- C04B7/52—Grinding ; After-treatment of ground cement
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Abstract
The invention mainly aims to provide prestressed cement, a preparation method and application thereof, prestressed cement slurry and application thereof. The prestressed cement comprises cement clinker and gypsum; the mineral composition of the cement clinker mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 41 to 50 percent of tricalcium silicate; 29 to 38 percent of dicalcium silicate; 0 to 3 percent of tricalcium aluminate; 15 to 22 percent of tetracalcium aluminoferrite; the specific value of the cement clinker is as follows: KH is 0.83-0.89, SM is 2.7-3.0, and IM is 0.65-0.9; in the prestressed cement, SO3The mass percentage of the component (A) is 2.1-2.4%. The technical problem to be solved is to make the prestressed cement meeting the construction requirement of the nuclear power safety island be localized and replace imported cement in France; the prestressed cement can meet the engineering construction requirements of the safety island, has no problems of long transportation time, inconvenient communication and problem solving, is economical in cost, reduces the nuclear power construction cost, and has high material supply efficiency, thereby being more suitable for practical use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special cement manufacturing, and particularly relates to prestressed cement, a preparation method and application thereof, and prestressed cement slurry and application thereof.
Background
In 2011, the national development and modification committee is adopted to examine and approve and report 'development planning of new energy industry', and two goals of improving carbon emission reduction and non-fossil energy proportion are developed in an important way; the non-fossil energy industry will step into the development phase. By the estimated 2020, the Chinese new energy power generation and installation machine is 2.9 hundred million kilowatts, which accounts for about 17 percent of the total installation machine. Wherein the nuclear power installation will reach 7000 ten thousand kilowatts. In the middle and long term, the development of pollution-free clean coal power generation technology is the key for realizing low-carbon economy in China, and the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) technology becomes the mainstream of future coal power. The containment vessel is a containment structure of a nuclear island of a nuclear power plant, is a last barrier for preventing radioactive substances from diffusing when a design accident occurs, and is a key facility for ensuring the safety of the nuclear power plant.
The containment structure of the nuclear island can be divided into three types, namely a reinforced concrete structure, a prestressed concrete structure and a steel structure. A France technology is adopted in the Liaoning red river-following nuclear power station all the time, and a containment is of a prestressed concrete single-layer shell structure with a sealing steel lining, so that the wall thickness of concrete is close to 1m, and a cylindrical building with a hemispherical dome is formed. The cylindrical part is made of nuclear power cement concrete, and the dome is made of prestressed reinforcement and poured by prestressed cement paste (delayed coagulation paste). The cement for pouring the prestressed reinforcement of the nuclear island dome is called nuclear power prestressed cement.
At present, prestressed cement for domestic nuclear power plant construction is imported from France. On one hand, the imported cement has high economic cost and long transportation time; on the other hand, if the cement quality is in a problem, communication with a supplier and problem solving are not timely, and the problem of engineering progress is relatively large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide prestressed cement, a preparation method and application thereof, prestressed cement slurry and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem of domesticating the prestressed cement meeting the requirement of nuclear power safety island construction to replace imported French cement; the prestressed cement can meet the engineering construction requirements of the safety island, has no problems of long transportation time, inconvenient communication and problem solving, is economical in cost, reduces the nuclear power construction cost, and has high material supply efficiency, thereby being more suitable for practical use.
The purpose of the invention and the technical problem to be solved are realized by adopting the following technical scheme. The invention provides prestressed cement, which comprises cement clinker and gypsum; the mineral composition of the cement clinker mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the specific value of the cement clinker is as follows: KH is 0.83-0.89, SM is 2.7-3.0, and IM is 0.65-0.9;
in the prestressed cement, SO3The mass percentage of the component (A) is 2.1-2.4%.
The object of the present invention and the technical problems solved thereby can be further achieved by the following technical measures.
Preferably, the prestressed cement mainly comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
the cement clinker also comprises sodium oxide and potassium oxide, wherein R is sodium oxide and potassium oxide2O＜0.6％。
Preferably, the prestressed cement, wherein the physical properties of said cement clinker are as follows:
1) the specific surface area is 330-370 square meters per kilogram;
2) the initial setting time is more than or equal to 90min, and the final setting time is less than or equal to 360 min;
3) based on the mass percentage content, the water consumption of the standard consistency is 21-27 percent;
4) the 3d flexural strength is 4.0-5.5 Mpa, and the 28d flexural strength is 7.5-9.5 Mpa; the 3d compressive strength is 21-25 Mpa, and the 28d compressive strength is 52-56 Mpa;
5) the 28d dry shrinkage is less than or equal to 1000 um/m;
6) the hydration heat of the mixture is 230-251 kj/kg in 3 days, and 270-293 kj/kg in 7 days;
7) the abrasion loss of the wear-resistant layer is less than or equal to 3.0kg per square meter after 28 days;
8) the 14d linear expansion coefficient is less than or equal to 0.040 percent.
Preferably, the prestressed cement is a natural dihydrate gypsum; the content of the crystal water of the gypsum is more than or equal to 15 percent by mass percentage.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the prestressed cement is 330-370 square meters per kg; the particle size distribution is as follows by mass percent:
preferably, the prestressed cement is prepared into slurry with water cement ratio of 0.4, and S in the slurry is calculated by mass percentage2-<0.01％，Cl-And NO3 -Total amount of (2)<0.02％。
The object of the present invention and the technical problem to be solved are also achieved by the following technical means. The preparation method of the prestressed cement provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) compounding of cement clinker and gypsum to make SO in the mixture3The mass percentage of the component (A) is 2.1-2.4%; wherein, the mineral composition of the cement clinker mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the specific value of the cement clinker is as follows: KH is 0.83-0.89, SM is 2.7-3.0, and IM is 0.65-0.9;
2) rolling, scattering and grinding the prepared material in the step 1);
3) selecting powder from the materials obtained by grinding in the step 2), returning the materials with the fineness not meeting the requirement to grinding in the step 2), and collecting the materials with the fineness meeting the requirement as prestressed cement.
Preferably, in the grinding in step 2), the grinding temperature of the cement clinker is less than or equal to 60 ℃; the grinding temperature of the prestressed cement is less than or equal to 90 ℃.
Preferably, the method of the preceding, wherein the gypsum is natural dihydrate gypsum; the content of the crystal water of the gypsum is more than or equal to 15 percent by mass percentage.
The object of the present invention and the technical problem to be solved are also achieved by the following technical means. The invention provides prestressed cement slurry which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
wherein the prestressed cement is the prestressed cement; the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is SP 337; the sodium tripolyphosphate retarder RP 264.
The object of the present invention and the technical problem to be solved are also achieved by the following technical means. The invention provides application of the prestressed cement paste in construction of a nuclear power dome.
The object of the present invention and the technical problem to be solved are also achieved by the following technical means. The invention also relates to the use of the prestressed cement according to the invention in road and airport pavement engineering.
By the technical scheme, the prestressed cement and the preparation method and application thereof, and the prestressed cement slurry and the application thereof provided by the invention at least have the following advantages:
1. the prestressed cement provided by the invention is portland cement, but compared with the conventional portland cement, the prestressed cement has the mineral compositions of tricalcium aluminate, tricalcium silicate, free calcium oxide and R2The content of O (alkali metal oxide) is low, and simultaneously, the silicate mineral substance is relatively perfect and coarse in crystallizationThe cement has slow early hydration, the fluidity of the cement and the compatibility of the cement and additives are superior to those of other clinkers, and the prestressed cement prepared by the cement has good performance;
2. the invention provides a prestressed cement which is added with partial gypsum to adjust the setting performance, the content of sulfur trioxide in the cement is controlled to be between 2.1 and 2.4 percent, the content of crystal water in the added gypsum is more than or equal to 15 percent, the main component is dihydrate gypsum, and simultaneously the grinding temperature of cement clinker and the grinding temperature of cement are strictly limited by controlling the grinding process of the cement, so that the gypsum is in a lower temperature environment of between 60 and 90 ℃ in the whole grinding process, and the crystal water in the dihydrate gypsum can not be dehydrated to cause the problems of rapid setting, false setting and the like of the prestressed cement, thereby being capable of meeting the rheological performance requirement of the prestressed cement;
3. the prestressed cement provided by the invention has a wide particle size distribution range of cement particles, on one hand, the cement contains a certain proportion of fine particles, wherein the particles with the particle size of less than 3 mu m are controlled within the range of 8-12%, preferably about 10%, so that the cement can have a sufficient hydration speed; on the other hand, the cement contains a certain proportion of coarse particles with fineness, wherein the proportion of coarse particles with fineness larger than 100 mu m is required to be contained so as to enable the cement to set for a longer time. By controlling the particle size distribution of the cement, the cement can meet the requirements of other physical properties and can better balance performance indexes in two aspects of rheological property and water precipitation rate;
4. the prestressed cement provided by the invention can simultaneously meet the requirements of high-sulfate-resistance portland cement GB/T31545. sup. 2015 and sulfate-resistance portland cement GB. sup. 2005 and the requirements of road portland cement GB/T13693. sup. 2017 by controlling the composition of cement clinker, the composition of gypsum and the proportion of cement clinker and gypsum and further controlling the gradation of cement particles and the comprehensive application of a series of technical means, and has the performance of resisting the corrosion of higher-concentration sulfate ions while meeting all the requirements of the nuclear power prestressed cement; the material has certain wear resistance and dry shrinkage resistance, and is suitable for road pavement and airport pavement engineering;
5. according to the prestressed cement provided by the invention, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a sodium tripolyphosphate retarder are added, and the admixture is stirred to prepare prestressed cement slurry by adjusting the addition amount and the water-cement ratio of the admixture; the product performance and the construction performance of the prestressed cement slurry can meet the standard requirements of cement pouring for a nuclear island dome of a red river secondary project, French imported cement applied in projects in the prior art can be replaced, economic cost (material cost, transportation cost, time cost and communication cost) is greatly saved, and production efficiency is improved.
The foregoing is a summary of the present invention, and in order to provide a clear understanding of the technical means of the present invention and to be implemented in accordance with the present specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be given to the prestressed cement and its preparation method and application, the prestressed cement slurry and its application, and the detailed implementation, structure, characteristics and effects thereof according to the present invention.
The invention provides prestressed cement, which comprises cement clinker and gypsum; the mineral composition of the cement clinker mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the specific value of the cement clinker is as follows: KH is 0.83-0.89, SM is 2.7-3.0, and IM is 0.65-0.9;
in the prestressed cement, SO3The mass percentage of the component (A) is 2.1-2.4%.
The cement clinker is portland cement, but the mineral of the cement clinker is compared with the mineral of the conventional portland cementThe composition comprises tricalcium aluminate, tricalcium silicate, free calcium oxide, and R2The content of O (alkali metal oxide) is low, and simultaneously, silicate minerals are relatively complete and coarse in crystallization, so that the early hydration of the cement is slow, and the fluidity of the cement and the compatibility with additives are superior to those of other clinkers, thereby being an ideal choice for producing prestressed cement.
In the above technical solutions, the specific values of the cement clinker are all defined as the conventional meanings in the art, and are as follows: KH represents the lime saturation ratio coefficient, which means the degree of silica saturated by calcium oxide, and the calculation formula is as follows: KH ═ Al (CaO-1.85 × Al)2O3-0.35×Fe2O3)/2.8×SiO2. SM also called N value, is silicic acid rate, is calculated by the proportion of silicon dioxide to the sum of aluminum oxide and ferric oxide, and has the following formula: SM ═ SiO2/(Al2O3+Fe2O3). The IM is also called P value, which means the aluminum rate, and is obtained by calculating the proportion of aluminum oxide to ferric oxide, and the formula is as follows: IM ═ Al2O3/Fe2O3。
The sulfur trioxide is introduced by the incorporation of gypsum in the cement to adjust setting time. The proper sulfur trioxide content can improve the performance of cement, but the excessive sulfur trioxide content can cause volume expansion of hardened set cement and damage to the structure, so that the sulfur trioxide content in the cement needs to be strictly controlled. In the technical scheme of the invention, the content of sulfur trioxide in cement has a great influence on the rheological property of the cement, and according to the actual production experience, when the content of sulfur trioxide is less than or equal to 2.4%, the rheological property of the cement can be gradually improved along with the increase of the content of sulfur trioxide, but the effect is not obvious when the content of sulfur trioxide is continuously increased. The preferable content of sulfur trioxide in the technical scheme of the method is 2.1-2.4%.
Preferably, the cement clinker mainly comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
the cement clinker also comprises sodium oxide and potassium oxide, wherein R is sodium oxide and potassium oxide2O＜0.6％。
In the technical scheme, the ignition loss is the weight percentage lost after the raw material dried at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ is ignited at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃. The loss on ignition content of the feedstock is primarily used to characterize the gaseous products of the thermal decomposition of the feedstock, such as H2O，CO2And the content of organic matters, so that whether the raw materials need to be calcined in advance when in use can be judged, and the volume of the raw materials is stable.
Said R2The content of O represents the alkali content of the cement clinker, and is obtained by calculating the content of potassium oxide and the content of sodium oxide, and the calculation formula is as follows: r2O＝0.658×K2O+Na2O。
The chemical composition analysis of the cement clinker is carried out by the conventional methods in the field. Among them, magnesium oxide is a directly measured value, and the result can be obtained by chemical analysis or fluorescence analysis. Potassium oxide and sodium oxide are typically measured using a flame photometer.
Free calcium oxide refers to calcium oxide that is not present in a combined state but in a free state in cement clinker, and is also called free lime (f-CaO).
Preferably, the physical properties of the cement clinker are as follows:
1) the specific surface area is 330-370 square meters per kilogram;
2) the initial setting time is more than or equal to 90min, and the final setting time is less than or equal to 360 min;
3) based on the mass percentage content, the water consumption of the standard consistency is 21-27 percent;
4) the 3d flexural strength is 4.0-5.5 Mpa, and the 28d flexural strength is 7.5-9.5 Mpa; the 3d compressive strength is 21-25 Mpa, and the 28d compressive strength is 52-56 Mpa;
5) the 28d dry shrinkage is less than or equal to 1000 um/m;
6) the hydration heat of the mixture is 230-251 kj/kg in 3 days, and 270-293 kj/kg in 7 days;
7) the abrasion loss of the wear-resistant layer is less than or equal to 3.0kg per square meter after 28 days;
8) the 14d linear expansion coefficient is less than or equal to 0.040 percent.
Preferably, the gypsum is natural dihydrate gypsum; the content of the crystal water of the gypsum is more than or equal to 15 percent by mass percentage.
The setting and hardening speed of cement can be adjusted by adding a proper amount of gypsum into the cement. When the cement is ground, if gypsum is not added or the added amount of gypsum is insufficient, the cement can generate instant setting, namely rapid setting. However, if the gypsum is added in too much amount, the cement will set for too long time, even will not set.
The gypsum is added into the cement, the adding amount is mainly determined according to the content requirement of sulfur trioxide in the prestressed cement, and the content of the sulfur trioxide has certain influence on the rheological property of the cement.
Gypsum exists in a variety of forms. Can be anhydrous gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum and dihydrate gypsum. The natural gypsum is dihydrate gypsum, which is gradually converted into another form after being heated, and the opposite change occurs after moisture absorption. Heating and dehydrating the dihydrate gypsum to obtain hemihydrate gypsum; setting time of the semi-hydrated gypsum is short, building gypsum is initially set for 4-8 minutes and is finally set for 10-13 minutes; the high-strength gypsum is initially set for 3-8 minutes and is finally set for 15-30 minutes.
The technical scheme of the invention ensures that the added gypsum is mainly dihydrate gypsum by controlling the content of crystal water in the gypsum, thereby controlling the setting time and other hardening performances of the cement. In the technical scheme of the invention, the gypsum is preferably Shanxi natural dihydrate gypsum.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the cement is 330-370 square meters per kg; the particle size distribution is as follows by mass percent:
in the technical scheme, the particles less than 3 mu m are also contained in the particles less than 10 mu m, and the data of the particles and the particles have intersection; similarly, particles > 100 μm, > 120 μm, > 140 μm and > 160 μm are included in particles > 80 μm; particles > 120 μm, > 140 μm and > 160 μm are included in particles > 100 μm; the particles larger than 120 μm comprise particles larger than 140 μm and particles larger than 160 μm; particles > 160 μm are included in particles > 140 μm.
In prestressed cement, the particle size distribution of cement is a critical indicator in order to balance the rheology and water-release properties of the cement slurry. The technical scheme of the invention requires wide particle size distribution of the cement. On one hand, the cement contains a certain proportion of fine particles, wherein the particles with the particle size of less than 3 mu m are controlled within the range of 8-12%, preferably about 10%, so that the cement can have a sufficient hydration speed; on the other hand, the cement contains a certain proportion of coarse particles with fineness, wherein the proportion of coarse particles with fineness larger than 100 mu m is required to be contained so as to enable the cement to set for a longer time. By controlling the particle size distribution of the cement, the cement can meet the requirements of other physical properties and can better balance performance indexes in two aspects of rheological property and water precipitation rate.
The prestressed cement has all the performance requirements of the cement composite prestressed cement by controlling the composition of cement clinker, the composition of gypsum and the proportion of the cement clinker and the gypsum, further controlling the gradation of cement particles and comprehensively applying a series of technical means.
Preferably, the S is prepared into slurry according to the water-cement ratio of 0.4, and the S in the slurry is calculated according to the mass percentage2-<0.01％，Cl-And NO3 -Total amount of (2)<0.02 percent. When S in the prestressed cement slurry2-、Cl-And NO3 -If the content of (b) is less than the above standard, the rheology and water-separating property of the prestressed cement slurry will be in a better balance state.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the prestressed cement, which comprises the following steps:
1) compounding of cement clinker and gypsum to make SO in the mixture3The mass percentage of the component (A) is 2.1-2.4%; wherein, the mineral composition of the cement clinker mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the specific value of the cement clinker is as follows: KH is 0.83-0.89, SM is 2.7-3.0, and IM is 0.65-0.9;
2) rolling, scattering and grinding the prepared material in the step 1);
3) selecting powder from the materials obtained by grinding in the step 2), returning the materials with the fineness not meeting the requirement to grinding in the step 2), and collecting the materials with the fineness meeting the requirement as prestressed cement.
When the prestressed cement is prepared, firstly, cement clinker and gypsum are proportioned, the mixture is rolled by a roller press, broken up by a breaker and then ground by a grinding machine; selecting the ground materials by a powder selecting machine, selecting the materials with fineness and particle size composition meeting the requirements as prestressed cement, and packaging finished products for storage; returning the material with the fineness and the particle size distribution which do not meet the requirements to the step 2) for regrinding.
Preferably, when the powder is ground in the step 2), the grinding temperature of the cement clinker is less than or equal to 60 ℃; the grinding temperature of the prestressed cement is less than or equal to 90 ℃.
The cement clinker after firing is round and granular, the discharging temperature is high, and the temperature of the cement clinker needs to be reduced to below 60 ℃ before the cement clinker enters grinding. The gypsum is crushed into blocks before being milled. In the process control, the temperature of the cement clinker in the mill is strictly controlled to be not higher than 60 ℃, because the cement grinding system can bear the temperature, and the cement clinker can be prevented from dehydrating crystal water in gypsum at a higher temperature. In the technical scheme of the invention, the whole grinding process is in the temperature range of 60-90 ℃ by controlling the grinding temperature of the cement clinker not to be too high and controlling the heat dissipation level of the grinding system. In the temperature range, the gypsum is hardly dehydrated, and the cement does not cause the problems of rapid setting, false setting and the like of the prestressed cement due to the reduction of crystal water, so that the rheological property requirement of the prestressed cement can be met.
Preferably, the gypsum is natural dihydrate gypsum; the content of the crystal water of the gypsum is more than or equal to 15 percent by mass percentage.
The main component of the gypsum is dihydrate gypsum, and the content of crystal water is more than or equal to 15% by mass. In the cement grinding process, the process temperature in the grinding process is strictly controlled, so that crystal water in the gypsum is not dehydrated, and the setting time of the prestressed cement and other hardening performances are stable and controllable.
The doping amount of the dihydrate gypsum is about 5 percent generally based on the mass percentage, but the process is not strictly limited, the purpose of adding the dihydrate gypsum is to adjust the content of the sulfur trioxide in the prestressed cement, and the mass percentage of the sulfur trioxide in the cement is strictly controlled to be 2.1-2.4 percent during process control.
The invention also provides prestressed cement slurry which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
wherein the prestressed cement is the prestressed cement; the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is SP 337; the sodium tripolyphosphate retarder RP 264.
The prestressed cement is added with a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a sodium tripolyphosphate retarder, and is stirred to prepare prestressed cement paste by adjusting the addition amount and the water-cement ratio of the admixture. The product performance and the construction performance of the cement-based composite material can meet the standard requirements of cement pouring of a nuclear island dome of a red river second-stage project, French imported cement applied in projects in the prior art can be replaced, economic cost (material cost, transportation cost, time cost and communication cost) is greatly saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
The invention also provides application of the prestressed cement slurry in construction of a nuclear power dome.
The invention also provides application of the prestressed cement in road pavement and airport pavement engineering.
The prestressed cement can simultaneously meet the following three standards by controlling the composition of cement clinker, the composition of gypsum and the proportion of the cement clinker and the gypsum and further controlling the gradation of cement particles and comprehensively applying a series of technical means: portland cement GB/T31545 for nuclear power engineering; sulphate-resistant portland cement GB 748, further, the prestressed cement meets the requirements of sulphate-resistant portland cement in this standard; and also conforms to road portland cement GB/T13693.
Furthermore, the prestressed cement provided by the invention has the performance of resisting the corrosion of sulfate ions with higher concentration while meeting all requirements of nuclear power prestressed cement; has certain wear resistance and dry shrinkage resistance, and is suitable for road pavement and airport pavement engineering.
The following is further illustrated by specific examples. Wherein, the detection method of each performance in the invention adopts the conventional method in the field to test.
Example 1
95 parts of cement clinker and 5 parts of natural dihydrate gypsum are weighed. Wherein, the chemical component analysis of the cement clinker is shown in table 1:
table 1, contents in mass percent%
| Loss on ignition | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | SO3 | K2O | Na2O | f-CaO |
| 0.11 | 23.40 | 3.36 | 4.94 | 64 | 2.1 | 0.69 | 0.6 | 0.07 | 0.27 |
The mineral composition and the ratio value of the cement clinker are shown in a table 2-1:
table 2-1, contents in mass% are%
| C3S | C2S | C3A | C4AF | KH | SM | IM |
| 50.19 | 29.52 | 0.56 | 15.02 | 0.862 | 2.82 | 0.68 |
The physical properties of the cement clinker are shown in tables 2-2:
tables 2 to 2
The gypsum is natural dihydrate gypsum produced in Shanxi province, and the content of crystal water is more than 15% when the gypsum is tested in factory.
Grinding the weighed cement clinker and gypsum, controlling the grinding temperature of the cement clinker to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, and setting the grinding process parameters as follows: the roll gap difference of the roll squeezer is controlled to be 5-15 mm; controlling the current of the cement grinding mill to be 80-90A; the air plate of the high-pressure fan of the 1# cement mill is controlled to be 56-60 percent; the 2# cement mill high pressure fan air plate is controlled at 28% -32%; the rotating speed of the powder concentrator is 1170 r/min-1240 r/min; current of the main machine of the roller press is 250A-350A; the host machine current is 18A-25A. The grinding temperature of the cement is less than or equal to 90 ℃; and sorting out the powder with fineness and grain size meeting the requirement as the prestressed cement.
Sampling and detecting the prestressed cement, wherein the sulfur trioxide content of the prestressed cement is 2.16% by mass.
The grain composition of the prestressed cement is analyzed and shown in Table 3, the physical properties are shown in Table 4-1, and the chemical properties are shown in Table 4-2:
table 3, contents in mass percent%
| ＜3um | ＜10um | 10-32um | 32-65um | 65-80um | ＞80um | ＞100um | ＞120um | ＞140um | ＞160um |
| 10.56 | 29.17 | 37.68 | 24.03 | 4.44 | 4.68 | 1.66 | 0.50 | 0.10 | 0.01 |
TABLE 4-1
TABLE 4-2
| S2-(slurry) | Cl-+NO3 -(slurry) | f-CaO | R2O | Insoluble substance | Cl- | MgO |
| 0.007 | 0.016 | 0.17 | 0.43 | 0.55 | 0.013 | 2.04 |
Said S2-、Cl-And NO3 -During detection, the prestressed cement is prepared into cement paste with a water cement ratio of 0.4 for detection.
The formula of the prestressed cement slurry prepared by using the prestressed cement of the embodiment is shown in table 5:
TABLE 5
The properties of the prestressed cement slurry were measured, and the results are shown in Table 6,
TABLE 6
The prestressed cement and prestressed cement slurry prepared by the technical scheme of the embodiment are applied to complete tests of rheological property, water precipitation rate, dry density of a test body, porosity of the test body, capillary water absorption and the like at the temperature of 5 ℃ and 30 ℃, and the results are equivalent to that of imported cement in France, so that the construction requirements of nuclear power stations are met.
Example 2
95 parts of cement clinker and 5 parts of natural dihydrate gypsum are weighed. Wherein, the chemical component analysis of the cement clinker is shown in table 7:
table 7, contents in mass percent%
| Loss on ignition | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | SO3 | K2O | Na2O | f-CaO |
| 0.10 | 23.98 | 3.36 | 4.94 | 63 | 2.8 | 0.65 | 0.6 | 0.07 | 0.27 |
The mineral composition and ratio values of the cement clinker are shown in the table 8-1:
table 8-1, contents by mass%
| C3S | C2S | C3A | C4AF | KH | SM | IM |
| 41.71 | 37.54 | 0.56 | 15.02 | 0.831 | 2.93 | 0.7 |
The physical properties of the cement clinker are shown in Table 8-2:
TABLE 8-2
The gypsum is natural dihydrate gypsum produced in Shanxi province, and the content of crystal water is more than 15% when the gypsum is tested in factory.
Grinding the weighed cement clinker and gypsum, controlling the grinding temperature of the cement clinker to be less than or equal to 60 ℃, and setting the grinding process parameters as follows: the roll gap difference of the roll squeezer is controlled to be 5-15 mm; controlling the current of the cement grinding mill to be 80-90A; the air plate of the high-pressure fan of the 1# cement mill is controlled to be 56-60 percent; the 2# cement mill high pressure fan air plate is controlled at 28% -32%; the rotating speed of the powder concentrator is 1170 r/min-1240 r/min; current of the main machine of the roller press is 250A-350A; the host machine current is 18A-25A. The grinding temperature of the cement is less than or equal to 90 ℃; and sorting out the powder with fineness and grain size meeting the requirement as the prestressed cement.
Sampling and detecting the prestressed cement, wherein the sulfur trioxide content of the prestressed cement is 2.38% by mass.
The grain composition of the prestressed cement is analyzed and shown in Table 9, the physical properties are shown in Table 10-1, and the chemical properties are shown in Table 10-2:
table 9, contents by mass percentage
| ＜3um | ＜10um | 10-32um | 32-65um | 65-80um | ＞80um | ＞100um | ＞120um | ＞140um | ＞160um |
| 10.92 | 30.04 | 37.12 | 23.67 | 4.36 | 4.81 | 1.73 | 0.52 | 0.11 | 0.02 |
TABLE 10-1
TABLE 10-2
| S2-(slurry) | Cl-+NO3 -(slurry) | f-CaO | R2O | Insoluble substance | Cl- | MgO |
| 0.008 | 0.017 | 0.21 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.014 | 2.33 |
Said S2-、Cl-And NO3 -During detection, the prestressed cement is prepared into cement paste with a water cement ratio of 0.4 for detection.
The formula of the prestressed cement slurry prepared by using the prestressed cement of the embodiment is shown in table 11:
TABLE 11
| Prestressed cement | 100 portions of |
| Water (W) | 35 portions of |
| SP337 polycarboxylate superplasticizer | 1.1 parts of |
| RP264 sodium tripolyphosphate retarder | 0.25 part |
The properties of the prestressed cement slurry were measured, and the results are shown in Table 12,
TABLE 12
The prestressed cement and prestressed cement slurry prepared by the technical scheme of the embodiment are applied to complete tests of rheological property, water precipitation rate, dry density of a test body, porosity of the test body, capillary water absorption and the like at the temperature of 5 ℃ and 30 ℃, and the results are equivalent to that of imported cement in France, so that the construction requirements of nuclear power stations are met.
The features of the invention claimed and/or described in the specification may be combined, and are not limited to the combinations set forth in the claims by the recitations therein. The technical solutions obtained by combining the technical features in the claims and/or the specification also belong to the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A prestressed cement, characterized in that it comprises cement clinker and gypsum; the mineral composition of the cement clinker mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 41% -50% of tricalcium silicate; 29% -38% of dicalcium silicate; 0% -3% of tricalcium aluminate; 15% -22% of tetracalcium aluminoferrite;
the specific value of the cement clinker is as follows: KH is 0.83-0.89, SM is 2.7-3.0, and IM is 0.65-0.9;
in the prestressed cement, SO3The mass percentage of the component (A) is 2.1-2.4%;
wherein the cement clinker mainly comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 22.50% -23.50% of silicon dioxide; aluminum oxide3.20% -3.80%; 4.40% -4.95% of ferric oxide; 62.0% -64.0% of calcium oxide; magnesium oxide, less than or equal to 4 percent; free calcium oxide less than or equal to 1 percent; the ignition loss is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; the cement clinker also comprises sodium oxide and potassium oxide, wherein R is sodium oxide and potassium oxide2O＜0.6%；
The specific surface area of the cement is 330-370 square meters per kg; the particle size distribution is as follows by mass percent: less than 3 mu m, 8-12%; less than 10 μm, 25-35%; 35-40% of 10-32 μm; 20-25% of a particle with a diameter of 32-65 μm; 65-80 μm, 3-6%; more than 80 μm, 4-6%; more than 100 μm, 1-2%; more than 120 μm, 0.5-1%; more than 140 μm, 0.1-0.3%; more than 160 μm, 0.01-0.05%.
2. The prestressed cement of claim 1, wherein said cement clinker has the following physical properties:
1) the specific surface area is 330-370 square meters per kilogram;
2) the initial setting time is more than or equal to 90min, and the final setting time is less than or equal to 360 min;
3) the water consumption of the standard consistency is 21-27% in percentage by mass;
4) the 3d flexural strength is 4.0-5.5 Mpa, and the 28d flexural strength is 7.5-9.5 Mpa; the 3d compressive strength is 21-25 Mpa, and the 28d compressive strength is 52-56 Mpa;
5) the 28d dry shrinkage is less than or equal to 1000 um/m;
6) the hydration heat of the mixture is 230-251 kj/kg in 3 days, and 270-293 kj/kg in 7 days;
7) the abrasion loss of the wear-resistant layer is less than or equal to 3.0kg per square meter after 28 days;
8) the 14d linear expansion coefficient is less than or equal to 0.040 percent.
3. The prestressed cement of claim 1, wherein said gypsum is natural dihydrate gypsum; the content of the crystal water of the gypsum is more than or equal to 15 percent by mass percentage.
4. The prestressed cement of claim 1, wherein said prestressed cement is prepared into slurry with water-cement ratio of 0.4, and S is contained in said slurry by mass percentage2-<0.01%，Cl-And NO3 -Total amount of (2)<0.02%。
5. A method for preparing a prestressed cement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1) compounding of cement clinker and gypsum to make SO in the mixture3The mass percentage of the component (A) is 2.1-2.4%; wherein, the mineral composition of the cement clinker mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 41% -50% of tricalcium silicate; 29% -38% of dicalcium silicate; 0% -3% of tricalcium aluminate; 15% -22% of tetracalcium aluminoferrite;
the specific value of the cement clinker is as follows: KH is 0.83-0.89, SM is 2.7-3.0, and IM is 0.65-0.9;
2) rolling, scattering and grinding the prepared material in the step 1);
3) selecting powder from the materials obtained by grinding in the step 2), returning the materials with the fineness not meeting the requirement to grinding in the step 2), and collecting the materials with the fineness meeting the requirement as prestressed cement.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the grinding temperature of the cement clinker is less than or equal to 60 ℃ during the grinding in the step 2); the grinding temperature of the prestressed cement is less than or equal to 90 ℃.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein said gypsum is natural dihydrate gypsum; the content of the crystal water of the gypsum is more than or equal to 15 percent by mass percentage.
8. The prestressed cement slurry is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 50-100 parts of prestressed cement; 30-35 parts of water; 0.9-1.1 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; 0.15-0.25 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate retarder;
wherein the prestressed cement is the prestressed cement of any one of claims 1 to 4; the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is SP 337; the sodium tripolyphosphate retarder RP 264.
9. Use of the pre-stressed cement slurry of claim 8 in nuclear power dome construction.
10. Use of the prestressed cement according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in road surfacing and airfield surfacing engineering.
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