CN112144081A - Device for dissolving and removing metal capillary electroforming core mold and demolding method - Google Patents

Device for dissolving and removing metal capillary electroforming core mold and demolding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112144081A
CN112144081A CN202011161365.4A CN202011161365A CN112144081A CN 112144081 A CN112144081 A CN 112144081A CN 202011161365 A CN202011161365 A CN 202011161365A CN 112144081 A CN112144081 A CN 112144081A
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China
Prior art keywords
clamp
capillary
dissolving
electroforming
metal capillary
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CN202011161365.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
明平美
李士成
闫亮
王文凯
牛屾
郑兴帅
张亚楠
韩磊
李宗彬
张新民
曹军
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D1/00Electroforming
    • C25D1/20Separation of the formed objects from the electrodes with no destruction of said electrodes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D1/00Electroforming
    • C25D1/02Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Optical Record Carriers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electrochemical machining, and provides a device for dissolving and removing a metal capillary electroforming core mold and a demolding method. The device of the invention takes a bracket, a driving motor, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid storage tank and a height-adjusting column as the basis, and takes an electromagnet, a permanent magnet, a nozzle, a clamp, a dissolving tank and a brake as the core to realize the dissolving and demolding of the capillary together. Different from the traditional mechanical external force demoulding and the common dissolution demoulding, the invention utilizes the nozzle to shoot the solution to the core mould at a high speed to realize the dissolution of the core mould, then utilizes the clamp to drive the capillary to rotate at a high speed, and realizes the discharge of the dissolved product in the capillary under the action of centrifugal force, thereby solving the problems that the solution is difficult to enter the capillary and the dissolved product is difficult to discharge from the capillary in a simple and efficient way. The invention can simplify the demoulding operation and improve the success rate of demoulding while ensuring that the precision of the electroformed capillary is not influenced.

Description

Device for dissolving and removing metal capillary electroforming core mold and demolding method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical machining, and particularly relates to a device for dissolving and removing a metal capillary electroforming core mold and a demolding method.
Background
Metal capillary tubes with an inner diameter of several hundred micrometers or less are used in many fields, such as chromatography tubes, signal tubes of automated instruments, probe tubes for electronic tests, optical fiber connecting tubes, and injection needles. Electroforming is an additive precision manufacturing technique. The method is a process of utilizing the principle of metal ion cathode electrodeposition to deposit metal, alloy or metal-based composite material with a certain thickness on the surface of a core mold, and separating the core mold from the metal, alloy or metal-based composite material by utilizing a certain technical means to obtain a product. The electroforming has the advantages of coordinated regulation and control of material organization structure-performance-surface morphology, high precision, small internal stress, compact material, low implementation process temperature, wide applicable material range and the like, and is particularly suitable for precise metal components with low rigidity and micro-scale.
Because electroforming mainly realizes the forming process of an electroformed product by copying the geometric shape of a core mould, after the electroforming process is finished, the demoulding step of the electroforming core mould is the key and core step of electroforming. For electroforming metal capillaries, the electroforming mandrel used is often a fine wire because of the small inner diameter of the capillary, and the fine wire is wrapped inside the metal capillary after electroforming. This results in very challenging removal of the metal capillary electroforming mandrel. From the principle analysis, there are several demolding methods such as thermal expansion and cold shrinkage method, mechanical deformation method, dissolution method, etc. The thermal expansion and cold shrinkage method is characterized in that different thermal expansion coefficients of different metals are utilized, and the volume of the metals is expanded or contracted in different sizes through temperature change, so that the bonding force between the core mold and the deposited layer is damaged, and a gap is formed between the core mold and the deposited layer to achieve the purpose of demolding. For electroforming of metal capillaries, the expansion and contraction method is not ideal enough, and the reasons are that: (1) the diameter of the metal wire of the electroforming core mold is generally from several micrometers to tens of micrometers, and the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients between the core mold and the deposited layer metal is not large, so that the clearance generated by the volume change caused by the temperature change of the core mold and the deposited layer metal is not enough to support the demolding operation; (2) the metal of the tube wall of the capillary tube is generally thin, the capillary tube is easy to deform and even crack in the shock heating and shock cooling process, and the metallographic phase of the metal of a deposited layer can be changed by the overhigh temperature, so that the actual service performance of the metal can be influenced. The mechanical deformation method is a method of drawing a core mold out of a capillary tube by stretching the core mold to cause elastic or plastic deformation without breaking to reduce the cross-sectional area of the core mold. Because the core mould is slender and the binding force between the metal capillary and the core mould is linearly increased with the length of the metal capillary and the core mould, when the electroformed capillary is longer, huge pulling force is needed, the core mould is very easy to break, and further, part of the core mould is still remained in the capillary and cannot be taken out, so that the difficulty of integrally demoulding the capillary by adopting the method is high, and the success rate is low. The dissolution method is a method of removing a core mold using a chemical solution without damaging the deposited layer metal. The dissolution method is not affected by temperature and external force, and the dissolution solution is easy to prepare, and is a preferable method for removing the mandrel, but the method has the following problems for releasing the electroformed capillary: the inner diameter of the capillary tube is small, and the solution is restrained by huge surface tension in the capillary tube, under the condition, the mass transfer is extremely slow, the dissolved product is difficult to discharge, and the new dissolved solution is difficult to enter, so that the method has certain difficulty in realizing the demoulding of the capillary tube directly. Japanese patent nos. JP 2006-. Therefore, the invention provides a device for dissolving and removing the electroforming core mould of the metal capillary and a method for removing the electroforming core mould of the metal capillary based on the device, so as to realize the simple, high-efficiency and high-success-rate demoulding of the electroforming capillary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing electroforming capillary tube demoulding method, the invention provides a device for dissolving and removing a metal capillary tube electroforming core mould and a demoulding method, thereby realizing the demoulding of the electroforming capillary tube with high success rate, high efficiency, large batch and low cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
The utility model provides a device for dissolving and get rid of metal capillary electroforming mandrel, includes support, driving motor, stopper, heightening post, its characterized in that: it also comprises an electromagnet, a nozzle, a clamp, a dissolving tank with a liquid outlet, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid storage tank; the clamp comprises a pressing plate, a clamp body and a permanent magnet; two side surfaces of the clamp body are symmetrically provided with V-shaped grooves which are uniformly arranged at equal intervals along the vertical direction; one surface of the pressing plate is provided with a V-shaped groove; the number, the geometric shape and the size of the V-shaped grooves of the fixture body and the V-shaped grooves of the pressing plate are the same, and the distance between two adjacent grooves is the same; the pressing plates are detachably arranged on two sides of the clamp body, and the V-shaped grooves of the clamp body are matched with the V-shaped grooves of the pressing plates one by one; the permanent magnet is movably fixed on the upper part of the fixture body; two opposite tank walls of the dissolving tank are respectively provided with 2 rows of nozzles which are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction; the distance and the number of the nozzles in the vertical direction are the same as those of the V-shaped grooves in the vertical direction; the electromagnets are movably fixed on two opposite tank walls of the dissolving tank and positioned above the nozzle; the clamp body can be rotatably arranged in the middle of the dissolving tank, and the trend of the V-shaped groove is parallel to the outlet direction of the nozzle; the direction of the clamp body in the dissolving tank is adjustable; the clamp body is detachably fixed below the brake; the brake is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor; the driving motor is fixed on the bracket, and an output shaft of the driving motor is vertically arranged downwards.
The pressing plate and the clamp body are made of acid and alkali corrosion resistant non-magnetic materials. The acid and alkali corrosion resistance can ensure that the clamp is not corroded by the dissolved solution in the using process, and the service life of the clamp is ensured; the non-magnetic conductivity can prevent the metal capillary in the clamp from being magnetized by the electromagnet and the permanent magnet.
The diameter of the nozzle is 10-500 mu m.
The dissolving tank is made of colorless and transparent organic glass. Organic glass has better chemical stability, and is colorless and transparent, so that the real-time observation of the dissolving process can be realized.
A demoulding method of a device for removing a metal capillary electroforming core mould based on the dissolution is characterized in that: comprises the following steps which are executed in sequence:
s1: placing the electroforming metal capillary tube with the electroforming core mold into a double V-shaped groove cavity formed by the pressing plate and the clamp body together, and finely adjusting the distance between the pressing plate and the clamp body so as to fix the electroforming metal capillary tube on the clamp body without deformation;
s2: electrifying the electromagnet, adjusting the orientation of the clamp body in the dissolving tank, and adjusting the orientation of the electromagnet and the permanent magnet in a matching manner to ensure that the axes of the electroforming core mould and the center of the nozzle are superposed one by one;
s3: starting a circulating liquid spraying system (not shown in the figure), spraying the solution to the end part of the core mold through a nozzle, and maintaining for 10-20 s, wherein the core mold material is gradually dissolved and removed under the chemical action of the solution;
s4: powering off the electromagnet, closing the circulating liquid spraying system, starting the driving motor, driving the clamp to rotate at a high speed, and throwing out the solution and the chemical reaction product in the electroformed metal capillary under the action of centrifugal force for 5-10 s;
s5: closing the driving motor, starting the brake, electrifying the electromagnet, rapidly stopping the clamp from rotating under the combined action of the brake and the magnetic field, and then closing the brake;
s6: repeating the steps S3-S5 until the core mold is completely dissolved and removed;
s7: and (3) closing the driving motor, the circulating liquid spraying system and the brake, powering off the electromagnet, dismounting the clamp, taking out the metal capillary tube, and cleaning and drying.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main advantages that:
(1) the core mold has fast dissolving speed and high demolding efficiency. The invention solves the problem that the solution is difficult to enter and discharge from the capillary, improves the mass transfer speed in the dissolving process, and can complete the removal of the core mould in a short time by adopting the double-nozzle jet flow to dissolve the core mould.
(2) The device structure is easy to realize and simple to operate. The device does not need a special structure and a complex system, and in actual operation, the demoulding of the capillary can be completed only by the matching of the spray head and the clamp, so that the operation difficulty is reduced, and the workload is reduced.
(3) The device has wide application range. The fixture can reliably and nondeformingly clamp capillaries with different outer diameters in a certain range, is not influenced by the length and the taper of the cast capillary, and can support the dissolution of a core mould with a smaller diameter.
(4) The clamping of the capillary tube is convenient, and mass demoulding can be realized. The clamp is simple to use, clamping can be completed only by placing the capillary tubes into the double V-shaped groove cavities for fixing, and one clamp can simultaneously clamp a plurality of capillary tubes with different specifications and can be used for demoulding of large-batch capillary tubes.
(5) High demoulding success rate and good effect. The device of the invention has no mechanical external force, overcomes the influence of liquid surface tension, has no residue after demoulding, and can not influence the dimensional precision and the surface quality of the capillary.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the jig.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the device in an inoperative state.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the device in operation.
Reference numbers and designations in the drawings: 1. a support; 2. a drive motor; 3. a brake; 4. an electromagnet; 5. a permanent magnet; 6. a nozzle; 7. a clamp; 7-1, pressing a plate; 7-2, V-shaped grooves; 7-3, a clamp body; 7-4, V-shaped grooves; 8. a dissolving tank; 9. a liquid discharge port; 10. a liquid inlet pipe; 11. a liquid storage tank; 12. a height-adjusting column; 13. a solution; 14. a bolt; 15. a spring; 16. a capillary tube; 17. a core mold; 18. a double V-shaped groove cavity.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the practice of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an apparatus for dissolving and removing a metal capillary electroforming mandrel includes a bracket 1, a driving motor 2, a stopper 3, and a height-adjusting column 12, wherein: the device also comprises an electromagnet 4, a nozzle 6, a clamp 7, a dissolving tank 8 with a liquid outlet 9, a liquid inlet pipe 10 and a liquid storage tank 11; the clamp 7 comprises a pressing plate 7-1, a clamp body 7-3 and a permanent magnet 5; the pressing plate 7-1 and the clamp body 7-3 are both made of polypropylene materials; v-shaped grooves 7-2 which are uniformly arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the fixture body 7-3, the number of the grooves on each side is 10, and the center distance between two adjacent grooves is 10 mm; one surface of the pressing plate 7-1 is provided with V-shaped grooves 7-4, the number of the V-shaped grooves 7-4 is 10, and the center distance between two adjacent grooves is 10 mm; the geometric shapes and the sizes of the V-shaped grooves 7-2 and 7-4 are the same; the 2 pressing plates 7-1 are respectively detachably arranged on two sides of the clamp body 7-3, and the V-shaped grooves 7-2 are matched with the V-shaped grooves 7-4 one by one; the permanent magnet 5 is movably fixed on the upper part of the clamp body 7-3; two opposite tank walls of the dissolving tank 8 are respectively provided with 2 rows of nozzles 6 which are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction, and the diameter of each nozzle 6 is 100 mu m; the distance and the number of the nozzles 6 in the vertical direction are the same as those of the V-shaped grooves 7-2 in the vertical direction; the electromagnet 4 is movably fixed on two opposite groove walls of the dissolving groove 8 and is positioned above the nozzle 6; the fixture body 7-3 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the dissolving tank 8, and the trend of the V-shaped groove 7-5 is parallel to the outlet direction of the nozzle 6; the position of the clamp body 7-3 in the dissolving tank 8 is adjustable; the clamp body 7-3 is detachably fixed below the brake 3; the brake 3 is connected with the output shaft of the driving motor 2; the drive motor 2 is fixed on the bracket 1 and its output shaft is installed vertically downwards.
The demolding method based on the device mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: taking 20 electroforming capillaries 16 taking aluminum alloy as an electroforming core mould 17, wherein the outer diameter of the capillary is 500 mu m, the length of the capillary is 35mm, the diameter of the core mould 17 is 150 mu m, the length of the core mould is 40mm, and the solution 13 is a sodium hydroxide solution with the temperature of 80 ℃ and the concentration of 280g/L and is contained in a liquid storage tank 11;
s2: placing the electroforming metal capillary tube 16 with the electroforming core mould 17 into a double V-shaped groove cavity 18 formed by the pressing plate 7-1 and the clamp body 7-3 together, and finely adjusting the distance between the pressing plate 7-1 and the clamp body 7-3 so as to fix the electroforming metal capillary tube 16 on the clamp body 7-3 without deformation;
s3: the electromagnet 4 is electrified, the direction of the clamp body 7-3 in the dissolving tank 8 is adjusted, and the direction adjustment of the electromagnet 4 and the permanent magnet 5 is matched, so that the axes of the electroforming core molds 17 are superposed with the centers of the nozzles 6 one by one;
s4: starting a circulating liquid spraying system (not shown in the figure), spraying the solution 13 to the core mould 17 through the nozzle 6 at a speed of about 1m/s, and maintaining for 15s, wherein the material of the core mould 17 is dissolved and removed under the chemical action of the solution 13;
s5: the electromagnet 4 is powered off, the circulating liquid spraying system is closed, the driving motor 2 is started, the driving clamp 7 rotates at the speed of 500r/min, at the moment, the solution 13 and the chemical reaction products in the electroforming metal capillary tube 16 are thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, and the rotating time is 10 s;
s6: the driving motor 2 is turned off, the brake 3 is started, the electromagnet 4 is electrified, at the moment, the clamp 7 stops rotating rapidly under the combined action of the brake 3 and the magnetic field, and then the brake 3 is turned off;
s7: repeating the steps S4-S6 until the core mold 17 is completely dissolved and removed;
s8: and (3) closing the driving motor 2, the circulating liquid spraying system and the brake 3, powering off the electromagnet 4, disassembling the clamp 7, taking out the metal capillary 16, and cleaning and drying.

Claims (5)

1. A device for dissolving and removing a metal capillary electroforming core mold comprises a bracket (1), a driving motor (2), a brake (3) and a height-adjusting column (12), and is characterized in that: the device also comprises an electromagnet (4), a nozzle (6), a clamp (7), a dissolving tank (8) provided with a liquid outlet (9), a liquid inlet pipe (10) and a liquid storage tank (11); the clamp (7) comprises a pressing plate (7-1), a clamp body (7-3) and a permanent magnet (5); v-shaped grooves (7-2) which are uniformly arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the clamp body (7-3); one surface of the pressing plate (7-1) is provided with a V-shaped groove (7-4); the number, the geometric shape and the size of the V-shaped grooves (7-2) and the V-shaped grooves (7-4) and the distance between two adjacent grooves are the same; the pressing plates (7-1) are detachably arranged on two sides of the clamp body (7-3), and the V-shaped grooves (7-2) are matched with the V-shaped grooves (7-4) one by one; the permanent magnet (5) is movably fixed on the upper part of the clamp body (7-3); two opposite tank walls of the dissolving tank (8) are respectively provided with 2 rows of nozzles (6) which are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction; the distance and the number of the nozzles (6) in the vertical direction are the same as those of the V-shaped grooves (7-2) in the vertical direction; the electromagnets (4) are movably fixed on two opposite groove walls of the dissolving groove (8) and positioned above the nozzle (6); the clamp (7) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the dissolving tank (8), and the trend of the V-shaped groove (7-2) is parallel to the outlet direction of the nozzle (6); the position of the clamp (7) in the dissolving tank (8) is adjustable; the clamp body (7-3) is detachably fixed below the brake (3); the brake (3) is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (2); the driving motor (2) is fixed on the bracket (1) and the output shaft of the driving motor is vertically installed downwards.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the metal capillary electroforming mandrel is removed from the mold by: the pressing plate (7-1) and the clamp body (7-3) are made of acid and alkali corrosion resistant non-magnetic materials.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the metal capillary electroforming mandrel is removed from the mold by: the diameter of the nozzle (6) is 10-500 mu m.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the metal capillary electroforming mandrel is removed from the mold by: the dissolving tank (8) is made of colorless and transparent organic glass.
5. A demoulding method for dissolving and removing a metal capillary electroforming core mould is characterized in that: comprises the following steps which are executed in sequence:
s1: placing an electroformed metal capillary (16) with an electroformed core mold (17) into a double V-shaped groove cavity (18) formed by a pressing plate (7-1) and a clamp body (7-3) together, and finely adjusting the distance between the pressing plate (7-1) and the clamp body (7-3) so as to fix the electroformed metal capillary (16) on the clamp body (7-3) without deformation;
s2: electrifying the electromagnet (4), adjusting the direction of the clamp (7) in the dissolving tank (8), and matching with the direction of the electromagnet (4) and the permanent magnet (5) to make the axes of the electroforming core molds (17) coincide with the centers of the nozzles (6);
s3: starting a circulating liquid spraying system (not shown in the figure), spraying the solution (13) to the end part of the core mold (17) through the nozzle (6), and maintaining for 10-20 s, wherein the material of the core mold (17) is gradually dissolved and removed under the chemical action of the solution (13);
s4: powering off the electromagnet (4), closing the circulating liquid spraying system, starting the driving motor (2), driving the clamp (7) to rotate at a high speed, throwing out the solution (13) and the chemical reaction product in the electroforming metal capillary (16) under the action of centrifugal force, wherein the rotating time is 5-10 s;
s5: the driving motor (2) is closed, the brake (3) is started, the electromagnet (4) is electrified, at the moment, the clamp (7) stops rotating rapidly under the combined action of the brake (3) and the magnetic field, and then the brake (3) is closed;
s6: repeating the steps S4-S5 until the core mold (17) is completely dissolved and removed;
s7: and (3) closing the driving motor (2), the circulating liquid spraying system and the brake (3), powering off the electromagnet (4), disassembling the clamp (7), taking out the metal capillary (16), and cleaning and drying.
CN202011161365.4A 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Device for dissolving and removing metal capillary electroforming core mold and demolding method Pending CN112144081A (en)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113322498A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-08-31 河南理工大学 Demolding device and method for electroforming thin-wall metal fixing tube
CN114300213A (en) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-08 中国科学院电工研究所 High-thermal-conductivity niobium-tin superconducting coil and manufacturing method thereof

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CN213739733U (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-07-20 河南理工大学 Device for dissolving and removing metal capillary electroforming core mould

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JP2002146583A (en) * 2000-11-06 2002-05-22 Electro Forging Research:Kk Method of manufacturing ferrule
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113322498A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-08-31 河南理工大学 Demolding device and method for electroforming thin-wall metal fixing tube
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CN114300213B (en) * 2022-01-24 2024-01-26 中国科学院电工研究所 High-thermal-conductivity niobium three-tin superconducting coil and manufacturing method thereof

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Application publication date: 20201229