CN112144077A - Electro-chlorination extraction method of gold in gold-containing material - Google Patents
Electro-chlorination extraction method of gold in gold-containing material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112144077A CN112144077A CN201910562331.7A CN201910562331A CN112144077A CN 112144077 A CN112144077 A CN 112144077A CN 201910562331 A CN201910562331 A CN 201910562331A CN 112144077 A CN112144077 A CN 112144077A
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/20—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A process for the electro-chlorination extraction of gold from gold-bearing materials includes anodic dissolution and cathodic deposition processes, which are carried out in the same reactor. Putting gold-containing materials into an electrochemical reactor filled with electrolyte with the concentration of 0.1-3 mol/L of sodium chloride in a flaky, powdery or granular manner, controlling the reaction temperature to be 25-99 ℃, and controlling the current density to be 0.01-3A/cm2The reaction time is 1-6 h; and after the electrolysis is finished, collecting the sediments of the cathode chamber and the cathode plate, and washing and drying to obtain the gold powder. The method has the remarkable advantages of high gold extraction efficiency, small chemical reagent consumption, clean process, simple and convenient operation, short flow and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electro-chlorination extraction process of gold in gold-containing materials, which is a method for efficiently enriching and extracting the gold in the gold-containing materials. Belongs to the field of resource circulation and pollution control.
Background
Gold, a rare and precious metal, is still in increasing demand. Currently, the annual global gold demand is about 4000 tons, mainly for national storage and product manufacture, especially for the manufacture of jewelry and electronic products. Gold mining is a huge source of wealth, but they are not always popular with local residents. On the one hand, almost all easily mined gold has been mined over thousands of years; the more difficult to mine deposits means harsher mining environments, more dangerous mining operations, and higher costs. On the other hand, gold mining is even considered a "dirty business" due to the use of large amounts of toxic hazardous chemicals and the generation of large amounts of hazardous waste. Therefore, in order to better cope with environmental, social and economic relations, more reliable resources and more environmentally friendly technologies are required to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In recent years, secondary resources such as electronic waste have been considered as a more reliable source of gold. Electronic waste is known as "urban mines", e.g. circuit boards from mobile telephones or computers typically contain 200-300 g/t of gold, the gold content of which is at least ten times that of natural ore. Driven by economic interest and limited by existing technologies, these secondary resources are mainly recovered in developing and underdeveloped countries by the conventional means of aqua regia, cyanidation and the like. Although the cyanidation method has simple process flow and high leaching rate, the cyanidation method can generate waste water containing highly toxic cyanide to cause secondary pollution; the aqua regia method has good dissolving effect on gold and copper, but aqua regia has strong corrosivity and high requirement on the corrosion resistance of equipment, and simultaneously can generate a large amount of strong-acid wastewater to harm the environment and human health.
Therefore, a technology with high gold extraction efficiency, small environmental risk and short operation flow is urgently needed at present to be used for extracting and recovering gold from gold-containing waste materials so as to eliminate or reduce environmental pollution caused by the gold extraction process and promote the clean development of the gold extraction technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an electro-chlorination extraction method of gold in gold-containing materials. The process realizes the anodic dissolution and the cathodic deposition of gold in an electrolytic sodium chloride system, and realizes the extraction and the separation of gold in gold-containing materials by one step.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that the gold dissolution and the simple substance gold extraction are realized in one reaction system, and the problem of long flow in the prior art is solved; in an electro-chlorination system, the complexation of chloride ions is fully utilized, and certain selective extraction of gold and other metals is realized; in addition, the method has the advantages of less used chemical reagents, environment-friendly process, no secondary pollution emission and obvious environmental and economic benefits.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The electro-chlorination extraction method of gold in gold-containing materials comprises the following steps:
1. manually shearing off the golden fingers of the waste computer memory chips, shearing the golden fingers into a length of 3 mm and a width of 3 mm, and taking the golden fingers as raw materials of the next experiment;
2. weighing 0.5g of raw materials, putting the raw materials into an anode chamber of an electrochemical reactor, and simultaneously adding 250 mL of 0.7 mol/L sodium chloride solution for electrolysis; the electrolysis conditions were as follows: the graphite electrode plate is an anode, the copper electrode plate is a cathode, and the current density is 0.0774A/cm2Electrolyzing for 5 h at the temperature of 60 ℃;
3. after the electrolytic reaction is finished, filtering the electrolyte to a constant volume; the anode residue is digested by aqua regia, and the digestion solution is fixed in volume; collecting the deposit on the cathode plate, washing and drying;
4. analyzing the solution with constant volume by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer; the dried deposits were subjected to energy spectrometer testing. The leaching rate of the gold obtained is 85.85 percent, and the deposition rate is 69.08 percent.
Example 2
The electro-chlorination extraction method of gold in gold-containing materials comprises the following steps:
1. manually shearing off the golden fingers of the waste computer memory chips, shearing the golden fingers into a length of 5 mm and a width of 3 mm, and taking the golden fingers as raw materials of the next experiment;
2. weighing 0.5g of raw materials, putting the raw materials into an anode chamber of an electrochemical reactor, and simultaneously adding 250 mL of 1.90 mol/L sodium chloride solution for electrolysis; the electrolysis conditions were as follows: the graphite electrode plate is an anode, the copper electrode plate is a cathode, and the current density is 0.0774A/cm2Electrolyzing for 5 h at the temperature of 60 ℃;
3. after the electrolytic reaction is finished, filtering the electrolyte to a constant volume; the anode residue is digested by aqua regia, and the digestion solution is fixed in volume; collecting the deposit on the cathode plate, washing and drying;
4. analyzing the solution with constant volume by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer; the dried deposits were subjected to energy spectrometer testing. The leaching rate of the obtained gold is 96.19 percent, and the deposition rate is 50.01 percent.
Example 3
The electro-chlorination extraction method of gold in gold-containing materials comprises the following steps:
1. manually shearing the golden fingers of the waste computer memory chips, and crushing the sheared golden fingers until the particle size is less than 1 mm to be used as a raw material for the next experiment;
2. weighing 0.5g of raw materials, putting the raw materials into an anode chamber of an electrochemical reactor, and simultaneously adding 250 mL of 1.30 mol/L sodium chloride solution for electrolysis; the electrolysis conditions were as follows: the graphite electrode plate is an anode, the copper plate electrode plate is a cathode, and the current density is 0.0645A/cm2Electrolyzing for 4 h at 50 ℃;
3. after the electrolytic reaction is finished, filtering the electrolyte to a constant volume; the anode residue is digested by aqua regia, and the digestion solution is fixed in volume; collecting the deposit on the cathode plate, washing and drying;
4. analyzing the solution with constant volume by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer; the dried deposits were subjected to energy spectrometer testing. The leaching rate of the obtained gold is 98.26 percent, and the deposition rate is 93.50 percent.
Example 4
The electro-chlorination extraction method of gold in gold-containing materials comprises the following steps:
1. manually shearing off the golden fingers of the waste computer memory chips, shearing the golden fingers into a length of 10 mm and a width of 3 mm, and taking the golden fingers as raw materials of the next experiment;
2. weighing 0.5g of raw materials, putting the raw materials into an anode chamber of an electrochemical reactor, and simultaneously adding 250 mL of sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.7 mol/L for electrolysis; the electrolysis conditions were as follows: the graphite electrode plate is an anode, the copper plate electrode plate is a cathode, and the current density is 0.0774A/cm2Electrolyzing for 3 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃;
3. after the electrolytic reaction is finished, filtering the electrolyte to a constant volume; the anode residue is digested by aqua regia, and the digestion solution is fixed in volume; collecting the deposit on the cathode plate, washing and drying;
4. analyzing the solution with constant volume by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer; the dried deposits were subjected to energy spectrometer testing. The leaching rate of the gold obtained is 97.10 percent, and the deposition rate is 76.22 percent.
By combining the four cases, the electro-chlorination extraction method for gold in the gold-containing material has simple steps, can efficiently extract gold in the waste material by using less chemical reagents, and has clean and environment-friendly reagents and processes.
Claims (2)
1. The method for extracting gold from gold-containing materials through electro-chlorination is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding an electrolyte into an electrochemical reactor, then adding a gold-containing material into an anode chamber of the electrochemical reactor, controlling the reaction temperature to be 25-99 ℃, and starting electrolysis for 1-6 hours;
collecting the solid deposited on the cathode chamber and the cathode plate after the electrolytic reaction is finished, and washing and drying the solid to obtain the gold powder.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrochemical reactor in step 1 is made of an anode material selected from graphite, platinum and titanium, and a cathode material selected from copper and platinum; the electrolyte of the electrolyte at least contains sodium chloride, and the concentration of the sodium chloride is 0.1-3 mol/L; the current density of the electrolysis is 0.01-3A/cm2。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910562331.7A CN112144077B (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Method for extracting gold from gold-containing material by electro-chlorination |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910562331.7A CN112144077B (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Method for extracting gold from gold-containing material by electro-chlorination |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112144077A true CN112144077A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112144077B CN112144077B (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910562331.7A Expired - Fee Related CN112144077B (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Method for extracting gold from gold-containing material by electro-chlorination |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014033548A2 (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-03-06 | Arye Barboy | Method for extracting noble and non-ferrous metals from refractory raw materials |
| CN104047024A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-09-17 | 苏州东吴黄金文化发展有限公司 | Process for preparing high-purity gold by primary electrolytic refining |
| KR101586689B1 (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-01-20 | 한국광해관리공단 | Method for separating gold from wastes using electrical reactor producing chloride |
| CN106868545A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-20 | 包小玲 | Normal pressure and temperature gold novel process for refining is accounted for without acid gas is low |
| CN109797407A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-24 | 上海第二工业大学 | A method of selective electrolysis leaches recycling gold, copper from waste and old memory bar |
-
2019
- 2019-06-26 CN CN201910562331.7A patent/CN112144077B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014033548A2 (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-03-06 | Arye Barboy | Method for extracting noble and non-ferrous metals from refractory raw materials |
| CN104047024A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-09-17 | 苏州东吴黄金文化发展有限公司 | Process for preparing high-purity gold by primary electrolytic refining |
| KR101586689B1 (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-01-20 | 한국광해관리공단 | Method for separating gold from wastes using electrical reactor producing chloride |
| CN106868545A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-20 | 包小玲 | Normal pressure and temperature gold novel process for refining is accounted for without acid gas is low |
| CN109797407A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-24 | 上海第二工业大学 | A method of selective electrolysis leaches recycling gold, copper from waste and old memory bar |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| WANG, JIANBO等: ""Environmentally Friendly Technology for Separating Gold from Waste Printed Circuit Boards: A Combination of Suspension Electrolysis and a Chlorination Process"", 《ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING》 * |
| 霍松龄 等: ""黄金精炼工艺综述"", 《黄金》 * |
| 黄可 等: ""湿法炼铜浸出渣电氯化提金"", 《有色金属(冶炼部分)》 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN112144077B (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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Granted publication date: 20220715 |