CN112142901A - 一种拒水拒油涂布膜用pvdc水性乳液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种拒水拒油涂布膜用pvdc水性乳液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112142901A CN112142901A CN202010985667.7A CN202010985667A CN112142901A CN 112142901 A CN112142901 A CN 112142901A CN 202010985667 A CN202010985667 A CN 202010985667A CN 112142901 A CN112142901 A CN 112142901A
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- Prior art keywords
- pvdc
- emulsion
- sodium
- water
- repellent
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- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 alcohol ether carboxylate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoxyprop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCOCC=C ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- MPEKSGRAFPNSLM-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;tridecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O MPEKSGRAFPNSLM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- VPNZAQYBGUPBSV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-pentadecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O VPNZAQYBGUPBSV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NWZBFJYXRGSRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O NWZBFJYXRGSRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010702 perfluoropolyether Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- SMECTXYFLVLAJE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;pentadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O SMECTXYFLVLAJE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BSOPSBIGIYEHGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-phenylacetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BSOPSBIGIYEHGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- UOSGXGAYBKQXSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;nonadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UOSGXGAYBKQXSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCO HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940094025 potassium bicarbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- KBAFDSIZQYCDPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octadecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O KBAFDSIZQYCDPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 20
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OWCNWICUDXNCTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-undecafluorohexanoate Chemical compound N.OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F OWCNWICUDXNCTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- MQOCIYICOGDBSG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O MQOCIYICOGDBSG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FASUFOTUSHAIHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxyprop-1-ene Chemical compound COCC=C FASUFOTUSHAIHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-pentadecafluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEWYFWXMYWWLHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;octanoate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O GEWYFWXMYWWLHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;methoxy-dimethyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.CO[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940083037 simethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F214/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F214/08—Vinylidene chloride
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- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
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- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/04—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C09D127/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene chloride
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1656—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the film-forming substance
- C09D5/1662—Synthetic film-forming substance
- C09D5/1668—Vinyl-type polymers
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- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F216/1408—Monomers containing halogen
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
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- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/02—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof, e.g. maleic acid or itaconic acid
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液及其制备方法,通过引入含氟烯丙基醚类单体与VDC单体进行共聚反应,将含氟侧链引入到PVDC聚合物上。乳液成膜时利用表面势能动力使含氟侧链迁移向表面,实现表面氟元素的聚集,使得PVDC膜表面具有低表面自由能。本发明的PVDC水性乳液可以涂布在塑料膜或硬片上,形成的PVDC膜具有高阻隔性的同时具有拒水、拒油、防污和耐候性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属高分子材料领域,具体涉及一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液。
背景技术
涂布膜是在基材膜的表面涂覆上一层功能性涂料而形成的。在塑料包装行业,涂布膜因厚度小、柔性好、成本低等优点越来越具有竞争力。PVDC乳液涂布膜同时对水蒸气和氧气具有非常优异的阻隔性,且具有安全环保,无毒的特点,广泛应用于薄膜类食品包装行业。但PVDC膜表面自由能较低,不拒水拒油且不防污、不耐候,使得其在某些使用场合受到了限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能制备同时具有拒水、拒油、防污和耐候性能的高阻隔性涂布膜的含氟PVDC水性乳液。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其特征在于:将含氟烯丙基醚类单体作为聚合单体中的一种与VDC单体进行共聚反应,按重量份数,反应原料组成为:种子单体1~5份,VDC单体45~55份,共聚单体4~10份,引发剂0.01~0.05份,种子乳化剂0.1~0.5份,乳化剂0.5~3份,其他助剂0.01~0.05份,改性助剂0.001~0.01份,去离子水35~40份;其中,含氟烯丙基醚类单体作为种子单体的一种占0.1~5份。
优选的,种子单体还包括丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、醋酸羟乙烯酯、醋酸乙烯酯、醋酸乙酯、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸中的一种或几种的混合物。
优选的,种子乳化剂包括含氟乳化剂和阴离子乳化剂,所述阴离子乳化剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、十五烷基硫酸钠、十八烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十五烷基苯磺酸钠、十八烷基磺酸钠、醇醚羧酸盐、十二烷基羧酸钾、十五烷基羧酸钠、十八烷基羧酸钾中的一种或几种的混合物。
优选的,含氟烯丙基醚类单体为全氟聚醚烯丙基醚类单体。
优选的,引发剂为过硫酸盐类。
优选的,其他助剂为碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、醋酸铵、冰醋酸中的一种或者几种的混合物。
优选的,改性助剂为二甲基硅油、聚硅氧烷、苯乙醇油酸酯、磷酸三丁酯、苯乙酸月桂醇酯、聚乙烯醚中的一种或几种的混合物。
制备如权利要求1所述一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)配置引发剂水溶液:称取过硫酸铵,用去离子水配成过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅰ,备用;称取焦亚硫酸钠,用去离子水配成焦亚硫酸钠水溶液,备用;称取过硫酸铵,用去离子水配成过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅱ,备用;
(2)配置预混液:将VDC单体、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、衣康酸、丙烯酸、十八烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基羧酸钾、十五烷基苯磺酸钠、碳酸氢钠、醋酸铵及去离子水投入混液槽,在5℃,170rpm搅拌转速下分散30min,得到预混液,备用;
(3)种子乳液聚合:将全氟己基烯丙基醚单体、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸、十二烷基硫酸钠、醇醚羧酸盐及去离子水投入聚合釜内,在100rpm搅拌转速下预分散30分钟后,将聚合釜的温度升至75℃,加入步骤(1)配置得到的过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅰ进行反应,反应1.5h后结束反应,得到种子乳液;
(4)PVDC乳液聚合:用氮气将聚合釜置换两次后抽真空,压力为-0.08Mpa,抽真空完成后将聚合釜温度调整至55℃,加入步骤(1)配置得到的焦亚硫酸钠水溶液、过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅱ,以及步骤(2)配置得到的预混液进行反应,控制搅拌转速为110rpm,反应12h后,升温至70℃保温2h,得到PVDC乳液;
(5)乳液的脱吸:向步骤(4)得到的PVDC乳液中加入二甲基硅油及聚乙烯醚,将氮气管的出口没在PVDC乳液液面以下,鼓入氮气并抽真空,整个脱吸过程中压力控制在-0.02Mpa,温度控制在65℃,搅拌转速为20rpm,脱吸时间为4h,脱吸完成后冷却过滤,即得到产品。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明通过引入含氟烯丙基醚类单体与VDC单体进行共聚反应,将含氟侧链引入到PVDC聚合物上,乳液成膜时利用表面势能动力使含氟侧链迁移向表面,实现表面氟元素的聚集,使得PVDC膜表面具有低表面自由能。本发明的PVDC水性乳液可以涂布在塑料膜或硬片上,形成的PVDC膜具有高阻隔性的同时具有拒水、拒油、防污和耐候性能。制备过程中,种子乳液促进PVDC乳液聚合,乳液的脱吸可分离未反应的单体,提高产品的纯度。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其原料配方如下:
种子单体:全氟己基烯丙基醚单体0.1kg、甲基丙烯酸甲酯0.88kg、丙烯酸丁酯0.7kg、丙烯酸0.07kg;
VDC单体:49.51kg;
共聚单体:丙烯酸甲酯2.91kg、丙烯酸丁酯2.91kg、衣康酸2.33kg、丙烯酸0.58kg;
引发剂:过硫酸铵0.022kg、焦亚硫酸钠0.02kg;
种子乳化剂:十五烷基硫酸钠0.07kg、醇醚羧酸盐0.07kg;
乳化剂:十二烷基硫酸钠0.41kg、十二烷基羧酸钾0.41kg、十五烷基苯磺酸钠0.0.82kg;
其他助剂:碳酸氢钠0.02kg、醋酸铵0.02kg;
改性助剂:二甲基硅油0.002kg、聚乙烯醚0.002kg;
去离子水:38.2kg。
制备步骤如下:
(1)配置引发剂水溶液:称取0.005kg的过硫酸铵(APS),用2kg去离子水配成过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅰ,备用;称取0.02kg的焦亚硫酸钠(SMBS),用3kg去离子水配成焦亚硫酸钠水溶液,备用;称取0.017kg过硫酸铵(APS),用3kg去离子水配成过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅱ,备用;
(2)配置预混液:将49.51kg的VDC单体、2.91kg的丙烯酸甲酯、2.91kg的丙烯酸丁酯、2.33kg的衣康酸、0.58kg的丙烯酸、0.41kg的十八烷基硫酸钠、0.41kg的十二烷基羧酸钾、0.82kg的十五烷基苯磺酸钠、0.02kg的碳酸氢钠、0.02kg的醋酸铵及7.2kg去离子水投入混液槽,在5℃,170rpm搅拌转速下分散30min,得到预混液,备用;
(3)种子乳液聚合:将0.1kg全氟己基烯丙基醚单体、0.88kg的甲基丙烯酸甲酯、0.7kg的丙烯酸丁酯、0.07kg的丙烯酸、0.07kg十二烷基硫酸钠、0.07kg的醇醚羧酸盐及23kg的去离子水投入聚合釜内,在100rpm搅拌转速下预分散30分钟后,将聚合釜的温度升至75℃,加入步骤(1)配置得到的过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅰ进行反应,反应1.5h后结束反应,得到种子乳液;
(4)PVDC乳液聚合:用氮气将聚合釜置换两次后抽真空,压力为-0.08Mpa,抽真空完成后将聚合釜温度调整至55℃,加入步骤(1)配置得到的焦亚硫酸钠水溶液、过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅱ,以及步骤(2)配置得到的预混液进行反应,控制搅拌转速为110rpm,反应12h后,升温至70℃保温2h,得到PVDC乳液;
(5)乳液的脱吸:向步骤(4)得到的PVDC乳液中加入0.002kg的二甲基硅油及0.002kg的聚乙烯醚,将氮气管的出口没在PVDC乳液液面以下,鼓入氮气并抽真空,整个脱吸过程中压力控制在-0.02Mpa,温度控制在65℃,搅拌转速为20rpm,脱吸时间为4h,脱吸完成后冷却过滤,即得到产品。
实施例2
一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其原料配方如下:
种子单体:全氟聚醚烯丙基醚5kg;
VDC单体:49.2kg;
共聚单体:丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯1.1kg、甲基丙烯酸甲酯2.0kg、衣康酸2.0kg、丙烯酸0.57kg;
引发剂:过硫酸铵0.025kg、焦亚硫酸钠0.01kg;
种子乳化剂:十五烷基硫酸钠0.1kg、醇醚羧酸盐0.1kg、十八烷基羧酸钾0.1kg、全氟辛酸铵0.1kg;
乳化剂:十二烷基硫酸钠0.34kg、醇醚羧酸盐0.34kg、十二烷基羧酸钾0.34kg;
其他助剂:碳酸氢钠0.02kg、冰醋酸0.005kg;
改性助剂:苯乙酸月桂醇酯0.003kg、聚乙烯醚0.002kg;
去离子水:38.55kg。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其原料配方如下:
种子单体:甲基丙烯酸甲酯1.26kg、醋酸乙烯酯0.61kg、甲基丙烯腈0.1kg、丙烯酸0.06kg;
VDC单体:49.6kg;
共聚单体:十三氟辛基烯丙基醚4kg、甲基丙烯酸乙酯0.6kg、衣康酸0.7kg、醋酸乙烯酯1.0kg;
引发剂:过硫酸铵0.019kg、焦亚硫酸钠0.014kg;
种子乳化剂:十八烷基硫酸钠0.09kg、十五烷基苯磺酸钠0.09kg;
乳化剂:全氟己酸铵0.2kg、醇醚羧酸盐0.5kg、十五烷基羧酸钾0.7kg;
其他助剂:碳酸氢钾0.02kg、醋酸铵0.01kg;
改性助剂:苯乙醇油酸酯0.003kg、磷酸三丁酯0.003kg;
去离子水:38.4kg。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其原料配方如下:
种子单体:全氟聚醚甲基烯丙基醚0.11kg、醋酸乙酯0.74kg、丙烯腈0.14kg、丙烯酸甲酯1.86kg;
VDC单体:52kg;
共聚单体:全氟丁基烯丙基醚2.9kg、甲基丙烯酸乙酯1.74kg、衣康酸1.13kg、丙烯酸甲酯0.58kg;
引发剂:过硫酸铵0.025kg、焦亚硫酸钠0.014kg;
种子乳化剂:十八烷基硫酸钠0.1kg、十五烷基苯磺酸钠0.1kg、全氟己酸铵0.1kg;
乳化剂:醇醚羧酸盐1.0kg、全氟-3,6-二氧杂辛酸铵0.7kg、十五烷基羧酸钾0.7kg;
其他助剂:碳酸氢钾0.02kg、醋酸铵0.01kg;
改性助剂:苯乙醇油酸酯0.003kg、磷酸三丁酯0.003kg;
去离子水:38.4kg。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5
一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其原料配方如下:
种子单体:三氟丙基烯丙基醚1.36kg、丙烯酸丁酯0.85kg、丙烯酸0.17kg、甲基丙烯酸甲酯1.02kg;
VDC单体:49.2kg;
共聚单体:丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯1.7kg、甲基丙烯酸甲酯2.5kg、衣康酸2.5kg、全氟聚醚烯丙基醚0.57kg;
引发剂:过硫酸铵0.025kg、焦亚硫酸钠0.01kg;
种子乳化剂:十五烷基硫酸钠0.1kg、醇醚羧酸盐0.2kg、十八烷基羧酸钾0.1kg;
乳化剂:十二烷基硫酸钠0.34kg、醇醚羧酸盐0.34kg、十二烷基羧酸钾0.34kg;
其他助剂:碳酸氢钠0.02kg、冰醋酸0.005kg;
改性助剂:苯乙酸月桂醇酯0.003kg、聚乙烯醚0.002kg;
去离子水:38.55kg。
制备方法同实施例1。
将实施例1-5制备好的PVDC水性乳液进行测试,测试方法如下:
水接触角按照GB/T 30693-2014《塑料薄膜与水接触角的测量》规定的方法进行。
耐候性测试按照ASTM G154-16《非金属材料荧光紫外曝露设备的操作标准》规定的方法进行。
测试结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1~5获得的PVDC乳液涂布膜的性能
实施例 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
水接触角/° | 73 | 128 | 112 | 106 | 93 |
耐候性(不粉化) | 300h | 1000h | 850h | 700h | 580h |
以上仅为本发明的具体实施例,但本发明的技术特征并不局限于此。任何以本发明为基础,为解决基本相同的技术问题,实现基本相同的技术效果,所作出地简单变化、等同替换或者修饰等,皆涵盖于本发明的保护范围之中。
Claims (8)
1.一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其特征在于:将含氟烯丙基醚类单体作为聚合单体中的一种与VDC单体进行共聚反应,按重量份数,反应原料组成为:种子单体1~5份,VDC单体45~55份,共聚单体4~10份,引发剂0.01~0.05份,种子乳化剂0.1~0.5份,乳化剂0.5~3份,其他助剂0.01~0.05份,改性助剂0.001~0.01份,去离子水35~40份;其中,含氟烯丙基醚类单体作为种子单体的一种占0.1~5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其特征在于:所述种子单体还包括丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、醋酸羟乙烯酯、醋酸乙烯酯、醋酸乙酯、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸中的一种或几种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其特征在于:所述种子乳化剂包括含氟乳化剂和阴离子乳化剂,所述阴离子乳化剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、十五烷基硫酸钠、十八烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十五烷基苯磺酸钠、十八烷基磺酸钠、醇醚羧酸盐、十二烷基羧酸钾、十五烷基羧酸钠、十八烷基羧酸钾中的一种或几种的混合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其特征在于:所述含氟烯丙基醚类单体为全氟聚醚烯丙基醚类单体。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其特征在于:所述引发剂为过硫酸盐类。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其特征在于:所述其他助剂为碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、醋酸铵、冰醋酸中的一种或者几种的混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液,其特征在于:所述改性助剂为二甲基硅油、聚硅氧烷、苯乙醇油酸酯、磷酸三丁酯、苯乙酸月桂醇酯、聚乙烯醚中的一种或几种的混合物。
8.制备如权利要求1所述一种拒水拒油涂布膜用PVDC水性乳液的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)配置引发剂水溶液:称取过硫酸铵,用去离子水配成过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅰ,备用;称取焦亚硫酸钠,用去离子水配成焦亚硫酸钠水溶液,备用;称取过硫酸铵,用去离子水配成过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅱ,备用;
(2)配置预混液:将VDC单体、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、衣康酸、丙烯酸、十八烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基羧酸钾、十五烷基苯磺酸钠、碳酸氢钠、醋酸铵及去离子水投入混液槽,在5℃,170rpm搅拌转速下分散30min,得到预混液,备用;
(3)种子乳液聚合:将全氟己基烯丙基醚单体、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸、十二烷基硫酸钠、醇醚羧酸盐及去离子水投入聚合釜内,在100rpm搅拌转速下预分散30分钟后,将聚合釜的温度升至75℃,加入步骤(1)配置得到的过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅰ进行反应,反应1.5h后结束反应,得到种子乳液;
(4)PVDC乳液聚合:用氮气将聚合釜置换两次后抽真空,压力为-0.08Mpa,抽真空完成后将聚合釜温度调整至55℃,加入步骤(1)配置得到的焦亚硫酸钠水溶液、过硫酸铵水溶液Ⅱ,以及步骤(2)配置得到的预混液进行反应,控制搅拌转速为110rpm,反应12h后,升温至70℃保温2h,得到PVDC乳液;
(5)乳液的脱吸:向步骤(4)得到的PVDC乳液中加入二甲基硅油及聚乙烯醚,将氮气管的出口没在PVDC乳液液面以下,鼓入氮气并抽真空,整个脱吸过程中压力控制在-0.02Mpa,温度控制在65℃,搅拌转速为20rpm,脱吸时间为4h,脱吸完成后冷却过滤,即得到产品。
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