CN112137426A - Coating and cooking utensil - Google Patents
Coating and cooking utensil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112137426A CN112137426A CN202010598747.7A CN202010598747A CN112137426A CN 112137426 A CN112137426 A CN 112137426A CN 202010598747 A CN202010598747 A CN 202010598747A CN 112137426 A CN112137426 A CN 112137426A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stick
- coating
- inorganic
- self
- lubricating
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- Pending
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 245
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 267
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 66
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a coating and a non-stick vessel, wherein the coating comprises a non-stick coating, an inorganic non-stick material and an abrasion-resistant material; the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-20%; the wear-resistant material is metal and/or ceramic. The strength of the coating can be enhanced, and the wear resistance of the non-stick layer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of non-stick materials, in particular to a coating and a cooking utensil.
Background
The non-stick coating is a special coating with the surface of the coating not easy to adhere by other viscous substances or easy to remove after adhesion, has the advantages of small friction coefficient, low surface energy, non-stick property, good weather resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of household appliances, cooking utensils, automobiles and the like. For example, a common non-stick pan is used for cooking food, has the advantages of non-stick pan when frying/frying food, less oil smoke, easy cleaning and the like, and is generally favored by consumers since the world. With the development of economy and the improvement of living standard of people, the requirement on cooking utensils is higher and higher, so that the improvement of the service performance of the non-stick layer is always the direction of efforts of researchers.
The existing cooking utensil can form a non-stick layer by coating the non-stick coating on the surface of a utensil, so that the non-stick effect is achieved. However, the non-stick coating obtained by coating the existing non-stick coating has the defects that the non-stick property can be rapidly lost under the conditions of high alkalinity and surface abrasion, and the non-stick service life is short. The non-stick service life of the non-stick layer can be prolonged by adding the inorganic non-stick material into the non-stick coating, but the film-forming property of the coating is influenced by too large addition amount of the inorganic non-stick material, so that the strength of the coating is reduced, and the wear resistance of the original non-stick layer is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a coating and a non-stick utensil to enhance the strength of the coating and increase the wear resistance of the non-stick layer.
A first aspect of the application provides a coating comprising a non-stick coating, the coating further comprising an inorganic non-stick material and an abrasion resistant material;
the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-20%;
the wear resistant material is a metal and/or ceramic having a vickers hardness of greater than 350 HV.
The coating comprises a non-stick coating, an inorganic non-stick material and a wear-resistant material, wherein the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, and the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have stable crystals and high melting points, so that the inorganic non-stick material has better thermal stability and high temperature resistance, and the addition of the inorganic non-stick material on the base material of the existing non-stick coating increases the structural stability of the coating, so that the coating is not easy to change substances and age in the cooking process. In addition, the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have high hardness and high mechanical strength, and are not easy to scratch, so that the durability of the coating can be effectively improved, and the service life of the coating is prolonged. The mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-20% so as to avoid the influence of excessive inorganic non-stick material on the film forming performance and the later construction performance of the coating. In addition, the wear-resistant material in the coating is metal and/or ceramic with the Vickers hardness of more than 350HV, and the wear-resistant material has higher hardness, so that the strength of the coating can be effectively improved, and the wear resistance of a non-stick layer formed by the coating is enhanced.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the wear-resistant material in the coating is 5% -20%, so that the non-sticking effect and the wear-resistant effect of the coating are both optimal, and the loss of the non-sticking effect due to the overlarge strength of the coating is prevented.
Optionally, the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material, and the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material in the coating is 1% -10%, so that the coating has a lasting non-stick property and keeps a strong bonding property.
Optionally, the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1-20%, so that the coating has a lasting non-stick property and keeps a good film-forming property.
Optionally, the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1% -15%.
The inorganic non-stick material in the coating comprises a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, so that the coating has the properties of the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material simultaneously, and the non-stick effect of the coating is improved; the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material is 1-15%, so that the coating has lasting non-stick performance and keeps good film forming performance.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material in the inorganic non-stick material is 20% -50%, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material is 50% -80%.
The content of the inorganic porous material in the inorganic non-stick material is not less than that of the self-lubricating material, so that the situation that the bonding force between the coating and a vessel or between two adjacent coatings formed by the coating is reduced due to overhigh self-lubricating performance of the coating is prevented, the coatings are easy to fall off, and the non-stick service life of a cooking utensil is influenced; the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material is not less than 20%, so that the self-lubricating material and the inorganic porous material jointly play a non-stick role, and the influence of oil stains or impurities on the non-stick performance in the use process is reduced.
Optionally, the particle size of the inorganic non-stick material is 300-2000 meshes, so that the inorganic non-stick material has a complete surface structure and a good non-stick property, and the inorganic non-stick material and the non-stick coating are uniformly mixed to form a smooth and uniform non-stick layer on the surface of the vessel.
Optionally, the inorganic porous material is one or more of diatomite, bentonite or zeolite mixed at any proportion, that is, the inorganic porous material is made of natural inorganic porous materials such as diatomite, bentonite or zeolite, so that raw materials are convenient to obtain, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Optionally, the self-lubricating material is one or more of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide mixed at any proportion, that is, the self-lubricating material is made of natural inorganic self-lubricating materials such as graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, raw materials are convenient to obtain, and manufacturing cost is reduced.
Optionally, the wear resistant material is one or more of iron and its alloys, zinc and its alloys, titanium and its alloys, chromium and its alloys, nickel and its alloys, cobalt and its alloys, copper and its alloys, zirconium and its alloys, yttrium and its alloys, molybdenum and its alloys, vanadium and its alloys, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride, calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide or titanium suboxide mixed in any proportion.
The second aspect of the application provides a cooking utensil, which comprises a utensil, wherein the surface of the utensil is provided with a non-stick layer, the non-stick layer is formed by coating paint, and the paint comprises non-stick paint, inorganic non-stick material and wear-resistant material;
the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-20%;
the wear resistant material is a metal and/or ceramic having a vickers hardness of greater than 350 HV.
Optionally, the non-stick layer comprises at least a base coat applied to the surface of the ware and a centre coat applied to the side of the base coat facing away from the ware;
the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material;
the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material in the bottom coating is 2-5%;
the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material in the middle coating is 5-8%.
In the non-stick layer of the cooking utensil, the mass proportion of the allowed self-lubricating material in the bottom coating is small, so that the phenomenon that the bonding force between the bottom coating and a utensil is reduced due to the overhigh self-lubricating property of the bottom coating is prevented, and the coating is easy to fall off is avoided; the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material allowed in the middle coating is larger, so that the middle coating has a durable non-stick performance, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.
Optionally, the non-stick layer comprises at least a base coat applied to the surface of the ware and a centre coat applied to the side of the base coat facing away from the ware;
the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material;
the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the bottom coating is 5-15%;
the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material in the intermediate coating is 5-10%.
In the non-stick layer of the cooking utensil, the mass ratio of the allowed inorganic porous materials in the bottom coating layer is larger, and the mass ratio of the allowed inorganic porous materials in the middle coating layer is smaller, so that the bottom coating layer has longer non-stick performance than the middle coating layer, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.
Optionally, the non-stick layer comprises at least a base coat applied to the surface of the ware and a centre coat applied to the side of the base coat facing away from the ware;
the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, wherein the self-lubricating material accounts for 20-50% of the inorganic non-stick material by mass, and the inorganic porous material accounts for 50-80% of the inorganic non-stick material by mass;
the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the bottom coating is 5-15%;
the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material in the intermediate coating is 5-10%.
The inorganic non-stick material in the non-stick layer of the cooking utensil simultaneously comprises the self-lubricating material and the inorganic porous material, so that the coating has the performances of the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material simultaneously, and the non-stick effect of the coating is improved; the content of the inorganic porous material is not less than that of the self-lubricating material, so that the phenomenon that the bonding force between the coating and a vessel or between two adjacent coatings formed by the coating is reduced due to overhigh self-lubricating performance of the coating is prevented, the coatings are easy to fall off, and the non-stick service life of a cooking utensil is influenced; the ratio of the mass of the allowed inorganic non-stick material in the base coat is larger, and the ratio of the mass of the allowed inorganic non-stick material in the intermediate coat is smaller, so that the base coat has longer-lasting non-stick performance than the intermediate coat, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.
Optionally, the non-stick coating is a fluorine-containing coating, the cooking utensil further comprises a top coat, the top coat is coated on one side of the middle coat, which is far away from the bottom coat, and the top coat is formed by coating the fluorine-containing coating.
As the fluorine-containing coating has higher non-stick performance and film-forming performance, the non-stick performance of the inorganic non-stick material is slightly inferior to that of the fluorine-containing coating and the film-forming performance is poorer; the non-stick layer of the cooking utensil adopts the fluorine-containing paint to form the top coating, so that the non-stick effect of the cooking utensil at the initial use stage can be optimal, the non-stick layer can form a smooth and flat surface, and the non-stick layer adopts the paint to form the bottom coating and/or the middle coating, so that the cooking utensil has a lasting non-stick effect.
Optionally, the total thickness of the non-stick layer and the top coating is 30-45 μm, and in the thickness range, the non-stick layer can be ensured to completely cover the vessel, and the non-stick layer has better hardness and higher non-stick performance, and also has better appearance and good construction performance.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial structural schematic view of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a vessel;
2-a non-stick layer;
20-a base coat;
22-middle coating;
24-topcoat layer.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
The embodiment of the application provides a coating, which comprises a non-stick coating, an inorganic non-stick material and an abrasion-resistant material, wherein the non-stick coating can be any existing non-stick coating, such as fluorine-containing coating or ceramic coating, and the like, namely, the inorganic non-stick material and the abrasion-resistant material are added on the basis of the existing non-stick coating to form a new coating; the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, that is, the inorganic non-stick material can only comprise the inorganic porous material, can only comprise the self-lubricating material, and can also comprise the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material. The inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have stable crystals and high melting points, so that the heat stability and the high temperature resistance are better, the inorganic non-stick material is added on the base material of the existing non-stick coating, the structure stability of the coating is improved, and the coating is not easy to change substances and age in the cooking process. In addition, the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have high hardness and high mechanical strength, and are not easy to scratch, so that the durability of the coating can be effectively improved, and the service life of the coating is prolonged. In addition, the wear-resistant material in the coating is metal and/or ceramic with the Vickers hardness of more than 350HV, and the wear-resistant material has higher hardness, so that the strength of the coating can be effectively improved, and the wear resistance of a non-stick layer formed by the coating is enhanced.
Furthermore, the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-20% so as to avoid the influence of excessive inorganic non-stick material on the film forming performance and the later construction performance of the coating; when the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material is more than 20%, the inorganic non-stick material is excessive, so that the coating is difficult to form a smooth and uniform coating, or the coating is difficult to combine with the vessel 1, so that the coating is easy to fall off; when the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material is less than 1%, the inorganic non-stick material is too little to effectively function, and the coating is still easy to wear and rapidly loses the non-stick performance.
Specifically, typically but not by way of limitation, the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating may be, for example, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 14.5%, 15%, 15.5%, 16%, 16.5%, 17%, 17.5%, 18%, 18.5%, 19%, 19.5%, 20%, etc.
In an embodiment, the inorganic non-stick material only comprises self-lubricating material, and the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material in the coating is 1% to 10%, for example, the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material may be 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, etc. Within the range, the coating has lasting non-stick performance and keeps stronger bonding performance; when the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material is more than 10%, the self-lubricating property of the coating is too high, so that the binding force between the coating and the utensil 1 or between two adjacent coatings formed by the coating is reduced, the coatings are easy to fall off, and the non-stick service life of the cooking utensil is influenced; when the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material is less than 1%, the content of the self-lubricating material in the coating is too small to effectively play a role, and the coating is still easy to wear and quickly loses the non-stick property.
In another embodiment, the inorganic non-stick material comprises only inorganic porous material, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1% to 20%, for example, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material may be 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 14.5%, 15%, 15.5%, 16%, 16.5%, 17%, 17.5%, 18%, 18.5%, 19%, 19.5%, 20%, or the like. Within the range, the coating has lasting non-stick performance and keeps better film-forming performance; when the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material is more than 20%, the content of the inorganic porous material in the coating is excessive, so that the coating is difficult to form a smooth and uniform coating; when the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material is less than 1%, the content of the inorganic porous material in the coating is too small to effectively function, and the coating is still easy to wear and quickly loses the non-stick property.
Under another embodiment, the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, so that the coating has the properties of the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material simultaneously, and the non-stick effect of the coating is improved; the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the paint is 1% to 15%, for example, the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the paint may be 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 14.5%, 15%, or the like. Within this range, the coating can have long-lasting non-stick properties and maintain good film-forming properties. When the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is more than 15%, the content of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is too much, so that the binding force and the film-forming property of the coating are reduced, a coating formed by the coating is easy to fall off, and the coating is difficult to form a smooth and uniform coating; when the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is less than 1%, the content of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is too small to effectively function, and the coating is still easy to wear and rapidly loses the non-stick property.
Preferably, when the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material in the inorganic non-stick material is 20% to 50%, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material is 50% to 80%, for example, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material may be 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80%, etc., and correspondingly, the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material may be 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25% or 20%, etc. On one hand, the bonding performance of the self-lubricating material is poor, the formed coating is easy to fall off, the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material is not more than 50%, and the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material is not less than 50%, so that the content of the inorganic porous material is not less than the content of the self-lubricating material, the situation that the bonding force between the coating and the utensil 1 or between two adjacent coatings formed by the coating is reduced due to overhigh self-lubricating performance of the coating is prevented, the coating is easy to fall off, and the non-stick service life of a cooking utensil is influenced; on the other hand, micropores of the inorganic porous material are easily blocked by oil stains or impurities in the using process, so that the non-stick performance is reduced, the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material is not less than 20%, and the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material is not more than 80%, so that the self-lubricating material and the inorganic porous material play a non-stick role together, and the influence of the oil stains or the impurities on the non-stick performance in the using process is reduced.
Further, the inorganic porous material is one or more of diatomite, bentonite or zeolite. And because the material characteristics of the diatomite, the bentonite or the zeolite are similar, the materials have low surface energy, stable microporous structure and crystal, and similar melting point and hardness which can influence the non-stick performance and the non-stick service life. Therefore, when the inorganic porous material is a mixture of a plurality of kinds of diatomaceous earth, bentonite, or zeolite (a plurality of kinds, including two or more kinds, in the present application), it is mixed in any ratio of any plurality. The inorganic porous material is made of natural inorganic porous materials such as diatomite, bentonite or zeolite, raw materials are convenient to obtain, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Specifically, the inorganic porous material has non-stick properties due to the characteristics of low surface energy and porous oil absorption. The non-stick performance of the inorganic porous material is explained in detail by taking diatomite as an example, the diatomite is composed of amorphous hydrous silicon dioxide which is in an amorphous structure, the arrangement of atoms in a three-dimensional space is short-range ordered and long-range disordered, and the surface energy is small, so that the diatomite layer has good non-stick performance; in addition, the diatomite has a special porous structure, the pore size is in the micron level, and a large amount of edible oil can be adsorbed in the using process, so that a layer of oil film is always kept on the surface of the diatomite layer, the non-stick performance of the diatomite layer is further enhanced, and the cooking utensil achieves a good non-stick effect.
Further, the self-lubricating material is one or more of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide. And because the material characteristics of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide are similar, the layered crystal, the microporous structure and the crystal stability, the melting point and the hardness which can influence the non-stick performance and the non-stick service life of each material are similar. Therefore, when the self-lubricating material is a mixture of a plurality of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, the self-lubricating material is a mixture of any plurality of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide in any proportion. The self-lubricating material is made of natural inorganic self-lubricating materials such as graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, raw materials are convenient to obtain, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Specifically, the self-lubricating material has non-stick properties due to the self-lubricating and porous oil-absorbing properties of the lamellar crystals. The non-stick performance of the self-lubricating material is explained in detail by taking natural crystalline graphite as an example, and the natural crystalline graphite has a layered crystal structure, so that the natural crystalline graphite has good self-lubricating performance; carbon atoms form a hexagonal net-shaped graphite layer by using sp2 hybridized orbitals, the bond energy between carbon and carbon belongs to a resonance R-bond, and the bond energy is up to 627kJ/mol, so that the single-layer graphite layer has firm property and is prevented from being mechanically scratched in the using process; the acting force between the graphite layers belongs to weak van der Waals force, and the bonding energy is only 5.4kJ/mol, so that the multilayer graphite layers have good interlayer slippage, and the natural crystalline graphite has non-stick performance. In addition, a plurality of gaps are formed among the layered structures of the graphite, the size of the gaps is in the micron level, a large amount of edible oil can be adsorbed in the actual use process, a layer of oil film is always kept on the surface, and the non-stick performance is further enhanced.
Further, the particle size of the inorganic non-stick material is 300 mesh to 2000 mesh, preferably 500 mesh to 1000 mesh, and typically, but not limitatively, the particle size of the self-lubricating material may be, for example, 300 mesh, 400 mesh, 500 mesh, 600 mesh, 700 mesh, 800 mesh, 900 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1100 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1300 mesh, 1400 mesh, 1500 mesh, 1600 mesh, 1700 mesh, 1800 mesh, 1900 mesh, 2000 mesh, or the like. The inorganic non-stick material can have a complete surface structure and a good non-stick performance, and can be uniformly mixed with the non-stick paint to form a smooth and uniform coating on the surface of the utensil 1; when the particle size of the inorganic non-stick material is smaller than 2000 meshes, the structure (such as a porous or lamellar crystal structure) of the non-stick property formed by the inorganic non-stick material itself is damaged due to the undersize of the inorganic non-stick material, so that the non-stick property is lost, and the processing cost of the inorganic non-stick material is also overlarge; when the particle size of the inorganic non-stick material is larger than 300 meshes, the inorganic non-stick material and the non-stick coating material are difficult to uniformly mix due to the excessively large size of the inorganic non-stick material, or the coating formed by the coating material has a non-smooth surface and a granular feeling.
Furthermore, the mass proportion of the wear-resistant material in the coating is less than or equal to 20 percent; preferably: 5% -20%, such as 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18% or 20%, etc., within which both the non-stick effect and the wear-resistant effect of the coating can be optimized, and the non-stick effect is prevented from losing due to the excessive strength of the coating; when the mass proportion of the wear-resistant material is more than 20%, the wear-resistant material transitionally surrounds or shields the inorganic non-stick coating, so that the inorganic non-stick material is difficult to exert a non-stick effect, and the coating loses the non-stick property; when the mass ratio of the wear-resistant material is less than 5%, the wear-resistant material is too small to provide a protective effect on the inorganic non-stick material, so that the inorganic non-stick material still wears.
Furthermore, the wear-resistant material is one or a mixture of more of iron and its alloy, zinc and its alloy, titanium and its alloy, chromium and its alloy, nickel and its alloy, cobalt and its alloy, copper and its alloy, zirconium and its alloy, yttrium and its alloy, molybdenum and its alloy, vanadium and its alloy, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride, calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide or titanium suboxide in any proportion, and has higher hardness, mature process and easy realization, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the coating.
In one embodiment, the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material are ground and then mixed with the non-stick coating, and the mixture is uniformly stirred and dispersed to form the coating provided by the embodiment of the application. The particle size of the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material is 300-2000 mesh, preferably 500-1000 mesh, for example, the particle size of the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material can be 300 mesh, 400 mesh, 500 mesh, 600 mesh, 700 mesh, 800 mesh, 900 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1100 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1300 mesh, 1400 mesh, 1500 mesh, 1600 mesh, 1700 mesh, 1800 mesh, 1900 mesh or 2000 mesh, the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material can be added into the non-stick coating respectively, or the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material can be added into the non-stick coating after being mixed uniformly.
The addition mode of the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material can be powder or slurry. Preferably, the inorganic non-stick material and/or the abrasion resistant material is ground to a suitable particle size before being mixed with the non-stick coating in powder or slurry form. When the inorganic non-stick material and/or the wear-resistant material are/is added in a slurry state, the inorganic non-stick material and polyethylene glycol (0.1-20%) are mixed according to a proportion and are subjected to ball milling to obtain powder; adding the powder obtained by ball milling into an aqueous solvent (at least one of water, ethanol, methanol and the like), adding a proper amount of auxiliary agents (such as a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and the like), and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry, wherein the concentration of the slurry is 1-70%, preferably 25-50%.
In another embodiment, the inorganic non-stick material is combined with the wear resistant material to form a non-stick masterbatch, and the non-stick masterbatch is added to the non-stick coating. For example, the inorganic non-stick material forms a non-stick core, and the wear-resistant material is coated on the outer surface of the non-stick core to form a coated master batch structure; or the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material are uniformly mixed and are mutually bonded through the binder to form a mixed master batch structure.
The non-stick coating of the present application is an existing non-stick coating, such as a fluorine coating or a ceramic coating, and the like. Particularly, the fluorine coating is very easy to scratch and wear in long-term use due to the soft texture; therefore, the existing fluorine coating needs to be added with the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material of the application in order to improve the hardness, the wear-resistant performance and the like. To illustrate the abrasion resistance of the above-described coating in the examples of the present application, the present application takes the existing fluorine coating as a representative of the non-stick coating, and the abrasion resistance comparison experiment is performed. Specifically, the existing fluorine paint, inorganic non-stick material added to the fluorine paint, and inorganic non-stick material and wear-resistant material added to the fluorine paint are respectively coated on the surface of a pot to form a coating, and the wear-resistant performance of the coating is tested, and the comparative experiments are shown in tables 1 to 4.
The specific test procedure can be referred to as follows: placing the sample on an abrasion resistance tester, carrying out frequency 33 times/min, carrying out pressure 15N, adopting scouring pad (3M7447B) with length of 70 +/-5 mm and width of 30 +/-5 mm, moving back and forth for 100mm, changing scouring pad once without 500 times, carrying out non-sticking evaluation on the fried eggs, wherein the non-sticking grade of the fried eggs is III grade after two continuous cycles, and recording the number of cycles after the test is finished.
Wherein, each sample number represents a group of sample pots, and the experimental results are the average values of the experimental results of the group of sample pots, for example, 1# represents a group of existing fluorine-coated non-stick pots, and the cycle number 5000 is the average value of the cycle numbers of the group of fluorine-coated pots.
Except for different coatings of the cookware, other parameters (such as the shape, the size, the material, the thickness, the forming process and the like of the cookware body) of all the groups of embodiments are completely the same, and other experimental conditions are also completely the same.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
As can be seen from the data in tables 1-4, the addition of the inorganic non-stick material to the fluorine-containing coating enhances the abrasion resistance to some extent; after further adding the wear-resistant material, the wear-resistant performance is obviously improved. When the addition amount of the wear-resistant material is 5-20%, the wear-resistant performance is obviously enhanced, and the more the addition amount of the wear-resistant material is, the more the wear-resistant performance is enhanced; when the addition amount of the wear-resistant material is less than 5%, the wear resistance of the coating is not obviously increased; when the addition amount of the abrasion resistant material exceeds 20%, the film forming property is affected, resulting in a decrease in the paint adhesion. Furthermore, when the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material exceeds 20%, the sample has an unacceptable coating, so that the experimental test cannot be performed. The specification is that when the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material is less than 1%, and only a proper proportion of the wear-resistant material is added, the qualification of the coating is not affected, and the coating also has good wear-resistant performance, but the non-stick performance of the vessel is affected.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application further provides a cooking appliance, which includes a vessel 1, a non-stick layer 2 is disposed on a surface of the vessel 1, the non-stick layer 2 is formed by coating a paint, and the paint includes a non-stick paint, an inorganic non-stick material and an abrasion-resistant material; the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-20%; the wear resistant material is a metal and/or ceramic having a vickers hardness of more than 350 HV.
Further, the non-stick layer 2 comprises a base coat layer 20 and a middle coat layer 22, the base coat layer 20 is coated on the surface of the vessel 1, and the middle coat layer 22 is coated on the side of the base coat layer 20 facing away from the vessel 1; the primer layer 20 and/or the intermediate coating layer 22 are coated with a paint, and at least one of the primer layer 20 and the intermediate coating layer 22 is coated with the paint, so that at least the durability and wear resistance of the primer layer 20 or the intermediate coating layer 22 can be increased, thereby prolonging the service life of the non-stick layer 2 and improving the wear resistance of the non-stick layer 2.
In one embodiment, the inorganic non-stick material added to the coating includes a self-lubricating material; the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material in the primer layer 20 is 2% to 5%, for example, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, or 5%; the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material in the middle coating 22 is 5% to 8%, for example, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, or the like. The mass proportion of the allowed self-lubricating material in the bottom coating 20 is small, so that the phenomenon that the self-lubricating performance of the bottom coating 20 is too high, the binding force between the bottom coating 20 and the vessel 1 is reduced, and the coating is easy to fall off is avoided; the mass proportion of self-lubricating material allowed in the middle coat 22 is large, so that the middle coat 22 has a long-lasting non-stick property, thereby prolonging the service life of the cooking utensil.
Under another embodiment, the inorganic non-stick material added to the coating includes an inorganic porous material; the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the undercoat layer 20 is 5% to 15%, for example, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, or the like; the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the intermediate coating layer 22 is 5% to 10%, for example, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10%. The greater mass fraction of inorganic porous material allowed in the primer layer 20 and the lesser mass fraction of inorganic porous material allowed in the midcoat layer 22 provide a more durable non-stick property of the primer layer 20 than the midcoat layer 22, thereby extending the useful life of the cooking utensil.
Under still another embodiment, the inorganic non-stick material added in the coating includes a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material in the inorganic non-stick material is 20% to 50%, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material is 50% to 80%, for example, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material may be 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80%, etc., and correspondingly, the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material may be 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25% or 20%, etc.; the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the primer layer 20 is 5% to 15%, for example, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, or the like; the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the intermediate coating layer 22 is 5% to 10%, for example, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10%. The inorganic non-stick material in the non-stick layer 2 simultaneously comprises a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, so that the coating has the properties of the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material simultaneously, and the non-stick effect of the coating is improved; the content of the inorganic porous material is not less than that of the self-lubricating material, so that the phenomenon that the bonding force between the coating and the utensil 1 or between two adjacent coatings formed by the coating is reduced due to overhigh self-lubricating performance of the coating is prevented, the coatings are easy to fall off, and the non-stick service life of the cooking utensil is influenced; the greater proportion by mass of inorganic non-stick material allowed in the primer coating 20 and the lesser proportion by mass of inorganic non-stick material allowed in the midcoat 22 provide the primer coating 20 with a more durable non-stick property than the midcoat 22, thereby extending the useful life of the cooking utensil.
Further, the non-stick paint may be a fluorine-containing paint, and the cooking utensil provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a top coat 24, the top coat 24 is applied to a side of the midcoat 22 facing away from the base coat 20, and the top coat 24 is applied by using a fluorine-containing paint. As the fluorine-containing coating has higher non-stick performance and film-forming performance, the non-stick performance of the inorganic non-stick material is slightly inferior to that of the fluorine-containing coating and the film-forming performance is poorer; the non-stick layer 2 of the cooking utensil adopts the fluorine-containing paint to form the top coating 24, so that the non-stick effect of the cooking utensil at the initial use stage can be optimal, the utensil 1 can form a smooth and flat non-stick surface, and the non-stick layer 2 adopts the paint to form the bottom coating 20 and/or the middle coating 22, so that the cooking utensil can have a lasting non-stick effect. It will be appreciated that the cooking appliance may also not include the top coat 24, such that the midcoat 22 forms the non-stick surface of the non-stick layer 2 directly.
Specifically, in the initial stage of use of the cooking utensil, the top coating 24 has a non-stick effect, so that the non-stick performance of the cooking utensil is optimal; with the increasing use time, the top coating 24 is worn or falls off to reduce the non-stick property to a certain extent or completely disappear, and then the intermediate coating 22 or the bottom coating containing the inorganic non-stick material is exposed, so that the inorganic non-stick material can exert the non-stick effect, and the non-stick life of the non-stick layer 2 is prolonged.
Further, the thickness of the non-stick layer 2 is 30 μm to 45 μm, for example, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm or 45 μm, and within this thickness range, it is ensured that the non-stick layer 2 completely covers the dish 1, and the non-stick layer 2 has a good hardness and a high non-stick property, and also the non-stick layer 2 has a good appearance and a good workability.
Specifically, the fluorine-containing coating material used in the examples of the present application may be of a commonly known type, such as commercially available products, or may be prepared by itself by a method known to those skilled in the art. For example, EZ-3700-6901-20A, EZ-3700-9501-20A, EZ-1900-6902-20A, EZ-1900-9501-20A, EZ-1900-6X01-20A, EZ-1900-9502-20A provided by Dajin fluorine coating company, or 465G-83300, 455K-09500, 465G-83270, 456K-09273, 459G-06190, 459K-09190 and the like provided by Kemu chemical company can be used.
Wherein, the formula of the fluorine-containing coating can be referred as follows:
the coating comprises, by weight, 15-50 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin (or derivative resin thereof such as PFA), 1-5 parts of pigment, 1-10 parts of filler, 0-10 parts of binder, 1-0 part of auxiliary agent (dispersing agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, defoamer, wetting agent and the like), and 10-30 parts of solvent, wherein specific types of raw materials such as pigment, filler, binder and the like are not particularly limited, and reference can be made to the prior art.
The coating that this application embodiment provided uses the construction mode that forms cooking utensil in the cooking utensil can refer to as follows:
(a) dispersing the coating;
(b) pretreating a vessel;
(c) spraying a coating;
(d) and sintering the composite coating to form the non-stick layer 2.
Mixing the non-stick coating, the inorganic non-stick material and the wear-resistant material (or mixing the non-stick coating and the non-stick master batch), placing the mixture on a dispersion machine for rolling dispersion, and selecting proper dispersion conditions according to requirements; for example, the dispersion is carried out at 30 to 50rpm for 40min, and then filtered through a 100 to 200 mesh screen.
The step (b) comprises the steps of pretreating the vessel, and then preheating the pretreated vessel at the preheating temperature of about 30 ℃.
In the step (c), the base coat and the middle coat or the base coat, the middle coat and the top coat are sprayed in sequence according to the requirement, the content of the inorganic non-stick material and/or the wear-resistant material in the paint used in each layer can be the same or different, in order to further increase the non-stick effect, the content of the inorganic non-stick material and/or the wear-resistant material in the paint used in each layer is preferably different, and the paint in each layer can be dispersed respectively.
The step (c) specifically comprises: spraying a bottom coating, namely uniformly spraying the coating on the surface of the vessel by using an air spray gun, wherein the atomization pressure is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, the film thickness is 15-30 mu m, and then drying for 6-12min at 80-120 ℃; spraying a middle coating, uniformly spraying the coating on the surface of the vessel by using an air spray gun, wherein the atomization pressure is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, the film thickness is 8-20 mu m, and then drying for 4-8min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃; and (3) spraying a surface coating, namely uniformly spraying the coating on the surface of the vessel by using an air spray gun, wherein the atomization pressure is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, and the film thickness is 10-25 mu m.
And (d) sintering the cooking utensil sprayed with the coating in a sintering furnace, keeping the temperature at 60-100 ℃ for 3-6 min, and then heating to 380-450 ℃ for sintering for 4-8 min.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (16)
1. A coating comprises a non-stick coating, and is characterized in that the coating also comprises an inorganic non-stick material and an abrasion-resistant material;
the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-20%;
the wear resistant material is a metal and/or ceramic having a vickers hardness of greater than 350 HV.
2. The coating according to claim 1, wherein the proportion by mass of the abrasion resistant material in the coating is 5% to 20%.
3. The paint according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material, and the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material in the paint is 1-10%.
4. The coating according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1-20%.
5. The coating according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, and the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-15%.
6. The paint according to claim 5, characterized in that the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material in the inorganic non-stick material is 20-50% and the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material is 50-80%.
7. The coating of claim 1 wherein said inorganic non-stick material has a particle size of 300 to 2000 mesh.
8. The coating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inorganic porous material is one or more of diatomaceous earth, bentonite, or zeolite mixed in any proportion.
9. The coating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the self-lubricating material is one or more of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide mixed in any proportion.
10. A coating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wear resistant material is a mixture of one or more of iron and its alloys, zinc and its alloys, titanium and its alloys, chromium and its alloys, nickel and its alloys, cobalt and its alloys, copper and its alloys, zirconium and its alloys, yttrium and its alloys, molybdenum and its alloys, vanadium and its alloys, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride, calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, chromium oxide or titanium sub-oxide in any proportion.
11. A cooking utensil comprises a utensil (1), wherein a non-stick layer (2) is arranged on the surface of the utensil (1), and the non-stick layer (2) is formed by coating paint;
the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, and the mass ratio of the inorganic non-stick material in the coating is 1-20%;
the wear resistant material is a metal and/or ceramic having a vickers hardness of greater than 350 HV.
12. The cooking appliance according to claim 11, characterized in that the non-stick layer (2) comprises at least a base coat (20) and a middle coat (22), the base coat (20) being applied to the surface of the vessel (1), the middle coat (22) being applied to the side of the base coat (20) facing away from the vessel (1);
the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material;
the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material in the bottom coating (20) is 2-5%;
the mass proportion of the self-lubricating material in the middle coating (22) is 5% -8%.
13. The cooking appliance according to claim 11, characterized in that the non-stick layer (2) comprises at least a base coat (20) and a middle coat (22), the base coat (20) being applied to the surface of the vessel (1), the middle coat (22) being applied to the side of the base coat (20) facing away from the vessel (1);
the inorganic non-stick material comprises an inorganic porous material;
the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the bottom coating (20) is 5-15%;
the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material in the intermediate coating (22) is 5-10%.
14. The cooking appliance according to claim 11, characterized in that the non-stick layer (2) comprises at least a base coat (20) and a middle coat (22), the base coat (20) being applied to the surface of the vessel (1), the middle coat (22) being applied to the side of the base coat (20) facing away from the vessel (1);
the inorganic non-stick material comprises a self-lubricating material and an inorganic porous material, wherein the self-lubricating material accounts for 20-50% of the inorganic non-stick material by mass, and the inorganic porous material accounts for 50-80% of the inorganic non-stick material by mass;
the mass proportion of the inorganic non-stick material in the bottom coating (20) is 5-15%;
the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material in the intermediate coating (22) is 5-10%.
15. The cooking appliance according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the non-stick coating is a fluorine-containing coating, the cooking appliance further comprising a top coat (24), the top coat (24) being applied to the side of the midcoat (22) facing away from the base coat (20), the top coat (24) being applied with a fluorine-containing coating.
16. The cooking appliance according to claim 15, the total thickness of the non-stick layer (2) and the top coat layer (24) being between 30 μ ι η and 45 μ ι η.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113171006A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 杭州九阳小家电有限公司 | Non-stick pan and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113307494A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-27 | 章益鹏 | Ceramic coating added with porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114634724A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-17 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Modified spray material, non-stick material and cooker |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114305120A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江百特厨具有限公司 | Cooking utensil and preparation method |
| CN114605914A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Modified ceramic coating, modified base oil, modified surface oil, composite coating and cooker |
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| CN112137421A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112137421B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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