CN112133791A - Method for recycling photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Method for recycling photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN112133791A CN112133791A CN202011029313.1A CN202011029313A CN112133791A CN 112133791 A CN112133791 A CN 112133791A CN 202011029313 A CN202011029313 A CN 202011029313A CN 112133791 A CN112133791 A CN 112133791A
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- Prior art keywords
- recycling
- photovoltaic module
- interconnection
- photovoltaic
- film layer
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering a photovoltaic module, which starts from the source of the photovoltaic module, separates an outer frame, a TPT film layer, an EVA film layer, a battery string, an EVA film layer and glass from the photovoltaic module in sequence by splitting the structure of the photovoltaic module, and separates the battery string to complete the recovery and the reutilization of the battery string.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a method for recycling a photovoltaic module.
Background
The photovoltaic module (also called solar panel) is a core part of a solar power generation system and is also the most important part of the solar power generation system, and the photovoltaic module has the function of converting solar energy into electric energy and sending the electric energy to a storage battery for storage or pushing a load to work.
Photovoltaic modules as renewable energy sources are considered to be the biggest disadvantage of photovoltaic modules if the photovoltaic modules are not properly post-treated, and from the composition of the photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic modules comprise noble metals such as Ag and Au, harmful metals such as Pb, and the like, and the purity of the metals is high and can reach 99.9%, and the direct burial of the photovoltaic modules can cause environmental pollution. At present, a direct burial mode is adopted for recycling the photovoltaic module, the mode seems to solve the recycling problem of the photovoltaic module, however, Pb metal in the buried photovoltaic module can cause land pollution, and the recycling mode can also cause material waste; the other photovoltaic module recovery mode is to crush the photovoltaic module by using a crushing mode, then purify and refine the photovoltaic module by using a chemical dissolving mode to finally obtain a desired material.
Therefore, how to change the current situation that the photovoltaic module recycling treatment in the prior art is likely to cause environmental pollution becomes a problem to be urgently solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for recycling a photovoltaic module, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, so that the photovoltaic module can be recycled, and the environment pollution of the photovoltaic module is avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a method for recycling a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
step one, disassembling a lock edge of a frame of a packaged photovoltaic assembly, and disassembling the frame of the photovoltaic assembly;
step two, disassembling a junction box and a cable of the backboard;
thirdly, placing the laminated part of the photovoltaic module on a high-temperature bed, heating the laminated part to 110-160 ℃, and separating the laminated part in a hot atmosphere; stripping the TPT film layer in a nitrogen atmosphere environment;
peeling the EVA film layer in a high-temperature environment, and dismantling the glass;
stripping the battery string, and removing the interconnection strips;
sixthly, reducing the temperature of the high-temperature bed, and stripping the connecting part of the interconnection strip and the photovoltaic module;
and seventhly, recycling the interconnection bars, evaluating the battery strings and recycling the battery strings.
Preferably, in the first step, the photovoltaic module is fixed, the electric drill is used for destroying the edge locking, the inner edge and the outer edge of the frame are knocked, and the frame is taken down.
Preferably, in the fourth step, after the EVA film layer is peeled off, the glass is cleaned by an ultrasonic cleaning machine and recycled.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the EVA film layer is removed by using a spatula.
Preferably, in the fifth step, when the interconnection strip is glued and the battery string is stripped, the temperature of the high-temperature bed is raised to 200-220 ℃, the glue for gluing is melted, the interconnection strip is removed, and the residual glue in the residual structure is removed by deionized water in ultrasonic waves; when the interconnection bar is in welding connection, the connection body of the interconnection bar and the main grid is melted by an electric iron in the environment of 380 ℃, the interconnection bar is taken down, and the battery string is taken down.
Preferably, in the fifth step, after the battery string is taken down, the battery is screened by using the tester and recycled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: the method for recycling the photovoltaic module starts from the source of the photovoltaic module, separates the outer frame, the TPT film layer, the EVA film layer, the cell string, the EVA film layer and the glass from the photovoltaic module by splitting the structure of the photovoltaic module, and separates the cell string to finish recycling and reusing the cell string.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of recycling photovoltaic modules according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic module;
wherein, 1 is the frame, 2 is the TPT rete, 3 is the EVA rete, 4 is the battery, 5 is the interconnection strip, 6 is glass.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method for recycling a photovoltaic module, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, so that the photovoltaic module can be recycled, and the environment pollution of the photovoltaic module is avoided.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recycling a photovoltaic module according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module.
The invention provides a method for recycling a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
step one, disassembling the frame 1 of the packaged photovoltaic assembly and performing edge locking, and disassembling the frame 1 of the photovoltaic assembly. To the dismantlement of frame 1, in natural environment, use fixed clip to clip photovoltaic module, use the electric drill to destroy the lockstitching a border, the mode of the interior limit of reuse tapping frame 1 just can take off frame 1. The frame 1 is mainly made of Al alloy, can be melted and reused, and improves the recovery rate of the photovoltaic module.
And step two, disassembling the junction box and the cable of the backboard.
And step three, placing the remaining laminated part of the photovoltaic module on a high-temperature bed, wherein the high-temperature bed is used for heating the laminated part to 110-160 ℃, separating the laminated part in a hot atmosphere, and removing the TPT film layer 2 on the high-temperature bed at 110-160 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere. TPT is plastic, can be directly burned in a recovery furnace, and avoids generating plastic waste to pollute the environment.
And step four, stripping the EVA film layer 3 in a high-temperature environment (110-160 ℃). The thickness of EVA rete 3 is only about 0.3mm, and EVA rete 3 is flexible material, and the EVA rete 3 of handling under high temperature can become the less cubic of volume, can't retrieve, can directly burn, avoids influencing follow-up recycle. Glass 6 is low-iron tempered glass, and 6 upper surfaces of glass are the outside air, and the lower surface is EVA rete 3, and EVA rete 3 will soften under the condition of 150 ℃, uses ordinary scraper blade just can scrape EVA rete 3 off, then brushes glass 6, at last, in ultrasonic cleaner, just can accomplish the washing to glass 6. After the glass 6 is removed, the glass can be repeatedly used by adopting a welding mode, and the EVA film layer 3 is treated by a scraper after being softened.
And step five, stripping the battery string from the rest laminated part. The stripping temperature environment of the battery 4 is 200-220 ℃, the stripping temperature environment is used for removing the interconnection strips 5, if the interconnection strips 5 are glued, the glue can be melted at high temperature and can be directly removed, and then deionized water is used for removing residual residues in ultrasonic waves; if the interconnection bar 5 is soldered, the connection body (solder) between the interconnection bar 5 and the main grid can be melted again by using an electric soldering iron at 380 ℃, so that the interconnection bar 5 can be removed and the solar cell 4 can be directly used. That is, the solar cell 4 taken down can use the EL tester and the IV tester to screen the solar cell 4 again, and the damaged solar cell can be directly used, welded again, connected in series again, laminated again and finally packaged according to the standard, so that the work efficiency of recycling the photovoltaic module is improved.
And sixthly, reducing the temperature of the high-temperature bed, and stripping the connecting part of the interconnection strip 5 and the photovoltaic module.
And seventhly, recycling the interconnection strips 5, re-evaluating the solar cells 4, replacing the fragments and the hidden cracked solar cells 4, and recycling the damaged solar cells 4 or the solar cells 4 which are unqualified and comprise the hidden cracked solar cells 4 tested by the EL tester and the IV tester from the new state to the IC industry.
The solar cell 4 with the hidden crack forms a charge recombination region on the surface of a silicon wafer, so that the power generation efficiency of the solar cell 4 is reduced, and therefore, whether the solar cell 4 with the large hidden crack can be utilized or not needs to be detected to remove, and the utilization rate is improved to the maximum extent according to the specific regulations of the actual production situation.
The method for recycling the photovoltaic module starts from the source of the photovoltaic module, separates the outer frame 1, the TPT film layer 2, the EVA film layer 3, the battery string, the EVA film layer 3 and the glass 6 from the photovoltaic module by splitting the structure of the photovoltaic module, and separates the battery string to finish recycling and reusing the battery string.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of recycling a photovoltaic module, comprising the steps of:
step one, disassembling a lock edge of a frame of a packaged photovoltaic assembly, and disassembling the frame of the photovoltaic assembly;
step two, disassembling a junction box and a cable of the backboard;
thirdly, placing the laminated part of the photovoltaic module on a high-temperature bed, heating the laminated part to 110-160 ℃, and separating the laminated part in a hot atmosphere; stripping the TPT film layer in a nitrogen atmosphere environment;
peeling the EVA film layer in a high-temperature environment, and dismantling the glass;
stripping the battery string, and removing the interconnection strips;
sixthly, reducing the temperature of the high-temperature bed, and stripping the connecting part of the interconnection strip and the photovoltaic module;
and seventhly, recycling the interconnection bars, evaluating the battery strings and recycling the battery strings.
2. The method of recycling photovoltaic modules of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, fixing the photovoltaic module, using an electric drill to destroy the edge locking, knocking the inner edge and the outer edge of the frame, and taking down the frame.
3. The method of recycling photovoltaic modules of claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, after the EVA film layer is peeled off, cleaning the glass by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and recycling the glass.
4. The method of recycling photovoltaic modules of claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, removing the EVA film layer by using a scraper.
5. The method of recycling photovoltaic modules of claim 1, wherein: step five, when the interconnection strips are glued and the battery string is stripped, the temperature of the high-temperature bed is raised to 200-220 ℃, the glue for gluing is melted, the interconnection strips are removed, and the residual glue in the residual structure is removed by deionized water in ultrasonic waves; when the interconnection bar is in welding connection, the connection body of the interconnection bar and the main grid is melted by an electric iron in the environment of 380 ℃, the interconnection bar is taken down, and the battery string is taken down.
6. The method of recycling photovoltaic modules of claim 1, wherein: and step five, after the battery string is taken down, screening the batteries by using a tester, and recycling the batteries.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011029313.1A CN112133791A (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Method for recycling photovoltaic module |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011029313.1A CN112133791A (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Method for recycling photovoltaic module |
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| CN112133791A true CN112133791A (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| CN202011029313.1A Pending CN112133791A (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Method for recycling photovoltaic module |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113560745A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-29 | 上海瑟度能源科技有限公司 | Method for recycling photovoltaic cell assemblies |
| CN114871237A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for continuous pyrolysis treatment of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module |
| CN115156265A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Waste photovoltaic module separation and recovery method based on low-toxicity chemical method |
| CN115228896A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-10-25 | 常州工学院 | Microwave irradiation recovery device of cadmium telluride thin-film solar cell |
| CN115351052A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-18 | 深圳星河环境股份有限公司 | Retired photovoltaic module resource recovery system and operation method thereof |
| CN115228896B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2024-04-26 | 常州工学院 | Microwave irradiation recovery device of cadmium telluride thin film solar cell |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113560745A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-29 | 上海瑟度能源科技有限公司 | Method for recycling photovoltaic cell assemblies |
| CN114871237A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for continuous pyrolysis treatment of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module |
| CN115228896A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-10-25 | 常州工学院 | Microwave irradiation recovery device of cadmium telluride thin-film solar cell |
| CN115228896B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2024-04-26 | 常州工学院 | Microwave irradiation recovery device of cadmium telluride thin film solar cell |
| CN115156265A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Waste photovoltaic module separation and recovery method based on low-toxicity chemical method |
| CN115351052A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-18 | 深圳星河环境股份有限公司 | Retired photovoltaic module resource recovery system and operation method thereof |
| CN115351052B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2023-04-18 | 深圳星河环境股份有限公司 | Retired photovoltaic module resource recovery system and operation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201225 |