CN112121471A - Method and system for determining optimal thickening mode of differential full tailings - Google Patents
Method and system for determining optimal thickening mode of differential full tailings Download PDFInfo
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- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/01—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation using flocculating agents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a differential full-tailings optimal thickening mode determining system which comprises a thickening device, a local fluidization slurry making device, an underflow collecting device, a deep cone stirring device and an online monitoring and energy consumption analyzing system, wherein the local fluidization slurry making device comprises a bottom conical structure, a nozzle assembly and an air-water linkage slurry making system, the nozzle assembly is arranged on the side wall of the bottom conical structure in a penetrating manner, and the other end of the nozzle assembly is communicated with the air-water linkage slurry making system; the thickening system comprises a storage thickening bin, a feeding well mixing device, a sampling port and a ball valve, wherein the storage thickening bin is fixed above the bottom conical structure. The invention can solve the problems of selection of an optimal thickening mode, structural design of thickening, design of a slurry making system, control and matching of related parameters and the like by a set of thickening system aiming at the full tailings with different properties in engineering research and design, and provides technical support for realizing low-energy-consumption thickening and concentration-stable sand discharge of the full tailings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of filling of non-ferrous metal mines, in particular to a method and a system for determining an optimal thickening mode of differential full tailings, which are suitable for filling a mine underground by adopting full tailings.
Background
The full-tailings cemented filling is a trend in the mine filling field, and because different mines have different tailings properties and different tailings particle size compositions, and some mines have two-stage serious differentiation of coarse-particle-size tailings and fine-particle-size tailings, the selection of a thickening mode suitable for the tailings properties of different mines becomes important for the design of the whole filling system. The reasonable thickening mode not only needs to concentrate high-concentration underflow tailings to ensure the stability of a filling system, but also needs to have higher efficiency, low energy consumption and short flow. In the aspect of traditional selection of a full tailings thickening mode, the traditional selection of a thickening mode based on a vertical sand silo and a deep cone thickener is mainly adopted.
The existing deep cone thickening system consists of a thickening device, a deep cone stirring device, a bottom conical structure and a collecting device. The deep cone thickening mode is a thickening mode aiming at the high-speed development of fine-grain-size-grade full tailings in recent years, has a good thickening effect on superfine full tailings, and can realize continuous and stable sand discharge, but if the content of coarse-grain-size tailings in the tailing grain size composition is high, the rake pressing of a rake frame system of a deep cone thickener can be realized, the thickener is used as core equipment of the whole filling system, and once the rake pressing is carried out, the great influence is caused on the whole filling mine; meanwhile, the whole system has the defects of high investment, high energy consumption and the like.
The existing vertical sand silo system consists of a thickening device, a local fluidization slurry making device and an underflow discharge system. The vertical sand silo has the functions of storing and concentrating the whole tailings, is small in investment and simple in process, has application and development for decades in China, is mainly applied to concentrating the graded tailings, is less in application in the aspect of whole tailings concentration, and has the following problems in the aspects of research and application: (1) the technology is also based on foreign introduction, the basic mechanism of the technology is not sufficiently researched, the mode that each mine adopts a vertical sand silo is basically the same, and no unique design and research are provided for the properties of tailings of each mine; (2) the conditions of low underflow concentration, unstable concentration, poor flowing property after long-time precipitation, easy warehouse low hardening and the like exist; (3) the wind-water linkage device at the bottom of the sand silo and the structure of the cone at the bottom are not sufficiently researched, and a certain research on a local fluidization sand discharging mechanism and an optimal matching form is lacked.
Aiming at the problems that two thickening modes of the whole tailings are insufficient and exist in industrial application, if the whole tailings are subjected to industrial test, the investment is large, the system is complex, and a good effect cannot be obtained; the composition of the whole tailings is complex, the thickening process is complex, the factors of the sedimentation compression process and the slurry making and stable sand discharging process are multiple, the properties of the whole tailings of different mines are different, and the selection of a proper thickening mode in the design has great influence on the thickening effect, but if all the mines are subjected to industrial tests on each thickening mode, a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted.
At present, a set of thickening system is not developed at home and abroad aiming at all the differential full tailings of mines, and the influence of different thickening modes on the thickening performance of the full-tailing system is integrally researched, so that specific theoretical guidance is provided for the selection of the thickening modes in industrial application; meanwhile, a differential and personalized research system aiming at the control characteristics of the density structure, the density mechanism and related parameters is not provided; therefore, it becomes necessary to research and develop a set of system, which not only can save the engineering investment, provide theoretical guidance for the optimal engineering design, avoid the problems in the engineering application, but also can promote the development of the whole industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the invention is to provide a method and a system for determining the optimal thickening mode of differential full tailings, so that the optimal thickening mode can be obtained by a set of thickening systems aiming at full tailings of different mines and different properties; and provides guidance for process parameters in various aspects of dense structure design and slurry making system design, and provides theoretical and technical support for realizing stable concentration of full tailings and fluidized sand discharge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a differential full-tailings optimal thickening mode determining system comprises a thickening device, a local fluidization slurry making device, an online monitoring and energy consumption analyzing system, a wind-water linkage slurry making system, an underflow collecting device and a stirring device;
the local fluidization slurry making device comprises a bottom conical structure and a nozzle assembly, wherein the nozzle assembly is arranged on the side wall of the bottom conical structure in a penetrating manner, and the other end of the nozzle assembly is communicated with the wind-water linkage slurry making system;
the thickening device comprises a storage thickening bin, a feeding well mixing device, a sampling port and a ball valve, wherein the storage thickening bin is detachably fixed above the bottom conical structure, is assembled in a segmented mode and is made of transparent organic glass, and the storage thickening bin is segmented at intervals of 400 mm and 600 mm; when the storage thick bins are arranged in two or more sections, a sealing rubber gasket is arranged between two adjacent sections of the storage thick bins, the feeding well mixing device is installed at the top of the storage thick bins, the sampling port is arranged on the side wall of the storage thick bins, the ball valve is installed on the sampling port, and the top of the deep cone stirring device is fixed with the sand bin at the bottommost part in a detachable mode;
the underflow collecting device is used for collecting dense mortar discharged by the local fluidization slurry making device, and the online monitoring and energy consumption analyzing system is electrically connected with the wind-water linkage slurry making system and the deep cone stirring device respectively.
When the storage thickening bin is assembled in 1 section or 2 sections and the pipeline and the valve of the wind-water linkage slurry making system are closed, the deep cone thickening system is adopted; when the deep cone stirring device is disassembled, the storage thickening bin is assembled in 3-5 sections, and when the pipeline and the valve of the wind-water linkage slurry making system are opened, the storage thickening bin thickening system is adopted.
The differential full tailings thickening system can be disassembled and assembled, can be used for researching the thickening effects of the differential full tailings in various forms such as dynamic rotary thickening, discontinuous thickening, slurry making and sand discharging, continuous thickening, slurry making and sand discharging, and wind-water linkage local fluidization slurry making and sand discharging, and can be used for researching the sedimentation characteristics of different tailings, the thickening structure design, the slurry making system design, the optimal combination configuration of wind-water linkage and the pressure flow matching relation.
Further, pan feeding well mixing arrangement includes urceolus, mixing arrangement, annular passageway and annular discharge passageway, mixing arrangement set up in the urceolus top, annular passageway both ends UNICOM respectively the mixing arrangement lower extreme with annular discharge passageway upper end.
The installation position of the feeding well mixing device on the thickening device is relatively adjustable, the feeding well is provided with two rings of annular passages, the mixing path between the flocculating agent and the tailings is prolonged, the bottom of the feeding well is provided with an annular discharge channel, and the flocculating agent and the tailings are discharged from the edge of the feeding well mixing device.
Further, the nozzle assembly comprises a pipe body and a rotatable nozzle, the pipe body is arranged outside the side wall of the bottom conical structure, the rotatable nozzle is installed on the side wall of the bottom conical structure and is communicated with one end of the pipe body, the other end of the pipe body is communicated with the wind-water linkage slurry making assembly, the rotatable nozzle is a spherical joint, the rotating direction is-40 degrees, and the other end of the pipe body is communicated with the wind-water linkage slurry making system.
Furthermore, the wind-water linkage slurry making assembly comprises a high-pressure wind slurry making assembly and a high-pressure water slurry making assembly;
the high-pressure air slurry making assembly comprises an air compressor and an air supply pipeline, two ends of the air supply pipeline are respectively communicated with the air compressor and the nozzle assembly, and the air supply pipeline is provided with a flow meter, a gas pressure gauge, a ball valve and a pressure regulating valve;
the high-pressure water slurrying assembly comprises a water tank, a high-pressure micro water pump and a water supply pipeline, the high-pressure micro water pump is arranged in the water tank, two ends of the water supply pipeline are respectively communicated with the high-pressure micro water pump and the nozzle assembly, and a liquid digital flowmeter, a liquid pressure gauge and a ball valve are arranged on the water supply pipeline.
Further, the deep cone stirring device comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft, a supporting plate, a ball bearing, a rake rack rod and a disturbance block; the driving motor is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, the driving shaft is installed on the supporting plate through the ball bearing, the rake rod is fixed on the driving shaft, an included angle between the driving shaft and the rake rod is 30-60 degrees, and the disturbance block is fixed on the rake rod.
Further, the system for determining the optimal thickening mode of the differential full tailings further comprises a tailing supply system, a flocculating agent supply system and an online monitoring assembly;
the tailings supply system comprises a first mixing barrel, a first stirrer and a first pump; the first stirrer is arranged at the top of the first mixing cylinder, and two ends of the first pump are respectively communicated with the interior of the first mixing cylinder and the mixing device through pipelines;
the flocculant supply system comprises a second mixing drum, a second stirrer and a second pump; the second stirrer is arranged at the top of the second mixing cylinder, and two ends of the second pump are respectively communicated with the interior of the second mixing cylinder and the mixing device through pipelines;
the online monitoring and energy consumption analysis system comprises the air quantity and pressure of the high-pressure air slurry making assembly, the flow and pressure of the high-pressure water slurry making system, the voltage, the current and the rotating speed of the stirring device, the tailing flow of the tailing supply system, the rotating speed, the voltage and the current of the first pump, the rotating speed, the voltage and the current of the first stirrer, the flow of the flocculating agent supply system, the rotating speed, the voltage and the current of the second stirrer and the rotating speed, the voltage and the current parameters of the second pump, and calculates the full tailing energy consumption of the dense unit weight.
The invention also discloses a method for determining a system by utilizing the difference full tailings optimal thickening mode, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, assembling a deep cone thickening system according to the full tailings of different mines, and feeding materials for dynamic thickening;
step two, researching the thickening efficiency of the full tailings in unit weight, energy consumption, the change of the underflow concentration with time and the clarity of overflow water in a deep cone thickening mode;
thirdly, assembling a sand silo thickening bin system for thickening according to the selected full tailings;
step four, adopting the feeding mode of the step one, and researching the thickening efficiency, energy consumption, the change situation of the underflow concentration with time and the clarity of overflow water of the unit weight of the full tailings in the sand silo thickening mode;
comparing and analyzing indexes of thickening efficiency, unit energy consumption, underflow change condition, overflow water clarity and the like of the unit weight of the full tailings in two thickening modes of a deep cone and a sand silo, and determining the most suitable thickening mode of the full tailings;
and step six, if the selected mode is sand silo thick slurry making, further researching the pressure and flow regulation and control parameter range of the wind-water linkage slurry making system under different mud layer heights, and searching for the optimal matching parameter.
The sand silo thickening system can simulate discontinuous thickening slurry making and sand discharging, continuous thickening slurry making and sand discharging and air-water linkage local fluidization slurry making.
The pressure regulating range of the high-pressure wind slurry making assembly is 0.0-0.8 MPa; the water supply pressure of the high-pressure water slurrying component is 0-0.8MPa, and the flow rate is 0-5L/min.
Compared with the prior industrial application technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) by the system, aiming at the full tailings with different properties, the optimal thickening mode suitable for different tailings can be obtained by comparing indexes such as thickening efficiency, unit energy consumption, underflow change condition, overflow water clarity and the like under different thickening forms, and theoretical guidance is provided for final process flow design and application;
2) by the system, guidance can be provided for various process parameters such as the design of a cone at the bottom of a thickening device, the design of a wind-water linked slurry making nozzle, the installation angle of the slurry making nozzle, the determination of the optimal wind-water linked slurry making opening combination configuration according to different mud layer heights, the slurry making pressure and flow matching relation and the like, and the problem that the structure and the process parameters are unreasonable in industrial application is avoided;
3) by utilizing the system, a large number of industrial tests before the construction of the filling system are avoided, and the cost and the labor are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a thickening apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bottom cone structure and nozzle assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotatable nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the pipeline connection of the wind-water linkage slurry making system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a feed well mixing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a deep cone stirring apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an on-line monitoring and energy consumption analysis system according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a deep cone thickening simulation system in embodiment 1;
fig. 10 is a sand silo thickening simulation system in example 2.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for determining an optimal concentration mode of differential full tailings comprises a concentration device 1, a local fluidization slurry making device 2, an underflow collecting device 3, a deep cone stirring device 4, a tailings supply system 5, a flocculant supply system 6, an online monitoring and energy consumption analysis system 7, a wind-water linkage slurry making system 23 and a frame 8. The local fluidization slurry making device 2 is arranged on a frame 8, the thickening device 1 is fixed above the local fluidization slurry making device 2 in a detachable mode, and the underflow collecting device 3 is arranged below a discharge hole of the local fluidization slurry making device 2.
The invention can research the thickening effect of full tailings with different properties under the conditions of thickening modes such as deep cone thickening, vertical sand silo thickening, local fluidization slurrying and the like, and comprehensively evaluate the thickening property of the full tailings. The deep cone stirring device 4 can be selectively installed or the wind-water linkage slurry making system 23 can be communicated as required.
As shown in fig. 2, the thickening apparatus 1 includes a storage thickening bin 11, a feed well mixing device 12, a sampling port 13, a ball valve 14, and a sealing rubber gasket 15. Store dense storehouse 11 and be transparent organic glass, its diameter is 500mm, stores dense storehouse 11 bottom along circumferencial direction equipartition bolt hole, carries out the built-up connection through bolt and frame 8, can realize dismantling the convenience. The height direction is in a sectional assembly type, the sections are divided into sections at intervals of 500mm, the sections are connected through bolts, a sealing rubber gasket 15 is arranged between the sections, sampling ports 13 are arranged at intervals of 10cm between the sections, the diameter of each sampling port 13 is DN20mm, and a ball valve 14 is arranged, so that sampling and stage drainage of overflow water at different mud layer heights can be realized; the combined sectional thickening device can realize the research on the concentration characteristics of the underflow under the conditions of certain diameter and different height ratios, and provides theoretical guidance for the design of thickening equipment.
The feeding well mixing device 12 is arranged at the top of the storage thickening bin 11, and the feeding well mixing device 12 is relatively adjustable in the center of the thickening device 1. As shown in fig. 6, the feed well mixing device 12 includes an outer barrel 121, a mixing device 122, an annular passageway 123, and an annular discharge channel 124. The mixing device 12 of the feeding well is provided with a central mixing device 122, the mixing device 122 is arranged on the top of the outer cylinder 121, and two ends of the annular passage 123 are respectively communicated with the lower end of the mixing device 122 and the upper end of the annular discharge channel 124. The flocculant and the tailings are mixed in the mixing drum and then enter the mixing device 122, pass through the two circles of annular passages 123, prolong the mixing path between the flocculant and the tailings, fully mix the flocculant and the tailings, improve the flocculation and sedimentation effects, and finally are discharged out of the feed well mixing device 12 through the disk-shaped discharge channel 124 at the bottom of the feed well.
The local fluidization slurrying device 2 comprises a bottom conical structure 21 and a nozzle assembly 22. As shown in fig. 3, the bottom conical structure 21 is a detachable assembly type, is simple to detach and convenient to process, and can be rolled and processed into a cone with any angle by using a steel plate with the thickness of 2-5mm, so that the influence of the cone angle on the underflow thickening performance is researched for different properties of full tailings, and a bottom cone form suitable for different tailings properties is found, thereby providing guidance for industrial application. The nozzle assembly 22 includes a tube 221 and a rotatable nozzle 222, wherein the tube 221 is a seamless steel tube. The conical structures 21 at the bottom are uniformly distributed along the circumference and the vertical direction
Holes are formed at intervals of 20mm in the circumferential direction, a circle is formed at intervals of 30mm in the vertical direction, and the number of wind-water linkage circles arranged on the bottom conical structure 21Welding an internally tapped M10 thread seamless steel pipe in the hole, wherein the number of turns is not less than 3; the bottom conical structure 21 is provided with a threaded joint with the length of 20mm and the diameter DN50, and can be matched with variable diameter joints with different specifications, namely DN50, to be connected with a sand discharge joint.
As shown in fig. 4, the rotatable nozzle 222 is a spherical rotating structure, the rotating range is ± 40 °, the spraying direction of high-pressure air or high-pressure water in the slurry making system can be changed, the whole nozzle is in threaded connection with the bottom cone 13, the nozzle is convenient to detach and replace, and the optimal arrangement direction of the nozzle suitable for different cones can be researched. The rotatable nozzle 222 is communicated with one end of the tube 221, and the other end of the tube 221 is communicated with the wind-water linkage slurry making system 23. In the circumferential direction of the cone, the high-pressure water slurry making nozzle and the high-pressure air nozzle can be connected in an interchangeable way.
As shown in fig. 5, the wind-water linked slurry making system 23 includes a high pressure wind slurry making assembly 231 and a high pressure water slurry making assembly 232, and the ellipse in fig. 5 is a dotted line, which represents that a circle of pipelines is on a plane.
The high pressure wind slurrying assembly 231 includes an air compressor 2311, an air supply line 2312, a gas digital flow meter 2313, a gas pressure gauge 2314, a manual ball valve 2315 and a pressure regulating valve 2316. The air compressor 2311 has a pressure and flow rate adjusting function. The gas digital flowmeter 2313 and the gas pressure gauge 2314 are used for detecting the pressure and the flow of the air supply pipeline in real time on line. The main gas supply pipeline and the branch pipelines are provided with manual ball valves 2315, the main pipeline is provided with a pressure regulating valve 2316, the regulating range is 0.0-0.8MPa, the main pipeline adopts seamless steel pipes, and each branch pipeline adopts seamless steel pipes
The transparent rubber hoses of each branch are provided with valves, the air supply quantity can be adjusted, and the transparent rubber hoses are connected with the conical seamless steel pipe through a hoop;
the high-pressure water slurrying component 232 comprises a high-pressure micro water pump 2322, a liquid digital flowmeter 2324, a liquid pressure gauge 2325, a water tank 2321, a water supply pipeline 2323 and a valve, wherein the water supply pressure of the high-pressure micro water pump 2322 is 0-0.8MPa, the flow rate is 0-5L/min, the main pipeline adopts a seamless steel pipe, and each branch pipeline adopts a seamless steel pipe
The transparent rubber hose is connected with the cone seamless steel pipe in a clamping manner, and each high-pressure water pipeline is provided with a manual ball valve 2326 which can manually adjust the flow rate of the slurry. The main pipes of the high-pressure air and high-pressure water slurrying pipelines are communicated, and the switch is controlled through a manual ball valve. The wind-water linkage slurry making system 23 is communicated with the pipe body 221, and by controlling the manual ball valve between the high-pressure wind and high-pressure water slurry making pipeline main pipes, the slurry making of each nozzle in the bottom slurry making system can be realized by high-pressure wind or high-pressure water.
As shown in fig. 7, the deep cone stirring device 4 comprises a driving motor 41, a driving shaft 42, a supporting plate 43, a ball bearing 44, a rake lever 45 and a disturbing block 46. The included angle between the rake rack rods 45 and the driving shaft 42 is 45 degrees, 2 rake rack rods are arranged on each group of rake rack rods 45, disturbance blocks 46 are additionally welded in the rods so as to enlarge the disturbance area, the deep cone stirring device 4 is assembled and is connected with the thickening device 1 through bolts, and the deep cone stirring device is convenient to disassemble and assemble.
As shown in fig. 10, the tailings supply system 5 includes a first mixing drum 51, a first stirrer 52, and a first pump 53; the first stirrer 52 is installed on the top of the first mixing drum 51, and both ends of the first pump 53 are respectively communicated with the interior of the first mixing drum 51 and the mixing device 122 through pipelines. The flocculant supply system 6 includes a second mixing drum 61 and a second agitator 62 and a second pump 63; the second stirrer 62 is installed on the top of the second mixing barrel 61, and two ends of the second pump 63 are respectively communicated with the interior of the second mixing barrel 61 and the mixing device 122 through pipelines. The on-line monitoring and energy consumption analysis system 7 is respectively and electrically connected with the tailing supply system 5, the flocculating agent supply system 6, the wind-water linkage slurry making system 23, the thickening device 1 and the deep cone stirring device 4.
As shown in fig. 8, the on-line monitoring and energy consumption analyzing system 7 includes data acquisition and upper computer monitoring, wherein data such as pressure and high pressure air volume in the high pressure air slurry making assembly 231, water volume and pressure in the high pressure water slurry making assembly 232, rotating speed and current in the deep cone stirring device 4, rotating speed and current of the first stirrer 52 in the tailing supply system 5, and rotating speed and current of the second stirrer 62 in the flocculating agent supply system 6 are acquired and displayed in the upper computer monitoring system; in the energy consumption analysis system, the collected data are filtered, and the energy consumption for processing tailings of unit weight and the processing efficiency for achieving different thickening modes under the same underflow concentration are calculated under different thickening modes such as deep cone thickening, local fluidization slurry making, sand silo thickening and the like.
Example 1
Fig. 9 illustrates a deep cone thickening system in the differential full tailings optimum thickening mode determining system, in which the frame 8, the bottom conical structure 21 and the section of the storage thickening bin 11 are combined together through bolts, the top of the deep cone stirring device 4 is fixed on the upper end surface of the storage thickening bin 11 through bolts, and the feeding well mixing device 12 is installed on the upper end surface of the storage thickening bin 11, so as to form a dynamic simulation system for simulating deep cone thickening.
The full tailings with certain mass concentration are prepared and added into a tailing stirring barrel, and are uniformly stirred in a first mixing barrel 51; preparing a flocculating agent with a certain concentration, adding the flocculating agent into the second mixing cylinder 61, and uniformly stirring; while the tailings feed first agitator 52 and flocculant feed second agitator 62 are turned on, both first agitator 52 and second agitator 62 employ peristaltic pumps. Pumping the tailings and the flocculating agent into a feeding well mixing device 12, fully mixing the tailings and the flocculating agent, settling in a thickening device 1, and starting a driving motor 41 when the height of a flocculation settling mud layer exceeds that of a rake rack rod 45 so as to enable the settled tailings to be uniformly and dynamically thickened in the thickening device; and the overflow water enters a backwater collecting system through a sampling port 13 at the top of the thickening device 1, the overflow water is sampled at intervals, the clarity of the overflow water is observed, and the ppm content value in the overflow water is measured. And opening an outlet valve of the bottom conical structure 21, controlling the opening degree of the valve to be about 1/2, sampling the underflow at regular intervals, and determining the concentration change value of the underflow.
The on-line monitoring and energy consumption analysis system 7 is used for monitoring the thickening rotating speed, energy consumption of a stirring system and energy consumption of a peristaltic pump in real time, and comprehensive energy consumption of the tailing sand of the thickening unit weight is measured through sampling for a certain time.
When the deep cone thickening slurry making is simulated, all pipelines and valves of the wind-water linkage slurry making system 23 do not need to be opened.
The influence of relevant factors on the dynamic thickening effect is researched by adjusting the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump to adjust the feeding speed, preparing tailings with different mass concentrations, the unit consumption of the flocculating agent, the rotating speed of the rake rack rod 45 and other parameters.
The set of thickening system can be used for researching the dynamic deep cone continuous thickening effect, the concentration change condition, the thickening energy consumption, the overflow water clarity and other parameters of the full tailings with different properties, and provides a basis for selecting the thickening mode of the full tailings.
Fig. 10 illustrates a sand silo simulation system in the differential full-tailings optimal thickening mode determination system, which can research the thickening effect of full tailings under the conditions of discontinuous thickening slurry making and sand discharging, continuous thickening slurry making and sand discharging, wind-water linked local fluidization slurry making and sand discharging and the like.
The simulation system shown in example 2 is obtained by taking out the deep cone stirring device 4 of example 1 from the thickener 1 and assembling and installing the thickener 1 according to different height-diameter ratios.
The full tailings with certain mass concentration are prepared and added into a tailing stirring barrel, and are uniformly stirred in a first mixing barrel 51; preparing a flocculating agent with a certain concentration, adding the flocculating agent into the second mixing cylinder 61, and uniformly stirring; while the tailings feed first agitator 52 and flocculant feed second agitator 62 are turned on, both first agitator 52 and second agitator 62 employ peristaltic pumps. Pumping the tailings and the flocculating agent into a feed well mixing device 12, fully mixing the tailings and the flocculating agent, settling in a thickening device 1, allowing overflow water to enter a backwater collecting system through a sampling port 13 at the top of the thickening device 1, sampling the overflow water at intervals, observing the clarity of the overflow water, and measuring the ppm content value in the overflow water.
(1) Discontinuous thickening slurry making and sand discharging:
after the height of the tailings in the mud layer in the whole thickening device is stable, discharging clarified liquid at different heights through a ball valve 14 in the thickening device 1, and stopping feeding of the tailings and a flocculating agent;
secondly, opening a valve of a local fluidization slurry making system communicated with the bottom of the bottom conical structure 21, adjusting the pressure and flow of a compressed air slurry making pipeline, making slurry for a certain time, observing the slurry making effect, and stopping making slurry;
standing the settled tailings for a certain time, and discharging supernatant;
opening an outlet valve of the bottom conical structure 21, controlling the opening degree of the valve to be about 1/2, sampling the underflow at regular intervals, and measuring the concentration change value of the underflow;
and an online monitoring and energy consumption analysis system 7 is utilized to monitor the slurry making pressure and flow, the energy consumption of a stirring system and the energy consumption of a peristaltic pump in real time, measure the comprehensive energy consumption of the tailings with the unit weight of thickening, and simultaneously evaluate the thickening efficiency through the whole thickening time.
The influence of relevant factors on the thickening effect is researched by adjusting the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump to adjust the feeding speed, preparing tailings with different mass concentrations, and the unit consumption of the flocculating agent.
The intermittent dense air-water slurrying thickening effect, the concentration fluctuation, the thickening energy consumption, the overflow water clarity, the treatment capacity and the like of all tailings with different properties can be researched through the thickening system, and a basis is provided for selecting the thickening mode of all tailings.
(2) Continuous thick slurry making and sand discharging
After the height of the mud layer in the whole thickening device 1 is stable, opening a valve of a local fluidization slurry making system communicated with the bottom of the bottom conical structure 21, adjusting the pressure and flow of a compressed gas slurry making pipeline, making slurry for a certain time, observing the slurry making effect, and stopping making slurry;
opening an outlet valve of the bottom conical structure 21, controlling the opening degree of the valve to be about 1/2, sampling underflow at regular intervals without stopping sand feeding, measuring the concentration of the underflow, and measuring the clarity of overflow water;
and an online monitoring and energy consumption analysis system 7 is utilized to monitor the slurry making pressure and flow, the energy consumption of a stirring system and the energy consumption of a peristaltic pump in real time, measure the comprehensive energy consumption of the tailings with the unit weight of thickening, and simultaneously evaluate the thickening efficiency and the thickening effect through the whole thickening time.
The influence of relevant factors on the thickening effect can be researched by adjusting the rotating speed of the peristaltic pump to adjust the feeding speed, preparing tailings with different mass concentrations, and the unit consumption of the flocculating agent.
The continuous dense air-water slurrying thickening effect, the concentration fluctuation, the thickening energy consumption, the overflow water clarity, the treatment capacity and the like of all tailings with different properties can be researched through the thickening system, and a basis is provided for selecting the thickening mode of all tailings.
(3) Wind-water linkage local fluidization slurry making
After the height of the mud layer in the whole thickening device is stable, completely starting a local fluidized slurry making system, adjusting the pressure and flow of a compressed air slurry making pipeline, making slurry for a certain time, observing the slurry making effect, and stopping making slurry;
opening an outlet valve of the bottom conical structure 21, controlling the opening degree of the valve to be about 1/2, stopping sand feeding, sampling underflow at regular intervals, measuring the concentration of the underflow, and measuring the clarity of overflow water;
thirdly, repeating the first step and the second step, respectively starting slurry making systems with different turns, making slurry for a certain time, sampling underflow and measuring the slurry making effect;
fourthly, repeating the first step and the second step, adjusting the pulping pressure with different turns, pulping for a certain time, sampling underflow and measuring the pulping effect;
and fifthly, repeating the steps of (i) - (iv), and measuring the starting turns of the slurry making system and the slurry making pressure required to be set under different mud layer heights.
The system can research the full tailings with different properties at different mud layer heights, the local aeolian water slurry thickening effect and the most suitable relation of pressure and flow, and provides a basis for the thickening of the full tailings.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as modified in all equivalent forms, by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A differential full-tailings optimal thickening mode determining system comprises a thickening device (1), a local fluidization slurry making device (2), an online monitoring and energy consumption analyzing system (7), a wind-water linkage slurry making system (23), a bottom flow collecting device (3) and a stirring device (4);
the local fluidization slurry making device (2) comprises a bottom conical structure (21) and a nozzle assembly (22), wherein the nozzle assembly (22) penetrates through the side wall of the bottom conical structure (21), and the other end of the nozzle assembly is communicated with the wind-water linkage slurry making system (23);
the thickening device (1) comprises a storage thickening bin (11), a feeding well mixing device (12), a sampling port (13) and a ball valve (14), wherein the storage thickening bin (11) is detachably fixed above the bottom conical structure (21), the storage thickening bin (11) is in a segmented assembly type and is made of transparent organic glass, and segments are arranged at intervals of 400 mm and 600 mm; when the storage thickening bin (11) is provided with two or more sections, a sealing rubber gasket (15) is arranged between the two adjacent sections, the feeding well mixing device (12) is installed at the top of the storage thickening bin (11), the sampling port (13) is arranged on the side wall of the storage thickening bin (11), the ball valve (14) is installed on the sampling port (13), and the top of the stirring device (4) is detachably fixed with the bottommost storage thickening bin (11);
the underflow collecting device (3) is used for collecting dense mortar discharged by the local fluidization slurry making device (2), and the online monitoring and energy consumption analyzing system (7) is electrically connected with the wind-water linkage slurry making system (23) and the stirring device (4) respectively.
2. The system for determining the optimal thickening mode of differential full tailings according to claim 1, wherein the feeding well mixing device (12) comprises an outer cylinder (121), a mixing device (122), an annular passage (123) and an annular discharge channel (124), the mixing device (122) is arranged at the top of the outer cylinder (121), and two ends of the annular passage (123) are respectively communicated with the lower end of the mixing device (122) and the upper end of the annular discharge channel (124).
3. The system for determining the optimal thickening mode of differential full tailings according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle assembly (22) comprises a pipe body (221) and a rotatable nozzle (222), the pipe body (221) is arranged outside the side wall of the bottom conical structure (21), the rotatable nozzle (222) is installed on the side wall of the bottom conical structure (21) and is communicated with one end of the pipe body (221), the rotatable nozzle (222) adopts a spherical joint, the rotation direction is-40 degrees, and the other end of the pipe body (221) is communicated with the geomantic omen linkage slurry making system (23).
4. The differential full tailings optimum thickening system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the geomantic omen linkage slurry making system (23) comprises a high pressure geomantic omen making assembly (231) and a high pressure water slurry making assembly (232);
the high-pressure wind power generation assembly (231) comprises an air compressor (2311) and an air supply pipeline (2312), two ends of the air supply pipeline (2312) are respectively communicated with the air compressor (2311) and the nozzle assembly (22), and a flow meter (2313), a gas pressure gauge (2314), a ball valve (2315) and a pressure regulating valve (2316) are installed on the air supply pipeline (2312);
the high-pressure water slurrying assembly (232) comprises a water tank (2321), a high-pressure micro water pump (2322) and a water supply pipeline (2323), the high-pressure micro water pump (2322) is arranged in the water tank (2321), two ends of the water supply pipeline (2323) are respectively communicated with the high-pressure micro water pump (2322) and the nozzle assembly (22), and a liquid digital flow meter (2324), a liquid pressure gauge (2325) and a ball valve (2326) are mounted on the water supply pipeline (2323).
5. The system for determining the optimal concentration of differential total tailings according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stirring device (4) comprises a driving motor (41), a driving shaft (42), a supporting plate (43), a ball bearing (44), a rake lever (45) and a disturbing block (46); the driving motor (41) is fixedly connected with the driving shaft (42), the driving shaft (42) is installed on the supporting plate (43) through the ball bearing (44), the rake rod (45) is fixed on the driving shaft (42), an included angle between the driving shaft (42) and the rake rod (45) is 30-60 degrees, and the disturbance block is fixed on the rake rod (45).
6. The system for determining the optimal concentration of differential full tailings according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a tailings supply system (5), a flocculant supply system (6) and an on-line monitoring and energy consumption analysis system (7);
the tailings supply system (5) comprises a first mixing drum (51), a first stirrer (52) and a first pump (53); a first stirrer (52) is arranged at the top of the first mixing cylinder (51), and two ends of the first pump (53) are respectively communicated with the interior of the first mixing cylinder (51) and the mixing device (122) through pipelines;
the flocculant supply system (6) comprises a second mixing drum (61), a second agitator (62) and a second pump (63); a second stirrer (62) is arranged at the top of the second mixing cylinder (61), and two ends of the second pump (63) are respectively communicated with the interior of the second mixing cylinder (61) and the mixing device (122) through pipelines;
the online monitoring and energy consumption analysis system (7) comprises a high-pressure wind slurry making assembly (231) for detecting the air volume and pressure, a high-pressure water slurry making system (232) for detecting the flow volume and pressure, a stirring device (4) for detecting the voltage, the current and the flow rate of tailings, a tailing supply system (5) for detecting the rotation rate, the voltage and the current of a first pump (53), a first stirrer (52) for detecting the rotation rate, the voltage and the current, a flocculating agent supply system (6) for detecting the flow rate, a second stirrer (62) for detecting the rotation rate, the voltage and the current of a second pump (63) for calculating the total tailing energy consumption of the dense unit weight.
7. A method for determining a system using the differential full tailings optimum concentration method of any of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
firstly, assembling a deep cone thickening system according to the full tailings of different mines, and feeding materials for dynamic thickening;
step two, researching the thickening efficiency of the full tailings in unit weight, energy consumption, the change of the underflow concentration with time and the clarity of overflow water in a deep cone thickening mode;
thirdly, assembling a vertical sand silo system for thickening according to the selected full tailings;
step four, adopting the feeding mode of the step one, and researching the thickening efficiency, energy consumption, the change situation of the underflow concentration with time and the clarity of overflow water of the unit weight of the full tailings in the sand silo thickening mode;
comparing and analyzing indexes of thickening efficiency, unit energy consumption, underflow change condition, overflow water clarity and the like of the unit weight of the full tailings in two thickening modes of a deep cone and a sand silo, and determining the most suitable thickening mode of the full tailings;
and step six, if the selected mode is sand silo thick slurry making, further researching the pressure and flow regulation and control parameter range of the wind-water linkage slurry making system under different mud layer heights, and searching for the optimal matching parameter.
8. The method for determining differential full tailings optimum thickening according to claim 7, wherein the sand silo thickening system can simulate intermittent thickening slurry discharge, continuous thickening slurry discharge and air-water linked local fluidization slurry discharge.
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