CN112113903A - Structural crack detection device for building engineering - Google Patents
Structural crack detection device for building engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN112113903A CN112113903A CN202010991005.0A CN202010991005A CN112113903A CN 112113903 A CN112113903 A CN 112113903A CN 202010991005 A CN202010991005 A CN 202010991005A CN 112113903 A CN112113903 A CN 112113903A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a structural crack detection device for constructional engineering; a lifting mechanism and a translation mechanism are arranged inside the shell; the translation mechanism comprises a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod which are symmetrically arranged on two sides in the shell; the first sliding rods are provided with first sliding blocks, and the second sliding rods are provided with second sliding blocks; the outer side wall of the second sliding block is connected with a first motor, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with a first threaded rod, the other end of the first threaded rod is connected with a bearing, and the other end of the first threaded rod is rotatably connected with the first sliding block through the bearing; a moving block is arranged on the first threaded rod, the outer side wall of the moving block is connected with a pull rod, and a camera is arranged below the pull rod; the structure is light, through angle and the distance that translation mechanism amount elevating system can diversely adjust the camera, shoots the formation of image good, improves the detection effect, is being used for long distance crack to detect time measuring, promotes the base and shoots in succession, improves detection efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of constructional engineering detection, and particularly relates to a structural crack detection device for constructional engineering.
Background
Along with the development of economy, the urbanization progress of China is continuously accelerated, and infrastructure construction is very important when urban development is carried out, so that certain opportunities are provided for the development of the building industry. However, with the continuous development of construction, many quality problems occur during infrastructure construction, which also causes adverse effects on the progress and development of the building industry in China; in the building construction process, cracks often appear after the concrete is poured, certain potential safety hazards are brought to buildings due to the cracks, and the life and property safety of people is seriously threatened.
The crack detection is carried out on the vertical wall surface in the building engineering, so that the shot picture is convenient to directly carry out, is clear, and can be directly used for confirming the grade of the crack and the damage of the crack through the shot crack image, so that the crack can be prevented from happening in the bud and the construction quality of the building engineering is ensured; however, for some ground cracks, especially for ground cracks in a longer range, it is still difficult to detect by taking pictures, and in the process of manual shooting, the stability is poor, which causes picture quality problems and affects the detection result; the conventional crack detection device is inconvenient to use, and is designed aiming at the current situation that the building plane cannot be stably detected in a long distance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a structural crack detection device for constructional engineering, which is light in structure, good in shooting and imaging and improved in detection effect, can adjust the angle and distance of a camera in multiple directions through a lifting mechanism of a translation mechanism, and pushes a base to shoot continuously when the device is used for detecting long-distance cracks, so that the detection efficiency is improved.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a structural crack detection device for construction engineering; a base and a housing; the shell is arranged above the base, a through groove is formed in the center of the base, and the through groove and the bottom of the shell correspond to each other and are communicated; a lifting mechanism and a translation mechanism are arranged inside the shell; the translation mechanism comprises a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod which are symmetrically arranged on two sides in the shell; the first sliding rods are provided with first sliding blocks, and the second sliding rods are provided with second sliding blocks; the outer side wall of the second sliding block is connected with a first motor, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with a first threaded rod, the other end of the first threaded rod is connected with a bearing, and the other end of the first threaded rod is rotatably connected with the first sliding block through the bearing; the camera is arranged below the pull rod and can take crack pictures from the through groove by translating left and right or moving up and down.
Preferably, the first threaded rod is provided with two moving blocks, and the center positions of the moving blocks are provided with internal threads which are matched with the first threaded rod for rotation connection.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting plate, the lifting plate is of a U-shaped structure, one end of the lifting plate is connected with the outer side wall of the first sliding block, and the other end of the lifting plate is connected with the outer side wall of the second sliding block.
Preferably, a U-shaped fixing plate is arranged above the lifting plate, the fixing plate is connected with the inner wall of the shell, a second motor is arranged on the inner side of the fixing plate, and an output shaft of the second motor penetrates through the fixing plate and is in clearance sliding connection with the fixing plate; the output shaft of the second motor is connected with a second threaded rod.
Preferably, the second threaded rod penetrates through the lifting plate, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lifting plate, and the second threaded rod is rotatably connected with the lifting plate through the threaded hole; the other end of the second threaded rod is provided with a limiting block.
Preferably, one side of the shell is provided with a control box, a power switch is arranged in the control box, and the control box is connected with the first motor, the second motor and the camera through wires.
Preferably, the first threaded rod is in threaded fit with the first sliding block and the second sliding block, the second threaded rod is in threaded fit with the lifting plate, materials of the matching surfaces are subjected to heat treatment, the hardness Y is 43-68HRC, and the tensile strength Q is 420-680 MPa; particularly, the hardness Y and the tensile strength Q satisfy Y.Q of 18500 and 45650 inclusive.
Preferably, the first slide bar and the first slide block, and the second slide bar and the second slide block are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance is 35-55 micrometers. In order to further improve the matching precision of each component of the structural crack detection device, prolong the service life and further improve the detection effect, the following relations are satisfied among the matching clearance, the hardness Y and the tensile strength Q:
Q/Y=ζ·/π2；
wherein pi is a circumference ratio; zeta is a relation coefficient, and the value range is 1.2-4.1.
Preferably, one side of the base is provided with a push rod, and the bottom of the base is provided with a plurality of universal wheels.
Preferably, the detection method for the crack detection device comprises the following steps:
s1, aligning the through groove of the base with the crack, and controlling the first motor and the second motor to adjust through a power switch;
s2, after the shooting angle is adjusted, shooting and evidence obtaining are carried out;
s3, preprocessing a crack image;
s4, detecting a crack image;
and S5, identifying the crack image.
In the steps S1 and S2, the rotation of the second motor is controlled to drive the second threaded rod to rotate, so that the lifting plate is further driven to ascend or descend, the height of the camera from the ground is adjusted, the width of the shot picture is changed, and the shooting effect is improved; the first threaded rod is driven to rotate through the first motor, the moving block is driven to move on the threaded rod, the camera connected to the moving block moves in the horizontal direction, the horizontal angle of a photographing view is convenient to adjust, and meanwhile the stability of photographing pictures is improved.
Step S3 includes a, carrying out gray processing on the shot crack picture; b, filtering the gray level image acquired in the previous step by using a nonlinear median filter; c, processing the acquired image by using a gray image equalization algorithm; and d, performing image two-value speech processing by using an adaptive threshold method based on iterative optimization.
In step S4, a crack image obtained after image preprocessing has a large number of pseudo crack regions, and further filtering is required to extract the pseudo crack regions, the image processing technique based on morphology is used to filter out the pseudo crack regions, the crack image is filtered by using two features of length and width, and the pseudo crack regions are filtered and removed.
And step S5, calculating the information of the area size, the crack length value, the crack width value, the crack shape direction and the like of the crack area of the detected image, storing and analyzing the information so as to facilitate later inquiry and use.
Preferably, in order to improve the shooting precision, the stability of the shot picture is further improved, and the detection precision is improved; the descending or ascending height of the camera is H, and the pitch P of the second threaded rod is 0.18-0.35 cm; the diameter of the second threaded rod is within the range of D2.6-5.8 cm; then H satisfies the following relationship:
H ·P =α·arctanφ（πD）；
in the above formula, α is a height adjustment coefficient, and the value range is 0.198 to 1.593.
H is in cm; phi is the lead angle of the second threaded rod in degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the structural crack detection device for the building engineering, disclosed by the invention, the rotation of the second threaded rod is driven by controlling the rotation of the second motor, so that the lifting plate is further driven to ascend or descend, the height of the camera from the ground is adjusted, the width of shot pictures is changed, and the shooting effect is improved; the first threaded rod is driven to rotate through the first motor, the moving block is driven to move on the threaded rod, the camera connected to the moving block moves in the horizontal direction, the horizontal angle of a photographing view is convenient to adjust, and meanwhile the stability of photographing pictures is improved.
(2) The structural crack detection device for the building engineering is light in structure, the angle and the distance of the camera can be adjusted in multiple directions through the lifting mechanism of the translation mechanism, shooting imaging is good, the detection effect is improved, when the device is used for detecting long-distance cracks, the base is pushed to continuously shoot, and the detection efficiency is improved.
(3) The structural crack detection device for the building engineering has a simple structure. Stable transmission, convenient operation, power and labor saving in the operation process and low maintenance cost.
(4) The invention relates to a structural crack detection device for constructional engineering, which is characterized in that the descending or ascending height of a camera is limited to be, and the screw pitch of a second threaded rod is limited to be; the relation between second threaded rod diameter and the second threaded rod lead angle further improves the shooting precision, improves the stability of shooting the picture, promotes the accuracy that detects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the base of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the moving mass of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of image detection of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of image pre-processing of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a housing; 3. a through groove; 4. a push rod; 5. a control box; 6. a universal wheel; 7. a first slide bar; 8. a first slider; 9. a first motor; 10. a bearing; 11. a first threaded rod; 12. a fixing plate; 13. a second motor; 14. a second threaded rod; 15. a limiting block; 16. a moving block; 17. a pull rod; 18. a camera; 19. a lifting plate; 20. an internal thread; 21. a second slide bar; 22. and a second slider.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a structural crack detecting apparatus for construction engineering; a base 1 and a housing 2; the shell 2 is arranged above the base 1, a through groove 3 is formed in the center of the base 1, and the through groove 3 corresponds to and is communicated with the bottom of the shell 2; a lifting mechanism and a translation mechanism are arranged inside the shell 2; the translation mechanism comprises a first sliding rod 7 and a second sliding rod 21 which are symmetrically arranged at two sides in the shell 2; the first slide bars 7 are respectively provided with a first slide block 8, and the second slide bars 21 are respectively provided with a second slide block 22; the outer side wall of the second sliding block 22 is connected with a first motor 9, the output shaft of the first motor 9 is connected with a first threaded rod 11, the other end of the first threaded rod 11 is connected with a bearing 10, and the other end of the first threaded rod 11 is rotatably connected with the first sliding block 8 through the bearing 10; the first threaded rod 11 is provided with a moving block 16, the outer side wall of the moving block 16 is connected with a pull rod 17, a camera 18 is arranged below the pull rod 17, and the camera 18 can shoot crack pictures from the through groove 3 through horizontal translation or vertical movement.
Two moving blocks 16 are arranged on the first threaded rod 11, internal threads 20 are formed in the center of each moving block 16, and the moving blocks are matched with the first threaded rod 11 through the internal threads 20 and are in rotating connection; the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting plate 19, the lifting plate 19 is of a U-shaped structure, one end of the lifting plate 19 is connected with the outer side wall of the first sliding block 8, and the other end of the lifting plate 19 is connected with the outer side wall of the second sliding block 22; a U-shaped fixing plate 12 is arranged above the lifting plate 19, the fixing plate 12 is connected with the inner wall of the shell 2, a second motor 13 is arranged on the inner side of the fixing plate 12, and an output shaft of the second motor 13 penetrates through the fixing plate 12 and is in clearance sliding connection with the fixing plate 12; a second threaded rod 14 is connected to an output shaft of the second motor 13.
The second threaded rod 14 penetrates through the lifting plate 19, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lifting plate 19, and the second threaded rod 14 is rotatably connected with the lifting plate 19 through the threaded hole; the other end of the second threaded rod 14 is provided with a limiting block 15; a control box 5 is arranged on one side of the shell 2, a power switch is arranged in the control box 5, and the control box is connected with the first motor 9, the second motor 13 and the camera 18 through wires; one side of base 1 is equipped with push rod 4, and the bottom is equipped with a plurality of universal wheels 6.
The first threaded rod is in threaded fit with the first sliding block and the second sliding block, the second threaded rod is in threaded fit with the lifting plate, materials of the matching surfaces are subjected to heat treatment, the hardness Y is 43-68HRC, and the tensile strength Q is 420-680 MPa; particularly, the hardness Y and the tensile strength Q satisfy Y.Q of 18500 and 45650 inclusive.
The first slide bar and the first slide block as well as the second slide bar and the second slide block are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance is 35-55 micrometers. In order to further improve the matching precision of each component of the structural crack detection device, prolong the service life and further improve the detection effect, the following relations are satisfied among the matching clearance, the hardness Y and the tensile strength Q:
Q/Y=ζ·/π2；
wherein pi is a circumference ratio; zeta is a relation coefficient, and the value range is 1.2-4.1.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a structural crack detecting apparatus for construction engineering; a base 1 and a housing 2; the shell 2 is arranged above the base 1, a through groove 3 is formed in the center of the base 1, and the through groove 3 corresponds to and is communicated with the bottom of the shell 2; a lifting mechanism and a translation mechanism are arranged inside the shell 2; the translation mechanism comprises a first sliding rod 7 and a second sliding rod 21 which are symmetrically arranged at two sides in the shell 2; the first slide bars 7 are respectively provided with a first slide block 8, and the second slide bars 21 are respectively provided with a second slide block 22; the outer side wall of the second sliding block 22 is connected with a first motor 9, the output shaft of the first motor 9 is connected with a first threaded rod 11, the other end of the first threaded rod 11 is connected with a bearing 10, and the other end of the first threaded rod 11 is rotatably connected with the first sliding block 8 through the bearing 10; the first threaded rod 11 is provided with a moving block 16, the outer side wall of the moving block 16 is connected with a pull rod 17, a camera 18 is arranged below the pull rod 17, and the camera 18 can shoot crack pictures from the through groove 3 through horizontal translation or vertical movement.
Two moving blocks 16 are arranged on the first threaded rod 11, internal threads 20 are formed in the center of each moving block 16, and the moving blocks are matched with the first threaded rod 11 through the internal threads 20 and are in rotating connection; the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting plate 19, the lifting plate 19 is of a U-shaped structure, one end of the lifting plate 19 is connected with the outer side wall of the first sliding block 8, and the other end of the lifting plate 19 is connected with the outer side wall of the second sliding block 22; a U-shaped fixing plate 12 is arranged above the lifting plate 19, the fixing plate 12 is connected with the inner wall of the shell 2, a second motor 13 is arranged on the inner side of the fixing plate 12, and an output shaft of the second motor 13 penetrates through the fixing plate 12 and is in clearance sliding connection with the fixing plate 12; the output shaft of the second motor 13 is connected with a second threaded rod 14; the second threaded rod 14 penetrates through the lifting plate 19, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lifting plate 19, and the second threaded rod 14 is rotatably connected with the lifting plate 19 through the threaded hole; the other end of the second threaded rod 14 is provided with a limiting block 15; a control box 5 is arranged on one side of the shell 2, a power switch is arranged in the control box 5, and the control box is connected with the first motor 9, the second motor 13 and the camera 18 through wires; one side of base 1 is equipped with push rod 4, and the bottom is equipped with a plurality of universal wheels 6.
A method of inspection for a crack detection device, comprising the steps of:
s1, aligning the through groove 3 of the base 1 to the crack, and controlling the first motor 9 and the second motor 13 to adjust through a power switch;
s2, after the shooting angle is adjusted, shooting and evidence obtaining are carried out;
s3, preprocessing a crack image;
s4, detecting a crack image;
and S5, identifying the crack image.
In steps S1 and S2, the rotation of the second motor 13 is controlled to drive the second threaded rod 14 to rotate, so as to further drive the lifting plate 19 to ascend or descend, adjust the height of the camera 18 from the ground, change the width of the shot picture, and improve the shooting effect; the first threaded rod 11 is driven to rotate through the first motor 9, the moving block 16 is driven to move on the threaded rod, the camera 18 connected to the moving block 16 moves in the horizontal direction, the horizontal angle of a photographing view is convenient to adjust, and meanwhile the stability of photographing pictures is improved.
Step S3 includes a, carrying out gray processing on the shot crack picture; b, filtering the gray level image acquired in the previous step by using a nonlinear median filter; c, processing the acquired image by using a gray image equalization algorithm; and d, performing image two-value speech processing by using an adaptive threshold method based on iterative optimization.
In step S4, a crack image obtained after image preprocessing has a large number of pseudo crack regions, and further filtering is required to extract the pseudo crack regions, the image processing technique based on morphology is used to filter out the pseudo crack regions, the crack image is filtered by using two features of length and width, and the pseudo crack regions are filtered and removed.
And step S5, calculating the information of the area size, the crack length value, the crack width value, the crack shape direction and the like of the crack area of the detected image, storing and analyzing the information so as to facilitate later inquiry and use.
Example three:
on the basis of the first embodiment, in order to improve the shooting precision, the stability of the shot picture is further improved, and the detection precision is improved; the descending or ascending height of the camera 18 is H, and the pitch P of the second threaded rod 14 is 0.18-0.35 cm; the diameter of the second threaded rod 14 is in the range of D2.6-5.8 cm; then H satisfies the following relationship:
H ·P =α·arctanφ（πD）；
in the above formula, α is a height adjustment coefficient, and the value range is 0.198 to 1.593.
H is in cm; phi is the lead angle of the second threaded rod 14 in degrees.
The device obtained by the technical scheme is a structural crack detection device for building engineering, and the rotation of the second threaded rod 14 is driven by controlling the rotation of the second motor 13, so that the lifting plate 19 is further driven to ascend or descend, the height of the camera 18 from the ground is adjusted, the width of shot pictures is changed, and the shooting effect is improved; the first threaded rod 11 is driven to rotate by the first motor 9, the moving block 16 is driven to move on the threaded rod, and the camera 18 connected to the moving block 16 moves in the horizontal direction, so that the horizontal angle of a photographed view can be adjusted conveniently, and meanwhile, the stability of photographed pictures is improved; the structure is light, the angle and the distance of the camera 18 can be adjusted in multiple directions through the lifting mechanism of the translation mechanism, the shooting imaging is good, the detection effect is improved, and when the device is used for detecting long-distance cracks, the base 1 is pushed to continuously shoot, so that the detection efficiency is improved; the structure is simple. The transmission is stable, the operation is convenient, the power and the labor are saved in the operation process, and the maintenance cost is low; by defining the height at which the camera 18 is lowered or raised, the pitch of the second threaded bar 14 is; the relation between 14 diameters of second threaded rod and 14 lead angles of second threaded rod further improves the shooting precision, improves the stability of taking the picture, promotes the accuracy that detects.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention; any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A structural crack detection device for construction engineering; a base (1) and a housing (2); the novel multifunctional electric kettle is characterized in that the shell (2) is arranged above the base (1), a through groove (3) is formed in the center of the base (1), and the through groove (3) corresponds to and is communicated with the bottom of the shell (2); a lifting mechanism and a translation mechanism are arranged inside the shell (2); the translation mechanism comprises a first sliding rod (7) and a second sliding rod (21) which are symmetrically arranged at two sides in the shell (2); the first sliding rods (7) are respectively provided with a first sliding block (8), and the second sliding rods (21) are respectively provided with a second sliding block (22); the outer side wall of the second sliding block (22) is connected with a first motor (9), the output shaft of the first motor (9) is connected with a first threaded rod (11), the other end of the first threaded rod (11) is connected with a bearing (10), and the other end of the first threaded rod (11) is rotatably connected with the first sliding block (8) through the bearing (10); the crack detector is characterized in that a moving block (16) is arranged on the first threaded rod (11), the outer side wall of the moving block (16) is connected with a pull rod (17), a camera (18) is arranged below the pull rod (17), and the camera (18) can shoot a crack picture from the through groove (3) through left-right translation or up-down movement.
2. The structural crack detection device for the building engineering as recited in claim 1, wherein two moving blocks (16) are arranged on the first threaded rod (11), an internal thread (20) is formed in the center of each moving block (16), and the moving blocks are rotatably connected with the first threaded rod (11) through the internal thread (20) in a matched manner.
3. The structural crack detection device for the building engineering as recited in claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting plate (19), the lifting plate (19) is of a "U" shape, one end of the lifting plate (19) is connected with the outer side wall of the first slide block (8), and the other end is connected with the outer side wall of the second slide block (22).
4. The structural crack detection device for the building engineering as claimed in claim 3, wherein a U-shaped fixing plate (12) is arranged above the lifting plate (19), the fixing plate (12) is connected with the inner wall of the shell (2), a second motor (13) is arranged on the inner side of the fixing plate (12), and an output shaft of the second motor (13) penetrates through the fixing plate (12) and is in clearance sliding connection with the fixing plate (12); the output shaft of the second motor (13) is connected with a second threaded rod (14).
5. The structural crack detection device for the building engineering as recited in claim 4, wherein the second threaded rod (14) penetrates through the lifting plate (19) (19), a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lifting plate (19), and the second threaded rod (14) is rotatably connected with the lifting plate (19) through the threaded hole; the other end of the second threaded rod (14) is provided with a limiting block (15).
6. The structural crack detection device for building engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that a control box (5) is arranged on one side of the housing (2), a power switch is arranged in the control box (5), and the control box is connected with the first motor (9), the second motor (13) and the camera (18) through wires.
7. The structural crack detection device for building engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a push rod (4) is arranged on one side of the base (1), and a plurality of universal wheels (6) are arranged on the bottom.
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| CN202010991005.0A CN112113903A (en) | 2020-09-20 | 2020-09-20 | Structural crack detection device for building engineering |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113588450A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-11-02 | 浙江东南钢结构有限公司 | Steel structure residential system-based stress deformation detection system and detection method thereof |
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| CN210510891U (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-05-12 | 金正阳 | Stop-motion animation shooting device |
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